0	Name	Mugshot	Nation	StartDate	IsDead	StartProv	HomeState	Chance	rank	Leadership	Tactical	Initiative	Command	Cavalry	WP	VMI	GradRank	Foreign	Relieved	Resigned	Medal	Special0	Special1	Special2	Special3	Special4	Bio	Notes
64	Burnside,_A.E.	Gen64.pcx	1	0	0	215	26	200	1	3	2	3	3	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	8	14	0	0	0	nobio	_mex_war___wprelieved_
136	Early,_J.A.	Gen136.pcx	2	0	100	78	31	200	1	5	6	5	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	3	4	11	9	0	Lt._Gen._Jubal_Anderson_Early_(b._1816,_d.__1894)._This_Virginian_who_opposed_secession_before_the_war_became_one_of_the_first_advocating_the_Lost_Cause_Myth_afterwards._Early_graduated_from_West_Point_in_1837_and_served_in_the_Second_Seminole_War_before_resigning_from_the_army_in_1838_to_become_a_lawyer_in_his_home_state._As_a_volunteer_in_the_Mexican-American_War,_Early_saw_his_first_fighting._A_member_of_the_Whig_party,_he_opposed_secession,_but_when_Pres._Abraham_Lincoln_called_for_volunteers_in_the_Fort_Sumter_crisis,_Early_supported_leaving_the_Union._He_became_a_brigadier_general_of_the_militia_and_a_colonel_of_the_newly_formed_Confederate_army._In_the_days_before_the_Battle_of_First_Bull_Run,_Earlys_brigade_supported_Gen._James_Longstreet_the_skirmish_at_Blackburns_Ford._In_the_actual_battle_(July_21,_1861),_Early_helped_to_stabilize_the_Confederate_left_and_beat_back_the_Union_attack,_which_earned_him_promotion_to_brigadier_general._On_the_Peninsula,_Early_was_wounded_in_the_Battle_of_Williamsburg_(May_5,_1862)_while_leading_a_charge._He_recovered_in_time_for_the_Battle_of_Malvern_Hill_(July_1),_but_got_his_brigade_lost_in_the_woods_and_saw_no_fighting_that_day._Old_Jube_performed_better_at_Cedar_Mountain_and_at_Second_Bull_Run_(August_29-30)._When_Gen._Alexander_Lawton,_who_had_replaced_the_wounded_division_commander_Gen._Richard_Ewell,_was_himself_wounded_at_Antietam_(September_17,_1862),_Early_rose_to_take_his_place._At_Fredericksburg_(December_13),_Earlys_men_arrived_just_in_time_to_thwart_the_Unions_only_chance_of_success_by_closing_the_wide_gap_in_Gen._Stonewall_Jacksons_lines._This_earned_Early_a_promotion_to_major_general_in_January_1863._Earlys_division_stayed_in_the_trenches_at_Fredericksburg_to_protect_the_rear_when_the_army_headed_off_to_fight_the_Battle_of_Chancellorsville,_but_was_pushed_back_by_two_opposing_corps_under_Gen._George_Sedgwick_in_the_Second_Battle_of_Fredericksburg_(May_3),_only_to_regain_a_position_cutting_off_Sedgwick_because_of_the_latters_carelessness_the_next_day._During_the_invasion_of_Pennsylvania,_Early_became_known_in_the_North_for_his_ruthless_behavior_towards_raided_towns._At_Gettysburg_his_division_captured_thousands_of_prisoners_on_the_first_day_but_was_not_able_to_support_any_attack_on_Culps_or_Cemetery_Hill._Early_persuaded_Ewell,_now_his_corps_commander,_not_to_shift_the_troops_from_the_Confederate_left_to_the_right,_thus_making_them_almost_useless_for_the_rest_of_the_battle._When_Ewell_got_sick_in_1864,_Gen._Robert_E._Lee_made_Early_commander_of_II_Corps_and_recommended_his_promotion_to_lieutenant_general_that_May._To_relieve_the_pressure_on_Petersburg,_Lee_sent_Earlys_corps_to_the_Shenandoah_Valley,_from_which_Lees_Bad_Old_Man_started_a_raid_that_reached_the_fortifications_of_Washington,_D.C.,_shelling_them_in_Lincolns_presence._Unable_to_threaten_the_city,_but_having_had_a_major_impact_on_public_opinion_in_the_North,_Early_fell_back_to_the_Valley,_where_he_was_later_soundly_defeated_by_Gen._Philip_Sheridan_at_Cedar_Creek_(October_19)._The_Valley_Campaign_prolonged_the_war_but_did_not_achieve_its_goal,_as_the_siege_at_Petersburg_continued._Lee_relieved_Early_from_command_in_March_1865,_and_he_went_into_exile_to_avoid_capture_and_trial_for_the_burning_of_Chambersburg,_Pennsylvania_in_retaliation_for_Union_Gen._David_Hunters_destructive_actions_at_Lexington_and_elsewhere_in_the_Valley._Early_was_pardoned_by_Pres._Andrew_Johnson_in_1868_and_returned_to_Virginia_to_practice_law_again._He_founded_the_Robert_E._Lee_Memorial_Association_and_was_partly_responsible_for_the_Lee_Cult._With_his_friends_he_started_a_campaign_to_make_Longstreet,_by_then_a_Republican,_the_scapegoat_for_the_lost_battle_of_Gettysburg_and_the_Cause_as_a_whole__thus_Early_influenced_perceptions_of_the_conflict_for_decades_after_his_own_death._(Bio_by_Joern_Kaesebier)	____rudewp_
153	Forrest,_N.B.	Gen153.pcx	2	36	0	216	28	200	1	7	7	8	6	8	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	21	3	4	11	2	Lt._Gen._Nathan_Bedford_Forrest_(b._1821,_d._1877)._Uneducated_but_not_illiterate,_Forrest_was_a_natural_tactician_who_earned_the_praise_of_his_enemies._Both_Gen._Ulysses_S._Grant_and_Gen._William_T._Sherman_feared_this_man_who_entered_the_Confederate_forces_a_private_and_left_a_general._The_stories_of_him_are_legend.__Forrest_enlisted_in_the_Confederate_army_as_a_private_in_July,_1861,_and_just_a_year_later,_on_July_21,_1862,_he_was_appointed_a_Brigadier_General._By_December_4,_1863_he_was_already_a_Major_General,_and_he_ultimately_was_promoted_to_Lieutenant_General_near_the_end_of_the_war,_on_February_28,_1865._Forrest_was_one_of_the_pioneers_of_mobile_warfare._Paramount_in_his_strategy_was_to_get_there_fustest_with_the_mostest,_as_he_is_reputed_to_have_said,_even_if_it_meant_pushing_his_horses_at_a_killing_pace,_which_he_did_more_than_once.__A_report_on_the_Battle_of_Paducah_stated_that_Forrest_led_a_mounted_cavalry_of_2,500_troopers_100_miles_in_only_50_hours._His_favorite_maxim_was,_War_means_fighting,_and_fighting_means_killing._Without_the_slightest_knowledge_of_them,_he_seemed_by_instinct_to_adopt_the_tactics_of_the_great_masters_of_the_military_art._He_was_not_taught_at_West_Point,_but_he_gave_lessons_to_West_Point_that_are_still_taught_there._Confederate_Gen._Richard_Taylor_has_well_said:_I_doubt_if_any_commander,_since_the_days_of_lion_hearted_Richard,_has_killed_as_many_enemies_with_his_own_hand_as_Forrest._In_accomplishing_this,_Forrest_exposed_himself_to_constant_danger,_having_twenty-seven_horses_killed_and_wounded_under_him_in_battle_and_twice_being_severely_wounded_himself._He_conducted_many_successful_raids_on_the_Union_lines_of_communication_and_specialized_in_delivering_surprise_attacks_on_isolated_Union_garrisons_which_yielded_many_prisoners_and_caused_Federal_authorities_much_aggravation._Forrests_most_impressive_victory_came_at_Brices_Cross_Roads_in_Mississippi,_where,_against_a_force_over_twice_the_size_of_his_own,_he_succeeded_in_putting_his_enemies_to_confused_flight._After_Gen._Robert_E._Lee_and_then_Gen._Joseph_E._Johnston_surrendered_their_forces_in_April,_1865,_Forrest_finally_gave_up_the_fight,_too._(Bio_by_Marko_Kovacic)	cav____good_
193	McDowell,_I.	Gen193.pcx	1	0	0	88	24	200	4	3	4	4	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___wp_
211	Meade,_G.G.	Gen211.pcx	1	15	0	215	25	200	1	6	5	5	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	7	14	20	16	0	Maj._Gen._George_Gordon_Meade_(b._1815,_d._1872)._Victor_at_Gettysburg,_Meade_commanded_the_Army_of_the_Potomac_from_June_28,_1863_until_the_end_of_the_war._While_overshadowed_by_his_general-in-chief,_Ulysses_S._Grant,_who_made_his_headquarters_with_the_Army_of_the_Potomac_beginning_in_1864,_Meade_held_command_of_that_organization_longer_than_anyone_else._Meade_was_born_December_31,_1815,_in_Cadiz,_Spain._He_got_an_appointment_to_the_U.S._Military_Academy_in_1831_and_graduated_with_the_Class_of_1835_(19th_of_56)._He_briefly_served_with_the_artillery_during_the_Second_Seminole_War_before_getting_sick,_and_also_served_in_Massachusetts_until_he_resigned_in_1836_to_pursue_a_career_in_engineering._In_1842,_Meade_returned_to_the_army_and_received_an_appointment_as_a_2nd_lieutenant_in_the_Corps_of_Topographical_Engineers._From_then_until_the_Civil_War,_he_mainly_worked_on_coastal_improvements._During_the_Mexican_War,_he_was_at_the_battles_of_Palo_Alto,_Resaca_de_la_Palma,_Monterrey_and_Veracruz,_earning_a_brevet_to_1st_lieutenant_for_gallantry_at_Monterrey._When_the_Civil_War_came,_Meade_was_a_captain_but_was_made_a_brigadier_general_of_volunteers_on_August_31,_taking_command_of_the_2nd_Brigade_of_Pennsylvania_Reserves._After_spending_the_winter_working_on_the_Washington,_D.C.,_defenses,_Meade_joined_Gen._George_B._McClellans_Peninsular_Campaign_of_March-July_1862._During_the_Seven_Days_Battles,_Meade_was_at_Mechanicsville,_Gaines_Mill_and_White_Oak_Swamp,_where_he_was_severely_wounded_twice_(hip_and_arm)._While_still_recovering,_Meade_led_a_brigade_in_Gen._Irvin_McDowells_corps_at_Second_Bull_Run._He_ascended_to_command_a_division_in_Gen._Joseph_Hookers_I_Corps_at_South_Mountain_and_Antietam_two_weeks_later._At_Fredericksburg,_Meade_had_the_3rd_Division_of_I_Corps_in_Gen._William_B._Franklins_Left_Grand_Division_and_was_one_of_the_rare_Union_successes._He_was_promoted_to_major_general_of_volunteers_to_rank_from_November_29_and_given_command_of_V_Corps._After_Hooker_failed_at_Chancellorsville_the_following_spring,_Meade,_who_advocated_an_aggressive_strategy,_replaced_him_as_commander_of_the_Army_of_the_Potomac._Immediately,_Meade_was_confronted_with_his_enemy_in_Pennsylvania._When_contact_was_made_near_Gettysburg,_Reynolds_was_killed_and_two_corps_were_routed_from_north_of_the_town._Meade_was_able_to_forge_a_defense_on_the_heights_south_of_town,_and_when_the_Confederates_could_not_dislodge_his_army,_they_retreated_south._Meade_drew_criticism_for_not_finishing_off_the_Confederates_before_they_could_cross_the_Potomac_River_to_safety._Meade_offered_to_resign,_but_in_the_wake_of_the_major_victory,_he_was_appointed_a_brigadier_general_in_the_Regular_Army_to_rank_from_July_3,_1863,_and_on_January_28_received_the_thanks_of_Congress._Meade_next_led_his_army_at_Bristoe_Station_and_Mine_Run,_neither_of_which_resulted_in_any_major_victory._During_the_spring_of_1864,_Meade_got_a_new_boss_as_Grant_came_east_as_a_lieutenant_general_and_directly_oversaw_his_efforts_in_the_Overland_Campaign_and_Richmond-Petersburg_Campaign_in_the_wars_final_year,_having_instructed_Meade,_Lees_army_is_your_objective_point._Wherever_Lee_goes,_there_you_will_go_also._Despite_occasional_friction_between_the_two,_Grant_recommended_Meade_for_a_promotion_to_major_general_in_the_Regular_Army_(though_Meade_was_insulted_that_the_Senate_confirmed_his_promotion_only_after_those_of_Gens._William_T._Sherman_and_Philip_Sheridan)._When_Grants_and_Meades_efforts_ultimately_forced_the_Army_of_Northern_Virginia_to_surrender,_Meade_was_not_present_at_Appomattox_Court_House,_and_it_was_Grant_who_received_most_of_the_credit_for_victory._After_the_war,_Meade_continued_his_military_career,_and_was_commanding_the_Division_of_the_Atlantic,_headquartered_in_Philadelphia,_when_he_died_on_November_6,_1872,_of_pneumonia,_which_was_a_complication_of_his_old_wounds._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_____
270	Pope,_J.	Gen270.pcx	1	0	0	144	7	200	2	4	4	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	7	4	0	0	0	nobio	_mex_engineer___
418	Grant,_U.S.	Gen418.pcx	1	14	0	128	7	200	1	8	7	8	8	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	19	20	10	14	1	Lt._Gen._Ulysses_Simpson_Grant_(b._1822,_d._1885)._Born_on_April_27,_1822_in_Ohio_as_Hiram_Ulysses_Grant,_he_kept_the_name_by_which_he_was_mistakenly_registered_at_West_Point_(the_Simpson_coming_from_his_mothers_maiden_name)._Having_graduated_in_1843,_Grant_served_with_distinction_in_the_Mexican_War_and_was_promoted_to_captain,_but_resigned_from_the_army_in_1854_and_entered_private_life._When_Pres._Abraham_Lincoln_called_for_volunteers_in_April_1861,_Grant_helped_to_raise_troops_in_Illinois_and_gained_command_of_a_regiment_as_its_colonel,_quickly_rising_to_brigadier_general_on_July_31._Grant_preferred_offensive_warfare_to_defensive_and_had_a_great_grasp_for_strategic_situations:_thus_he_developed_a_plan_to_capture_Fort_Henry_and_Fort_Donelson_in_Tennessee_and_carried_it_out_successfully_in_February_1862,_taking_15,000_prisoners_and_forcing_the_Confederates_out_of_Kentucky._Nicknamed_Unconditional_Surrender_Grant_for_his_reply_when_asked_for_terms_at_Fort_Donelson,_Grant_was_awarded_promotion_to_Major_General_of_Volunteers_effective_February_16,_the_date_the_fort_fell._His_first_major_battle_was_Shiloh,_where_he_turned_near-defeat_into_victory:_having_been_pushed_back_on_the_first_day,_Grant_remained_calm_and_determined_to_continue_the_struggle_on_the_second_day_when,_with_reinforcements,_Grant_whipped_the_Confederates._Given_command_of_the_Army_of_West_Tennessee,_Grant_was_victorious_at_Iuka_and_Corinth._But_capturing_the_vital_stronghold_at_Vicksburg_and_splitting_the_Confederacy_along_the_Mississippi_River_was_a_much_greater_challenge._After_various_approaches_failed,_in_April_1863_Grant_abandoned_his_supply_lines_and_operated_in_enemy_territory,_enabling_him_to_defeat_a_Confederate_rescue_force_at_Jackson_and_push_the_defenders_of_Vicksburg_back_into_their_fortified_city_for_a_six-week_siege_that_ultimately_ended_on_July_4._Grants_next_task_was_to_relieve_the_besieged_Union_forces_in_Chattanooga._In_several_engagements_culminating_in_the_Battle_of_Missionary_Ridge,_he_drove_the_enemy_from_Tennessee._For_his_performance,_Grant_on_March_2,_1864_became_the_first_lieutenant_general_of_the_regular_army,_and_was_promoted_to_general-in-chief_ten_days_later._Seeking_a_coordinated_strategy_for_victory_in_1864,_Grant_ordered_the_Union_armies_to_advance_on_all_fronts,_preventing_the_South_from_reinforcing_one_theater_with_troops_from_others._Grant_himself_relocated_to_Virginia_and_oversaw_Gen._George_G._Meades_Army_of_the_Potomac_in_the_Overland_Campaign._Like_his_new_opponent_Gen._Robert_E._Lee,_Grant_knew_how_to_read_his_enemy._He_was_therefore_determined_to_seize_and_keep_the_initiative._However,_Virginias_topography_did_not_give_much_room_for_maneuvering,_so_when_Grant_tried_to_flank_Lee,_the_Confederates_would_get_in_his_way_and_block_the_move._Grant_determined_to_fight_doggedly,_wearing_down_Lees_forces_by_inflicting_proportionally_greater_casualties,_as_occurred_in_the_Wilderness_and_at_Spotsylvania_Court_House__and_since_both_sides_used_entrenchments,_their_casualties_were_very_high._Grant_also_tried_to_cut_off_Richmond_by_taking_Petersburg,_but_even_though_he_out-maneuvered_Lee_his_own_subordinates_moved_too_cautiously,_enabling_Lee_to_prepare_for_a_lengthy_siege._Success_in_the_Battle_of_Five_Forks_on_April_1,_1865_and_elsewhere_enabled_Grant_to_dislodge_Lee_from_Petersburgs_defenses,_and_to_force_his_surrender_at_Appomattox_Court_House_on_April_9._After_the_war,_Grant_was_promoted_to_the_new_rank_of_General_of_the_Army._He_was_elected_President_twice,_in_1868_and_1872,_but_his_administration_was_known_mainly_for_corruption_among_his_subordinates._Having_lost_his_savings_when_cheated_by_a_business_partner,_Grant_wrote_his_best-selling_Personal_Memoirs_in_order_to_ensure_his_familys_financial_security._He_completed_this_work_just_days_before_dying_from_throat_cancer_on_July_23,_1885._(Bio_by_Joern_Kaesebier)	_____
466	Hooker,_J.	Gen466.pcx	1	15	0	215	15	200	1	4	5	5	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	20	15	10	0	Maj._Gen._Joseph_Hooker_(b._1814,_d._1879)._The_ambitious_Hooker_was_one_of_the_best_Union_division_and_corps_commanders_but_lacked_the_abilities_to_effectively_command_an_army._Born_in_Hadley,_Massachusetts,_he_graduated_from_West_Point_in_1837._After_serving_in_the_2nd_Seminole_War_and_the_Mexican_War,_he_was_sent_to_the_West_Coast._His_testimony_against_his_former_commander_Gen._Winfield_Scott_in_a_court-martial_blocked_further_advancement,_so_Hooker_left_the_army_in_1853_and_settled_in_California._When_the_Civil_War_broke_out,_Hooker_requested_a_commission_in_the_East._It_was_refused_until_the_Union_defeat_at_First_Bull_Run,_probably_due_to_Scotts_influence._In_August_1861,_Hooker_was_appointed_brigadier_general_of_volunteers_dating_from_May_17._Assigned_to_the_Army_of_the_Potomac,_he_rose_quickly_to_division_command._During_the_Peninsula_Campaign_of_1862_he_gained_a_reputation_for_aggressiveness_at_the_Battle_of_Williamsburg_on_May_5,_earning_him_a_promotion_to_major_general._When_newspapers_mistook_the_label_Fighting__Joe_Hooker_on_telegraphed_news_for_the_storys_headline,_the_general_got_the_nickname_Fighting_Joe__a_name_he_himself_disliked._Hooker_fought_aggressively_during_the_Seven_Days_Campaign,_in_which_his_division_suffered_a_quarter_of_the_armys_entire_casualties._When_the_unit_was_shipped_back_north,_it_was_detached_to_the_Army_of_Virginia._Hooker_served_remarkably_in_the_III_Corps,_though_the_army_was_badly_defeated_at_Second_Bull_Run_on_August_29-30._The_reorganization_of_the_Army_of_the_Potomac_for_the_Maryland_Campaign_saw_Hooker_commanding_I_Corps_at_South_Mountain_and_Antietam,_where_his_corps_suffered_heavy_casualties_in_the_Cornfield_and_at_the_Dunker_Church._Still,_Hookers_determined_leadership_almost_carried_the_day_for_the_Union,_but_when_he_was_wounded_further_attacks_on_the_Union_right_were_cancelled._In_the_aftermath,_Hooker_lobbied_for_his_promotion_to_army_command,_but_Gen._Ambrose_Burnside_was_selected_to_replace_Gen._George_B._McClellan._Hooker_soon_got_into_conflict_with_his_new_superior._When_Burnside_ordered_a_frontal_attack_at_Fredericksburg_on_December_13,_Hooker__in_command_of_the_Union_center__refused_to_obey_and_was_bypassed_in_the_chain_of_command._Following_the_bloody_repulse_and_ensuing_Mud_March,_Hooker_replaced_Burnside_on_January_26,_1863._After_restoring_morale_and_drilling_the_troops,_Hooker_confidently_announced:_May_God_have_mercy_on_General_Lee,_for_I_will_have_none._He_began_his_spring_campaign_with_a_brilliant_crossing_of_the_Rapidan_River_but_failed_to_exploit_his_advantage_of_surprise_and_lost_the_initiative_to_Gens._Robert_E._Lee_and_Stonewall_Jackson,_who_badly_beat_him_at_Chancellorsville:_on_May_2,_Jacksons_flanking_movement_resulted_in_the_rout_of_the_Union_XI_Corps,_and_during_the_fighting_Hooker_was_knocked_out_by_a_cannonball_but_refused_to_turn_over_command_to_Gen._Darius_Couch._The_ensuing_confusion_in_the_Union_high_command_demolished_any_hope_of_success,_and_by_May_7_the_army_had_retreated._Hooker_was_not_immediately_replaced,_but_while_making_plans_to_counter_Lees_Gettysburg_Campaign_he_quarreled_over_command_authority_issues_with_general-in-chief_Henry_Halleck,_who_despised_him,_and_was_removed_from_command_on_June_28._That_fall,_Hooker_was_sent_to_the_Army_of_the_Cumberland_and_played_a_conspicuous_role_in_the_relief_of_Chattanooga,_winning_the_Battle_of_Lookout_Mountain_under_Gen._Ulysses_S._Grant._Distrust_by_Grant_and_his_successor_Gen._William_T._Sherman,_under_whom_Hooker_fought_in_the_Atlanta_Campaign,_resulted_in_Hookers_transfer_at_his_own_request_to_the_Northern_Department,_which_he_commanded_from_October_1,_1864_until_the_wars_end._In_1868,_a_stroke_forced_Hooker_to_retire_from_the_army,_as_a_regular_major_general._Hooker_suddenly_died_on_October_31,_1879,_while_on_a_visit_to_Garden_City,_New_York._(Bio_by_Joern_Kaesebier)	_____
522	Hardee,_W.J.	Gen522.pcx	2	0	0	54	6	200	1	5	7	5	5	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	24	1	0	0	Lt._Gen._William_Joseph_Hardee_(b._1815,_d._1873)._Hardee,_nicknamed_Old_Reliable,_was_probably_the_best_Confederate_corps_commander_in_the_West._His_feud_with_Gen._Braxton_Bragg_and_his_friendship_with_Gen._Joseph_E._Johnston,_however,_would_hinder_him_from_becoming_an_army_commander._A_native_of_Georgia,_Hardee_graduated_from_West_Point_in_1838_and_served_in_the_U.S._Army_in_the_cavalry,_fighting_against_the_Seminoles_and_seeing_action_in_the_war_against_Mexico._He_was_best_known_as_the_author_of_the_armys_official_manual_on_tactics,_also_called_Hardees_Tactics._At_the_outbreak_of_the_Civil_War,_Hardee_offered_to_serve_in_the_Confederate_army_and_Pres._Jefferson_Davis_appointed_him_brigadier_general_on_June_13,_1861,_sending_him_to_Arkansas_to_take_command_of_the_troops_in_the_upper_district_of_that_state._It_was_in_this_capacity_that_he_would_meet_Gen._Patrick_Cleburne,_who_would_soon_become_a_Hardee_protege._When_these_Arkansas_forces_were_attached_to_Gen._Albert_S._Johnstons_Army_of_Mississippi_in_Kentucky,_Hardee,_who_had_been_promoted_to_major_general_on_October_7,_became_divisional_commander_and_then_corps_commander,_leading_his_corps_in_the_Battle_of_Shiloh_on_April_6-7,_1862._When_Bragg_was_given_command_of_this_army_in_the_aftermath_of_Johnstons_death_at_Shiloh,_he_put_Hardee_in_charge_of_drilling_the_army_and_he_thought_him_to_be_the_only_reliable_corps_commander_he_had._After_the_invasion_of_Kentucky_failed,_Hardee,_who_had_been_promoted_to_lieutenant_general_on_October_10,_stayed_in_Braggs_newly_renamed_Army_of_Tennessee_as_commander_of_the_II_Corps,_though_he_had_some_serious_doubts_about_Braggs_competence._Hardee,_who_had_performed_ably_but_seen_his_corps_achievements_in_the_Battle_of_Stones_River_go_for_naught_under_Braggs_leadership,_openly_expressed_his_views_to_Bragg_after_the_Tullahoma_Campaign_of_late_June,_1863,_leading_their_relationship_to_become_very_strained._In_July,_Hardee_was_transferred_to_the_Department_of_Mississippi_and_East_Louisiana,_under_the_command_of_Gen._Joseph_E._Johnston._He_returned_to_the_Army_of_Tennessee_during_the_siege_of_Chattanooga,_but_even_the_splendid_conduct_of_his_corps,_especially_the_men_of_Cleburnes_division,_at_Missionary_Ridge_could_not_prevent_the_armys_defeat._After_Bragg_left_his_army_in_December_1863,_Hardee_assumed_temporary_command_of_it,_but_declined_an_offer_to_remain_in_command._Hardees_reputation_had_suffered_from_the_feud_with_his_former_commander,_who_would_continue_to_influence_the_events_in_the_West_as_a_military_advisor_to_Davis._Hardee_would_never_get_a_second_chance_for_army_command._After_Bragg,_his_friend_Johnston_was_appointed,_and_on_the_eve_of_the_Battle_of_Atlanta,_Davis_would_prefer_the_less_experienced_Gen._John_B._Hood_to_Hardee._As_Hardee_asked_to_be_relieved_from_service_under_Hood,_Davis_appealed_to_his_patriotism_and_he_stayed_with_the_Army_of_Tennessee._When_Hood_blamed_Hardee_for_losing_the_Battle_of_Bald_Hill_on_July_27,_five_weeks_before_Atlantas_fall,_Hardee_again_asked_for_relief,_but_again_Davis_convinced_him_to_stay._Finally,_just_after_the_Battle_of_Jonesborough,_which_sealed_Atlantas_fate,_Hardee_obtained_a_transfer_from_Hoods_command_(not_realizing_that_soon_Johnston_would_replace_Hood)._He_was_assigned_the_Department_of_South_Carolina,_Georgia_and_Florida,_in_which_capacity_he_opposed_Gen._William_T._Shermans_March_to_the_Sea__though_he_could_do_little_more_than_evacuate_Savannah._During_the_last_weeks_of_the_war,_he_joined_Johnstons_forces,_fighting_at_Bentonville_on_March_19,_1865,_and_ultimately_surrendering_five_weeks_later_at_Durham_Station,_North_Carolina._After_the_war,_Hardee_worked_in_the_warehousing_and_insurance_businesses,_became_president_of_the_Selma_and_Meridian_Railroad,_and_held_a_seat_in_Congress_for_a_single_term_(1879-1881)._He_was_buried_at_Selma,_Alabama._(Bio_by_Joern_Kaesebier)	_mex___top10wp_
555	Jackson,_T.J.	Gen555.pcx	2	0	56	77	31	200	1	8	8	8	7	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	4	23	5	10	Lt._Gen._Thomas_J._Stonewall_Jackson_(b._1824,_d._1863)._One_of_Americas_greatest_generals,_Jackson_had_a_humble,_lonely_beginning:_born_in_Clarksburg,_Virginia_on_January_21,_1824,_his_parents_and_a_sister_died_when_he_was_young,_leaving_him_to_be_raised_by_an_uncle_at_Jacksons_Mill,_the_family_estate._As_a_youth,_he_worked_at_the_mill,_read_voraciously,_raced_horses_and_built_a_raft_he_would_use_to_cross_the_river_and_spend_time_in_the_shade_of_some_trees._Admitted_to_West_Point,_Jackson_saw_it_as_his_only_chance_at_a_college_education_and_studied_with_unmatched_intensity._After_graduating_in_1846,_he_served_with_distinction_in_Mexico_as_a_2nd_Lieutenant_of_the_1st_U.S._Artillery,_but_left_the_army_in_1851_to_teach_at_the_Virginia_Military_Institute_for_the_next_ten_years._On_April_17,_1861,_Virginia_seceded_from_the_Union,_and_four_days_later_Jackson_led_V.M.I.s_corps_of_cadets_to_Richmond,_organizing_and_drilling_new_recruits_there._Jackson_was_made_a_colonel_of_the_state_militia_and_given_command_at_Harpers_Ferry;_he_next_organized_the_1st_Virginia_Brigade,_gaining_promotion_to_brigadier_general_on_July_3._On_July_21,_Jackson_played_a_crucial_roll_at_1st_Manassas_when,_with_southern_forces_crumbling,_he_moved_his_brigade_to_Henry_House_Hill_and_set_a_defensive_line_to_stop_the_Union._At_this_time,_Gen._Bernard_E._Bee_rallied_his_brigade_by_saying,_Look_men,_there_is_Jackson_standing_like_a_stone_wall!_Bees_exhortation_gave_both_the_commander_and_his_brigade_the_immortal_name_of_Stonewall._As_more_reinforcements_arrived,_the_South_routed_the_Union._On_October_7,_Jackson_was_promoted_to_major_general,_and_subsequently_given_command_of_the_Shenandoah_Valley_District._Charged_with_hampering_the_Unions_forces_there_while_Gen._George_B._McClellan_was_aiming_for_Richmond_in_the_Peninsula_Campaign,_Jackson_startled_the_enemy_with_a_series_of_bold_maneuvers._On_March_23_he_had_his_only_defeat,_at_Kernstown,_but_then_deceptively_marched_his_army_out_of_the_Valley,_boarded_trains_and_returned_back_into_the_Valley_to_surprise_and_defeat_the_Union_at_McDowell._He_then_marched_his_men_down_the_Valley,_pushing_the_Union_north_to_Strasburg,_where_they_dug_in._Next_the_army_marched_over_New_Market_Gap_in_a_flanking_maneuver,_routing_the_Union_at_Front_Royal_and_Winchester,_before_withdrawing_south_and_closing_the_campaign_at_Cross_Keys_and_Port_Republic_with_victories_over_armies_sent_to_trap_them._Jackson_was_then_ordered_towards_Richmond,_and_by_his_unexpected_arrival_forced_McClellan_to_abandon_his_attack_plans_and_position._Joining_up_with_Gen._Robert_E._Lee_for_the_Seven_Days_Battles_of_June_25-July_1,_the_exhausted_Jackson_performed_poorly._He_redeemed_himself_with_a_brilliant_flank_march_that_precipitated_the_Battle_of_2nd_Manassas._During_Septembers_Maryland_Campaign,_Jackson_captured_Harpers_Ferry_before_hurrying_to_Antietam,_where_his_men_withstood_withering_Union_attacks._Promoted_to_lieutenant_general_and_given_the_II_Corps_on_October_10,_Jacksons_men_helped_repel_the_Union_attack_at_Fredericksburg._Spring_of_1863_brought_the_Chancellorsville_Campaign._On_May_2,_Lee_divided_his_army_and_sent_Jackson_on_a_daylong_flanking_march_that_ended_in_a_crippling_attack_on_the_Union_right._After_dark,_Jackson_rode_out_with_officers_and_staff_to_scout_Union_positions,_but_while_returning_they_were_fired_upon_by_Jacksons_own_men._Jackson_was_hit_in_the_right_hand_and_left_arm._Having_lost_the_arm,_he_soon_developed_pneumonia._The_profoundly_religious_Jackson__he_always_credited_his_victories_to_God_and,_seeing_the_Civil_War_as_a_test_of_faith,_had_drawn_inspiration_from_Biblical_military_heroes_like_Joshua,_Gideon_and_David__had_always_desired_to_die_on_the_Sabbath_day,_and_so_he_did:_he_passed_on_Sunday,_May_10,_just_after_uttering_his_final_words,_Let_us_cross_over_the_river_and_rest_under_the_shade_of_the_trees.	_mex___top10wp_
564	Johnston,_A.S.	Gen564.pcx	2	15	0	203	29	200	4	6	5	5	6	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	13	16	11	0	Gen._Albert_Sidney_Johnston_(b._1803,_d._1862)._In_a_forty-year_military_career,_Johnston_would_serve_the_United_States,_Republic_of_Texas,_and_Confederate_States_of_America._He_was_born_on_February_2,_1803_in_Washington,_Kentucky,_and_began_his_career_with_an_appointment_to_West_Point,_graduating_8th_in_the_Class_of_1826._First_seeing_combat_as_adjutant_to_army_commander_Gen._Henry_Atkinson_during_the_Black_Hawk_War_of_1832,_Johnston_soon_had_to_resign_his_commission_to_care_for_his_dying_wife._Following_her_death_in_1835,_he_moved_to_Texas_and_fought_as_a_private_for_its_independence._Rapid_promotion_followed:_Johnston_was_appointed_adjutant_general_in_August_1836,_and_then_as_senior_brigadier_general_he_assumed_command_of_the_Army_of_the_Republic_of_Texas_on_January_31,_1837._This_aroused_the_jealousy_of_Brig._Gen._Felix_Huston,_who_challenged_Johnston_to_a_duel_over_command_of_the_army,_and_wounded_him_after_he_refused_to_fire._Johnston_became_Texass_Secretary_of_War_in_1838,_but_his_vigor_in_combating_the_Cherokees_caused_him_to_fall_out_of_favor_with_Pres._Sam_Houston,_leading_to_his_resignation_and_departure_in_1840._After_marrying_his_late_wifes_cousin,_he_returned_to_Texas_and_settled_down_on_his_plantation,_China_Grove._Enlisting_for_the_Mexican_War,_Johnston_was_appointed_Colonel_of_the_1st_Texas_Rifle_Volunteers,_and_later_served_on_a_divisional_staff_during_the_Monterrey_Campaign._After_the_war_he_was_paymaster_for_the_Texas_frontier,_until_in_1855_he_rejoined_the_army_and_was_given_command_of_the_newly_created_2nd_Cavalry_Regiment,_which_defended_Texas_from_incursions_by_the_Comanches._This_was_followed_by_assignments_in_Utah_Territory_(to_suppress_rebellious_Mormons)_and,_beginning_in_November_1860,_the_Pacific_Department._When_Texas_seceded_on_February_1,_1861,_Johnstons_loyalty_to_his_adoptive_state_led_him_to_resign._He_at_first_intended_to_stay_out_of_the_fight,_but_changed_his_mind_and_traveled_overland_to_Richmond,_arriving_in_September_and_being_appointed_the_second-ranking_full_general_by_Pres._Jefferson_Davis,_a_West_Point_friend._Given_command_of_Department_No._2,_which_oversaw_much_of_the_western_theater,_Johnston_established_his_headquarters_in_Bowling_Green,_Kentucky._His_command_was_soon_afflicted_by_a_series_of_fiascos:_forces_under_him_in_quick_succession_lost_the_Battle_of_Mill_Springs_on_January_19,_Fort_Henry_on_February_6,_and_Fort_Donelson_on_February_16;_and_then,_with_two_armies_converging_on_Nashville,_Johnston_was_forced_to_abandon_the_state_capital_without_a_fight_a_week_later._Despite_these_catastrophes_Davis_refused_to_fire_Johnston,_famously_saying,_If_Sidney_Johnston_is_not_a_general,_I_have_none._In_an_effort_to_regain_the_initiative_(and_his_reputation),_Johnston_called_troops_from_all_over_the_west_to_launch_a_counterattack_on_April_6_at_Pittsburg_Landing,_a_point_on_the_Tennessee_River,_in_what_would_become_the_Battle_of_Shiloh._Advised_by_Gen._P.G.T._Beauregard,_his_second-in-command,_to_call_off_the_attack,_Johnston_famously_said,_I_would_attack_them_if_they_were_a_million._After_achieving_the_element_of_surprise_and_initial_success_against_Gen._Ulysses_S._Grants_forces,_the_attack_began_to_bog_down._But_things_were_to_get_worse._That_afternoon,_while_urging_a_brigade_to_charge,_Johnston_was_struck_behind_the_right_knee_by_a_ball_that_nicked_an_artery,_causing_what_he_had_thought_to_be_a_minor_wound_to_be_a_fatal_one,_as_his_boot_quickly_filled_with_blood._In_his_absence,_the_Confederate_effort_faltered,_and_the_next_day_Grant,_having_been_reinforced,_defeated_Beauregard._Johnston_was_the_highest-ranking_casualty_of_the_war_on_either_side,_and_the_only_American_four-star_general_ever_to_be_killed_in_action._It_is_often_said_that_the_hopes_for_an_independent_South_died_with_him._Johnston_is_buried_in_the_Texas_State_Cemetery_at_Austin,_Texas._(Bio_by_Michael_Jennings)	cav_mex___wp_
566	Johnston,_J.E.	Gen566.pcx	2	0	0	77	31	200	4	7	5	5	6	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	19	9	24	16	Gen._Joseph_Eggleston_Johnston_(b._1807,_d._1891)._Johnston_was_born_in_Farmville,_Virginia,_and_graduated_from_West_Point_in_1829._After_serving_eight_years_in_the_artillery,_he_was_transferred_to_the_topographical_engineers._During_the_Mexican_War,_Johnston_won_two_promotions_and_was_wounded_twice._In_June_1860,_he_was_appointed_Quartermaster_General_of_the_U.S._Army_and_promoted_to_brigadier_general._But_when_Virginia_left_the_Union,_he_resigned_his_commission__the_highest-ranking_Army_officer_to_do_so__and_offered_his_services_to_the_Confederacy._Put_in_command_of_the_Army_of_the_Shenandoah_at_the_rank_of_major_general_Johnston_brought_his_army_to_combine_with_that_of_Gen._P.G.T._Beauregard_at_the_Battle_of_First_Bull_Run,_but_ceded_direction_of_the_battle_to_the_junior_general_since_he_was_unfamiliar_with_the_terrain._That_August,_Johnston_was_promoted_to_full_general,_but_he_was_not_pleased_that_three_others__Samuel_Cooper,_Albert_S._Johnston,_and_Robert_E._Lee__outranked_him,_when_he_had_been_the_senior_officer_to_leave_the_U.S._Army._This_led_to_bad_blood_between_Johnston_and_Pres._Jefferson_Davis_that_would_last_throughout_the_war._Placed_in_command_of_the_Army_of_Northern_Virginia,_Johnston_led_it_at_the_start_of_the_1862_Peninsula_Campaign,_employing_a_strategy_of_gradual_withdrawals_towards_Richmond_before_finally_attacking._This_battle,_the_Battle_of_Seven_Pines,_was_tactically_a_draw,_but_stopped_the_advance_on_the_city._More_significant,_however,_was_that_Johnston_was_severely_wounded_and_had_to_be_replaced._Lees_subsequent_successes_precluded_Johnstons_return_to_his_previous_command,_so_instead_he_was_given_a_position_coordinating_operations_in_the_western_theater._After_the_disastrous_loss_at_Chattanooga_in_November_1863,_Davis_reluctantly_relieved_his_old_friend_Gen._Braxton_Bragg_of_command_of_the_Army_of_Tennessee_and_replaced_him_with_Johnston._Faced_with_Gen._William_T._Shermans_advance_towards_Atlanta_in_the_spring_of_1864,_Johnston_reverted_to_his_strategy_of_withdrawal._He_conducted_a_series_of_actions_in_which_he_prepared_strong_defensive_positions,_only_to_see_Sherman_maneuver_around_them,_causing_him_to_fall_back_towards_Atlanta._Johnston_saw_the_preservation_of_his_army_as_the_most_important_consideration,_and_hence_conducted_a_very_cautious_campaign._He_handled_his_army_well,_slowing_the_Union_advance_and_inflicting_heavier_losses_than_he_sustained._On_June_27,_Johnston_defeated_Sherman_at_Kennesaw_Mountain,_but_the_defensive_victory_did_not_prevent_Sherman_from_continuing_his_offensive._Despite_the_victory,_Davis_became_irritated_by_Johnstons_strategy_and_removed_him_from_command_on_July_17._His_replacement,_Gen._John_B._Hood,_was_overly_aggressive_and_ineffective,_and_lost_Atlanta_in_September__making_Davis's_decision_to_remove_Johnston_was_one_of_the_most_controversial_of_the_war._As_the_people_became_increasingly_concerned_about_Shermans_March_to_the_Sea,_they_demanded_Johnston's_return._Appointed_to_command_what_was_left_of_Hoods_army_and_other_forces_in_the_Carolinas,_Johnston_on_March_19_was_able_to_catch_a_portion_of_Sherman's_army_by_surprise_in_the_Battle_of_Bentonville,_briefly_gaining_some_tactical_successes_before_superior_numbers_forced_him_to_retreat._After_learning_of_Lee's_surrender,_he_surrendered_his_army_to_Sherman_on_April_26,_1865,_near_Durham_Station,_N.C._Johnston,_like_Lee,_never_forgot_the_generosity_of_the_man_he_surrendered_to._When_Sherman_died,_Johnston_was_a_pallbearer_at_his_funeral,_keeping_his_hat_off_as_a_sign_of_respect_in_the_cold,_rainy_weather._Asked_to_put_on_his_hat_because_of_the_elements,_the_elderly_Johnston_replied,_If_I_were_in_his_place_and_he_standing_here_in_mine_he_would_not_put_on_his_hat._Johnston_caught_pneumonia_and_died_several_weeks_later,_and_was_buried_in_Greenwood_Cemetery,_in_Baltimore,_Mississippi._(Bio_by_Scott_Jennings)	_mex___wp_
587	Lee,_R.E.	Gen587.pcx	2	14	0	216	31	200	4	8	7	8	8	0	1	0	2	0	0	0	0	7	7	16	1	5	Gen._Robert_Edward_Lee_(b._1807,_d._1870)._The_son_of_Revolutionary_War_hero_Henry_Light-Horse_Harry_Lee_graduated_second_in_West_Points_class_of_1829,_the_only_cadet_without_a_single_demerit._He_first_saw_battle_in_the_Mexican_War,_earning_three_brevet_promotions._Between_the_wars,_served_in_several_posts,_including_superintendent_of_West_Point,_and_in_1859_captured_John_Brown_at_Harpers_Ferry._At_the_beginning_of_the_secession_crisis,_Lee_was_offered_command_of_the_U.S._Army_but_declined_because_his_loyalty_rested_with_Virginia,_which_was_leaving_the_Union._Instead,_Lee_resigned_his_commission_as_colonel_and_was_made_general_of_the_Virginia_state_forces_and,_in_August,_a_full_general_of_the_Confederate_army._His_first_military_operation_in_western_Virginia_that_September_was_a_failure_and_earned_him_the_nickname_Granny_Lee,_for_his_age_and_seeming_unwillingness_to_fight._Lees_chance_as_a_field_commander_came_when_Gen._Joseph_E._Johnston_was_wounded_in_the_Battle_of_Seven_Pines_on_May_31,_1862._Lee_took_command_of_the_Army_of_Northern_Virginia_and_beat_back_the_Union_in_the_Seven_Days_Battles._Lee_thought_that_the_outnumbered_Confederate_armies_had_to_take_great_risks_in_order_to_win_the_war;_he_always_tried_to_hold_the_initiative._His_strategy_was_either_to_reach_local_superiority_in_numbers_or_to_separate_his_forces,_with_one_part_holding_the_enemy_in_place_while_the_other_would_attack_the_enemys_flank_or_rear._The_latter_approach_worked_very_well_partly_because_of_his_gifted_corps_commanders,_Gen._Stonewall_Jackson_and_Gen._James_Longstreet,_with_whom_in_1862_and_1863_Lee_achieved_great_victories_at_Second_Manassas,_Fredericksburg_and__without_Longstreet__Chancellorsville._Lees_audacity_let_him_risk_separating_his_forces_during_the_Maryland_Campaign_as_well._When_his_lost_orders_fell_into_Union_hands_he_nevertheless_stayed_and_gave_battle_at_Antietam_on_September_17,_1862,_hoping_to_win_a_battle_on_Northern_soil._Officer_and_historian_Edward_P._Alexander_called_this_Lees_greatest_military_blunder,_as_the_best_possible_outcome_under_the_circumstances_was_a_draw._Thus_it_was,_and_the_Southerners_had_to_retreat_to_Virginia._Lee_was_not_at_his_best_during_the_second_invasion_of_the_North,_either:_at_Gettysburg_on_July_1-3,_1863,_he_let_Gen._A.P._Hill_start_a_battle,_although_Lee_had_given_orders_not_to_bring_on_a_major_engagement._Without_knowledge_of_the_enemy_position_and_force_Lee_stayed_and_fought_what_he_believed_at_first_was_only_the_isolated_vanguard_of_the_Army_of_the_Potomac__not_the_whole_army._After_the_repulse_of_Picketts_Charge_he_had_to_retreat_back_to_Virginia._The_following_year,_Lee_repeatedly_tried_to_strike_the_Army_of_the_Potomac_where_he_could_and_to_seize_the_initiative._But_Gen._Ulysses_S._Grant,_now_in_command_of_the_army_and_intent_on_causing_Lees_forces_maximum_damage_in_a_war_of_attrition,_kept_advancing._Lees_army_inflicted_high_casualties_on_the_enemy_in_the_Wilderness,_at_Spotsylvania_Court_House_and_Cold_Harbor_in_May-June_1864._However,_it_suffered_significant_losses_as_well,_and_the_South_did_not_have_the_manpower_to_replace_these._Lees_army_fell_back_into_the_entrenchments_at_Petersburg,_and_after_his_attempt_to_relieve_the_siege_by_threatening_Washington_failed,_it_was_only_a_matter_of_time_before_Lee,_appointed_general-in-chief_of_all_Confederate_forces_in_January_1865,_had_to_give_up_Petersburg_and_subsequently_Richmond._After_the_Battle_of_Five_Forks_on_April_1,_Lee_withdrew_even_farther,_hoping_to_join_up_with_Johnstons_forces_in_North_Carolina,_but_his_army_was_cut_off_from_retreat,_forcing_Lee_to_surrender_to_Grant_at_Appomattox_Court_House_on_April_9._After_the_war_Lee_became_president_of_Washington_College_(now_Washington_&_Lee_University)_in_Lexington,_where_he_was_buried_after_his_death_from_a_stroke_on_October_12,_1870._(Bio_by_Joern_Kaesebier)	cav_mex___2nd_inclasswptop10_
599	Longstreet,_J.	Gen599.pcx	2	0	0	78	1	200	1	7	7	6	7	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	19	7	7	20	25	Lt._Gen._James_Old_Pete_Longstreet_(b._1821,_d._1904)._Destined_to_become_one_of_the_Unions_greatest_foes,_Longstreet,_who_was_born_in_South_Carolina_and_raised_in_Georgia,_graduated_from_West_Point_in_1842_nearly_last_in_his_class._While_there,_he_became_friends_with_Ulysses_S._Grant,_who_would_later_marry_his_cousin_and_make_him_best_man._In_Mexico,_Longstreet_won_two_brevets_and_was_wounded_once;_afterwards,_he_served_on_the_frontier_until_resigning_on_June_1,_1861_to_join_the_Confederacy._Commissioned_a_brigadier_general_effective_July_1,_1861,_Longstreet_reported_to_Gen._P.G.T._Beauregards_Army_of_the_Potomac_at_Manassas,_Virginia._On_July_18,_three_days_before_First_Manassas,_Longstreets_brigade_repulsed_an_attack_at_Blackburns_Ford,_but_it_saw_little_action_in_the_battle_itself._On_October_7,_he_received_promotion_to_major_general,_and_gained_command_of_a_division_in_what_would_be_Gen._Joseph_E._Johnstons_Army_of_Northern_Virginia._During_the_Peninsula_Campaign_of_spring_1862,_Longstreet_handled_the_fighting_at_Williamsburg_well,_but_performed_poorly_at_Seven_Pines,_the_battle_in_which_Johnston_was_wounded._Gen._Robert_E._Lee_took_over_army_command_and_Longstreet_soon_became_his_most_trusted_lieutenant._During_the_Seven_Days_Campaign_of_June_25-July_1,_Longstreet_first_showed_his_ability_to_direct_large_bodies_of_troops._At_Second_Manassas_two_months_later_his_counterattack_on_the_second_day_almost_destroyed_Gen._John_Popes_army,_and_at_Antietam_he_won_additional_renown_for_stubborn_fighting,_leading_Lee_to_refer_to_him_as_his_old_war_horse._On_October_9,_1862,_Longstreet_was_promoted_to_lieutenant_general_and_a_month_later_given_command_of_the_I_Corps._At_Fredericksburg_that_December,_Longstreet_supervised_the_fighting_on_the_left_wing,_including_Maryes_Heights._Operating_with_part_of_his_corps_at_Suffolk,_he_did_not_rejoin_Lee_until_after_the_Battle_of_Chancellorsville_in_May_1863._As_they_debated_strategies,_Longstreet,_who_thought_the_western_theater_the_key_to_victory,_favored_an_offensive_in_Tennessee,_while_Lee_preferred_to_invade_Pennsylvania,_setting_the_stage_for_Gettysburg._On_the_battles_first_day,_Longstreet_suggested_that_Lee_shift_the_II_Corps_so_as_to_come_between_the_Union_army_and_Washington,_D.C.,_forcing_an_attack._Lee,_having_been_successful_so_far,_decided_to_continue_his_own_attack_and_ordered_Longstreet_to_turn_the_Union_right,_but_the_attempt_failed_after_heavy_fighting._On_the_third_day,_again_under_pressure_from_Lee,_Longstreet_ordered_Picketts_Charge,_a_disaster_from_which_the_army_never_recovered._In_September,_Longstreet_was_finally_sent_west,_arriving_just_in_time_to_command_the_left_wing_under_Gen._Braxton_Bragg_at_Chickamauga_and_crush_the_Union_right._While_the_Union_army_was_besieged_in_Chattanooga,_Longstreet_quarreled_with_Bragg_and_was_detached_for_the_capture_of_Knoxville._The_operation_failed_and_Longstreets_corps_rejoined_Lees_army_in_spring_1864._While_fighting_in_the_Wilderness,_Longstreet_led_his_men_in_a_promising_assault_but_was_seriously_wounded_by_friendly_fire._Returning_to_duty_in_October,_he_commanded_on_the_north_side_of_the_James_River_for_most_of_the_Siege_of_Petersburg,_and_ultimately_surrendered_at_Appomattox_Court_House_with_Lee_the_following_April._After_the_war,_Longstreet_engaged_in_business_at_New_Orleans,_and_during_Grants_presidency_his_old_friend_appointed_him_to_various_posts_there,_and_also_made_him_minister_to_Turkey._By_becoming_a_Republican,_Longstreet_alienated_many_Southerners,_and_after_Lees_death_in_1870_former_comrades_began_a_campaign_of_scapegoating_Longstreet_for_Confederate_defeats._He_defended_himself_in_writings_and_lectures_until_his_death_on_January_2,_1904,_but_it_took_almost_a_century_until_he_regained_the_reputation_as_one_of_the_wars_best_tacticians_and_corps_commanders._(Bio_by_Murat,_with_Joern_Kaesebier)	_mex___top10wp_
661	McClellan,_G.B.	Gen661.pcx	1	0	44	84	24	200	4	7	3	1	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	16	24	7	Maj._Gen._George_Brinton_McClellan_(b._1826,_d._1885)._Perhaps_the_most_controversial_figure_of_the_Civil_War,_McClellans_great_gifts_and_failings_would_lead_even_Ulysses_S._Grant_to_consider_him_one_of_the_mysteries_of_the_war._As_a_general,_he_was_supposed_to_end_the_war_quickly;_as_a_politician,_he_tried_to_end_it_by_running_against_Pres._Abraham_Lincoln._He_failed_on_both_accounts._McClellan_was_born_in_Philadelphia_on_Dec._3,_1826._One_of_the_standouts_of_West_Points_Class_of_1842_(2nd_out_of_59),_McClellan_was_a_rising_star_in_the_army,_earning_praise_for_his_service_in_Mexico_as_an_engineer,_serving_as_a_military_observer_in_the_Crimean_War,_and_even_inventing_the_armys_standard_saddle._In_1857,_he_left_the_army_to_work_in_the_railroad_industry._Reentering_the_Regular_Army_on_May_3,_1861_as_commander_of_the_Department_of_the_Ohio,_McClellan_had_secured_western_Virginia_by_mid-July._In_the_aftermath_of_the_calamity_at_Manassas,_the_hero_McClellan_was_summoned_to_the_capital,_where_as_the_second-ranking_major_general__and_later,_beginning_on_Nov._1,_new_General-in-Chief__he_would_be_tasked_with_reorganizing_Union_forces._Over_several_months,_McClellan_created_the_formidable_Army_of_the_Potomac_and_prepared_it_for_battle._However,_the_talented_McClellan_could_not_succeed_where_it_counted_most:_on_the_battlefield._Urged_by_Lincoln_to_go_on_the_offensive,_he_launched_his_Peninsular_Campaign_in_March_1862_by_landing_121,500_troops_on_the_Virginia_Peninsula_for_an_advance_on_Richmond__a_campaign_that_would_be_remembered_as_magnificent_in_conception_but_undistinguished_in_execution_(Ezra_Warner,_Generals_in_Blue)._At_crucial_points,_his_cautious_nature_led_him_to_greatly_overestimated_the_number_of_troops_opposing_him_and_to_fail_to_capitalize_on_various_opportunities._Beaten_back_from_Richmond_during_the_Seven_Days_Battles_of_June_25-July_1,_he_was_ordered_to_return_with_his_army_to_Washington,_D.C._Ignoring_McClellans_claims_that_the_War_Department_had_failed_to_support_his_efforts,_Lincoln,_who_was_tired_of_his_arrogance,_insubordination,_and_lack_of_aggression,_reassigned_most_of_his_men_to_Gen._John_Popes_Army_of_Virginia,_and_on_July_23_replaced_him_as_General-in-Chief._But_after_Popes_tactics_failed_and_led_to_disaster_at_2nd_Bull_Run_on_Aug._29-30,_McClellan_was_once_again_(reluctantly)_called_in_to_restore_order_in_the_army._When_Lee_moved_into_Maryland,_McClellan_brought_his_force_to_Frederick_to_protect_Washington._Despite_a_great_stroke_of_fortune_when_the_Lost_Order,_a_copy_of_Lees_operational_plans,_was_discovered,_McClellan_again_acted_cautiously,_and_though_on_Sept._17_he_won_the_Battle_of_Antietam,_he_missed_the_chance_to_crush_his_retreating_foe._Meanwhile,_the_rift_between_McClellan_and_certain_members_of_the_government_was_growing._Politically,_McClellan_differed_from_the_Radical_Republicans._He_believed_the_planter_elite_had_forced_secession_on_the_South,_and_repeatedly_warned_against_turning_the_war_into_a_crusade_against_slavery,_as_Lincoln_had_done._Finally,_on_Nov._5,_McClellan_was_ordered_to_relinquish_command_and_return_home_to_await_further_orders,_which_never_came._Still_very_popular,_McClellan__Young_Napoleon_to_his_admirers__became_the_Democrats_presidential_candidate_in_1864,_challenging_Lincoln._His_platform_of_peace_at_any_price_made_him_the_favorite_candidate_of_southern_onlookers_as_well_as_Peace_Democrats_and_his_campaign_benefited_from_war_fatigue,_but_in_September_the_fall_of_Atlanta_and_success_in_the_Shenandoah_Valley_restored_hopes_of_a_Union_victory._On_election_day,_McClellan_cast_his_vote_and_resigned_from_the_Army._He_won_three_states,_but_Lincoln_retained_the_presidency._McClellan_was_more_successful_in_state_politics,_becoming_governor_of_New_Jersey_from_1878-81._He_died_Oct._29,_1885,_in_Orange,_N.J._and_was_buried_in_Trenton._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_mex_engin__dismissed_
815	Beauregard,_P.G.T.	Gen815.pcx	2	0	0	78	12	200	4	5	5	5	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	7	-1	7	0	0	Gen._Pierre_Gustave_Toutant_de_Beauregard_(b._1818,_d._1893)._Beauregard,_who_usually_omitted_his_first_name_and_thus_went_by_the_initials_G.T.,_was_born_at_the_Contreras_plantation_outside_New_Orleans._He_attended_New_Orleans_schools,_had_further_schooling_in_New_York_City,_and_ultimately_graduated_from_West_Point_in_1838._During_the_Mexican_War,_he_served_as_an_engineer_under_Gen._Winfield_Scott_and_received_brevets_to_captain_and_then_major_for_his_conduct_in_the_battles_of_Contreras,_Churubusco_and_Chapultepec,_where_he_was_wounded_in_the_shoulder_and_thigh._Frustrated_by_a_lack_of_opportunities_to_advance_after_the_war,_Beauregard_returned_to_New_Orleans,_serving_as_superintendent_engineer_of_U.S._Customs_installations_from_1853_to_1860_and_being_narrowly_defeated_in_the_mayoral_election_of_1858._Appointed_superintendent_of_West_Point_on_January_23,_1861,_he_resigned_after_only_five_days_when_Louisiana_seceded._Beauregard_entered_the_Confederate_Army_as_a_brigadier_general_on_March_1;_on_August_31,_he_would_be_promoted_to_full_general,_his_date_of_rank_making_him_the_fifth_most_senior_of_the_eight_men_who_would_hold_that_rank._His_first_assignment_from_the_new_government_was_to_command_the_forces_in_Charleston,_where_on_April_12_he_opened_fire_on_the_Federal_garrison_in_Fort_Sumter,_initiating_the_Civil_War._Three_months_later,_on_July_21,_1861,_the_widely_hailed_Hero_of_Sumter_and_Gen._Joseph_E._Johnston_led_their_combined_forces_to_victory_in_the_wars_first_major_battle,_First_Bull_Run._Transferred_to_the_western_theater_that_January_and_put_under_the_command_of_Gen._Albert_S._Johnston,_Beauregard_assumed_command_of_Confederate_forces_at_Shiloh_when_Johnston_was_killed_on_April_6,_the_first_day_of_battle._Although_poised_for_a_great_victory_by_dusk,_Beauregard_called_off_the_attack_prematurely,_and_was_forced_to_retreat_the_next_day_after_Gen._Ulysses_S._Grant_received_reinforcements_and_counterattacked._Beauregard_later_was_forced_to_abandon_his_base_of_supplies_at_Corinth,_Mississippi._Having_permanently_fallen_out_of_favor_with_Pres._Jefferson_Davis,_he_relinquished_command_of_the_Army_of_Mississippi_to_Gen._Braxton_Bragg,_the_presidents_friend._Finally_reassigned_by_Davis,_Beauregard_headed_to_Charleston_to_command_coastal_defenses_in_the_area,_using_innovative_techniques_to_protect_the_harbor_from_repeated_attacks._In_April_1864,_Beauregard_was_assigned_to_the_Department_of_North_Carolina,_which_stretched_up_to_Virginias_James_River__an_area_that_was_about_to_come_under_attack_in_support_of_Grants_Overland_Campaign._On_May_5,_the_landing_of_Gen._Benjamin_Butlers_Army_of_the_James_touched_off_two_weeks_of_fighting_in_the_Bermuda_Hundred_Campaign,_and_Beauregard_successfully_checked_the_incursion_and_saved_nearby_Richmond._A_month_later,_he_achieved_victory_in_the_Second_Battle_of_Petersburg_by_successfully_gambling_that_if_he_reinforced_his_outnumbered_force_with_men_from_Bermuda_Hundred,_Butler_would_fail_to_capitalize_on_the_opening_before_further_reinforcements_arrived._Later_that_year,_with_Petersburg_under_siege,_Beauregard_was_removed_from_the_Virginia_theater_because_he_had_once_again_irritated_Davis._Sent_to_Georgia_after_Atlanta_had_already_fallen,_and_forbidden_by_Davis_to_command_forces_in_the_field,_Beauregard_had_little_to_do_other_than_oversee_evacuations_as_Gen._William_T._Sherman_advanced_through_Georgia_and_the_Carolinas._After_the_war,_Beauregard_worked_in_both_the_public_and_private_sectors,_and_also_wrote_war_memoirs_designed_to_vindicate_his_actions._In_1872,_he_was_especially_active_in_supporting_the_Reform_Party,_which_attempted_to_give_freed_slaves_voting_rights_and_political_influence_in_order_to_lure_them_away_from_the_Republicans._Beauregard_died_in_New_Orleans_on_February_18,_1893_and_is_interred_in_the_tomb_of_the_Army_of_Tennessee_in_the_historic_Metairie_Cemetery.	_mex___wp_
858	Sheridan,_P.H.	Gen858.pcx	1	40	0	215	16	200	1	7	6	7	7	8	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3	21	15	4	17	nobio	cav____medal_of_honor_
861	Sherman,_W.T.	Gen861.pcx	1	14	0	88	24	200	1	7	6	7	7	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	17	17	5	11	6	Maj._Gen._William_Tecumseh_Sherman_(b._1820,_d._1891)._Born_in_Lancaster,_Ohio_on_Feb._8,_1920,_Sherman_graduated_from_West_Point_in_1840,_serving_in_the_2nd_Seminole_War_but_missing_the_Mexican_War._Thanks_to_friends_P.G.T._Beauregard_and_Braxton_Bragg,_in_1859_he_became_the_first_superintendent_of_the_Louisiana_State_Military_Academy_(now_L.S.U.)._Upon_being_asked_to_accept_arms_surrendered_by_the_U.S._Arsenal_at_Baton_Rouge_in_Jan._1861,_Sherman_resigned_and_headed_to_St._Louis,_telling_the_governor_he_would_not_act_against_the_Union._When_the_Civil_War_broke_out,_his_younger_brother_John,_a_U.S._Senator_from_Ohio,_wrangled_him_a_colonels_commission._Wounded_twice_at_First_Bull_Run_and_distinguishing_himself_while_commanding_a_brigade,_Sherman_was_made_a_brigadier_general_(to_rank_from_May_17),_and_sent_to_eastern_Kentucky._His_erratic_performance_and_predictions_of_military_disaster_soon_led_him_to_be_reassigned_to_serve_in_Missouri_under_Gen._Henry_W._Halleck,_who_sent_the_despondent_Sherman_home_for_a_much-needed_leave._Returning_to_duty_that_winter,_Sherman_supported_Gen._Ulysses_S._Grants_actions_at_Fort_Henry_and_Fort_Donelson_before_commanding_a_division_under_Grant_at_Shiloh_in_April_1862._Sherman_received_the_opening,_overwhelming_attack_from_the_enemy,_but_managed_an_orderly_withdrawal_to_new_positions,_averting_a_rout._The_following_day_saw_Sherman_wounded_twice,_but_successfully_counterattacking_and_routing_the_Confederate_Left._Grant_gained_command_of_the_Western_Theater_after_Shiloh_and_for_the_next_two_years_Sherman_commanded_forces_under_him,_participating_in_Grants_drives_on_Vicksburg_and_Chattanooga_in_1863._When_Pres._Abraham_Lincoln_appointed_Grant_general-in-chief_in_March_1864,_Grant_turned_the_theater_over_to_the_newly_promoted_Maj._Gen._Sherman,_devising_a_plan_that_would_employ_the_doctrine_of_total_war_in_both_theaters:_just_as_Grant_would_engage_in_a_war_of_attrition_and_constant_engagement_against_Gen._Robert_E._Lees_army_and_destroy_its_economic_base_while_targeting_Richmond,_Sherman_would_do_the_same_against_Gen._Joseph_E._Johnstons_Army_of_Tennessee_and_the_economic_infrastructure_supporting_it_while_driving_for_Atlanta._In_the_hope_of_drawing_Sherman_into_battle,_Johnstons_replacement,_Gen._John_B._Hood,_abandoned_Atlanta_on_Sept._1__and_unintentionally_gave_Lincolns_reelection_campaign_a_major_boost._Dispatching_Gen._George_H._Thomas_to_deal_with_Hood,_Sherman_divided_the_rest_of_his_army_into_four_flying_columns_and_proceeded_to_destroy_the_enemys_ability_to_wage_war_by_cutting_a_60-mile-wide_swath_of_destruction_from_Atlanta_to_Savannah__the_famous_March_to_the_Sea._He_then_turned_on_South_Carolina_with_the_goal_of_extinguishing_the_flame_of_rebellion_from_the_first_state_to_secede,_burning_the_state_capital,_Columbia,_and_earning_lasting_vilification_among_many_southerners._Johnston,_back_in_command,_sought_to_use_his_battered_forces_to_prevent_Sherman_from_reaching_Richmond._Grant_did_so_instead_and_forced_Lee_to_surrender_on_April_9,_1865._This_led_Johnston_to_surrender_to_Sherman_at_Durham_Station,_N.C.,_on_April_26._After_the_war,_Sherman_twice_succeeded_Grant:_on_July_25,_1866,_Congress_created_the_rank_of_General_of_the_Army_for_Grant_and_promoted_Sherman_to_lieutenant_general,_and_when_Grant_became_President_in_1869,_Sherman_became_General_of_the_Army,_retiring_in_1883._It_was_the_great_misfortune_of_the_Native_American_tribes_that_Sherman_would_be_their_opponent,_for_he_continued_his_philosophy_of_total_war,_burning_their_camps_and_wiping_out_the_bison._Offered_the_presidential_nomination_in_1884,_Sherman_famously_stated,_If_nominated_I_will_not_run;_if_elected_I_will_not_serve._He_died_in_New_York_City_on_Feb._14,_1891,_and_was_buried_in_St._Louis._Among_his_pallbearers_was_Johnston,_who_contracted_pneumonia_in_the_cold_rain_and_died_a_month_later._(Bio_by_Murat)	art_mex___wp_
911	Pickett,_G.E.	Gen911.pcx	2	24	0	216	31	200	1	5	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	23	13	2	0	0	Maj._Gen._George_Edward_Pickett_(b._1825,_d._1875)._Pickett,_a_native_of_Richmond,_was_the_goat_of_the_West_Point_class_of_1846_(a_title_earned_by_being_ranked_last)._Despite_his_poor_academic_showing,_he_distinguished_himself_in_combat_at_Contreras_and_Churubusco_during_the_Mexican-American_War,_and_made_his_reputation_by_being_the_first_over_the_parapets_of_Chapultepec_on_Sept._13,_1847._In_1859_while_serving_as_a_captain_in_Washington_Territory,_he_occupied_San_Juan_Island,_a_British_territory,_during_the_little-known_incident_known_as_the_Pig_War._Precipitated_by_an_American_farmers_killing_of_a_pig_that_was_rooting_up_his_garden__and_turned_out_to_be_property_of_an_Irishman_working_for_the_Hudsons_Bay_Company__an_international_incident_soon_erupted_when_Pickett_was_sent_by_the_commander_of_the_Department_of_Oregon_to_occupy_the_island_and_prevent_the_British_from_landing_there._In_response_to_a_British_demand_he_vacate_he_replied_I_am_here_by_virtue_of_an_order_from_my_government,_and_shall_remain_till_recalled_by_the_same_authority._Since_both_sides_were_under_strict_orders_to_defend_themselves_but_not_to_initiate_hostilities,_and_neither_sides_insults_were_effective_enough_to_goad_the_other_to_fire_first,_the_only_casualty_of_the_Pig_War_ended_up_being_the_pig,_and_the_crisis_was_ultimately_resolved_in_1872_when_a_commission_appointed_by_Kaiser_Wilhelm_I_decided_in_favor_of_the_United_States_and_joint_occupation_of_San_Juan_Island_ended.__For_his_performance_in_the_Pig_War,_Pickett_gained_national_attention_once_again._Pickett_resigned_his_U.S._Army_commission_in_June_1861,_and_was_commissioned_a_Colonel_in_the_Confederate_army._He_was_promoted_to_Brigadier_General_in_January_1862,_for_his_first_military_command_was_put_in_charge_of_the_Gamecock_Brigade_during_the_Peninsula_Campaign._Having_been_wounded_in_the_Battle_of_Gaines_Mill,_Pickett_did_not_return_to_action_until_September,_but_did_not_see_much_action_until_the_Battle_of_Fredericksburg_that_December,_when_his_division_was_at_the_center_of_the_Confederate_line._During_this_period_he_was_promoted_to_Major_General_on_October_10,_1862,_and_given_command_of_a_division_under_Gen._James_Longstreet,_with_whom_he_had_served_in_Mexico._Pickett_is_most_remembered_for_his_actions_at_the_Battle_of_Gettysburg_on_the_third_day_(July_3,_1863),_when_his_fresh_division_of_4,500_Virginians_and_two_other_divisions,_amounting_to_12,500_men,_took_part_in_the_disastrous_attack_on_the_Union_center_on_the_third_day_of_the_battle_which_became_famous_as_Pickett's_Charge._The_charge,_ordered_by_Gen._Robert_E._Lee_despite_the_objections_of_Longstreet,_suffered_from_multiple_problems_at_various_stages_of_its_planning_and_execution,_and_the_end_result_was_that_the_Confederates_suffered_more_than_50%_casualties_and_few_even_reached_the_wall_that_was_their_destination._Neither_Pickett,_who_resented_having_the_charge_linked_to_his_name,_nor_the_Confederacy_ever_recovered_from_the_setback._His_military_career_ended_shortly_before_the_war_did_when,_playing_an_important_role_in_the_defense_of_Richmond,_Pickett_was_defeated_in_the_Battle_of_Five_Forks_on_April_1,_1865,_in_part_because_when_the_battle_began_he_was_away_at_a_shad_bake._He_was_relieved_from_duty_by_Lee_on_the_day_before_the_surrender_at_Appomattox_Court_House._Confederate_raider_John_Mosby_later_wrote_of_an_encounter_he_and_Pickett_had_with_Lee_in_Richmond_after_the_war._Upon_leaving_Lee's_presence,_Pickett_spoke_bitterly_of_Lee_to_Mosby_saying,_That_old_man_had_my_division_massacred_at_Gettysburg._Mosby_replied,_Well,_it_made_you_immortal._Picketts_life_was_marked_by_personal_tragedies_as_well:_he_lost_a_wife_and_child_while_serving_in_Texas,_and_his_second_wife_died_in_childbirth._Pickett_died_on_July_30th,_1875_in_Norfolk_and_is_buried_in_Richmonds_Hollywood_Cemetery._(Bio_by_Scott_Jennings)	_mex___wp_
978	Stuart,_J.E.B.	Gen978.pcx	2	17	0	216	31	200	1	7	7	7	7	8	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	3	4	11	13	2	nobio	cav____top10wp_
995	Van_Dorn,_E.	Gen995.pcx	2	0	0	47	18	200	2	4	3	6	4	5	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	3	25	2	0	0	Maj._Gen._Earl_Van_Dorn_(b._1820,_d._1863)._Van_Dorn_held_commands_in_three_different_theaters_during_his_brief_Confederate_service_period._Born_at_Port_Gibson,_Mississippi,_on_Sept._17,_1820,_he_attended_the_U.S._Military_Academy_at_West_Point,_graduating_with_the_Class_of_1842._His_class_rank_was_52nd_in_a_class_of_56_graduates__good_enough_to_finish_two_spots_above_James_Longstreet._Van_Dorns_first_military_action_after_graduation_came_during_campaigns_against_Indians._Fighting_in_the_Mexican_War,_Van_Dorn_earned_brevets_to_Captain_and_Major_for_his_gallantry._At_Fort_Brown,_he_made_a_heroic_dash_to_re-hoist_the_U.S._flag,_which_had_been_shot_down._He_was_wounded_in_the_foot_during_the_Battle_of_Mexico_City._By_1861,_he_held_the_regular_rank_of_Major_in_the_Second_U.S._Cavalry_while_fighting_Indians_in_the_West._He_was_twice_wounded_by_arrows_during_the_Wichita_Expedition,_being_hit_in_the_wrist_and_ribs._At_the_outbreak_of_the_Civil_War,_that_unit_was_commanded_by_Col._Albert_S._Johnston._Robert_E._Lee_served_as_Lieutenant_Colonel_and_Van_Dorn_was_a_Major,_as_was_with_George_H._Thomas._After_Van_Dorn_resigned_his_commission_Jan._31,_1861,_Edmund_Kirby_Smith_moved_into_his_former_place_until_he_also_resigned._Van_Dorn_entered_Confederate_service_as_a_Colonel_and_was_promoted_to_Brigadier_General_on_June_5._His_first_Confederate_assignment_was_in_Texas,_where_he_accepted_the_surrender_of_some_Union_forces,_including_the_steamer_Star_of_the_West,_which_had_been_at_Fort_Sumter._This_ship_was_the_first_Confederate_naval_prize._His_early_success_brought_a_promotion_to_Major_General_on_Sept._19,_1861._His_new_rank_earned_him_an_assignment_back_in_Virginia,_where_he_led_a_division_from_Oct._4_until_Jan._10,_1862,_when_he_was_sent_west_to_take_command_of_the_Army_of_the_West_in_the_Trans-Mississippi_theater._Working_with_Gens._Ben_McCullouch_and_Sterling_Price,_he_launched_an_attack_at_Elkhorn_Tavern_(Pea_Ridge)_in_March,_1862._After_that_defeat,_he_was_transferred_to_the_Army_of_Mississippi,_which_was_headquartered_at_Vicksburg._Just_missing_out_on_the_Battle_of_Shiloh,_he_led_his_units_against_Gen._William_S._Rosecrans_in_the_Battle_of_Corinth,_but_once_again_came_out_on_the_losing_end._He_defended_Vicksburg_during_the_summer_of_1862,_but_was_unable_to_retake_Baton_Rouge._After_another_loss_while_trying_to_retake_Corinth,_he_was_replaced_by_Gen._John_C._Pemberton_and_placed_in_charge_of_the_armys_cavalry._His_units_destroyed_Gen._Ulysses_S._Grants_supply_depots_at_Holly_Springs,_Mississippi,_in_December,_1862,_causing_a_delay_for_Federal_actions_against_Vicksburg._That_was_his_most_notable_victory._On_the_field,_Van_Dorns_units_carried_versions_of_a_battle_flag_he_designed._While_at_his_headquarters_in_Spring_Hill,_Tenn.,_May_7,_1863,_Van_Dorn_was_shot_and_killed_by_Dr._George_B._Peters,_who_justified_his_act_by_saying_Van_Dorn_had_violated_the_sanctity_of_his_home._That_defense_earned_Peters_acquittal_in_his_Confederate_trial._Word_was_that_the_general_had_paid_too_much_attention_to_the_doctors_young_wife,_Jessica._Van_Dorns_troops_called_the_act_cold-blooded_murder_for_gain._The_murder_of_Van_Dorn_was_addressed_in_the_1902_book_written_by_his_sister,_A_Soldiers_Honor._The_book_stated_the_reason_for_the_murder_was_to_eliminate_a_Confederate_general._Dr._Peters_divorced_his_wife,_but_they_later_reunited_and_moved_to_Arkansas,_where_the_doctor_received_a_land_grant._Another_biography_is_1999s_The_Tarnished_Cavalier_by_Arthur_B._Carter,_which_reveals_more_information_about_Van_Dorns_fatal_flaw,_womanizing._Van_Dorn_originally_was_buried_in_Alabama,_since_his_native_Port_Gibson_was_under_Federal_control._His_body_was_finally_removed_to_Wintergreen_Cemetery_in_Port_Hudson_in_November_1899._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	cav_mex___wp_
143	Ewell,_R.S.	Gen143.pcx	2	0	0	78	31	200	1	4	4	3	5	4	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	6	10	20	0	Lt._Gen._Richard_Stoddert_Ewell_(b._1817,_d._1872)._Gen._D.H._Hill_called_Ewell_the_right_arm_of_Stonewall_Jackson,_but_after_his_corps_commanders_death_Ewell_could_not_match_the_high_expectations_for_him,_and_his_record_as_corps_commander_fell_short_of_his_record_as_division_commander._A_Virginian,_Ewell_had_graduated_from_West_Point_in_1840,_together_with_future_Union_generals_William_T._Sherman_and_George_H._Thomas._He_served_with_the_1st_U.S._Dragoons_in_the_Mexican-American_War_and_on_the_frontier,_gaining_repute_as_an_Indian_fighter._Devoted_to_the_U.S._Army,_Ewell_did_not_resign_his_commission_as_captain_until_Virginia_had_seceded,_whereupon_he_became_a_cavalry_instructor_of_Virginian_forces._He_was_soon_sent_to_Fairfax_Court_House,_where_he_was_wounded_in_a_skirmish_with_Union_cavalry_in_May_1861__the_first_Confederate_field_officer_to_be_wounded_in_the_war._In_June,_he_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general_and_commanded_a_brigade_on_the_right_wing_at_First_Bull_Run,_but_since_Gen._P.G.T._Beauregard_forgot_to_send_orders_to_advance,_Ewells_men_did_not_participate_in_the_fighting._Ewell_was_promoted_to_major_general_in_January_1862,_having_made_a_great_impression_on_Gen._Joseph_E._Johnston._When_Johnston_moved_south_to_confront_the_Army_of_the_Potomac_on_the_Peninsula,_Ewells_division_stayed_behind_to_support_Confederate_forces_at_Fredericksburg_or_in_the_Shenandoah_Valley,_where_Gen._Stonewall_Jackson_had_started_his_campaign._At_first_the_relationship_between_Ewell_and_Jackson_was_strained_by_the_latters_secrecy_and_frequent_references_to_Providence,_but_soon_they_respected_each_other_and_formed_a_formidable_team,_leading_Ewell_to_remark_that_Jackson_could_do_the_praying_and_he_could_do_the_swearing,_and_that_the_two_together_could_whip_the_devil._And_so_they_did,_whipping_the_Union_forces_at_Front_Royal,_Winchester,_Harrisonburg,_Cross_Keys_and_Port_Republic_in_May-June_1862._During_the_Seven_Days_Battles,_Ewell_fought_well_and_his_division_was_in_the_lead_during_Jacksons_move_in_Gen._John_Popes_rear._On_August_28,_shortly_before_the_Battle_of_Second_Bull_Run,_Ewell_was_wounded_in_the_fighting_at_Groveton._He_was_taken_to_Richmond,_where_his_left_leg_was_amputated._Ewell_did_not_recover_until_the_summer_of_1863,_by_which_time_Jackson_was_dead._When_Gen._Robert_E._Lee_reorganized_the_Army_of_Northern_Virginia_for_the_invasion_of_Pennsylvania,_Ewell_became_commander_of_Jacksons_old_corps_and_was_promoted_to_lieutenant_general,_effective_May_23._Off_to_a_good_start_in_his_new_command,_Ewell_won_the_Battle_of_Second_Winchester_and_gathered_supplies_during_the_raid_into_Pennsylvania._But_when_his_corps_was_recalled_to_Gettysburg,_he_performed_badly_in_the_battle:_since_he_failed_to_control_his_subordinates_closely,_Ewells_troops_took_neither_Culps_Hill_nor_Cemetery_Hill;_and,_when_Gen._Jubal_A._Early_persuaded_Ewell_not_to_shift_his_corps_from_the_left_to_the_right,_it_became_almost_useless_for_the_rest_of_the_battle._Ewell_performed_better_in_the_Wilderness_Campaign_of_May_1864_and_at_Spotsylvania_Court_House_in_particular,_although_despite_fighting_back_several_attacks_thousands_of_his_men_were_captured_at_the_Mule_Shoe._Lee_afterwards_tried_to_get_Ewell_transferred_from_the_army,_using_his_lingering_bad_health_from_a_fall_off_his_horse_in_the_Wilderness_as_an_excuse._At_first_Ewell_resisted,_but_finally_accepted_command_of_Richmonds_defenses,_saving_the_city_from_the_Army_of_the_James_with_mostly_third-rate_troops_in_September_1864._After_the_abandonment_of_the_Confederate_capital,_Ewell_tried_to_join_up_with_Lee_but_was_surrounded_and_captured_at_Saylers_Creek_on_April_6,_1865,_becoming_the_highest_ranking_army_officer_to_be_held_prisoner_of_war._Released_after_three_months,_Ewell_managed_his_wifes_vast_property_in_Tennessee_until_they_both_died_from_influenza_in_1872._(Bio_by_Joern_Kaesebier)	_mex___wp_
545	Hood,_J.B.	Gen545.pcx	2	27	0	216	29	200	1	6	6	6	5	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	3	2	13	11	0	nobio	cav____top10wpworst_
59	Buford,_J.	Gen59.pcx	1	36	0	215	7	200	1	6	6	6	7	6	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	6	11	9	2	0	nobio	cavalry____wp_
67	Butler,_B.F.	Gen67.pcx	1	0	0	80	15	200	4	3	2	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	12	0	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._Benjamin_Franklin_Butler_(b._1818,_d._1893)._Butler_was_born_in_Deerfield,_New_Hampshire,_on_November_5,_1818._His_father_had_been_a_captain_of_dragoons,_ironically_seeing_service_at_the_Battle_of_New_Orleans._There_is_some_evidence_that_his_father_was_a_pirate,_but_he_was_certainly_a_privateer,_and_left_his_family_destitute_after_dying_of_yellow_fever._Butler_was_raised_by_his_mother,_who_owned_a_boarding_house_in_Lowell,_Massachusetts._As_a_boy_he_dreamed_of_a_military_career;_his_mother_was_determined_her_son_would_become_a_minister._Butler_wished_to_attend_West_Point,_but_at_his_mothers_insistence_he_attended_Colby_College_and_graduated_in_1838._He_studied_law_and_passed_the_Massachusetts_bar_in_1840,_and_in_1845_was_admitted_to_practice_before_the_U.S._Supreme_Court._As_an_attorney_he_secured_legal_title_to_the_gold_rush_lands_for_the_owners_of_Sutters_Mill._Though_a_Democrat,_Butler_was_an_elected_militia_brigadier-general_in_Massachusetts,_and_quickly_moved_his_command_south_following_the_opening_of_hostilities_at_Fort_Sumter._With_the_nations_capital_nearly_isolated,_he_landed_at_Annapolis_and_marched_to_Washington,_rebuilding_the_railroad_along_the_way._After_pacifying_Baltimore,_Pres._Abraham_Lincoln_made_Butler_the_first_Major_General_of_volunteers,_effective_May_16,_1861._Butler,_the_senior_general_officer_of_the_volunteer_forces,_was_assigned_to_command_Fort_Monroe_in_Hampton,_Virginia._On_June_10_he_launched_the_first_offensive_action_of_the_war,_known_as_the_Battle_of_Big_Bethel,_but_his_troops_were_repulsed,_and_took_79_casualties_to_the_eight_suffered_by_the_Confederacy_(1_killed,_7_wounded)._While_in_command_of_Fort_Monroe,_Butler_famously_established_the_policy,_adopted_by_the_whole_Union_Army,_of_legally_defining_runaway_slaves_as_contraband,_or_seized_enemy_property._In_August_1861,_Butler_led_his_troops_in_the_successful_amphibious_campaign_against_Fort_Hatteras._This_experience_led_to_Butler_being_assigned_to_command_the_land_forces_in_the_campaign_against_New_Orleans._Butlers_troops_occupied_the_city_in_April_1862,_threatening_naval_bombardment._Butlers_tenure_as_military_governor_of_New_Orleans_was_riddled_with_controversy,_and_earned_him_the_nicknames_Beast,_for_hanging_a_man_who_hauled_down_the_U.S._flag,_and_Spoons,_for_stealing_everything_right_down_to_the_silverware._His_most_infamous_order,_though,_was_General_Order_No._28,_in_which_he_ordered_that_when_any_female_shall,_by_word,_or_gesture,_or_movement,_insult_or_show_contempt_for_any_officer_or_soldier_of_the_United_States,_she_shall_be_treated_as_a_woman_of_the_town_plying_her_avocation._Butler_was_one_of_the_most_hated_men_in_the_South,_and_is_still_reviled_in_New_Orleans._Relieved_of_command_of_the_Department_of_the_Gulf_in_December_1862,_Butlers_next_assignment_was_command_of_the_Army_of_the_James._He_was_assigned_a_supporting_role_in_Gen._Ulysses_S._Grants_advance_on_Richmond_in_May_of_1864,_and_was_bottled_up_in_a_series_of_battles_around_Bermuda_Hundred_by_Confederate_troops_under_Gen._P.G.T._Beauregard_of_New_Orleans._Butlers_final_battle_was_the_fiasco_at_Fort_Fisher;_following_this_failure_Grant_relieved_him_of_command_on_January_8,_1865._After_the_war_Butler_was_elected_to_the_U.S._House_of_Representatives_as_a_Republican_four_times_beginning_in_1866,_and_once_more_as_a_Greenback_in_1878._As_a_Radical_Republican,_Butler_proposed_that_the_map_of_the_South_be_redrawn_to_eliminate_the_rebel_states_forever._During_the_impeachment_trial_of_Pres._Andrew_Johnson,_Butler_was_the_lead_speaker_for_the_prosecution._He_was_elected_governor_of_Massachusetts_in_1882,_in_response_to_which_Harvard_broke_its_tradition_of_honoring_each_new_governor_with_a_degree._In_1884,_he_was_the_Anti-Monopoly_party_candidate_for_president._Butler_contracted_pneumonia_and_died_in_the_Washington_on_January_11,_1893._(Bio_by_Michael_Jennings)	____rude_
80	Bragg,_B.	Gen80.pcx	2	0	0	8	12	200	2	3	4	5	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	12	1	1	0	0	Gen._Braxton_Bragg_(b._1817,_d._1876)._Born_on_March_22,_1817_in_Warren_County,_North_Carolina,_Bragg_graduated_from_West_Point_in_1837_fifth_in_his_class._He_immediately_saw_action_in_the_Second_Seminole_War_as_a_2nd_Lieutenant_of_Artillery,_and_a_decade_later_served_with_distinction_in_Mexico._Bragg_resigned_from_the_Army_in_1856_to_become_a_sugar_planter_in_Louisiana._When_the_Civil_War_began_he_was_appointed_brigadier_general_and_was_given_command_of_the_Pensacola-Mobile_areas_coastal_defenses._On_April_15,_1861,_he_arrested_U.S._Navy_Lt._John_L._Worden,_future_commander_of_the_U.S.S._Monitor,_as_he_returned_from_a_secret_mission_to_Fort_Pickens,_making_him_the_first_prisoner-of-war._Bragg_was_promoted_to_major_general_on_September_12_and_given_a_larger_command,_before_being_reassigned_to_Gen._Albert_S._Johnstons_Army_of_Mississippi._Following_Johnstons_death_at_Shiloh_on_April_6,_1862,_Bragg_was_promoted_to_full_general__5th-ranking_of_the_Confederate_Armys_eight_full_generals__and_given_Johnstons_army_(which_later_was_renamed_the_Army_of_Tennessee)._Bragg_soon_became_one_of_the_most_controversial_figures_of_the_war._His_military_leadership_and_record_were_quite_dismal,_though_he_started_out_well_and_sometimes_showed_tactical_prowess._In_1862,_Bragg_successfully_outflanking_the_Union_forces_in_Tennessee,_enabling_him_to_invade_Kentucky;_however,_following_the_Battle_of_Perryville_on_October_8_he_was_forced_back_into_Tennessee._He_then_suffered_a_strategic_defeat_in_the_bloody_Battle_of_Stones_River_(Murfreesboro)_that_winter,_leaving_Union_Gen._William_S._Rosecrans_in_control_of_central_Tennessee._During_1863,_Rosecrans_constantly_outmaneuvered_Bragg,_forcing_him_to_retreat_to_the_Georgia_border._That_September_18-20,_however,_Bragg_inflicted_a_crushing_defeat_on_his_opponent_at_Chickamauga__but_then_made_the_critical_mistake_of_not_following_up_on_his_victory,_wasting_the_chance_to_destroy_the_Army_of_the_Cumberland._Having_pursued_and_besieged_that_force_in_Chattanooga_for_two_months,_Bragg_suffered_a_terrible_defeat_at_Missionary_Ridge_and_had_to_retreat_into_Georgia._Because_of_these_mistakes,_Braggs_popularity_suffered._More_importantly,_dissatisfaction_with_Bragg_that_had_been_brewing_among_his_senior_officers_since_Stones_River_boiled_over_when_many_of_them_met_secretly_and_petitioned_Pres._Jefferson_Davis_to_relieve_Bragg._Gen._Nathan_B._Forrest_even_refused_to_serve_under_him_again,_telling_him_to_his_face:_You_have_played_the_part_of_a_damned_scoundrel..._If_you_ever_try_to_interfere_with_me_or_cross_my_path_it_will_be_at_the_peril_of_your_life._Whereas_Davis_had_refused_to_accept_Braggs_resignation_after_Chickamauga,_this_time_he_accepted_Braggs_offer,_reassigning_him_to_office_duty_in_Richmond._(Bragg_was_also_unpopular_among_his_men,_though_partly_for_his_harsh_approach_to_discipline,_which_included_use_of_the_firing_squad_for_even_the_smallest_infractions._Remarked_Pvt._Sam_Watkins,_None_of_Braggs_soldiers_ever_loved_him._They_had_no_faith_in_his_ability_as_a_general._He_was_looked_upon_as_a_merciless_tyrant._Even_so,_after_eighteen_months_and_five_major_campaigns,_the_Army_of_Tennessee_under_Bragg_suffered_26,000_fewer_casualties_than_its_opponents,_a_record_matched_only_by_Gen._Robert_E._Lee.)_In_November_1864,_Bragg_was_given_command_of_the_Department_of_South_Carolina,_and_he_commanded_troops_in_the_final_battles_against_Gen._William_T._Sherman_before_finally_fleeing_with_Davis_into_Georgia._After_the_war,_Bragg_served_as_superintendent_of_the_New_Orleans_waterworks_and_later_became_the_chief_engineer_for_Alabama,_supervising_harbor_improvements_at_Mobile,_before_moving_to_Texas_and_becoming_a_railroad_inspector._On_September_27,_1876,_Bragg_was_walking_down_a_street_in_Galveston_with_a_friend_when_he_suddenly_fell_over,_dead._He_is_buried_in_Mobile,_Alabama._(Bio_by_Bill_Hawthorne)	_mex___wpbad_
101	Cleburne,_P.R.	Gen101.pcx	2	28	0	216	2	200	1	7	7	4	7	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	10	21	3	9	16	Maj._Gen._Patrick_Ronayne_Cleburne_(b._1828,_d._1864)._Cleburne,_whose_great_personal_courage,_leadership_skills,_and_tactical_genius_led_him_often_to_be_called_the_Stonewall_of_the_West,_is_widely_considered_one_of_the_best_divisional_commanders_of_the_South._Despite_his_considerable_gifts,_however,_he_never_rose_to_corps_command:_while_some_believe_this_was_because_of_his_controversial_call_in_January_1864_for_freeing_slaves_so_that_they_could_take_up_arms_for_the_Confederacy,_which_was_kept_secret_at_the_time,_but_it_appears_instead_to_have_been_due_to_his_foreign_birth,_lack_of_a_West_Point_pedigree,_poor_relations_with_Gen._Braxton_Bragg,_and_lack_of_strategic_initiative._He_was_born_in_Ireland,_but_in_1849_moved_to_the_United_States_with_his_orphaned_siblings_after_his_fathers_death,_having_served_for_three_years_in_the_British_Army_as_a_corporal._Cleburne_started_his_new_life_in_Helena,_Arkansas,_eventually_becoming_a_lawyer._Influenced_by_future_Confederate_Gen._Thomas_C._Hindman,_at_whose_wedding_he_served_as_best_man,_Cleburne_became_a_Democrat_soon_after_the_Kansas-Nebraska_Act._In_the_summer_of_1860,_he_helped_to_organize_and_was_elected_captain_of_the_Yell_Rifles_in_Helena._When_most_Arkansas_troops_were_turned_over_to_the_Confederate_army,_Cleburne_became_commander_of_the_1st_Arkansas_regiment_in_Gen._William_J._Hardees_brigade,_and_when_Hardee_was_made_divisional_commander_under_Gen._Albert_S._Johnston,_Cleburne_rose_to_brigade_command,_gaining_his_promotion_to_Brigadier_General_on_March_4,_1862._At_Shiloh,_his_first_major_battle,_he_performed_well_but_lost_38%_of_his_men_nonetheless._Cleburne_next_took_part_in_the_Kentucky_invasion_of_1862,_being_detached_to_Gen._Kirby_Smiths_command._He_was_wounded_at_the_Battle_of_Richmond,_saying_afterwards_he_caught_the_ball_in_his_mouth_and_spat_it_out,_and_fought_well_at_Perryville_until_the_outnumbered_Confederate_army_was_forced_to_retreat._Cleburnes_performance_in_Kentucky_brought_him_a_divisional_command_as_part_of_Hardees_corps_in_Braggs_newly_created_Army_of_Tennessee,_and_that_December_he_was_promoted_to_Major_General._The_first_test_of_his_new_command_was_the_Battle_of_Murfreesboro,_which_resulted_in_yet_another_retreat,_though_Cleburne_fought_brilliantly._At_Chickamauga,_Cleburnes_division,_serving_under_Hardees_replacement_Gen._D.H._Hill,_fought_on_the_Confederate_right_against_Gen._George_Thomas_XIV_Corps._At_Missionary_Ridge,_Cleburnes_men_held_the_Confederate_right_wing_against_a_main_Union_attacking_force_outnumbering_them_more_than_sevenfold._His_division_acted_as_rear_guard_after_the_Southern_defeat_and_held_Ringgold_Gap_against_all_odds._In_the_spring_of_1864,_the_Army_of_Tennessee,_now_under_Gen._Joseph_E._Johnston,_was_hard_pressed_by_Gen._William_T._Shermans_army_and_gave_much_ground_in_Georgia._At_Picketts_Mill_Cleburnes_men_repulsed_a_large_scale_Yankee_attack_and_another_at_Kennesaw_Mountain,_this_time_from_a_well-entrenched_position._The_division_also_played_a_key_role_in_the_Battle_of_Bald_Hill,_one_of_the_four_battles_for_Atlanta_by_which_Gen._John_B._Hood,_Johnstons_successor,_attempted_to_throw_back_Sherman._At_the_Battle_of_Jonesboro,_Cleburne_commanded_a_whole_corps_for_the_first_and_last_time,_but_the_battle_ended_in_defeat_and_the_Confederates_had_to_evacuate_Atlanta._Hood_blamed_Hardee_and_Cleburne_for_this_result,_but_while_Hardee_was_transferred_from_the_army,_Cleburne_continued_to_serve_under_Hood_during_the_invasion_of_Tennessee._When_Hood_ordered_a_frontal_assault_on_the_Union_line_at_the_Battle_of_Franklin_on_Nov._30,_1864,_Cleburne_obeyed_despite_being_opposed,_and_was_killed._He_was_interred_in_Rose_Hill_Cemetery,_but_his_body_was_eventually_brought_back_to_Helena_for_burial_in_1870,_with_Jefferson_Davis_among_those_attending_the_public_processions_along_the_way._(Bio_by_Joern_Kaesebier)	____top_10brit_army_
317	Reynolds,_J.F.	Gen317.pcx	1	15	0	215	25	200	1	6	6	5	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	16	25	15	13	0	nobio	_mex___medal_of_honor_
428	Halleck,_H.W.	Gen428.pcx	1	15	0	215	22	200	1	3	4	1	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	17	0	0	0	0	nobio	____resigned_
435	Hancock,_W.S.	Gen435.pcx	1	16	0	215	0	200	1	6	6	4	6	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	11	14	22	20	0	Maj._Gen._Winfield_Scott_Hancock_(b._1824,_d._1886)._Hancock,_possibly_the_best_Union_general_of_the_eastern_theater_during_the_entire_Civil_War,_earned_the_nicknames,_The_Superb,_The_Thunderbolt_of_the_Potomac,_and_The_Hero_of_Gettysburg,_and_Pres._Rutherford_B._Hayes_later_referred_to_him_as_Pure_Gold._Hancock_was_born_in_Montgomery,_Pennsylvania,_and_attended_West_Point_and_graduated_eighteenth_out_of_twenty-five_in_the_class_of_1844._He_served_under_Gen._Winfield_Scott_during_the_Mexican-American_War_and_was_brevetted_to_1st_Lieutenant._After_the_war,_Hancock_fought_in_the_Mormon_uprising_and_Third_Seminole_War,_and_served_out_West_in_various_garrisons_where_he_became_lifelong_friends_with_future_Confederate_generals_Albert_S._Johnston_and_Lewis_Armistead_(neither_of_whom_survived_the_war)._Once_the_Civil_War_started_Hancock_was_transferred_east_to_take_over_the_quartermaster_duties_of_the_Union_army,_but_he_was_quickly_promoted_to_Brigadier_General_in_September_of_1861_and_given_command_of_a_brigade_of_infantry._At_the_Battle_of_Williamsburg_in_May,_1862_he_led_a_brilliant_flanking_maneuver_which_earned_him_the_nickname_The_Superb._At_the_Battle_of_Antietam,_Hancock_took_command_of_a_division_following_the_death_of_Maj._Gen._Israel_B._Richardson._He_was_promoted_to_Major_General_of_Volunteers_on_November_29,_1862._At_the_Battle_of_Fredericksburg,_Hancocks_division_took_part_in_the_costly_assaults_on_Marye's_Heights_and_at_Chancellorsville_Hancock_performed_admirably_in_covering_the_Union_withdrawal._After_Chancellorsville_Hancock_was_given_command_of_the_Second_Corps._Maj._Gen._George_G._Meade_sent_Hancock_to_take_command_of_the_left_wing_(I,_II,_XI,_Corps)_of_the_Union_Army_on_July_1st_at_Gettysburg,_following_Gen._John_F._Reynoldss_death._Following_the_near_rout_that_occurred_on_July_1st,_Hancock_rallied_the_Union_army_and_took_up_the_defensive_position_that_would_define_the_battle,_atop_Cemetery_Hill._A_military_historian_wrote,_No_other_Union_general_at_Gettysburg_dominated_men_by_the_sheer_force_of_their_presence_more_completely_than_Hancock._On_July_2nd,_Hancock_sent_his_first_division_to_reinforce_the_III_Corps_and_once_Gen._Daniel_E._Sickles_was_wounded_Hancock_took_command_of_that_corps._On_July_3rd,_he_repulsed_with_ease_the_Confederacys_last_major_attack__Picketts_Charge._While_under_heavy_fire_Hancock_refused_to_dismount_from_his_horse_despite_requests_from_his_men_to_do_so,_and_was_quoted_as_saying_There_are_times_when_a_corps_commander's_life_does_not_count._Hancock_was_wounded_shortly_after_this,_a_wound_that_would_never_fully_heal._His_old_friend_Confederate_Gen._Lewis_Armistead_was_killed_in_the_assault._Hancocks_wound_prevented_him_from_commanding_the_Second_Corps_until_1864;_however,_he_did_return_to_command_the_2nd_Corps_and_did_so_to_great_success_during_the_Overland_Campaign_of_1864._At_Spotsylvania,_Hancocks_corps_smashed_the_Confederate_strongpoint_at_the_bloody_angle._Hancock_was_forced_to_leave_the_campaign_in_late_1864_when_his_wound_from_Gettysburg_started_acting_up._After_the_war,_Hancock_supervised_the_execution_of_the_Lincoln_assassination_conspirators._While_commanding_the_Fifth_Military_District_(Louisiana_and_Texas),_he_angered_many_northerners_for_his_orders_to_treat_the_southerners_leniently._Hancock_subsequently_became_the_Democratic_candidate_for_President_in_1880,_losing_to_James_A._Garfield_by_9,100_votes._In_1886_his_funeral_drew_a_crowd_of_3,000._(Bio_by_Matthew_G._Flanigan)	_mex___wp_
520	Hampton,_W.	Gen520.pcx	2	33	0	216	27	200	1	5	5	6	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	6	13	23	20	0	Lt._Gen._Wade_Hampton_III_(b._1818,_d._1902)._Hampton_was_born_in_1818,_the_son_and_grandson_of_cavalrymen._He_graduated_from_South_Carolina_College_in_1836,_and_spent_the_next_twenty-five_years_managing_the_familys_estates_and_becoming_widely_recognized_as_the_richest_man_in_the_South._He_opposed_secession_and_the_extension_of_slavery,_but_on_the_outbreak_of_war_he_volunteered_as_a_private_in_the_South_Carolina_militia_and_was_quickly_commissioned_as_Colonel._Hampton_raised_and_armed_at_his_own_expense_the_Hampton_Legion,_a_combined-arms_unit_comprising_six_companies_of_infantry,_four_companies_of_cavalry,_and_one_battery_of_artillery._During_First_Manassas_the_Legion_deployed_at_a_decisive_moment,_buying_time_for_the_Stonewall_Brigade_to_reach_the_field_and_make_its_immortal_stand._At_Manassas,_Hampton__who_already_bore_scars_from_hunting_bears_with_only_a_knife__received_the_first_of_what_by_wars_end_would_be_six_wounds_when_a_ball_grazed_his_scalp;_he_had_it_bandaged_and_continued_in_command._Commanding_a_brigade_during_the_Peninsula_campaign,_he_was_promoted_to_the_rank_of_Brigadier_General_in_late_May_1862._At_Seven_Pines,_Hampton_was_shot_in_the_foot,_and_a_surgeon_removed_the_ball_while_Hampton_sat_on_his_horse__but_the_surgeon_himself_was_then_shot_in_the_arm_and_had_to_have_it_amputated._When_Gen._Robert_E._Lee_organized_the_Army_of_Northern_Virginia,_Hampton_was_assigned_to_command_the_1st_Brigade_of_Cavalry._As_second_in_command_in_Gen._J.E.B._Stuarts_cavalry_division,_he_had_a_part_in_practically_all_of_Stuarts_major_movements__the_Maryland_campaign,_the_Chambersburg_raid,_the_march_around_the_flank_of_the_Union_army_before_Gettysburg._Hampton_took_four_wounds_at_Gettysburg:_he_was_grazed_by_a_ball_in_the_chest_and_later_in_two_skirmishes_received_saber_wounds_to_the_head,_but_continued_in_command_until_wounded_in_the_hip_by_shrapnel._At_this_point,_he_and_Gen._John_B._Hood_were_evacuated_in_the_same_carriage,_with_Hood_unable_to_lie_down_and_Hampton_unable_to_sit_up._Hampton_was_promoted_Major_General_in_early_August_1863,_and_after_Stuart's_death_on_May_12,_1864_was_put_in_formal_command_of_the_Cavalry_Corps,_though_not_until_August._During_Hamptons_command_of_the_cavalry_the_South_was_on_the_defensive,_and_was_desperately_short_of_horses._These_considerations_led_Hampton_to_the_employment_of_the_cavalry_as_dragoons,_fighting_mostly_dismounted._At_Hawes'_Shop_(May_28)_and_Burgess_Mill_(Oct._27)_he_endeavored,_in_the_main_successfully,_to_stay_the_Federal_advance._Trevilian_Station_(June_11_and_12),_Sappony_Church_(June_27),_Reams'_Station_(Aug._25),_and_many_unnamed_skirmishes_were_fought_with_even_greater_success_to_keep_open_Richmonds_lines_of_communication_with_the_west_and_south._In_January_1865_Hampton_took_part_of_his_command_out_of_Virginia_in_search_of_fresh_horses._He_did_not_return_to_Virginia,_but_instead_was_ordered_to_cover_the_retreat_of_Gen._Joseph_E._Johnston's_army._Hampton,_who_had_been_promoted_Lieutenant_General_on_Feb._14,_1865,_surrendered_to_Union_Gen._William_T._Sherman_along_with_Johnstons_army,_and_then_returned_to_his_native_South_Carolina._After_the_war_Hampton_was_twice_elected_governor_of_South_Carolina_and_became_known_as_the_Savior_of_South_Carolina._In_1878_he_broke_his_leg_while_hunting_when_he_was_thrown_from_a_mule._Infection_set_in_and_the_leg_was_amputated,_and_replaced_by_a_false_leg_made_of_cork._Hampton_also_served_two_terms_in_the_U.S._Senate_from_1879-1891._He_died_of_heart_disease_in_1902,_at_Columbia,_S.C._(Bio_by_Michael_Jennings)	cav_____
536	Hill,_A.P.	Gen536.pcx	2	26	102	216	31	200	1	6	6	5	6	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	3	5	22	10	25	Lt._Gen._Ambrose_Powell_Hill_(b._1825,_d._1865)._An_aggressive_fighter,_Hill_sometimes_lacked_a_care_for_details,_thus_damaging_his_reputation._He_was_born_in_Culpeper,_Virginia,_and_graduated_from_West_Point_in_1847_after_repeating_his_second_year_due_to_bad_health._During_his_brief_service_in_the_Mexican_War,_Hill_saw_little_action;_he_subsequently_served_in_the_Third_Seminole_War,_before_being_assigned_to_the_U.S._Coast_Survey_Office._During_the_1861_secession_crisis,_Hill_resigned_his_commission_in_March_almost_two_weeks_before_his_native_Virginia_seceded._Initially_given_a_regiment_sent_to_Harpers_Ferry,_Hill_commanded_a_reserve_brigade_at_First_Bull_Run._He_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general_in_February_1862,_and_showed_for_the_first_time_his_offensive_skills_at_Williamsburg_on_May_5,_during_the_Peninsula_Campaign._Hills_performance_was_noted_in_Richmond_and_secured_him_promotion_to_major_general_that_month,_making_him_the_youngest_Confederate_officer_of_that_rank._During_the_Seven_Days_Campaign_he_commanded_a_large_division_that_he_named_the_Light_Division,_probably_after_the_Light_Artillery,_Hills_unit_in_Mexico,_or_an_English_division_of_the_Napoleonic_Wars_that_was_well_known_for_its_marching_capacity._Hills_record_during_this_campaign_was_mixed:_he_attacked_at_Mechanicsville_without_securing_the_assigned_support,_but_fought_vigorously_at_Gaines_Mill_and_with_great_skill_at_Fraysers_Farm._However,_he_damaged_his_reputation_by_quarrelling_with_his_corps_commander,_Gen._James_Longstreet,_over_the_fruits_of_victory._Gen._Robert_E._Lee_solved_this_by_assigning_Hills_troops_to_Gen._Stonewall_Jackson._Hill_quarreled_with_him_as_well,_but_they_achieved_great_success_on_the_battlefield_together._Hill_saved_Jacksons_corps_at_Cedar_Mountain_on_August_9,_held_his_line_at_Second_Bull_Run_(though_he_endangered_his_men_by_careless_disposition),_and_assisted_in_capturing_Harpers_Ferry._On_September_17,_his_timely_arrival_at_Antietam_and_counterattack_on_the_Confederate_right_saved_the_whole_army._But_the_new_Southern_hero_left_a_wide_gap_in_his_line_at_Fredericksburg_three_months_later,_endangering_the_right_flank_and_causing_heavy_losses_in_his_ranks._Only_the_arrival_of_reinforcements_stopped_a_Union_breakthrough._Hill_managed_the_disposition_of_his_division_better_at_Chancellorsville_the_following_May;_and,_when_Jackson_was_killed_he_briefly_assumed_command_of_the_corps_before_being_wounded_himself._When_Lee_reorganized_the_army_for_the_invasion_of_Pennsylvania,_Hill_gained_command_of_the_new_III_Corps_and_was_promoted_to_lieutenant_general_on_May_24,_since,_according_to_Lee,_Hill_was_the_best_soldier_of_his_grade._But_he_did_not_rise_above_his_grade._At_Gettysburg_he_allowed_his_subordinate_Gen._Henry_Heth_to_commit_two_thirds_of_his_corps_in_a_skirmish_that_soon_became_a_full-scale_battle,_and_on_the_second_and_third_day_Hill_hardly_directed_his_troops,_partly_because_he_was_sick_(apparently_with_gonorrhea_contracted_during_his_West_Point_years)._At_Bristoe_Station_on_October_14,_Hills_fruitless_attack_on_the_Union_forces_led_to_high_casualties_in_his_own_corps._The_following_spring,_Hills_corps_was_almost_routed_on_the_first_day_of_the_Battle_of_the_Wilderness,_but_stood_its_ground_on_the_second;_Hill_himself_fell_sick_again,_but_did_return_to_command_at_Cold_Harbor._During_the_early_stages_of_the_siege_at_Petersburg,_he_was_in_charge_of_the_Confederate_right_and_shifted_his_troops_with_great_skill_to_counter_every_Union_flanking_movement._In_winter_his_health_kept_him_from_the_front,_but_he_returned_shortly_before_Lee_ordered_a_retreat_from_Petersburg__only_to_be_mortally_wounded_while_riding_to_join_his_troops_in_their_defensive_position_on_April_2,_1865,_a_week_before_Lee_surrendered._Hills_remains_were_brought_to_Richmond_after_the_war_and_buried_under_the_A.P._Hill_Monument._(Bio_by_Joern_Kaesebier)	_mex___top10wp_
538	Hill,_D.H.	Gen538.pcx	2	0	0	216	23	200	1	5	5	5	5	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	25	14	14	0	Maj._Gen._Daniel_Harvey_Hill_(b._1821,_d._1889)._Hill_was_a_stubborn_and_impatient_man,_dreaded_for_his_acid_tongue_and_a_temper_that_often_brought_him_into_trouble_with_his_superiors._A_native_South_Carolinian,_he_had_graduated_from_West_Point_in_1842_and_served_heroically_in_the_Mexican_War._Resigning_from_the_army_in_1849,_he_became_a_professor_of_mathematics_and_then_a_decade_later_the_superintendent_of_the_recently_established_North_Carolina_Military_Institute._After_North_Carolina_seceded,_Hill_organized_the_first_training_camp_in_the_state,_and_was_elected_colonel_of_the_1st_North_Carolina_Infantry,_which_he_led_on_June_10_in_the_Battle_of_Big_Bethel,_the_first_significant_engagement_of_the_Civil_War._Hill_was_commissioned_as_a_brigadier_general_in_Gen._Joseph_E._Johnstons_army_on_July_10,_and_given_divisional_command_and_a_promotion_to_major_general_the_following_March_26._During_the_Seven_Days_Battles_of_June_25-July_1,_1862,_this_brother-in-law_of_Gen._Stonewall_Jackson_and_West_Point_classmate_of_Gen._James_Longstreet_distinguished_himself,_especially_at_the_Battle_of_Gaines_Mill._During_the_Maryland_Campaign,_Hill_fought_well_at_South_Mountain,_holding_off_a_much_larger_enemy_force_until_Longstreet_arrived_with_reinforcements,_and_at_Antietam_he_commanded_the_forces_in_the_Confederate_center,_defending_the_sunken_road_later_known_as_the_Bloody_Lane._In_February_1863,_Hill_was_sent_to_oversee_the_defense_of_North_Carolina._For_this_assignment_Hill_kept_two_veteran_divisions_from_the_Army_of_Northern_Virginia,_thus_leaving_Gen._George_E._Picketts_division_under_strength_at_the_Battle_of_Gettysburg._This_worsened_the_already_strained_relations_between_Hill_and_Gen._Robert_E._Lee,_with_Hill_feeling_ill-treated_because_Lee_had_not_appointed_him_corps_commander_after_Jacksons_death_earlier_that_year,_and_Lee_resenting_Hill_for_filing_an_official_report_that_harshly_criticized_the_conduct_of_the_Maryland_Campaign._But_as_the_need_for_good_high-ranking_officers_rose,_on_July_11,_1863_Davis_offered_Hill_a_corps_command_in_Gen._Braxton_Braggs_Army_of_Tennessee,_with_the_provisional_rank_of_lieutenant_general._Taking_over_the_command_of_II_Corps_from_Gen._William_J._Hardee,_who_had_been_transferred_to_Mississippi,_Hill_was_reunited_with_Bragg,_with_whom_he_had_previously_served_in_the_U.S._Army._When_he_saw_Bragg_so_gloomy_and_despondent,_as_he_wrote_later,_almost_all_of_his_confidence_in_his_commander_was_gone._Their_relationship_got_worse,_especially_in_the_controversial_aftermath_of_the_Battle_of_Chickamauga._In_this_battle,_Hills_corps_had_the_bad_luck_of_facing_the_best_Union_commander_of_Gen._William_S._Rosecranss_army:_Gen._George_H._Thomas._The_victory_was_won_by_Longstreet,_who_arrived_with_his_forces_from_Virginia_just_in_time_to_break_the_enemys_line._But_due_to_mismanagement_of_Gen._Leonidas_Polk_and_especially_of_Bragg,_as_well_as_Thomass_famous_stand,_the_Union_army_survived_and_entrenched_in_Chattanooga._When_the_majority_of_senior_commanders_signed_a_letter_that_asked_for_Bragg_to_be_relieved_of_command,_Bragg_tried_to_get_rid_of_his_enemies._As_a_friend_of_Davis,_Braggs_position_was_secure,_so_while_he_did_not_press_charges_against_these_officers,_he_did_get_some_of_them_transferred,_including_Hill._Hill_felt_that_he_was_being_made_a_scapegoat,_but_Davis_had_made_up_his_mind._Thus_the_career_of_a_good,_though_frequently_outspoken,_general_was_ruined._Davis_even_refused_to_submit_his_nomination_of_Hill_as_lieutenant_general,_which_therefore_was_never_confirmed_by_the_Confederate_Senate._Despite_this_treatment,_Hill_continued_to_serve_back_east_until_the_war_ended._Hill_later_became_a_publisher_and_was_named_president_of_Arkansas_Industrial_University_(later_the_University_of_Arkansas)_and_Middle_Georgia_Military_and_Agricultural_College_(later_Georgia_Military_College)._(Bio_by_Joern_Kaesebier)	_mex___top10wp_
688	Wheeler,_J.	Gen688.pcx	2	43	0	216	1	200	1	6	6	6	6	7	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	13	2	24	15	3	Lt._Gen._Joseph_Wheeler_(b._1836,_d._1906)._Few_soldiers_enjoyed_a_career_in_the_military_as_long_and_distinguished_as_Fightin_Joe_Wheeler._Born_Sept._10,_1836_in_Augusta,_Georgia,_Wheeler_graduated_with_the_U.S._Military_Academy_Class_of_1859_and_was_commissioned_in_the_U.S._Army_as_a_2nd_Lieutenant_of_mounted_rifles._He_resigned_that_commission_April_22,_1861._In_just_21_months,_Wheeler_ascended_the_ranks_to_become_a_Major_General_and_commander_of_cavalry_of_the_Army_of_Tennessee._Wheelers_start_in_Confederate_service_was_as_a_1st_Lieutenant_of_artillery._He_was_made_Colonel_of_the_19th_Alabama_Infantry_on_Sept._4,_1861,_just_short_of_his_25th_birthday._After_fighting_at_Shiloh_with_this_unit,_he_transferred_to_mounted_units_and_was_made_chief_of_cavalry_in_the_Army_of_Mississippi_July_13,_1862._He_made_his_career_with_cavalry,_engaging_in_countless_battles_and_being_wounded_three_times._Moreover,_he_had_sixteen_horses_shot_out_from_under_him_during_the_war_and_thirty-six_staff_officers_fell_by_his_side._His_promotion_to_Brigadier_General_was_confirmed_Oct._30,_1862,_during_his_stint_commanding_the_Cavalry_Brigade,_Left_Wing,_of_the_Army_of_the_Mississippi_(Sept._14-Nov._20,_1862)._He_shifted_to_command_the_Calvary_Brigade_of_Polks_Corps,_Army_of_Tennessee_and_Cavalry_Brigade,_Hardees_Corps,_Army_of_Tennessee._During_his_time_leading_the_Cavalry_Corps,_Army_of_Tennessee,_he_was_promoted_to_Major_General_on_Jan._20,_1863,_at_the_age_of_25._He_commanded_the_cavalry_during_Gen._Braxton_Braggs_invasion_of_Kentucky,_during_the_Battle_of_Murfreesboro_and_the_Chattanooga_Campaign._His_raid_at_Bridgeport_in_the_Chattanooga_Campaign_was_one_of_the_boldest_undertaken_by_the_Confederates._As_commander_of_Cavalry_Corps,_Army_of_Tennessee,_he_opposed_Gen._William_T._Shermans_Atlanta_Campaign_by_harassing_communications._Following_the_fall_of_Atlanta_and_the_splitting_of_Confederate_forces,_he_became_commander_of_the_Cavalry_Corps,_Department_of_South_Carolina,_Georgia_and_Florida_(Fall_1864-March_1865)._In_this_role_during_the_Savannah_Campaign,_Wheelers_command_came_under_criticism_for_lack_of_discipline;_however,_Wheeler_was_promoted_to_Lieutenant_General_on_Feb._28,_1865_and_put_in_command_of_a_corps_in_Hamptons_cavalry_command_until_April_26,_1865,_when_Gen._Joseph_E._Johnston_surrendered_to_Sherman._In_his_farewell_speech_to_his_men,_Wheeler_said,_You_are_the_sole_victors_of_more_than_two_hundred_severely_contested_fields;_you_have_participated_in_more_than_a_thousand_conflicts_of_arms;_you_are_heroes,_veterans,_patriots;_the_bones_of_your_comrades_mark_the_battlefields_upon_the_soil_of_Kentucky,_Tennessee,_Virginia,_North_Carolina,_South_Carolina,_Georgia,_Alabama_and_Mississippi;_you_have_done_all_that_human_exertion_could_accomplish._He_was_captured_in_Georgia_in_May,_1865,_and_released_June_8._After_a_short_residency_in_New_Orleans,_he_moved_to_Wheeler,_Alabama_in_1868_and_served_eight_terms_in_the_U.S._Congress,_beginning_in_1881._Wheeler_returned_to_service_as_a_major_general_of_volunteers_for_the_Spanish-American_War_and_commanded_a_cavalry_division_under_Gen._William_Shafters_command_in_Cuba,_landing_at_Santiago_and_carrying_the_heights_of_San_Juan_Hill_with_his_dismounted_troopers._Whenever_possible,_Wheeler_was_at_the_front_with_his_men._On_his_64th_birthday,_Wheeler_retired_from_military_service_as_a_brigadier_general_of_the_regular_army._He_died_in_Brooklyn,_N.Y.,_Jan._25,_1906,_and_was_buried_in_the_National_Cemetery_at_Arlington._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	art__cav__wp_
715	Thomas,_G.H.	Gen715.pcx	1	15	0	215	31	200	1	7	7	5	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	1	5	7	22	nobio	art_mex_cav___
707	Zollicoffer,_F.K.	Gen707.pcx	2	12	0	216	28	50	1	4	4	4	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Felix_Kirk_Zollicoffer_(b._1812,_d._1862)._Born_in_Maury_County,_Tennessee,_Zollicoffer_worked_for_a_newspaper_in_Paris,_Tenn.,_beginning_at_the_age_of_16._His_first_military_action_came_during_the_Seminole_uprising_of_1836,_when_he_was_serving_as_a_lieutenant_of_volunteers._Returning_home,_he_advanced_in_the_fields_of_journalism_and_politics._He_served_as_adjutant_general_and_state_comptroller_of_Tennessee_(1845-49)_and_state_senator_(1849-52),_subsequently_being_elected_to_Congress_in_1852_while_helping_the_Tennessee_presidential_campaign_of_Gen._Winfield_Scott._Having_served_three_terms_in_the_House_of_Representatives,_he_declined_to_run_in_1860._That_year_he_supported_the_Bell-Everett_ticket_of_the_Constitutional_Union_party_in_the_1860_election._The_following_year,_Zollicoffer_attended_the_Washington,_D.C._Peace_Conference,_which_failed_to_prevent_the_outbreak_of_civil_war._Originally_commanding_Tennessee_State_Troops,_he_was_commissioned_as_a_Brigadier_General_in_the_Provisional_Confederate_States_Army_on_July_9,_1861._His_first_assignment_was_as_commander_of_the_District_of_East_Tennessee,_Department_No._2,_in_Cumberland_Gap_area_of_Tennessee_and_Kentucky._His_assignment_there_was_to_preserve_peace,_protect_the_railroad,_and_repel_invasion._Later,_he_was_assigned_the_First_Brigade_in_Brig._Gen._George_B._Crittendens_army,_and_during_this_command_made_a_critical_error_when_he_misinterpreted_orders_from_Gen._Albert_S._Johnston_and_moved_his_unit_to_the_Kentucky_side_of_the_unfordable_Cumberland_River_before_Crittenden_arrived._Crittendens_Confederates_were_forced_to_face_the_numerically_superior_advancing_Federal_forces_of_Gen._George_H._Thomas_with_their_backs_to_the_river._Late_in_the_ensuing_Battle_of_Mill_Springs_(Fishing_Creek),_Zollicoffer_became_confused,_and_ordered_troops_he_had_approached_to_cease_firing._Unfortunately_for_him,_these_were_Union_troops,_under_Col._Speed_S._Fry._Just_as_his_mistake__perhaps_caused_by_nearsightedness_and_growing_darkness__was_realized,_Zollicoffer_was_killed_by_a_Union_volley,_though_some_attributed_Zollicoffers_death_to_Fry_himself._The_generals_death,_along_with_rain_which_rendered_flintlock_muskets_unusable,_helped_to_lead_to_a_Union_victory._The_Confederates_were_forced_to_retreat,_leaving_artillery,_ammunition,_wagons,_horses_and_stores._Zollicoffer,_remembered_more_for_his_political_prowess_than_his_military_abilities,_was_buried_in_City_Cemetery_in_Nashville._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_____
840	Pettigrew,_J.J.	Gen840.pcx	2	27	60	216	27	50	1	5	4	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	13	10	14	0	0	Brig._Gen._James_Johnson_Pettigrew_(b._1828,_d._1863)._Without_the_sacrifice_of_men_such_as_Pettigrew,_the_Army_of_Northern_Virginia_might_not_have_made_it_back_to_Virginia_at_the_end_of_the_Gettysburg_Campaign._Pettigrew,_a_brigade_commander_in_Gen._A.P._Hills_III_Corps,_was_commanding_a_rearguard_action_against_Union_cavalry_near_Falling_Waters,_Maryland,_on_July_13,_1863,_when_he_was_fatally_wounded._He_lingered_briefly_before_dying_near_Bunker_Hill,_Virginia,_on_July_17,_1863._The_army_has_lost_a_brave_soldier_and_the_Confederacy_an_accomplished_officer,_said_Gen._Robert_E._Lee_on_Pettigrews_death._Pettigrew_was_born_at_the_Pettigrew_familys_Bonarva_Plantation_in_Tyrrell_County,_North_Carolina,_on_July_4,_1828._A_prodigy,_he_entered_the_University_of_North_Carolina_at_the_age_of_15_and_upon_his_graduation_was_appointed_an_assistant_professor_at_the_Naval_Observatory_in_Washington_by_Pres._James_K._Polk._Pettigrew_held_that_position_for_two_years_before_starting_to_study_law._After_traveling_abroad,_he_settled_in_Charleston,_South_Carolina,_to_practice_law._Pettigrew_soon_entered_the_political_realm_by_being_elected_to_the_South_Carolina_legislature_in_1856._In_1859,_he_returned_to_Europe_to_join_the_Second_War_of_Italian_Independence,_but_the_conflict_ended_as_he_arrived._He_spent_more_time_abroad,_gathering_materials_for_a_travel_book_entitled,_Notes_on_Spain_and_the_Spaniards_in_the_Summer_of_1859,_With_a_Glance_at_Sardinia,_which_was_published_in_1861._Returning_home_that_same_year,_he_held_the_rank_of_colonel_in_the_state_militia_and_served_in_Charleston_harbor_during_the_siege_of_Fort_Sumter._Pettigrew_later_enlisted_in_Hamptons_Legion_as_a_private,_but_learned_that_he_had_been_elected_colonel_of_the_22nd_North_Carolina._Serving_in_Virginia,_Pettigrew_accepted_a_commission_as_a_brigadier_general_on_February_26,_1862_in_the_division_of_Gen._Gustavus_W._Smith._Fully_expecting_to_be_immersed_in_the_fighting,_he_would_respond_to_the_request_of_a_relative_for_a_safe_place_on_his_staff_by_stating,_I_assure_you_that_the_most_unsafe_place_in_the_Brigade_is_about_me._By_all_means_let_him_get_rid_of_this_idea_of_a_safe_place,_which_he_will_regret_after_time._The_post_of_danger_is_certainly_the_post_of_honor._This_expectation_proved_true_three_months_later,_at_the_Battle_of_Seven_Pines,_when_Pettigrew_was_severely_wounded_in_the_throat_and_shoulder_and_then_shot_and_bayoneted_while_lying_on_the_battlefield._Believing_that_his_wounds_were_mortal,_Pettigrew_insisted_that_his_men_leave_him_behind,_and_he_ended_up_being_captured_by_the_Union._Exchanged_two_months_later,_Pettigrew_returned_in_a_defensive_command_at_Petersburg_and_in_North_Carolina_before_being_given_another_brigade_in_Gen._Henry_Heths_division._At_Gettysburg,_Pettigrews_brigade_drove_Union_troops_from_McPhersons_Ridge_on_the_first_day_of_the_battle,_despite_having_been_badly_roughed_up_by_the_Iron_Brigade._When_Heth_suffered_a_head_wound,_Pettigrew_ascended_to_lead_the_division._He_suffered_a_hand_wound_during_Picketts_Charge,_but_refused_to_leave_the_field._Though_still_in_command_of_Heths_division_at_the_time,_Pettigrew_was_with_his_brigade_at_the_time_he_was_fatally_wounded_by_one_of_Gen._George_Custers_Michigan_Brigade_cavalrymen_near_the_Potomac_River_crossing_point_his_men_were_defending._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_____
330	Rosecrans,_W.S.	Gen330.pcx	1	0	0	83	24	200	1	6	5	3	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	10	0	0	0	nobio	__engineer___
58	Buell,_D.C.	Gen58.pcx	1	17	80	215	8	50	1	5	3	2	5	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	17	-1	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._Don_Carlos_Buell_(b._1818,_d._1898)._Buell_was_born_near_Marietta,_Ohio,_and_lived_in_Indiana_for_a_time_before_the_Civil_War._He_graduated_from_West_Point_in_1841_and_was_commissioned_a_2nd_Lieutenant_in_the_infantry._In_the_Mexican_War,_he_was_brevetted_three_times_for_bravery_and_was_wounded_at_Churubusco._Between_the_wars_he_served_in_the_U.S._Army_Adjutant_Generals_office_and_as_an_adjutant_in_California._In_1859,_Buell_was_sent_by_Secretary_of_War_John_B._Floyd_on_a_secret_mission_to_Charleston_so_that_he_could_both_evaluate_Maj._Robert_Andersons_garrison_at_Fort_Moultrie_and_assess_the_mood_in_the_city;_it_was_Buells_determination_that_if_the_Federal_garrison_appeared_to_be_threatened_it_should_relocate_to_Fort_Sumter._Commissioned_a_brigadier_general_on_May_17,_1861,_Buell_was_assigned_to_the_Unions_Army_of_the_Potomac_at_the_recommendation_of_Gen._George_B._McClellan_that_September._In_this_capacity,_he_was_an_early_organizer_of_this_army_and_commanded_one_of_its_divisions_before_succeeding_Gen._William_T._Sherman_as_the_head_of_the_Department_of_the_Ohio__which_was_eventually_designated_the_Army_of_the_Ohio_and_finally_the_Army_of_the_Cumberland__for_operations_in_eastern_Tennessee._Buell_essentially_disregarded_his_orders_and_moved_instead_against_Nashville,_which_he_captured_on_February_26,_1862_against_little_opposition,_since_Confederate_attentions_were_elsewhere_at_this_time,_as_Gen._Ulysses_S._Grant_was_capturing_Forts_Henry_and_Donelson_nearby._In_March,_Buell_was_promoted_to_major_general_of_volunteers,_and_the_following_month_he_reinforced_Grant_at_the_Battle_of_Shiloh,_helping_him_to_defeat_the_Confederates._Buell_considered__and_let_it_be_known_that_his_arrival_was_the_primary_reason_that_Grant_avoided_a_major_defeat,_leading_Grant_to_develop_a_professional_grudge_against_Buell_that_would_haunt_his_future_career._Buell_next_served_under_Gen._Henry_W._Halleck,_who_in_March_had_been_appointed_overall_commander_of_the_western_theater,_at_the_Battle_of_Corinth_that_May._In_June_and_July,_Buell_started_a_leisurely_movement_of_four_divisions_towards_Chattanooga,_but_his_supply_lines_were_disrupted_by_Confederate_cavalry_under_Gen._Nathan_B._Forrest_and_his_offensive_ground_to_a_halt._In_the_fall_of_that_year,_Confederate_Gen._Braxton_Bragg_invaded_Kentucky_and_Buell_was_forced_to_fall_back_as_far_north_as_the_Ohio_River._Buell_fought_Bragg_at_the_indecisive_Battle_of_Perryville_on_October_8,_which_halted_the_Confederate_invasion_and_forced_them_back_into_Tennessee,_but_he_failed_to_pursue_Bragg's_withdrawal._Because_of_that_decision,_he_was_relieved_of_command_and_replaced_by_Gen._William_S._Rosecrans._Buell_spent_the_next_year_and_a_half_in_Indianapolis,_in_military_limbo,_hoping_that_a_military_commission_would_exonerate_him_of_blame,_accepting_his_claim_that_he_had_not_pursued_Bragg_because_he_lacked_supplies._Exoneration_never_came,_and_he_left_military_service_in_May_1864._Although_he_had_been_offered_a_new_command_at_the_express_recommendation_of_Grant,_Buell_declined_it,_saying_that_it_would_be_degradation_to_serve_under_either_Sherman_or_Gen._Edward_R.S._Canby_because_he_ranked_them_both._In_his_memoirs,_Grant_called_this_the_worst_excuse_a_soldier_can_make_for_declining_service._Following_the_war_Buell_lived_in_Indiana_and_then_in_Kentucky,_employed_in_the_iron_and_coal_industry_as_president_of_the_Green_River_Iron_Company._From_1885_to_1889_he_was_a_government_pension_agent._He_died_at_his_home_in_Rockport,_Kentucky,_and_is_buried_in_St._Louis_at_Bellefontaine_Cemetery._(Bio_by_Scott_Jennings)	_mex_war_frontier__cautiouswprelieved_
202	McPherson,_J.B.	Gen202.pcx	1	30	0	215	24	50	1	6	5	3	5	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	17	7	-1	0	0	nobio	__engineer__wp_
307	Custer,_G.A.	Gen307.pcx	1	59	0	215	16	50	1	6	4	6	5	7	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3	4	13	21	15	Brig._Gen._George_Armstrong_Custer_(b._1839,_d._1876)._Custer_was_born_Ohio_but_grew_up_in_Monroe,_Michigan._Before_entering_West_Point,_he_was_a_teacher_in_Ohio._(Local_legend_has_it_that_he_obtained_his_appointment_to_the_Academy_due_to_a_prominent_residents_wish_to_keep_Custer_away_from_his_daughter.)_He_graduated_last_in_the_Class_of_1861,_and_came_close_to_expulsion_each_year_due_to_excessive_demerits,_many_for_pulling_pranks_on_fellow_cadets._Custer_was_commissioned_a_2nd_lieutenant_in_the_2nd_U.S._Cavalry_and_immediately_joined_his_regiment_for_First_Bull_Run,_during_which_he_carried_messages._After_the_battle_he_was_reassigned_to_the_5th_U.S._Cavalry._During_the_pursuit_of_Gen._Joseph_E._Johnstons_Army_of_Northern_Virginia_up_the_Yorktown_Peninsula_in_early_1862,_Custer_received_permission_to_lead_four_companies_of_Michigan_infantry_in_an_attack_near_New_Bridge,_resulting_in_the_capture_of_fifty_Confederates._Gen._George_B._McClellan,_in_command_of_the_Army_of_the_Potomac,_termed_it_a_very_gallant_affair,_congratulated_Custer_personally,_and_brought_him_onto_his_staff_as_an_aide-de-camp._Three_days_prior_to_the_Battle_of_Gettysburg,_on_June_28,_1863,_Custer_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general._Despite_having_no_direct_command_experience,_he_became_one_of_the_youngest_generals_in_the_Union_Army_at_age_twenty-three._Custer_lost_no_time_in_implanting_his_aggressive_character_on_his_brigade,_the_Michigan_Cavalry_Brigade_(or_Wolverine_Brigade)._In_perhaps_his_finest_hour,_on_the_third_day_of_the_battle_he_convinced_Gen._David_M._Gregg,_whose_division_was_directly_in_the_path_of_Gen._J.E.B._Stuarts_cavalry,_to_redeploy_while_Custer_stayed_to_face_Stuart._Hours_of_charges_and_hand-to-hand_combat_ensued,_before_Custer_finally_led_a_mounted_charge_of_the_1st_Michigan_Cavalry_Regiment_and_broke_the_Confederate_assault__foiling_Gen._Robert_E._Lee's_plan_to_have_Stuart_attack_the_Union_armys_rear_in_conjunction_with_Picketts_Charge._(The_following_May,_Custer_would_lead_a_charge_that_would_result_in_Stuarts_death.)_Custer's_style_of_battle_sometimes_bordered_on_reckless_or_foolhardy._He_often_impulsively_gathered_up_whatever_cavalrymen_he_could_find_in_his_vicinity_and_led_them_personally_in_bold_assaults_directly_into_enemy_positions._One_of_his_greatest_attributes_during_the_Civil_War_was_luck,_and_he_needed_it_to_survive_some_of_these_charges:_on_one_occasion,_Custer_fell_from_his_wounded_horse_directly_before_the_enemy_and_became_the_target_of_numerous_enemy_rifles,_but_was_rescued_by_the_bugler,_who_galloped_up,_shot_Custer's_nearest_assailant,_and_allowed_Custer_to_mount_behind_him_for_a_dash_to_safety._In_May_1864,_Custer_was_given_command_of_the_3rd_Cavalry_Division_after_the_Wilderness_Campaign._Serving_under_Gen._Philip_H._Sheridan_in_the_final_year_of_the_war,_Custer_distinguished_himself_on_numerous_battlefields,_especially_during_the_Appomattox_Campaign,_but_also_gained_notoriety_for_his_role_in_what_Shenandoah_residents_would_remember_as_the_Burning_of_the_Valley._His_performance_earned_him_a_promotion_to_major_general_immediately_after_the_war_and_a_lasting_reputation_as_a_brilliant_cavalryman._In_April_1865,_Lee_began_his_final_retreat_to_Appomattox_Court_House,_pursued_mercilessly_by_the_Union_cavalry;_Custers_division_blocked_Lee's_retreat_on_its_final_day_and_received_the_first_flag_of_truce._Custer_was_present_at_the_surrender_of_Lees_army,_and_the_table_upon_which_the_surrender_was_signed_was_presented_to_him_as_a_gift._After_the_war,_Custer_was_offered_command_of_the_10th_Cavalry_as_a_colonel,_but_instead_chose_the_7th_U.S._Cavalry_as_a_lieutenant_colonel._It_was_while_commanding_this_regiment_that_he_gained_immortality_through_his_stunning_defeat_fighting_Sioux_and_Cheyenne_in_the_Little_Bighorn_Valley_on_June_25,_1876._Custer_is_buried_in_the_West_Point_Cemetery._(Bio_by_Scott_Jennings)	cav_____
387	Doubleday,_A.	Gen387.pcx	1	26	0	215	22	50	1	6	5	3	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	10	14	14	0	Maj._Gen._Abner_Doubleday_(b._1819,_d._1893)._Doubleday_was_born_in_Ballston_Spa,_New_York._Having_practiced_as_a_surveyor_and_civil_engineer_for_two_years,_he_entered_West_Point_in_1838_and_graduated_in_1842_(24th_out_of_56)._An_artilleryman,_he_served_in_coastal_garrisons_and_then_in_the_Mexican_War_(1846-48)_and_Third_Seminole_War_(1856-58)._On_April_12,_1861_he_was_serving_as_a_captain_and_second_in_command_of_the_Federal_garrison_at_Fort_Sumter_when_it_was_bombarded_by_the_Confederates:_in_fact,_it_was_Doubleday_who_aimed_the_cannon_that_fired_the_first_shot_returned_in_answer__for_which_he_subsequently_referred_to_himself_as_the_hero_of_Sumter._Doubleday_was_promoted_to_major_in_May,_and_commanded_the_Artillery_Department_in_the_Shenandoah_Valley_from_June_to_August,_and_then_the_artillery_for_Gen._Nathaniel_P._Banks_division_in_the_Army_of_the_Potomac._Doubleday_was_appointed_brigadier_general_in_February_1862,_and_his_first_combat_assignment_was_to_lead_a_brigade_in_Gen._John_Popes_Army_of_Virginia_at_the_Battle_of_Second_Bull_Run,_during_which_his_men_were_routed_by_Gen._James_Longstreets_corps_on_the_first_day_but_effectively_covered_the_armys_retreat_on_the_second._At_Antietam,_he_earned_promotion_to_major_general_by_leading_his_men_into_the_deadly_fighting_in_the_Cornfield_and_the_West_Woods,_where_he_was_wounded_when_an_artillery_shell_exploded_near_his_horse_and_he_was_violently_thrown._The_following_year,_Doubledays_division_was_the_first_infantry_on_the_field_to_reinforce_the_cavalry_division_of_Gen._John_Buford_at_Gettysburg._When_his_corps_commander,_Gen._John_F._Reynolds,_was_killed_early_in_the_fighting_on_the_first_day,_Doubleday_found_himself_in_command_of_I_Corps._His_men_fought_well_in_the_morning,_putting_up_a_stout_resistance,_but_as_overwhelming_Confederate_forces_massed_against_them,_their_line_eventually_broke_and_they_retreated_back_to_the_relative_safety_of_Cemetery_Hill._It_was_Doubledays_finest_performance_during_the_war:_five_hours_leading_9,500_men_in_a_ferocious_defense_against_16,000_men_in_ten_brigades,_seven_of_which_incurred_casualties_ranging_from_35%_to_50%._The_next_day,_Gen._George_G._Meade,_the_Union_commander,_replaced_Doubleday_with_Gen._John_Newton,_a_more_junior_officer_from_another_corps._The_reason_given_was_an_erroneous_report_by_Gen._Oliver_O._Howard_that_Doubledays_corps_broke_first,_causing_the_entire_Union_line_to_collapse,_but_the_explanation_might_lie_in_Meades_long_history_of_disdain_for_Doubledays_combat_effectiveness._Doubleday_was_humiliated_by_the_snub_and_held_a_lasting_grudge_against_Meade,_but_he_returned_to_division_command_and_fought_well_for_the_remainder_of_the_battle._After_Gettysburg,_Doubleday_asked_to_be_restored_to_command_of_I_Corps_but_Meade_refused._He_then_left_for_Washington,_D.C.,_where_he_assumed_mostly_administrative_duties_for_its_defenses,_briefly_seeing_action_for_the_last_time_during_Gen._Jubal_A._Earlys_attempted_raid_on_the_capital_in_1864._While_in_Washington,_Doubleday_testified_against_Meade,_criticizing_him_harshly_for_his_conduct_at_Gettysburg._After_the_war,_Doubleday_remained_in_the_army_until_1873,_dying_of_heart_disease_twenty_years_later._Though_a_competent_combat_general_who_fought_in_many_important_battles,_he_is_more_famous_as_the_one_credited_with_inventing_baseball,_supposedly_in_1839_in_Cooperstown,_New_York._However,_there_is_considerable_evidence_to_dispute_this_claim:_none_of_Doubledays_papers_or_letters_describes_baseball_or_reveals_any_involvement_in_the_games_evolution;_Doubleday_was_at_West_Point_in_1839;_and,_his_family_had_moved_away_from_Cooperstown_in_1838._He_is_more_clearly_linked_to_another_invention:_while_stationed_in_San_Francisco_in_1869-71,_he_took_out_a_patent_for_the_cable_car_railway_that_still_runs_there_today._Doubleday_is_buried_in_Arlington_National_Cemetery._(Bio_by_Scott_Jennings)	_mex____
420	Gregg,_D.M.	Gen420.pcx	1	44	0	215	25	50	1	3	3	5	6	6	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	16	24	11	0	nobio	cav____wp_
517	Lyon,_N.	Gen517.pcx	1	0	14	126	19	200	2	5	3	5	6	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	16	14	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Nathaniel_Lyon_(b._1818,_d._1861)._Though_killed_just_four_months_after_the_firing_on_Fort_Sumter,_the_first_Union_general_to_fall_during_the_Civil_War,_Lyon_played_a_vital_roll_in_the_conflict_by_helping_to_ensure_that_the_Union_retained_control_of_Missouri._Lyon_was_born_on_a_farm_in_Ashford,_Connecticut._His_relatives_had_fought_in_the_American_Revolution_and_he_was_determined_to_follow_in_their_footsteps._In_1837,_he_applied_to_West_Point_and_graduated_in_1841_(11th_out_of_52)._He_was_assigned_to_the_2nd_U.S._Infantry_and_served_with_them_in_the_Seminole_and_the_Mexican_Wars._Despite_denouncing_American_involvement_in_the_Mexican_War,_he_was_promoted_to_1st_lieutenant_for_conspicuous_bravery_in_capturing_enemy_artillery_at_the_Battle_for_Mexico_City_and_was_brevetted_to_captain_for_later_battles._Lyon_was_then_posted_to_the_frontier,_where_he_participated_in_the_massacre_of_the_Pomo_Indians_at_Clear_Lake,_California_in_1850._His_time_serving_in_Kansas_made_him_an_ardent_opponent_of_slavery,_and_his_passion_was_such_that_he_violated_his_orders_to_support_the_free-state_cause_there._Arriving_in_St._Louis_in_February_1861_in_command_of_his_old_unit_in_Mexico,_Company_D_of_the_2nd_U.S._Infantry,_Lyon_found_a_troubling_situation:_while_the_state_of_Missouri_was_relatively_neutral_in_the_dispute_between_North_and_South,_Gov._Claiborne_F._Jackson_was_a_strong_Southern_sympathizer_with_designs_on_the_citys_Federal_arsenal__which_the_army_would_be_unable_to_prevent_if_Jackson_led_the_state_out_of_the_Union._Lyon_attempted_to_strengthen_the_defenses,_but_came_into_opposition_from_his_superiors,_so_he_took_advantage_of_his_friendship_with_the_prominent_abolitionist_Francis_P._Blair,_Jr._to_have_himself_named_commander_of_the_arsenal._When_the_Civil_War_broke_out_and_Pres._Abraham_Lincoln_called_for_troops_to_put_down_the_rebellion,_Missouri_was_asked_to_supply_four_regiments._Jackson_refused_the_request_and_ordered_the_Missouri_State_Guard_to_muster_outside_St._Louis_under_the_stated_purpose_of_training_for_home_defense._Lyon_disguised_himself_as_a_farm_woman_to_spy_on_Camp_Jackson_and_discovered_that_they_planned_to_seize_the_arsenal_for_Missouri_troops._Lyon_had_secretly_moved_most_of_the_weapons_in_the_arsenal_to_Springfield,_Illinois_two_weeks_earlier,_but_to_deter_the_attack_he_led_his_Federal_troops_into_the_camp_and_arrested_the_militiamen_on_May_10._Riots_broke_out_in_St._Louis_as_Lyon_marched_his_prisoners_through_the_city,_leading_to_twenty-eight_deaths_when_Lyons_troops_opened_fire_on_the_civilian_crowd:_the_St._Louis_Massacre,_as_it_came_to_be_known._Having_been_promoted_to_brigadier_general_and_given_command_over_the_Union_troops_in_Missouri,_Lyon_(along_with_Blair)_personally_met_with_Jackson_and_State_Guard_commander_Sterling_Price_on_June_11_in_a_futile_attempt_to_resolve_their_differences__a_meeting_which_ended_with_Lyon_declaring,_This_means_war!_Lyon_moved_up_the_Missouri_River_and_captured_the_state_capital_at_Jefferson_City_two_days_later,_forcing_Jackson_and_many_other_elected_officials_to_retreat_to_the_southwest_part_of_the_state._In_his_place,_Lyon_installed_a_pro-Union_state_government_under_Gov._Hamilton_R._Gamble,_who_had_been_a_leading_force_behind_the_states_decision_not_to_secede._Lyon_expanded_his_army_to_6,000_men_and_pursued_Price,_who_in_July_joined_up_with_Gen._Ben_McCulloch_to_create_a_force_numbering_about_12,000._The_armies_met_on_the_morning_of_August_10_a_few_miles_south_of_Springfield,_Missouri,_and_engaged_in_the_Battle_of_Wilsons_Creek._Lyon,_who_had_already_been_wounded_twice_in_the_fighting,_was_shot_in_the_head,_leg,_and_chest,_killing_him_as_he_was_rallying_his_badly_outnumbered_men._Although_the_Union_was_defeated,_Lyon_had_effectively_eliminated_the_threat_of_pro-Confederate_forces_in_Missouri._Lyon_is_buried_in_a_family_plot_in_Ashford._(Bio_by_Scott_Jennings)	_mex___wp_
534	Heth,_H.	Gen534.pcx	2	24	0	216	31	50	1	5	5	2	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	17	-1	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
585	Lee,_F.	Gen585.pcx	2	37	0	216	31	50	1	5	5	6	6	7	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	13	2	11	14	0	Maj._Gen._Fitzhugh_Lee_(b._1835,_d._1905)._Lee_was_born_into_a_family_with_a_great_military_tradition,_and_devoted_much_of_his_life_to_continuing_it:_the_grandson_of_Revolutionary_War_her_Gen._Henry_Light_Horse_Harry_Lee,_nephew_of_both_Robert_E._Lee_and_Gen._Samuel_Cooper_(on_his_mothers_side),_and_son_of_longtime_U.S._Navy_officer_Sydney_Smith_Lee,_he_served_as_a_major_general_in_two_different_armies_in_two_different_conflicts._Lee_was_born_in_Fairfax_County,_Virginia,_on_November_19,_1835,_growing_up_at_Clermont,_his_maternal_grandfathers_home_in_nearby_Alexandria._He_attended_the_U.S._Military_Academy_and_graduated_45th_among_49_in_the_Class_of_1856._He_was_lucky_to_graduate,_nearly_having_been_expelled_by_his_uncle_for_misbehavior._After_graduation,_he_was_assigned_to_instruct_recruits_at_the_cavalry_school_at_Carlisle_Barracks,_Pennsylvania,_and_later_was_posted_to_the_Texas_frontier_with_the_2nd_Cavalry._In_a_pursuit_of_nearly_2,000_Kiowa_and_Comanche_warriors_near_the_Washita_River,_Lee_was_shot_through_both_lungs_with_an_arrow_in_1859,_but_stayed_on_the_field_until_the_action_ended._After_his_recovery,_which_took_three_months,_he_returned_to_West_Point_as_an_assistant_instructor_of_tactics_at_the_rank_of_1st_lieutenant._In_May_of_1861,_he_resigned_from_the_U.S._Army_to_take_a_position_in_the_Confederate_Army_with_the_same_rank._At_the_Battle_of_First_Bull_Run,_on_July_21,_Lee_served_on_the_staff_of_Gen._Richard_S._Ewell,_who_was_commanding_a_brigade_in_Gen._P.G.T._Beauregards_Army_of_the_Potomac._He_was_appointed_Lieutenant_Colonel_of_the_1st_Virginia_Cavalry_in_August_1861_and_quickly_became_a_favorite_of_cavalry_commander_Gen._J.E.B._Stuart,_playing_a_major_role_in_operations_of_the_cavalry_corps_of_the_Army_of_Northern_Virginia._For_services_in_the_Peninsular_Campaign_the_following_spring_and_early_summer,_Lee_earned_promotion_to_brigadier_general_on_July_24,_1862_(while_Stuart_rose_to_major_general_and_was_given_command_of_the_armys_newly_formed_cavalry_division)._Having_performed_well_during_the_Maryland_Campaign_of_September_1862,_at_Chancellorsville_in_May_1863_(when_he_discovered_the_Unions_exposed_right_flank),_and_during_the_Gettysburg_Campaign_two_months_later,_he_was_promoted_to_major_general,_dating_to_August_3,_1863,_and_given_a_cavalry_division_in_Stuarts_new_cavalry_corps._At_Spotsylvania_Court_House_in_early_May_1864,_Lees_division_made_a_stand_that_kept_the_Unions_I_Corps_from_securing_a_vital_crossroads_in_advance_of_Gen._Ulysses_S._Grants_arrival_with_the_main_column._During_the_Shenandoah_Valley_Campaign_that_began_that_August,_Lee_commanded_the_cavalry_under_Gen._Jubal_Early_until_he_was_wounded_at_the_Third_Battle_of_Winchester_on_September_19,_leaving_him_out_of_action_for_a_few_months._When_Gen._Wade_Hampton,_who_commanded_the_cavalry_corps_after_Stuart_was_killed_on_May_12,_was_ordered_to_North_Carolina_in_January_1865,_Lee_ascended_to_corps_command._He_last_saw_major_action_on_April_1_in_the_Battle_of_Five_Forks,_the_defeat_that_forced_his_uncle_to_withdraw_from_Petersburg_and_surrender_at_Appomattox_Court_House_on_April_9._Following_the_war,_Lee_took_up_farming_in_Stafford_County,_Virginia._He_also_wrote_a_biography_of_his_uncle_and_works_about_other_Civil_War_topics._Turning_to_politics,_he_served_as_Virginias_governor_from_1886-1890._After_this_he_was_president_of_the_Pittsburgh_&_Virginia_Railroad._After_an_unsuccessful_run_for_U.S._Senate,_Lee_was_appointed_consul-general_at_Havana_by_Pres._Grover_Cleveland_in_1896._At_the_start_of_the_Spanish-American_War,_Lee_was_commissioned_as_a_major_general_of_volunteers,_and_after_the_war_ended_he_was_appointed_the_military_governor_of_Havana._Lee_retired_with_the_rank_of_brigadier_general_in_the_regular_army_in_1901,_and_died_in_Washington,_D.C.,_on_April_28,_1905._He_was_buried_in_Hollywood_Cemetery_in_Richmond._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	cav_____
612	McLaws,_L.	Gen612.pcx	2	16	0	216	6	50	1	3	5	2	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	19	7	0	0	0	nobio	_____
616	Magruder,_J.B.	Gen616.pcx	2	0	0	216	31	200	2	5	3	2	5	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	12	-1	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._John_Bankhead_Magruder_(b._1807,_d._1871)._Not_many_men_could_make_the_same_claim_as_Magruder:_Prince_John_served_in_two_losing_armies_during_the_1860s,_reaching_major_general_both_in_Confederate_service_and_in_the_service_of_Emperor_Maximilian_of_Mexico._Born_in_Port_Royal,_Virginia,_on_May_1,_1807,_Magruder_began_to_make_a_name_for_himself_during_his_time_at_the_U.S._Military_Academy._He_graduated_15th_in_the_Class_of_1830_and_saw_action_both_in_the_2nd_Seminole_War_and_the_Mexican_War._He_earned_his_nickname,_Prince_John,_around_this_time_for_being_very_active_on_the_social_scene__which,_it_was_alleged,_helped_to_end_his_1831_marriage_to_Henrietta_Von_Kapff._Their_union_produced_three_children,_but_she_moved_to_Italy,_taking_their_children_with_her._As_an_artillery_officer,_Magruder_earned_three_brevets_for_gallant_and_meritorious_service_during_the_Mexican_War,_seeing_action_from_Vera_Cruz_to_Mexico_City._Just_prior_to_the_Civil_War,_he_was_commanding_an_artillery_unit_in_Washington,_D.C.,_but_on_April_20,_1861,_eight_days_after_the_bombardment_of_Fort_Sumter,_he_resigned_from_the_U.S._Army._Less_than_two_months_later,_on_June_10,_Magruder_commanded_the_Confederate_troops_at_the_first_battle_of_the_war,_Big_Bethel__a_Confederate_victory_in_which_they_lost_just_one_man,_North_Carolinas_Henry_L._Wyatt._For_this_achievement,_Magruder_was_appointed_a_brigadier_general_in_the_Provisional_Confederate_Army_on_June_17._Magruder_quickly_became_a_star_of_the_Confederacy:_Hes_the_hero_for_the_times,_the_furious_fighting_Johnny_B._Magruder,_one_ballad_boasted._Magruder_was_boosted_to_major_general_on_October_7,_1861._His_Army_of_the_Peninsula_command,_which_included_Norfolk_and_Yorktown,_came_under_attack_at_the_start_of_Gen._George_B._McClellans_Peninsular_Campaign_the_following_spring,_as_the_Union_commander_attempted_to_take_Richmond_by_moving_up_the_Virginia_Peninsula._Magruders_most_famous_achievement_during_this_campaign__and,_arguably,_the_war__was_the_ruse_he_used_to_fool_McClellan_into_inflating_his_estimate_of_the_size_of_Confederate_forces_outside_Yorktown:_by_visibly_shifting_his_13,000_men_around,_Magruder_created_the_illusion_that_his_army_was_much_closer_in_strength_to_McClellans_55,000-man_force_than_it_was._The_Union_commander,_wishing_neither_to_attack_outright_nor_siege_so_large_a_force_that_was_dug_in_on_the_far_side_of_the_Warwick_River,_slowed_his_advance_long_enough_to_give_Gen._Joseph_E._Johnston_the_time_to_prepare_defenses_in_front_of_Richmond._At_Mechanicsville_on_June_26,_Magruder_again_caused_McClellan_to_miscalculate_the_size_of_the_enemys_force,_by_demonstrating_against_his_forces_on_the_south_side_of_the_Chickahominy_River_and_thus_convincing_him_that_he_could_not_reinforce_one_wing_of_his_army_with_the_other._Despite_these_successes,_however,_Magruder_quickly_fell_out_of_favor_after_the_rest_of_the_Seven_Days_Campaign,_during_which_his_command_failed_to_capitalize_on_chances_to_inflict_more_damage_on_the_enemy,_and_Magruder_came_under_fire_for_a_lack_of_aggressiveness._(It_has_been_alleged_that_an_allergic_reaction_to_medication_caused_this_relative_lethargy.)_During_a_period_of_army_reorganization,_Magruder_was_designated_for_command_in_the_District_of_Texas,_New_Mexico_and_Arizona._On_January_1,_1863,_he_recaptured_Galveston,_seizing_the_Union_ship_Harriet_Lane_to_break_the_blockade._He_served_for_the_rest_of_the_war_in_this_command,_adding_Arkansas_to_his_department_late_in_the_war._After_the_Civil_War,_Magruder_did_not_wait_to_be_paroled:_instead,_like_some_of_his_fellow_Confederates,_he_joined_the_forces_of_Emperor_Maximilian_in_Mexico,_and_also_headed_the_land_office._After_the_fall_of_Maximilians_government,_Magruder_moved_back_to_Houston,_where_he_died_(likely_of_heart_disease)_on_February_18,_1871._He_is_buried_in_Galveston._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	art_mex___wp_
632	Morgan,_J.H.	Gen632.pcx	2	46	88	216	11	50	1	7	3	5	6	8	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4	9	5	17	0	Brig._Gen._John_Hunt_Morgan_(b._1825,_d._1864)._They_are_having_a_stampede_in_Kentucky,_please_look_into_it,_stated_Pres._Abraham_Lincoln_to_his_field_commanders_about_Morgan,_the_consummate_raider_who_became_known_as_the_Thunderbolt_of_the_Confederacy_for_his_four_raids_into_Kentucky,_Indiana_and_Ohio,_which_caused_great_damage_and_forced_Union_commanders_to_relocate_troops_that_otherwise_could_have_been_on_the_front_lines._Morgan_was_born_in_Huntsville,_Alabama,_on_June_1,_1825._He_moved_with_his_family_to_Kentucky_as_a_youth,_and_some_years_later_was_dismissed_from_Transylvania_College_for_boisterous_behavior._Morgan_joined_the_1st_Kentucky_Cavalry_as_a_1st_lieutenant_for_the_Mexican_War_and_earned_distinction_at_Buena_Vista._After_the_war,_he_became_a_hemp_manufacturer_in_Lexington_and_also_organized_a_militia_unit_in_1857,_supplying_Lexington_Rifles_at_his_own_expense._When_Kentucky_decided_to_remain_in_the_Union,_Morgan,_accompanied_by_his_men,_joined_the_Confederate_Army_as_a_cavalry_captain._He_was_promoted_to_Colonel_of_the_2nd_Kentucky_Cavalry_Regiment_on_April_4,_1862._Just_two_days_later,_he_fought_at_the_Battle_of_Shiloh._The_savage_slaughter_of_that_battle_reportedly_played_a_role_in_Morgans_decision_to_operate_as_a_raider,_traveling_light_and_living_off_the_land._Serving_in_Gen._Braxton_Braggs_Army_of_Tennessee,_Morgan_began_to_make_his_name_with_his_first_raid_through_Kentucky_in_July_and_August_of_1862,_during_which_he_was_able_to_delay_Gen._Don_C._Buells_movements_by_several_weeks._During_Morgans_second_raid,_he_and_his_men_raided_from_October_18_through_November,_briefly_holding_Morgans_hometown_of_Lexington,_destroying_Union_wagon_trains_and_railroad_tracks,_and_hindering_Gen._William_S._Rosecrans_movements._Morgans_operations_sent_shockwaves_through_the_Northern_press,_and_it_was_figured_that_20,000_Union_troops_were_diverted_from_combat_operations_to_deal_with_his_threat._In_action_at_Hartville,_Tennessee,_Morgan_captured_1,700_prisoners,_earning_him_a_promotion_to_brigadier_general_on_December_11,_1862._Hunts_third_raid_of_1862,_known_as_the_Christmas_Raid,_was_his_first_in_divisional_command._This_raid_was_meant_to_disrupt_Rosecrans_in_his_upcoming_move_against_Bragg_at_Murfreesboro,_Tennessee._At_the_cost_of_26_casualties,_Morgan_was_able_to_accomplish_his_task._With_the_Confederacy_at_a_critical_point_in_both_the_eastern_and_western_theaters_on_July_2,_1863,_since_the_Army_of_Northern_Virginia_had_penetrated_into_Pennsylvania_and_Vicksburg_was_on_the_verge_of_surrendering,_Morgan_began_his_longest_raid,_which_saw_his_forces_go_further_north_than_any_other_Confederates._The_results_were_mixed:_while_having_caused_the_Union_enormous_trouble_and_relieved_pressure_on_Braggs_army,_Morgans_Great_Raid_also_led_to_the_loss_of_some_of_the_Souths_finest_cavalrymen,_and_its_conclusion_was_a_blow_to_Confederate_morale._This_raid_started_with_hard_fights_at_Green_River_and_in_Lebanon,_Kentucky,_where_Morgans_youngest_brother,_Thomas,_was_killed._Morgans_units_then_crossed_the_Ohio_River_at_Brandenburg,_Kentucky._Raiding_through_Indiana_and_Ohio,_Morgan_was_defeated_at_Buffington_Island,_Ohio_by_a_force_of_Home_Guards_and_Union_regulars._He_and_his_remaining_men_rode_for_another_week_before_being_captured_near_New_Lisbon,_Ohio,_on_July_26._Morgan_and_many_of_his_officers_were_imprisoned_in_the_Ohio_State_Penitentiary,_but_escaped_and_rejoined_the_Confederate_Army._Having_been_placed_in_charge_of_the_Department_of_Southwestern_Virginia_in_April_1864,_Morgan_was_on_the_way_to_attack_Union_forces_near_Knoxville_when_he_was_surprised_near_Greeneville,_Tennessee,_on_September_3._In_this_engagement,_Morgan_was_killed_in_the_garden_of_the_house_he_was_sleeping_in,_reportedly_by_a_Union_private_who_previously_had_served_under_him._Morgan_was_buried_in_Lexington,_Kentucky._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_mex____
642	Chamberlain,_J.L.	Gen642.pcx	1	82	0	215	13	50	1	7	5	3	8	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	22	22	20	2	0	nobio	_____
798	Anderson,_R.H.	Gen798.pcx	2	13	0	216	6	50	1	5	5	3	8	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	14	10	1	0	nobio	cav__art___
801	Armistead,_L.A.	Gen801.pcx	2	30	62	216	31	50	1	6	5	3	7	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	22	13	14	14	0	Brig._Gen._Lewis_Addison_Armistead_(b._1817,_d._1863)._A_North_Carolinian,_Armistead_attended_the_Military_Academy_at_West_Point,_but_was_expelled_either_for_poor_academic_performance_or_for_breaking_a_plate_over_the_head_of_future_Confederate_General_Jubal_Early_(or_for_a_combination_of_the_two)._Despite_his_failure_to_graduate,_his_father,_Gen._Walker_K._Armistead,_a_veteran_of_the_War_of_1812,_secured_for_him_a_position_as_a_2nd_lieutenant,_and_he_went_on_to_serve_in_the_Seminole_Wars_of_1835-1842_(fighting_under_the_elder_Armisteads_command)_and_later_in_the_Mexican-American_War._His_heroism,_especially_at_Chapultepec,_earned_him_a_brevet_to_major._When_the_Civil_War_broke_out,_Armistead_received_was_initially_made_a_major_in_the_Confederate_army,_but_was_quickly_promoted_to_Colonel_of_the_57th_Virginia_Infantry._He_served_in_the_western_part_of_Virginia,_but_soon_returned_to_the_eastern_part_of_the_state_and_joined_the_Army_of_Northern_Virginia._Armistead_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general_on_April_1,_1862_and_fought_as_a_brigade_commander_under_Gen._Robert_E._Lee_during_the_Seven_Days_Battles_of_June_25-July_1,_1862,_most_notably_being_chosen_to_spearhead_the_bloody,_senseless_assault_on_Malvern_Hill._Two_months_later,_he_led_Gen._James_Longstreets_assault_at_Second_Bull_Run,_and_at_Antietam_he_served_as_the_provost_marshal_for_the_army,_which_required_dealing_with_the_high_levels_of_desertion_that_plagued_the_army_in_that_campaign._Armisteads_most_famous_moment_in_the_Civil_War_came_at_the_Battle_of_Gettysburg,_which_he_joined_late_on_the_second_day,_July_2nd,_1863._Being_attached_to_the_division_led_by_Maj._Gen._George_E._Pickett,_Armisteads_brigade_represented_an_important_component_of_Picketts_Charge._Armistead_led_his_brigade_from_the_front,_waving_his_hat_from_the_tip_of_his_sword,_and_reached_the_stone_wall_at_the_Angle,_which_served_as_the_charge's_objective._In_doing_so,_his_brigade_got_farther_in_the_charge_than_any_other__an_accomplishment_widely_recognized_as_the_High_Watermark_of_the_Confederacy._The_brigade,_however,_was_quickly_overwhelmed_by_a_Union_counterattack,_and_Armistead_himself_was_shot_three_times_just_after_crossing_the_wall._As_his_captors_tended_to_him,_he_was_informed_that_his_old_friend,_Union_Gen._Winfield_S._Hancock,_had_been_commanding_this_part_of_the_defensive_line,_and_that_he,_too,_had_just_been_wounded._In_a_scene_made_famous_in_literature_and_film__and_based_on_contemporary_accounts__Armistead_had_said_to_Hancock_shortly_before_taking_up_arms_against_the_Union_that_if_he_should_ever_lead_troops_in_battle_against_his_friend_Hancock,_God_should_strike_me_dead._Though_only_wounded_in_the_arm_and_left_leg,_exhaustion_and_a_broken_spirit_led_Armistead_to_succumb_two_days_later_in_a_Union_field_hospital;_his_friend_Hancock_survived_his_wounds._Armistead_is_buried_next_to_his_uncle,_George_Armistead,_the_commander_of_Fort_McHenry_during_the_famous_British_bombardment_during_the_War_of_1812,_at_the_Old_Saint_Paul's_Cemetery_in_Baltimore,_Maryland._(Bio_by_Scott_Jennings)	____wp_
835	Pender,_W.D.	Gen835.pcx	2	34	60	216	23	50	1	5	6	5	5	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	4	15	15	0	Maj._Gen._William_Dorsey_Pender_(b._1834,_d._1863)._At_first_glance,_the_shell_fragment_that_hit_Pender_in_the_leg_during_the_Battle_of_Gettysburg_was_not_considered_life-threatening._In_fact,_Pender_shook_it_off_as_trivial__Pender_had_been_wounded_three_times_previously_and_took_pride_in_the_fact_he_had_not_left_the_field_following_each_of_those_wounds._But_what_was_not_trivial_was_the_infection_which_followed_during_the_armys_retreat_from_Pennsylvania._By_the_time_he_arrived_by_ambulance_in_Staunton,_Virginia,_emergency_amputation_was_the_only_option._Pender_did_not_survive_the_surgery,_dying_on_July_18,_1863_at_the_age_of_twenty-nine._Pender_was_greatly_mourned_among_the_general_staff._No_man_fell_during_the_bloody_battle_of_Gettysburg_more_regretted_than_he,_nor_around_whose_youthful_brow_were_clustered_brighter_rays_of_glory,_wrote_Gen._A.P._Hill._His_promise_and_usefulness_as_an_officer_were_only_equaled_by_the_purity_and_excellence_of_his_private_life,_stated_Gen._Robert_E._Lee._Pender_was_born_on_February_6,_1834,_in_Edgecomb_County,_North_Carolina._In_his_early_life,_he_received_education_in_common_schools_and_worked_in_his_brothers_general_store_before_receiving_an_appointment_to_the_U.S._Military_Academy_at_West_Point_at_the_age_of_sixteen._Pender_graduated_19th_in_the_46-member_class_of_1854._His_U.S._Army_service_came_with_the_1st_Dragoons_on_the_Pacific_coast,_where_he_gained_field_experience_in_Indian_skirmishes._Pender_resigned_his_commission_on_March_21,_1861,_one_of_the_first_U.S._Army_officers_to_do_so._He_entered_Confederate_service_as_Colonel_of_the_3rd_North_Carolina_Volunteers_(later_the_13th_North_Carolina_Infantry)._His_regiment_was_attached_to_Gen._William_H.C._Whitings_brigade_in_Gustavus_W._Smiths_division,_and_its_first_action_was_at_Williamsburg,_Virginia._Penders_conduct_in_the_Peninsular_Campaign,_especially_at_Seven_Pines,_led_to_his_promotion_to_brigadier_general_on_June_3,_1862._Pender_was_given_a_brigade_in_Hills_Light_Division._Beginning_with_the_Seven_Days_Campaign,_Pender_commanded_his_brigade_with_distinction_at_battles_such_as_Cedar_Mountain,_Harpers_Ferry,_Antietam_(where_it_was_said_that_Hills_division_saved_Lees_army),_Fredericksburg_and_Chancellorsville._It_was_at_the_last_two_battles_that_he_received_his_three_previous_wounds:_one_at_Fredericksburg_and_two_at_Chancellorsville._When_the_Army_of_Northern_Virginia_was_reorganized_with_A.P._Hill_taking_command_of_a_corps,_Pender_was_promoted_to_major_general,_on_May_27,_1863,_to_take_command_of_what_had_been_the_Light_Division,_while_Gen._Alfred_Scales_took_over_Penders_brigade_(and,_ironically,_ended_up_riding_with_him_back_to_Virginia_because_of_a_serious_wound_he_received_at_Seminary_Ridge)._On_the_second_day_of_fighting_at_Gettysburg,_Pender_was_hit_in_the_leg_and_dealt_the_two-inch_by_two-inch_wound_that_doomed_him._Gen._Isaac_Trimble_took_over_Penders_division,_which_participated_in_Picketts_Charge_the_following_day._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	art____wp_
844	Warren,_G.K.	Gen844.pcx	1	41	0	215	22	50	1	5	3	2	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	14	25	0	0	Maj._Gen._Gouverneur_Kemble_Warren_(b._1830,_d._1882)._Born_in_Cold_Spring,_New_York,_Warren_entered_West_Point_at_age_sixteen_and_graduated_second_in_his_class_in_1850._Commissioned_a_2nd_lieutenant_in_the_Corps_of_Topographical_Engineers,_he_conducted_numerous_surveys_and_saw_action_against_the_Sioux._In_May_1861,_Warren_helped_raise_the_5th_New_York_Volunteer_Regiment_and_was_appointed_its_lieutenant_colonel._On_June_10,_this_unit_fought_at_Big_Bethel,_the_first_major_land_engagement_of_the_Civil_War._Warren_was_promoted_to_colonel_of_the_regiment_that_September._In_the_1862_Peninsula_Campaign,_he_assisted_the_chief_topographical_engineer,_Gen._Andrew_A._Humphreys,_by_leading_reconnaissance_missions_and_drawing_detailed_maps_of_appropriate_routes_for_the_army_in_its_advance_up_the_York_Peninsula._After_the_Battle_of_Seven_Pines,_Warren_was_appointed_to_command_a_brigade_in_V_Corps,_and_he_gained_great_distinction_a_month_later_when_he_was_wounded_in_the_knee_at_Gaines_Mill_but_refused_to_leave_the_field._He_continued_to_lead_the_brigade_at_Second_Bull_Run,_suffering_heavy_casualties_in_a_heroic_stand_against_an_overwhelming_enemy_assault._Warren_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general_in_September_1862,_and_the_following_February_became_Gen._Joseph_Hookers_chief_topographical_engineer_and,_later,_chief_engineer._As_Gen._Robert_E._Lee_began_his_invasion_of_Pennsylvania,_Warren_advised_Hooker_on_the_routes_the_army_should_take_in_pursuit._On_the_second_day_of_Gettysburg,_Warren_initiated_the_defense_of_Little_Round_Top,_recognizing_the_importance_of_the_undefended_position_on_the_left_flank_of_the_Union_Army,_and_on_his_own_initiative_directed_a_brigade_to_occupy_it_just_minutes_before_it_was_attacked._Promoted_to_major_general_of_volunteers_that_August,_Warren_commanded_II_Corps_until_March_1864,_replacing_the_wounded_Gen._Winfield_S._Hancock,_and_distinguished_himself_at_Bristoe_Station._Upon_Hancocks_return,_Warren_assumed_command_of_V_Corps._During_the_final_campaigns_in_the_East,_Warren_established_a_reputation_of_bringing_his_engineering_traits_of_deliberation_and_caution_to_the_role_of_infantry_corps_commander._The_aggressive_Gen._Philip_H._Sheridan,_a_key_subordinate_of_Gen._Ulysses_S._Grant,_was_dissatisfied_with_Warrens_performance,_especially_for_his_corps_obstructing_roads_after_the_Battle_of_the_Wilderness_and_its_lack_of_success_during_the_Siege_of_Petersburg._At_the_beginning_of_the_Appomattox_Campaign,_Grant_ignored_Sheridans_wishes_by_assigning_him_V_Corps_for_pursuit_of_Lees_army,_but_gave_written_permission_to_relieve_Warren_if_he_felt_it_was_justified_for_the_good_of_the_service._At_Five_Forks,_Sheridan_became_enraged_when_he_perceived_that_the_V_Corps_moved_too_slowly_into_the_attack,_and_faulted_Warren_for_not_being_at_the_front_of_his_columns._Warren,_in_fact,_was_handling_dispositions_of_his_divisions_in_a_proper_manner_for_a_corps_commander,_and_the_attack_by_the_V_Corps_carried_the_day_in_what_was_arguably_the_pivotal_battle_against_Lee_in_the_final_days._Nevertheless,_Sheridan_relieved_Warren_of_command_on_the_spot._Humiliated,_Warren_resigned_his_commission_in_protest_in_May,_reverting_to_his_permanent_rank_as_major_in_the_Corps_of_Engineers._The_career_that_had_shown_so_much_promise_at_Gettysburg_was_ruined._Warren_requested_a_court_of_inquiry_to_exonerate_him_from_the_stigma_of_Sheridans_action,_but_his_many_requests_were_ignored_or_refused_until_Grant_left_the_presidency._Pres._Rutherford_B._Hayes_ordered_such_an_inquiry_in_1879_and,_based_on_testimony_from_dozens_of_witnesses,_Sheridans_relief_of_Warren_was_found_to_have_been_unjustified._Unfortunately_for_Warren,_this_was_not_published_until_after_his_death_on_August_8,_1882._At_his_request,_Warren_was_buried_in_his_home_town_in_civilian_clothes_and_without_military_honors._His_last_words_were,_The_flag!_The_flag!_(Bio_by_Scott_Jennings)	__engineer___
851	Sedgwick,_J.	Gen851.pcx	1	15	0	215	3	50	1	5	3	2	5	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	9	19	16	0	0	nobio	cav_mex___wp_
915	Polk,_L.	Gen915.pcx	2	0	0	204	12	200	4	6	2	4	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Lt._Gen._Leonidas_Polk_(b._1806,_d._1864)._The_Bishop-Militant_at_one_time_commanded_much_of_the_Confederate_defenses_before_he_was_killed_while_commanding_a_corps_during_the_Atlanta_Campaign._Polk,_who_left_his_role_as_a_bishop_in_the_Episcopal_Church_to_lead_Confederate_troops,_was_instantly_killed_by_a_cannonball_while_surveying_Federal_positions_with_Gen._Joseph_E._Johnston_and_Gen._William_J._Hardee_on_June_14,_1864,_at_Pine_Mountain,_near_Marietta,_Georgia._Polk,_the_son_of_a_Revolutionary_War_hero,_was_born_in_Raleigh,_North_Carolina,_on_April_10,_1806._He_attended_the_University_of_North_Carolina_for_two_years_before_receiving_an_appointment_to_the_U.S._Military_Academy_and_graduated_with_the_Class_of_1827._He_was_close_friends_with_Jefferson_Davis,_who_was_in_the_next_class._After_graduation,_Polk_resigned_from_the_army_to_enter_the_ministry;_it_was_said_he_that_was_deeply_influenced_by_the_West_Point_chaplain,_before_whom_he_had_professed_his_Christian_faith_and_by_whom_he_was_baptized_in_the_academys_chapel._Polk_received_further_education_in_the_Virginia_Theological_Seminary_and_was_ordained_a_deacon_in_the_Episcopal_Church_in_1830._He_was_appointed_missionary_bishop_to_the_Southwest_in_1836,_and_named_bishop_of_Louisiana_in_1841._He_later_led_a_successful_campaign_to_establish_a_great_Episcopal_university_in_the_South,_and_thus_laid_the_cornerstone_for_the_University_of_the_South_in_Sewanee,_Tennessee,_on_Oct._9,_1860._When_war_broke_out,_Polk,_a_slave-owning_planter,_felt_that_the_Confederacy_was_fighting_for_a_sacred_cause_and_left_the_ministry_to_join_the_army._Appointed_a_major_general_in_the_provisional_Confederate_Army_on_June_25,_1861,_at_the_start_of_the_war,_Polk_commanded_Department_No._2,_which_included_an_enormous_territory_that_Polk_was_charged_with_defending,_stretching_up_the_Mississippi_River_from_the_Red_River_to_the_Tennessee-Kentucky_border._Polks_command_is_marred_by_his_decision_to_send_forces_to_seize_and_fortify_Columbus,_Kentucky,_which_antagonized_that_neutral_state_and_spurred_it_to_side_with_the_Union._Polk_also_organized_the_Army_of_Mississippi,_which_later_became_part_of_the_Army_of_Tennessee,_but_soon_yielded_command_to_Gen._Albert_S._Johnston,_a_former_West_Point_roommate._Under_Johnstons_command,_Polk_fought_against_Gen._Ulysses_S._Grant_at_the_Battle_of_Belmont._When_Johnston_was_killed_at_Shiloh,_Polk_next_served_as_a_corps_commander_under_Gen._Braxton_Bragg_during_the_Kentucky_Campaign,_fighting_at_Perryville_before_his_promotion_to_lieutenant_general_on_Oct._10,_1862._Polk_continued_to_command_a_corps_under_Bragg,_fighting_at_Murfreesboro_and_Chickamauga._The_pair_had_a_strained_relationship,_which_culminated_in_Bragg_ordering_Polk_to_stand_for_court_martial_for_not_attacking_immediately_at_dawn_on_Sept._20,_1863,_at_the_start_of_the_Battle_of_Chickamauga._Pres._Jefferson_Davis_defused_the_situation_by_sending_Polk_to_command_the_Department_of_Alabama,_Mississippi_and_East_Louisiana._Polk_then_opposed_Gen._William_T._Shermans_march_from_Vicksburg_to_Meridian_without_success_while_commanding_of_the_Army_of_Mississippi._When_that_force_was_sent_to_reinforce_the_Army_of_Tennessee,_Polk_found_himself_under_the_command_of_Gen._Joseph_E._Johnston,_and_soon_thereafter_he_was_killed_by_the_artillery_shell._Polk_also_was_known_for_his_distinctive_battle_flags,_a_blue_field_with_a_red_St._Georges_cross_with_eleven_stars._Polk_was_very_popular_with_the_troops._It_is_rumored_that_the_gunner_who_fired_the_fatal_shot_later_committed_suicide_when_he_found_out_that_he_had_killed_a_clergyman._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	__favorite_of_pres_davis__wp_
938	Rodes,_R.E.	Gen938.pcx	2	19	0	216	1	50	1	6	5	3	7	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	14	0	0	Maj._Gen._Robert_E._Rodes_(b._1829,_d._1864)._No_single_death__save_that_of_Jackson,_caused_such_deep_regret_and_bitter_sorrow,_wrote_Brig._Gen._Cullen_A._Battle_(in_Third_Alabama!,_edited_by_Brandon_H._Beck)_following_the_death_of_Maj._Gen_Robert_Emmett_Rodes_at_the_Third_Battle_of_Winchester_on_Sept._19,_1864._Lynchburg,_Virginia,_native_Rodes_attended_Virginia_Military_Institute,_graduating_in_1848._He_instructed_at_V.M.I._until_1851,_when_he_took_a_civil_engineer's_job._He_later_became_the_chief_engineer_of_the_Northeast_&_Southwest_Alabama_Railroad,_but_left_that_post_just_prior_to_the_start_of_conflict_to_return_to_V.M.I._as_a_professor._At_the_start_of_the_war,_Rodes_was_commander_of_the_Warrior_Guards_company_of_the_Fifth_Alabama_Regiment,_but_was_elected_Colonel_of_the_Fifth_Alabama._Combined_with_the_Sixth_Alabama_and_Sixth_Louisiana,_the_units_comprised_Ewell's_Brigade,_fighting_at_the_First_Battle_of_Manassas_(Bull_Run)._In_the_reorganization_of_units,_Rodes_was_given_command_of_an_Alabama_brigade_in_the_division_of_Gen._D.H._Hill_on_Oct._21,_1861._His_brigade_saw_action_in_the_Peninsular_campaign,_and_Rodes_was_wounded_in_his_right_arm_at_Seven_Pines_(Fair_Oaks)._The_brigade_also_fought_at_Gaines'_Mill_and_Malvern_Hill_under_the_command_of_Col._John_B._Gordon._During_the_invasion_of_Maryland,_Rodes'_Brigade_was_thrown_into_action_defending_Turner's_Gap_during_the_Battle_of_Boonsborough_(South_Mountain),_holding_back_the_Army_of_the_Potomac's_veterans_long_enough_for_Southern_units_to_capture_Harpers_Ferry_and_concentrate_in_the_town_of_Sharpsburg._The_brigade_fought_in_the_Sunken_Road_(or_Bloody_Lane)_at_the_Battle_of_Antietam._While_the_brigade_wasn't_featured_at_Fredericksburg,_Rodes_had_a_new_role_for_the_Battle_of_Chancellorsville,_taking_over_as_temporary_division_commander._After_Rodes'_Division,_under_Jackson's_Corps,_played_a_starring_role_in_the_victory,_Rodes_was_made_full_division_commander_with_his_promotion_to_Major_General_May_7,_1863._His_first_action_at_the_new_rank_was_not_his_shining_moment:_failure_to_conduct_reconnaissance_cost_his_division_dearly_in_the_opening_hours_of_the_Battle_of_Gettysburg,_but_success_came_in_a_shattering_attack_on_Paul's_Brigade,_which_opened_the_path_into_Gettysburg._The_division_was_on_the_northern_part_of_the_Confederate_lines_for_the_rest_of_the_battle._Returning_to_Virginia,_Rodes_commanded_his_division_in_the_Overland_Campaign_at_The_Wilderness_and_Spotsylvania_Courthouse._At_the_latter_fight,_Rodes_commanded_the_Bloody_Angle_and_counterattack_at_the_Mule_Shoe._Sent_to_the_Valley_with_Gen._Jubal_Early's_troops,_Rodes'_Division_fought_in_actions_against_Hunter's_Army_in_the_Shenandoah_Valley._Advancing_north_of_the_Potomac_River,_the_division_fought_at_the_battles_of_Monocacy_and_Cool_Springs,_among_other_skirmishes._As_Early's_army_retreated_back_into_Virginia,_it_fought_units_under_the_command_of_Maj._Gen._Philip_H._Sheridan_at_the_Third_Battle_of_Winchester_(Opequon_Creek)_on_Sept._19,_1864._While_leading_a_charge_that_opened_the_lines_of_the_Federal_XIX_and_VI_Corps,_Rodes_was_fatally_wounded_by_artillery._He_was_buried_in_his_native_Lynchburg._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	____vmi_
951	Shelby,_J.O.	Gen951.pcx	2	70	0	216	19	50	1	5	3	6	3	7	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4	17	9	11	0	Brig._Gen._Joseph_O._Shelby_(b._1830,_d._1897)._Acquiring_the_reputation_of_being_the_Nathan_Bedford_Forest_of_the_West_for_his_skills_as_both_a_raider_and_cavalry_leader_in_conventional_battles,_Shelby_fought_longer_than_most_of_his_contemporaries._Born_in_Lexington,_Kentucky_on_Dec._12,_1830_to_a_family_that_included_the_prominent_political_figures_Francis_P._Blair,_Sr._(his_uncle),_Francis_P._Blair,_Jr.,_and_B._Gratz_Brown_(his_cousins),_Shelby_was_educated_at_Transylvania_University._Having_followed_his_two_cousins_to_Missouri,_he_engaged_in_hemp_planting_and_the_manufacture_of_rope_in_the_Missouri_River_communities_Lexington_and_Waverly,_becoming_one_of_the_wealthiest_and_most_influential_citizens._Not_far_from_the_Kansas_border,_Shelby_led_a_band_of_pro-slavery_Kentuckians_in_the_Missouri-Kansas_Border_War_during_the_1850s._At_the_outbreak_of_the_Civil_War,_Shelby__who_had_turned_down_a_captaincy_in_the_Union_army_offered_by_his_cousin_Francis_Blair,_a_future_Union_general__organized_a_Missouri_cavalry_company_and_enlisted_it_into_the_Confederate_forces._Later,_in_June_1862,_Shelby_raised_an_entire_regiment_of_cavalry_in_order_to_earn_his_promotion_to_Colonel,_recruiting_1000_cavalrymen_by_crossing_more_than_500_miles_of_Union-held_territory_in_Missouri_in_four_days._Soon_thereafter,_he_combined_this_cavalry_regiment_with_two_others_from_southwestern_Missouri_to_create_the_Missouri_Cavalry_Brigade,_which_soon_came_to_be_known_as_the_Iron_Brigade._Usually_attached_to_Gen._Sterling_Prices_troops,_Shelby_campaigned_in_nearly_every_major_battle_west_of_the_Mississippi_River,_including_in_the_fighting_at_Carthage,_Wilsons_Creek,_Elkhorn_Tavern,_Helena,_Camden,_and_Pea_Ridge._(It_was_at_Pea_Ridge_that_Shelbys_life_was_saved_by_the_future_outlaw_Frank_James,_for_whom_he_would_later_testify_as_a_character_witness_when_James_was_on_trial_for_murder_in_1883.)_Shelby,_however,_is_more_famous_as_a_raider,_and_he_led_his_brigade_into_Union_territory_four_times,_most_notably_conducting_the_longest_raid_of_the_Civil_War:_a_1500-mile,_41-day_raid_in_late_1863_from_southwestern_Arkansas_to_the_Missouri_River_in_order_to_prevent_the_transfer_of_a_large_number_of_Union_troops_to_Gen._William_S._Rosecranss_command_at_Chattanooga._A_year_later,_Shelby_led_a_division_in_Prices_Missouri_Raid,_having_been_appointed_to_Brigadier_General_to_rank_from_Dec._15,_1863._Shelby_gained_the_reputation_of_being_a_tactical_master,_and_was_praised_highly_by_both_Price_and_Union_Gen._Alfred_Pleasanton,_who_called_him_the_best_cavalry_general_of_the_South._At_the_end_of_the_war,_Shelby_and_others_of_his_command_submerged_their_battle_flag_in_the_Rio_Grande_River_rather_than_surrender_it_and_crossed_into_Mexico,_allying_with_either_Emperor_Maximilian_or_Gen._Benito_Juarez_(it_is_not_known_which)._After_much_confusion_and_the_defeat_of_Maximilian,_Shelby_returned_to_Missouri._Very_popular_in_the_state,_Shelby_refused_all_political_offers_until_1893,_when_he_accepted_a_proposal_from_Pres._Grover_Cleveland_to_become_U.S._Marshal_for_the_Western_District._He_was_serving_in_this_office_when_he_died_on_Feb._13,_1897,_in_Adrian,_Missouri._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	cav_____
259	Pennypacker,_G.	Gen259.pcx	1	98	0	215	25	50	1	6	3	2	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	2	13	14	0	0	Maj._Gen._Galusha_Pennypacker_(b._1844,_d._1916)._Pennypacker,_born_in_Schuylkill_Township_on_June_1,_1844,_grew_up_close_to_the_old_family_farm_on_the_Pickering_Creek_in_Chester_County,_Pennsylvania,_being_raised_by_his_grandmother_after_his_mother_died_and_his_father_left_for_California_when_he_was_four_years_old._The_grandson_of_a_soldier_in_the_Revolutionary_War,_Pennypacker_enlisted_for_three_months_in_the_9th_Pennsylvania_Volunteer_Regiment_when_the_Civil_War_broke_out,_serving_as_quartermaster-sergeant_despite_being_just_sixteen._On_the_expiration_of_his_term_of_enlistment,_he_returned_home_and_recruited_Company_A_of_Pennsylvanias_97th_Infantry,_of_which_he_was_elected_Captain_on_August_22,_1861._Pennypacker_was_promoted_rapidly_and_attained_the_rank_of_Colonel_by_August_15,_1864._Serving_with_distinction_at_Fort_Wagner,_Drewry's_Bluff,_Cold_Harbor,_Petersburg,_Green_Plains,_and_Fort_Fisher,_Pennypacker_during_one_stretch_was_wounded_seven_times_in_eight_months._At_the_Second_Battle_of_Fort_Fisher,_on_January_15,_1865,_he_led_his_brigade_in_a_charge_across_a_traverse_of_the_works_and_planted_the_colors_of_one_of_his_regiments_on_the_parapet_where_he_fell_seriously_wounded._For_his_act_of_gallantry_he_was_awarded_the_Congressional_Medal_of_Honor_in_1891,_in_recognition_of_his_bravery,_his_nearly_mortal_wounds,_and_the_opinion_of_his_superior,_Gen._Alfred_Terry,_that_he_had_been_the_real_hero_of_Fort_Fisher;_more_immediately,_it_earned_him_a_promotion_to_Brigadier_General_effective_the_date_of_the_battle._This_appointment,_coming_when_he_was_just_twenty_made_him_the_youngest_officer_of_that_rank_in_the_war,_and_he_remains_the_youngest_person_to_hold_that_rank_in_the_history_of_the_U.S._Army._Less_than_a_month_after_the_appointment_was_made,_on_March_13,_he_was_brevetted_Major_General._But_the_wounds_he_had_received_at_Fort_Fisher_kept_him_in_the_hospital_until_after_the_war_had_ended,_so_Pennypacker_never_got_to_command_men_in_the_field_as_a_general._A_year_later,_Pennypacker_resigned_from_service,_on_April_30,_1866,_but_the_following_July_he_was_appointed_Colonel_in_the_regular_army_and_assigned_to_the_34th_Infantry._He_was_again_brevetted_Major_General_for_his_conduct_at_Fort_Fisher_and_for_his_services_during_the_war,_and_on_March_15,_1869,_was_transferred_to_the_16th_Infantry,_which_he_commanded_until_his_retirement_in_1883._From_1869_to_1877,_his_regiment_was_established_headquartered_in_Nashville,_where_it_was_engaged_in_assisting_the_civil_authorities_in_carrying_out_the_Reconstruction_Act._Pennypacker_exercised_endless_patience_and_tact_in_executing_this_very_delicate_mission_and,_without_departing_from_his_duty,_won_the_respect_and_affection_of_the_Southern_people_and_did_much_to_reconcile_them_to_the_Federal_government._After_this_assignment_was_over,_he_saw_frontier_duty_out_in_Indian_country,_before_retiring_from_disability_caused_by_his_wounds._While_still_in_uniform,_Pennypacker_had_been_urged_to_be_a_candidate_for_governor_of_Pennsylvania_in_1872,_which_declined_on_the_ground_that_he_had_no_taste_for_politics._Pennypacker_never_married_and_spent_the_last_of_his_years_in_lonely_retirement_at_his_home_in_Philadelphia._He_died_on_October_1,_1916,_at_the_age_of_74_and_was_buried_with_the_simple_rites_of_the_Society_of_Friends_(Quakers)_in_the_Philadelphia_National_Cemetery._(Bio_by_Bill_Wilbert)	_____
1	Abercrombie,_J.J.	Gen1.pcx	1	15	83	215	14	9	1	5	4	5	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	24	25	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._John_Joseph_Abercrombie_(b._1798,_d._1877)._A_career_army_officer_whose_birthplace_and_early_life_are_not_certain__he_is_believed_to_have_been_born_in_Baltimore_or_Tennessee,_on_March_4_or_March_28_of_1798__Abercrombie_graduated_37th_in_his_class_of_forty_at_West_Point_in_1822._Starting_his_service_as_adjutant_in_the_1st_Infantry_from_1825-1833,_he_was_made_captain_in_1837,_and_later_was_brevetted_a_major_for_his_gallant_conduct_at_the_Battle_of_Okechobee_in_the_Second_Seminole_War._Serving_in_the_Mexican-American_War_a_decade_later,_Abercrombie_was_wounded_at_the_Battle_of_Monterey__and_was_brevetted_lieutenant_colonel_for_his_performance_at_that_battle__and_also_took_part_in_the_siege_of_Vera_Cruz_and_at_Cerro_Gordo._At_the_start_of_the_Civil_War,_Abercrombie_was_already_Colonel_of_the_7th_U.S._Infantry._On_August_31,_1861,_he_was_brevetted_brigadier_general_and_given_command_of_the_1st_Brigade_of_Volunteers._It_was_leading_this_unit_that_he_was_involved_in_Gen._Charles_Stones_disastrous_reconnaissance_at_Balls_Bluff_on_October_21,_though_Abercrombie_himself_demonstrated_skilled_leadership_in_the_fighting._In_early_1862,_he_took_part_in_the_Peninsular_Campaign_in_command_of_the_2nd_Brigade,_1st_Division_of_V_Corps,_fighting_at_Seven_Pines,_where_he_was_wounded,_and_Malvern_Hill._Subsequently,_in_part_because_of_his_age__sixty-five__and_battle_wounds_he_was_engaged_in_the_defense_of_Washington,_D.C._and_in_operations_behind_the_lines._In_May_1864_he_was_in_charge_of_depots_at_Fredericksburg_that_supported_Gen._Ulysses_S._Grants_push_towards_Richmond._On_June_20,_1864,_four_days_before_mustering_out_of_the_volunteers,_Abercrombie_saw_his_final_combat_as_he_defended_against_an_attack_on_the_depot_by_Hamptons_Legion._In_March_1865,_Abercrombie_was_brevetted_brigadier_general_of_the_U.S._Army_for_his_long_and_faithful_service._Retired_from_the_army,_he_performed_court-martial_duty_as_a_civilian._Abercrombie_died_on_January_3,_1877,_in_Roslyn,_Long_Island,_and_was_buried_in_Philadelphia._(Bio_by_FMonster)	_mex_war_front_duty__wp22_
2	Allen,_R.	Gen2.pcx	1	32	0	215	24	9	1	3	2	2	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._Robert_Allen_(b._1811,_d._1886)._Allen_was_appointed_to_the_U.S._Military_Academy_at_West_Point,_New_York._After_graduating_in_the_bottom_third_of_his_class,_he_fought_in_the_Mexican_War,_and_was_brevetted_a_Major_for_gallant_and_meritorious_service_at_the_Battle_of_Cerro_Gordo._He_moved_from_the_Artillery_to_the_Quartermaster's_Department,_eventually_being_named_chief_quartermaster_for_the_Pacific_Department._Again,_in_the_Civil_War,_he_was_appointed_chief_quartermaster,_this_time_for_the_Union_Department_of_the_Missouri._Allen's_challenge_was_to_create_an_efficient_and_competent_department_out_of_a_corrupt_agency._He_was_successful,_and_he_was_placed_in_charge_of_the_entire_Mississippi_Valley._Allen_supplied_all_major_and_secondary_operations_in_the_region,_including_Gen._Ulysses_S._Grant's_Vicksburg_campaign_and_Gen._William_T._Sherman's_Atlanta_campaign._Later,_his_sphere_of_duty_was_expanded_to_include_all_areas_west_of_the_Mississippi_River,_except_for_California._Allen_ranked_only_behind_Quartermaster_General_Montgomery_C._Meigs_in_responsibility,_spending_an_estimated_$111_million_in_his_duties_as_quartermaster._After_the_war,_he_stayed_in_the_army_until_his_retirement_in_1878._Allen_died_on_August_5,_1886,_while_traveling_abroad._He_was_buried_in_Switzerland._(Bio_by_Marko_Kovacic)	artillery_mex_war__quarter_wp36_
3	Alvord,_B.	Gen3.pcx	1	32	0	215	30	9	1	4	6	1	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex_war__pay_wp33_
4	Ames,_A.	Gen4.pcx	1	30	0	215	13	9	1	3	6	3	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____medal_honorwp61_
5	Ammen,_J.	Gen5.pcx	1	56	0	215	24	9	1	4	3	3	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
6	Anderson,_R.	Gen6.pcx	1	36	0	215	11	9	1	3	5	2	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	6	0	0	0	nobio	artillery_mex_seminole__wp_
7	Andrews,_C.C.	Gen7.pcx	1	8	0	215	17	9	1	2	5	2	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3	23	0	0	0	nobio	____pow_
8	Andrews,_G.L.	Gen8.pcx	1	0	0	126	15	18	1	6	5	2	4	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	12	0	0	0	0	nobio	____fmn_commwp_1st_class_
9	Arnold,_L.G.	Gen9.pcx	1	25	0	215	21	9	1	4	3	3	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Lewis_Golding_Arnold_(b._1817,_d._1871)._Arnold_graduated_from_West_Point_in_1837,_10th_out_of_a_class_of_50._At_the_rank_of_Major,_Arnold_was_placed_in_command_of_Ft._Pickens_in_Pensacola_Bay,_Florida_after_1st_Lt._Adam_J._Slemmer_secured_the_fort_for_the_Union._Arnold_was_promoted_to_Brigadier_General_January_24,_1862._Shortly_thereafter,_he_was_assigned_as_commander_of_the_Department_of_Florida_on_February_25,_1862_and_the_forces_in_New_Orleans_on_October_1,_1862._Arnold_was_taken_out_of_the_conflict_when_he_suffered_a_stroke_November_10,_1862,_forcing_him_to_remain_on_sick_leave_until_retiring_February_8,_1864.	artillery_mex_sem__wp_
10	Arnold,_R.	Gen10.pcx	1	44	0	215	26	9	1	4	5	3	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Richard_Arnold_(b._1828,_d._1882)._Having_graduated_from_West_Point_in_1850,_13th_out_of_a_class_of_44,_Arnold_later_commanded_an_artillery_battery_at_the_First_Battle_of_Bull_Run._Arnold_served_as_the_commander_of_artillery_for_Gen._William_B._Franklins_division_during_the_Peninsula_Campaign,_and_when_the_latter_was_promoted_to_commander_of_the_VI_Corps,_Arnold_became_the_corps_Inspector_General._He_was_brevetted_to_Major_for_action_at_the_Battle_of_Savage_Station._After_a_period_of_illness,_he_was_promoted_to_Brigadier_General_and_served_as_the_chief_of_artillery_for_the_Department_of_the_Gulf_in_November,_1862._In_this_position,_he_saw_action_in_the_Port_Hudson,_Red_River_and_Mobile_campaigns._Arnold_retained_the_chief_of_artillery_position_until_September,_1864,_after_which_he_served_on_a_retirement_board_for_disabled_officers_until_the_end_of_the_war.	artillery____wp_
11	Asboth,_A.S.	Gen11.pcx	1	29	0	215	19	9	1	4	4	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._Alexander_Sandor_Asboth_(b._1811,_d._1868)._Asboth_was_born_in_Keszthely,_Hungary._He_studied_at_the_Mining_Academy_of_Selmecbanya_and_the_Institution_Geometricum_in_Pest._He_then_trained_at_the_Hungarian_military_academy._In_1836,_Asboth_enlisted_in_the_newly-formed_Hungarian_Army._He_worked_as_both_a_soldier_and_an_engineer_for_the_army,_and_in_December_1848_he_was_promoted_to_captain._During_his_time_as_a_captain,_he_took_part_in_several_battles_of_the_Hungarian_freedom_fight,_but_when_the_revolution_failed_he_fled_with_Lajos_Kossuth,_the_Governor_of_Hungary,_to_the_Ottoman_Empire_and_then_to_the_United_States_in_1851._Having_enlisted_in_the_Union_army,_Asboth_was_appointed_as_a_Brigadier_General_by_Gen._John_Fremont_as_part_of_the_latters_tendency_to_surround_himself_with_foreign_officers._Asboth_saw_action_in_command_of_a_division_at_the_Battle_of_Pea_Ridge_and_was_severely_wounded._He_served_as_a_division_commander_despite_some_confusion_about_his_rank._The_Federal_government_failed_to_acknowledge_his_appointment_to_Brigadier_General_in_March,_1862,_but_on_the_21st_of_the_same_month,_the_government_appointed_him_as_a_Brigadier_General_of_Volunteers._After_serving_as_commander_of_the_District_of_Columbus,_Ohio,_on_March_31,_1863,_Asboth_took_command_of_a_division_in_the_XVI_Corps._He_held_this_position_until_he_was_transferred_to_the_District_of_West_Florida,_where_he_was_wounded_during_the_Battle_of_Marianna._Once_he_recovered,_he_was_given_a_brigade_in_the_XIX_Corps_from_February_to_June,_1864._Asboth_was_brevetted_to_Major_General_on_March_13,_1865._(Bio_by_Raymond_Romine)	___foreign__
12	Augur,_C.C.	Gen12.pcx	1	22	0	215	22	9	1	5	6	4	6	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	0	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._Christopher_Colon_Augur_(b._1821,_d._1898)._Born_in_New_York,_Augur_graduated_West_Point_in_1843,_finishing_16th_out_of_39_in_a_class_that_would_provide_thirteen_Union_and_three_Confederate_generals,_including_Ulysses_S._Grant._Although_he_was_present_during_some_well_known_campaigns_of_the_Civil_War_and_has_the_reputation_of_being_a_competent_battlefield_commander,_Augur_was_never_to_achieve_the_success_or_fame_of_some_of_the_generals_he_came_into_contact_with._During_the_war_with_Mexico_he_served_as_an_aide-de-camp_and_fought_creditably,_and_during_the_1850s_he_saw_frontier_service._He_was_promoted_steadily_and_on_May_14,_1861,_attained_the_rank_of_Major_in_the_Regular_Army._At_the_outbreak_of_war_he_was_Commandant_of_Cadets_at_West_Point,_but_in_November_1861_he_was_commissioned_a_Brigadier_General_of_Volunteers,_and_joined_McDowell's_corps,_where_he_commanded_the_1st_Brigade_of_1st_Division,_later_known_as_the_Iron_Brigade_of_the_East._Augurs_first_Civil_War_action_was_on_the_Rappahannock_during_the_Peninsular_campaign._By_August,_1862,_he_commanded_a_division,_and_fought_Stonewall_Jackson_at_Cedar_Mountain_under_Maj._Gen._Nathaniel_Banks._Although_a_defeat_for_the_outnumbered_Union_troops,_the_Union_performance_was_good._Augur_and_his_fellow_division_commander_Brig._Gen._Alpheus_Williams_attacked_the_Confederate_line._Williams's_troops_broke_the_Stonewall_Brigade,_and_severely_damaged_the_rebel_left._Augur's_men_were_prevented_from_completing_the_defeat_only_by_Jackson's_drawing_of_his_sword_to_rally_the_line._Maj._Gen._A.P._Hill_was_thus_given_time_to_reinforce_and_reform_the_rebel_line._Augur's_division_was_pushed_back_with_the_rest_of_Banks's_corps._He_was_severely_wounded_in_the_right_side_during_the_ensuing_rout._Augur_was_promoted_brevet_Major_General_of_Volunteers_in_recognition_of_this_performance,_and_in_November,_Banks,_by_now_in_New_Orleans,_specifically_requested_that_Augur_lead_one_of_his_divisions_in_the_Louisiana_campaign._At_the_preparation_for_the_siege_of_Port_Hudson,_Louisiana,_Augur_commanded_an_independent_force,_and_had_the_center_of_the_line_during_the_assaults._In_October,_1863,_Augur_was_promoted_to_be_commander_of_XXII_Corps_(Department_of_Washington),_a_post_he_held_until_1866._Augur,_who_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general_in_March,_1865,_and_subsequently_confirmed_as_brevet_major_general_for_services_in_the_field_during_the_Civil_War,_was_the_officer_in_command_of_the_escort_returning_Pres._Abraham_Lincoln's_body_to_the_White_House_after_his_assassination._After_the_war,_Augur_remained_in_the_Army_until_1885,_returning_to_the_frontier_and_acting_as_a_signatory_to_several_treaties_with_the_Indians_in_the_late_1860's._He_is_buried_in_Arlington_National_Cemetery._(Bio_by_James_McLeod)	_mex_front__wp_
13	Averell,_W.W.	Gen13.pcx	1	41	0	215	25	9	1	3	3	2	4	4	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	1	4	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._William_Woods_Averell_(b._1832,_d._1900)._Averells_career_could_be_described_as_McClellan_in_miniature,_showing_early_promise_as_an_organizer,_but_later_failing_due_to_lack_of_resolution_and_decisiveness._Graduating_West_Point_26th_of_34_in_the_class_of_1855,_he_was_sent_to_the_frontier._He_was_wounded_in_New_Mexico,_October_1858,_and_was_an_invalid_for_two_years._Returning_to_duty_after_Fort_Sumpter,_he_won_praise_by_evading_the_Confederate_forces_in_Texas_and_New_Mexico_while_taking_orders_to_his_old_regiment,_which_had_been_cut_off._He_served_at_First_Bull_Run,_winning_further_praise._He_was_made_Colonel_of_3rd_Pennsylvania_Cavalry,_in_August_1861,_and_trained_it_effectively_from_a_poor_state._In_July_1862_he_was_given_a_cavalry_brigade,_which_again_he_improved_significantly._He_caught_malaria_and_missed_the_Antietam_campaign,_returning_to_chase_J.E.B._Stuart_as_he_rode_round_the_Army_of_the_Potomac_and_gaining_a_promotion_to_brigadier_general_on_September_26._In_January_1863,_Averell_was_given_command_of_one_of_three_divisions_in_the_new_Cavalry_Corps_of_the_Army_of_the_Potomac._In_February,_Confederate_Brig._Gen._Fitzhugh_Lee_(who_had_attended_West_Point_with_Averell),_captured_150_of_Averell's_cavalrymen._Three_weeks_later_Averell_crossed_the_Rappahannock_at_Kelly's_Ford_and_awaited_Lee._Lee_was_outnumbered_but_he_attacked_and_then_withdrew,_and_Averell_declared_victory._This_battle_is_cited_as_the_first_time_Union_horsemen_beat_Confederate_cavalry,_but_all_the_odds_were_with_Averell._Hooker_was_not_at_all_pleased,_thinking_Averell_had_missed_the_chance_to_destroy_Fitzhugh_Lee._When_shortly_afterwards_Hooker_sent_his_cavalry,_including_Averell's_division,_on_a_raid_behind_Confederate_lines,_Hooker_removed_him_from_command,_reporting_to_Washington_that_Averell_seems_to_have_contented_himself_between_April_29_and_May_4_with_having_marched_..._28_miles,_meeting_no_enemy_deserving_of_the_name,_and_from_that_point_reporting_to_me_for_instructions._Despite_this,_Averell_was_promoted_brevet_brigadier_general_and_sent_to_West_Virginia,_where_he_built_up_yet_another_command_to_a_reasonable_standard_of_training._In_November_1863_he_led_a_raid_against_the_Virginia_and_Tennessee_Railroad_in_his_most_successful_operation_of_the_war._On_6_November_1863,_Averell's_brigade_defeated_the_last_major_Confederate_force_in_West_Virginia_at_Droop_Mountain_with_small_loss_to_his_own_force._In_the_Valley_against_Jubal_Early_in_1864,_Averell_was_under_Gen._Philip_Sheridan's_command._He_won_a_victory_at_the_Battle_of_Moorefield,_but_was_relieved_of_command_again_in_September_by_Sheridan,_who_was_unhappy_with_his_performance_at_Fisher's_Hill._This_incident_left_Averell_very_discouraged._He_had_no_further_active_service,_and_resigned,_although_he_was_promoted_to_brevet_Major_General_of_the_Regular_Army_just_before_the_end_of_the_war._Averell_spent_most_of_the_next_twenty_years_trying_to_prove_his_removal_was_political._The_army_reinstated_him_in_1888,_but_the_usual_view_is_that_he_was_just_not_a_combat_commander,_being_over_promoted_due_to_his_organizational_ability,_while_unable_to_act_decisively_on_campaign._(Bio_by_James_McLeod)	cavalry____wprelieved_
14	Ayres,_R.B.	Gen14.pcx	1	44	0	215	22	9	1	5	4	4	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._Romeyn_Beck_Ayres_(b._1825,_d._1888)._Although_the_son_of_a_small-town_doctor,_Ayres_was_well_educated._His_father_encouraged_all_his_sons_to_follow_a_profession,_and_Ayres_graduated_West_Point_in_1847_(in_the_same_class_as_A.E._Burnside_and_A.P._Hill),_finishing_22nd_in_his_class_of_38._He_was_a_tall,_balding,_carefully_dressed_man,_and_was_later_described_as_a_hard-fighting_artilleryman._After_West_Point_he_caught_the_end_of_the_Mexican_War,_serving_in_occupation_garrisons,_and_on_the_southwest_frontier._In_1861_he_was_promoted_Captain,_U.S._Artillery._He_fought_at_First_Bull_Run,_commanding_Battery_E,_3rd_Artillery_in_Sherman's_Brigade._While_unable_to_closely_engage_for_most_of_the_day,_his_rearguard_action_helped_save_the_defeated_army_from_the_pursuing_Confederate_cavalry_after_the_battle._He_went_on_to_serve_the_entire_war_in_various_positions_in_the_Army_of_the_Potomac._He_was_commander_of_the_artillery_in_W.F._Smith's_(2nd)_Division,_October_1861_to_November_1862,_and_VI_Corps,_until_April_1863._He_was_present_at_all_of_the_AoPs_major_actions_including_the_Peninsular_Campaign,_Antietam,_and_Fredericksburg,_where_he_was_injured_falling_off_his_horse._He_was_highly_thought_of_by_his_seniors,_and_his_performance_in_these_battles_was_often_commended._Ayres_was_promoted_Brigadier_General_of_Volunteers,_November_1862,_and_transferred_to_the_infantry,_commanding_a_brigade_in_V_Corps_at_Chancellorsville._He_commanded_a_division_at_Gettysburg,_suffering_heavy_losses_to_two_brigades_when_outflanked_following_the_rout_of_Caldwell's_division_in_the_Wheatfield._No_blame_was_aimed_at_Ayres_for_this_and_he_was_actually_made_brevet_Major_General_of_Volunteers_after_Gettysburg_and_the_Wilderness,_continuing_to_command_various_divisions_to_the_end._Ayres_fought_in_all_the_subsequent_actions_of_V_Corps._During_the_Petersburg_campaign_he_was_wounded,_but_not_badly_enough_to_prevent_him_commanding_his_division_for_the_Appomattox_campaign._During_the_battle_of_Five_Forks,_V_Corps_was_ordered_to_attack_and_flank_Pickett's_corps._V_Corps_attacked_with_the_intention_of_Ayres'_division_pinning_the_Confederate_line,_while_Crawford's_turned_Pickett's_right._In_fact,_in_dense_thickets,_Pickett_was_not_where_the_Union_Cavalry_had_indicated_he_would_be,_and_Ayres_men_were_subjected_to_flanking_fire_themselves._The_Union_division_commanders_managed_to_sort_things_out_in_time_to_defeat_Pickett_decisively,_although_some_of_Pickett's_men_escaped_the_originally_intended_encirclement._Maj._Gen._Gouverneur_K._Warren,_commander_of_V_Corps,_was_sacked_for_this,_but_Ayres_was_particularly_praised_for_his_role_in_the_battle._He_ended_the_war_as_brevet_Major_General_in_the_Regular_Army._Ayres_is_buried_at_Arlington_National_Cemetery._Unusually_for_a_Union_general,_there_is_also_a_noted_Confederate_in_his_grave:_Juliet_Opie_Hopkins,_his_mother-in-law,_who_set_up_and_ran_several_hospitals_for_the_Confederates_and_treated_many_wounded,_and_as_a_regular_battlefield_presence_had_even_been_wounded_once_herself._(Bio_by_James_McLeod)	_mexico____
15	Bailey,_J.	Gen15.pcx	1	92	0	215	33	9	1	3	3	3	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	7	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Joseph_Bailey_(b._1825,_d._1867).__Bailey_spent_half_of_the_Civil_War_as_a_junior_infantry_officer,_before_finding_his_forte_as_an_army_engineer._Born_in_Ohio,_he_studied_civil_engineering_in_Illinois,_and_then_worked_as_a_civil_engineer_and_lumberman_in_Wisconsin._In_1861_he_volunteered_for_the_4th_Wisconsin_Regiment_and_was_made_Captain._The_regiment_moved_to_Maryland,_and_joined_Gen._Benjamin_Butler's_force_to_occupy_New_Orleans_in_April_1862._At_this_point_his_engineering_background_came_in_useful,_and_he_became_chief_engineer_for_New_Orleans,_while_retaining_his_day_job._He_supported_Gen._Nathaniel_Banks'_siege_of_Port_Hudson,_again_as_an_engineer._Following_its_capture,_Bailey_was_promoted_to_Lieutenant_Colonel_in_June,_1863._At_this_point_the_regiment_was_converted_to_cavalry,_but_retained_the_title_of_4th_Wisconsin._Bailey_was_thus_a_trained_engineer_and_continued_acting_as_such,_while_serving_as_second_in_command_of_a_cavalry_regiment__even_though_he_only_had_infantry_experience._The_centerpiece_of_Bailey's_wartime_career,_and_a_brilliant_work_of_engineering_and_organization,_came_during_Banks'_campaign_on_the_Red_River._Banks'_Army_of_the_Gulf_landed_in_Louisiana_in_March_1864_in_order_to_capture_Shreveport,_where_Gen._Kirby_Smith_was_in_charge_of_the_Confederate_Trans-Mississippi_(popularly_known_as_the_KirbySmithdom_because_of_the_isolation_from_the_rest_of_the_Confederacy)._Banks'_advance_was_met_by_Gen._Richard_Taylor_at_Mansfield._Although_severely_handled_by_the_superior_Union_force,_Taylor_managed_to_halt_Banks,_who_withdrew_back_down_the_Red_River._However,_at_Alexandria_Taylor_found_himself_on_the_horns_of_a_dilemma._Supporting_his_army_was_a_significant_part_of_the_Union's_Mississippi_squadron._The_river_had_dropped_sufficiently_that_the_gunboats_could_not_shoot_the_rapids_at_Alexandria._If_Banks_withdrew_without_them,_the_fleet_would_be_lost,_and_his_army_then_faced_defeat_by_Taylor_if_he_did_not_have_the_fleet_to_support_him._Bailey_called_on_his_logging_experience,_and_suggested_building_a_dam_between_the_two_sets_of_rapids._This_would_raise_the_level_of_the_river_and_allow_the_gunboats_to_pass_the_upper_rapids._Then_the_dam_would_be_blown,_and_the_flood_would_carry_the_fleet_over_the_lower_rapids._Banks_was_sufficiently_desperate_to_agree_to_the_attempt._Despite_false_starts,_the_plan_was_executed_more_or_less_to_Bailey's_plan_in_ten_days._The_fleet_and_the_army_returned_safely_to_New_Orleans._In_recognition,_Bailey_was_voted_the_Thanks_of_Congress,_only_one_of_15_to_be_so_honored,_and_the_only_one_who_was_not_a_corps_or_division_commander._He_was_promoted_to_command_the_4th_Wisconsin_Cavalry_as_Colonel,_made_a_brevet_Brigadier_General,_and_given_command_of_the_Engineer_Brigade,_XIX_Corps._He_then_assumed_command_of_various_cavalry_brigades,_still_retaining_his_engineering_role._His_was_confirmed_as_Brigadier_General_of_Volunteers_in_November,_and_at_the_end_of_the_war_was_made_brevet_major_general._After_the_war,_Bailey_moved_to_Missouri_and_became_a_sheriff,_but_just_two_years_later_he_was_killed_by_two_men_he_had_arrested_and_was_taking_in._(Bio_by_James_McLeod)	___engineer__
16	Baird,_A.	Gen16.pcx	1	30	0	215	25	9	1	5	5	4	6	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	14	-1	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Absalom_Baird_(b.1824,_d._1905)._Baird_was_the_offspring_of_a_family_tracing_military_involvement_to_at_least_the_Revolutionary_and_French_wars._He_was_born_in_Pennsylvania,_and_studied_law._He_then_went_to_West_Point,_passing_out_in_1849_9th_in_a_class_of_43._At_the_outbreak_of_the_Civil_War,_he_transferred_to_staff_duty,_and_was_Tyler's_adjutant_at_First_Bull_Run._By_1862_he_was_Chief_of_Staff_to_Keyes'_(IV)_Corps,_fighting_in_the_Peninsular_Campaign._In_April_1862_he_was_made_Brigadier_General_of_Volunteers,_and_transferred_to_the_West._There_he_was_put_in_command_of_27th_Brigade,_7th_Division,_Army_of_the_Ohio,_under_the_command_of_Maj._Gen._Don_C._Buell._His_brigade_and_the_rest_of_the_division_occupied_the_Cumberland_Gap_after_the_Confederates_evacuated_it_in_June,_but_they_were_forced_to_evacuate_it_in_turn_that_September._After_the_evacuation,_the_division_transferred_to_Kentucky._Baird_was_then_promoted_to_command_the_3rd_Division_of_the_Army_of_Kentucky,_participating_in_Gen._William_S._Rosecranss_campaign_into_Tennessee_and_fighting_in_several_actions,_culminating_in_Chickamauga._In_this_action_he_was_promoted_to_brevet_Lieutenant_Colonel_in_the_Regular_Army._His_division_went_on_to_fight_at_Chattanooga,_for_which_he_was_brevetted_Colonel._His_next_major_campaign_was_the_capture_of_Atlanta,_the_pursuit_of_Gen._John_B._Hood's_army,_and_the_March_to_the_Sea_under_Sherman._He_was_present_at_the_capture_of_Savannah,_the_march_though_the_Carolinas_and_the_surrender_of_Gen._Joseph_E._Johnston's_army_at_Durham,_North_Carolina._He_was_made_brevet_Brigadier_General_in_the_Regular_Army_in_March_1865,_for_his_performance_at_Atlanta,_and_brevet_Major_General_of_Volunteers_at_the_end_of_the_war._In_1896,_he_was_awarded_the_Medal_of_Honor_for_his_actions_at_Jonesboro,_Georgia._The_citation_records_that_he_voluntarily_led_a_brigade_in_an_assault_upon_the_enemy's_works,_on_September_1,_1864._Gen._Baird_is_buried_in_Arlington_National_Cemetery._(Bio_by_James_McLeod)	artillery__frontier__medal_of_honorwpgood_
17	Baker,_E.D.	Gen17.pcx	1	30	0	215	0	9	1	4	6	4	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex_war____
18	Banks,_N.P.	Gen18.pcx	1	0	0	88	15	200	3	3	1	4	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	12	0	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._Nathaniel_Prentice_Banks_(b._1816,_d._1894)._Banks,_the_quintessential_political_general,_was_one_of_the_wars_first_appointed_major_generals_of_volunteers_and_secured_field_commands_for_almost_the_whole_conflict__despite_repeated_military_defeats._Born_in_Waltham,_Massachusetts,_he_began_his_career_working_as_a_bobbin_boy_in_a_cotton_factory__the_nickname_Bobbin_Boy_Banks_would_remain_for_the_rest_of_his_life__followed_by_years_as_a_mechanic_before_he_successfully_studied_law_and_was_admitted_to_the_bar_in_1839._The_oratorical_skills_he_taught_himself_suited_him_well_as_politician._First_he_was_elected_to_the_states_House_of_Representatives_as_a_Democrat_in_1849,_before_running_on_the_ticket_of_the_Democrats_and_Free-Soilers_for_a_congressional_seat_in_1853_and_being_re-elected_as_a_Know-Nothing_after_switching_parties._An_outspoken_abolitionist,_Banks_became_Speaker_of_the_House_with_the_support_of_the_Republican_Party._Running_on_the_Republican_ticket,_he_served_two_more_years_in_Congress_before_resigning_and_being_elected_governor_of_Massachusetts_in_1857._Banks_could_not_secure_the_Republican_presidential_nomination_in_1860_and_quit_politics_for_a_time._During_the_secession_crisis_of_1861,_Pres._Abraham_Lincoln_considered_Banks_for_his_cabinet,_but_instead_made_him_a_major_general_of_volunteers_that_May._Thus_began_Banks_military_life._Assigned_the_task_of_keeping_the_Confederates_under_Gen._Thomas_Stonewall_Jackson_in_the_Shenandoah_Valley_from_reinforcing_the_troops_near_Richmond_during_the_Peninsula_Campaign_and_at_the_same_time_defending_Washington,_D.C.,_Banks_was_defeated_at_Front_Royal__where_he_was_not_present_in_person__and_Winchester,_on_May_23_and_25,_1862._For_the_loss_of_supplies_on_these_occasions_he_was_wryly_dubbed_Commissary_Banks_by_his_opponents,_though_the_loss_of_one_third_of_his_army_and_the_survivors_flight_across_the_Potomac_River_were_more_serious._Banks_almost_got_his_revenge_on_Jackson_when_he_attacked_the_latters_spread-out_forces_at_Cedar_Mountain_on_August_9,_but_Confederate_reinforcements_turned_near_victory_into_yet_another_defeat_for_Banks._Afterwards,_Banks_was_in_charge_of_the_national_capitals_defense_before_being_sent_to_New_Orleans_with_30,000_new_recruits_that_November._As_the_new_commander_of_the_Department_of_the_Gulf,_replacing_fellow_Massachusetts_political_general_Benjamin_F._Butler,_his_task_was_to_gain_control_of_the_Mississippi_River_south_of_the_enemy_stronghold_at_Vicksburg._Despite_some_initial_success,_Banks_failed_to_carry_Port_Hudson,_a_bluff-fortress_above_Baton_Rouge,_which_the_Confederates_did_not_give_up_until_Vicksburg_fell_on_July_4,_1863._Banks_Red_River_Campaign_of_1864_had_the_goal_of_securing_Louisiana_and_Arkansas_for_the_Union_and_installing_a_Union_presence_in_Texas_to_deter_the_French_in_Mexico._Difficult_terrain,_bad_roads_and_low_water_thwarted_the_expedition_from_the_outset,_and_fighting_at_Sabines_Crossroads_and_Pleasant_Hill_on_April_8_and_9_forced_a_retreat:_Banks,_who_had_started_on_March_10,_had_to_return_on_May_22_without_achieving_any_of_his_military_goals._However,_he_was_successful_in_gathering_cotton_(and_forced_the_Confederates_to_burn_much_more_of_the_commodity),_which_convinced_many_that_the_whole_affair_had_been_driven_by_profiteering._This_failed_campaign_essentially_ended_Banks_military_career,_as_it_was_his_last_field_command_(though_he_stayed_in_command_of_his_department_until_June_1865,_charged_with_the_reconstruction_of_Louisiana)._Mustered_out_in_August_1865,_he_returned_to_politics,_from_1865_to_1873,_1875-1879_and_1889-1891_serving_as_a_U.S._Representative_from_Massachusetts,_and_from_1879_to_1888_as_state_marshal._Mental_deterioration_forced_him_to_end_his_public_life._Banks_died_in_his_hometown_on_September_1,_1894_and_was_buried_in_Walthams_Grove_Hill_Cemetery._(Bio_by_Joern_Kaesebier)	___commissary_banks__
19	Barlow,_F.C.	Gen19.pcx	1	41	0	215	22	9	1	4	5	4	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._Francis_Channing_Barlow_(b._1834,_d._1896)._A_graduate_of_Harvard,_Barlow_practiced_law_in_New_York_prior_to_the_outbreak_of_the_war_when_he_enlisted_as_a_private_in_the_12th_New_York._By_the_Peninsula_Campaign,_he_had_risen_to_the_rank_of_Colonel_and_was_later_seriously_wounded_at_Antietam._Appointed_a_Brigadier_General_two_days_after_the_battle,_his_brigade_was_routed_by_a_Stonewall_Jacksons_troops_at_Chancellorsville._He_was_captured_at_Gettysburg_after_being_wounded,_temporarily_paralyzed_and_left_for_dead_by_his_own_troops._Confederate_Brig._Gen._John_B._Gordon_took_care_of_Barlow_until_he_recovered,_at_which_point_Barlow_returned_to_service_in_the_Union_Army._One_of_Barlow's_major_accomplishments_was_to_lead_his_troops_in_a_charge_of_the_Mule_Shoe_at_Spotsylvania._They_succeeded_in_capturing_3,000_Confederates,_2_generals,_20_guns_and_30_regimental_colors._Barlow_was_called_one_of_the_boy_generals_because_he_kept_himself_clean-shaven,_unlike_the_predominant_practice_of_sporting_a_beard_or_mustache._(One_Union_officer_described_him_as_looking_like_a_highly_independent_mounted_newsboy.)_Although_he_was_frail-looking_and_pale,_he_was_an_intense_fighter_and_strict_disciplinarian._After_the_siege_of_Petersburg,_Barlow's_heath_failed,_although_he_returned_to_the_army_to_lead_a_division_at_Sayler's_Creek_and_Farmville._He_was_commissioned_a_major_general_on_May_25,_1865._After_the_war,_Barlow_returned_to_his_law_practice,_was_one_of_the_founders_of_the_American_Bar_Association,_and_served_as_New_York_State_attorney_general._(Bio_by_Scott_Rowan)	_____
20	Barnard,_J.G.	Gen20.pcx	1	16	0	215	15	9	1	4	2	3	1	0	1	0	2	0	0	0	0	7	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._John_Gross_Barnard_(b._1815,_d._1882)._Born_in_Massachusetts,_Barnard_was_a_graduate_of_West_Point,_Class_of_1833,_finishing_second_in_his_class._Upon_graduation,_he_entered_the_Corp_of_Engineers._He_was_sent_to_New_Port_and_then_to_the_Gulf_Coast,_where_Barnard_was_directly_involved_in_the_fortifications_of_Pensacola_and_New_Orleans._Barnard_subsequently_served_as_Superintendent_of_West_Point_from_1855_to_1856,_succeeding_another_Corp_of_Engineers_officer_who_also_finished_second_in_his_Class_(1829)_at_West_Point,_Robert_E._Lee._Though_hampered_by_being_nearly_deaf,_Barnard_was_considered_a_fortifications_genius._He_served_as_chief_engineer_of_the_department_of_Washington_from_April_to_July_1861,_and_then_as_chief_engineer_to_General_McDowell_in_the_first_Bull_Run_campaign._Next,_with_the_rank_of_Brigadier_General,_he_acted_as_chief_engineer_to_the_Army_of_the_Potomac_in_the_Peninsular_Campaign_of_1862._When_the_Confederate_army_advanced_into_eastern_Virginia,_he_was_appointed_chief_engineer_of_the_defenses_of_Washington,_and_was_promoted_Lieutenant_Colonel_of_Engineers_in_March,_1863._In_January_1864,_he_was_appointed_chief_engineer,_and_was_on_the_staff_of_Gen._Ulysses_S._Grant_in_the_Richmond_campaign._He_was_made_a_member_of_the_joint_board_of_army_and_navy_officers_on_harbor_defenses_and_served_as_senior_member_of_the_board_of_engineers_for_permanent_fortifications._Barnard_was_one_of_the_original_incorporators_of_the_National_Academy_of_Sciences_appointed_by_Act_of_Congress_on_March_3,_1863._His_works_include_Survey_of_the_Isthmus_of_Tehuantepec_(1852);_Phenomena_of_the_Gyroscope_(1858);_Dangers_and_Defenses_of_New_York_(1859);_Notes_on_Sea-coast_Defence_(1861);_The_Confederate_States_of_America_and_the_Battle_of_Bull_Run_(1862);_Reports_of_the_Engineer_and_Artillery_Operations_of_the_Army_of_the_Potomac_(1863);_Eulogy_on_General_Totten_(1866);_and_many_scientific_and_military_memoirs_and_reports._(Bio_by_Scott_Rowan)	seige___engineer_wp2nd_
21	Barnes,_J.	Gen21.pcx	1	44	0	215	15	9	1	1	0	2	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	0	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._James_Barnes_(b._1801,_d._1869)._Born_in_Massachusetts,_Barnes_was_a_graduate_of_West_Point_from_the_Class_of_1829._He_was_one_of_the_oldest_graduates_at_the_age_28._Though_commissioned_a_2nd_Lieutenant_in_the_4th_Artillery,_he_spent_most_of_his_early_army_career_teaching_tactics_and_French_back_at_West_Point._Barnes_resigned_his_commission_in_1836_to_become_a_railroad_civil_engineer._Within_three_years,_he_became_the_superintendent_of_the_Western_Railroad._He_held_this_position_at_the_outbreak_of_the_war,_when_he_was_commissioned_a_Colonel_in_the_18th_Massachusetts_Infantry_Regiment._His_unit_was_involved_in_the_Peninsula_Campaign_and_the_Seven_Days_battle,_though_he_saw_no_action._He_became_the_1st_Brigade_commander_when_his_superior_was_relived_of_duty._For_unknown_reasons,_Barnes_was_not_present_when_his_unit_marched_into_the_Second_Battle_of_Bull_Run._His_unit_was_present_at_Antietam,_but_saw_no_action._His_first_taste_of_battle_came_about_when_his_unit_ran_into_the_rear_guard_of_Lees_army_during_its_retreat_back_to_Virginia,_which_resulted_in_two_hundred_of_his_men_being_shot_or_drowned_in_the_Potomac_River_and_another_hundred_captured._Despite_his_pathetic_record,_he_was_promoted_to_Brigadier_General_in_Nov,_1862._At_the_Battle_of_Fredrickburg,_Barnes_apparently_impressed_his_divisional_commander_for_his_coolness_under_fire_when_leading_his_brigade_in_one_of_the_final_assaults_on_Maryes_Heights._The_Battle_of_Chancellorsville_saw_his_unit_held_in_reserve_once_again._After_his_divisional_commander_fell_ill,_Barnes_assumed_command_of_the_1st_Division._The_Battle_of_Gettysburg_proved_to_be_the_most_influential_in_his_career._At_61_years_of_age,_he_was_one_of_the_oldest_generals._He_arrived_with_his_unit_early_on_the_second_day_of_battle_with_the_rest_of_V_Corps._He_personally_ordered_two_of_his_brigades_to_withdraw_from_their_defensive_positions_in_the_Wheatfield_without_permission_and_over_the_protests_of_the_generals_on_his_flanks._When_reinforcements_from_the_II_Corps_arrived,_Maj._Gen._David_B._Birney_gave_orders_for_Barnes's_men_to_lie_down_while_the_brigade_of_Col._Samuel_K._Zook_marched_over_them._Later_that_same_day,_as_one_of_Barness_brigades_was_being_attacked_by_a_Confederate_charge,_aides_were_unable_to_locate_Barnes._When_he_did_turn_up_later_in_the_day,_he_suffered_a_leg_wound._He_never_returned_to_combat_duty,_spending_the_remainder_of_the_war_on_garrison_duty_in_Virginia_and_North_Carolina_and_as_a_P.O.W._camp_commander_at_Point_Lookout,_Maryland._Just_before_the_end_of_the_war_he_received_a_brevet_promotion_to_major_general._After_the_war,_Barnes_returned_to_his_profession_of_railroad_civil_engineering_and_was_a_member_of_the_government_commission_that_supervised_the_building_of_the_Union_Pacific_Railroad._(Bio_by_Scott_Rowan)	____wpbad_
22	Barnes,_J.K.	Gen22.pcx	1	86	0	215	25	9	1	2	0	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	0	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._Joseph_K._Barnes_(b._1817,_d._1883)._Barnes_joined_the_Army_in_1840_after_graduating_from_Harvard_and_the_University_of_Pennsylvania_Medical_School._He_served_in_the_Medical_Corp_in_the_Seminole_and_Mexican_Wars._He_was_recalled_to_the_Washington_D.C._area_at_the_outbreak_of_the_Civil_War_to_be_a_surgeon,_but_was_quickly_promoted_to_Colonel_and_named_as_the_acting_Surgeon_General_after_the_controversial_Brig._Gen._Hammond_was_ousted_by_Secretary_of_War_Edwin_Stanton_in_1862._Unnoticed_by_the_Department_of_War,_Barnes_continued_many_of_Hammondss_reforms,_improving_the_available_medical_services_for_the_Northern_Armies._As_a_result_of_his_work,_medical_appropriations_increased_from_$9_million_to_$20_million_between_1863_and_1864._Barnes_was_appointed_a_Brigadier_General_and_Surgeon_General_in_1864,_and_was_brevetted_a_Major_General_in_the_Regulars_in_1865._Joseph_Barnes_had_the_dubious_honor_of_being_the_attending_physician_for_both_Pres._Abraham_Lincoln_and_Pres._James_Garfield_after_each_was_mortally_wounded_by_assassins._(Bio_by_Scott_Rowan)	____doctorsurgeon_general,_doctor_to_lincoln_
23	Barnum,_H.A.	Gen23.pcx	1	86	0	215	22	9	1	5	3	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____medal_honor_
24	Barry,_W.F.	Gen24.pcx	1	80	0	215	22	9	1	3	6	1	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	17	0	0	0	0	nobio	artillery_mex_war_seminole_defense_wp_
25	Bartlett,_W.F.	Gen25.pcx	1	83	0	215	22	50	1	7	5	5	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	9	22	-1	0	0	Maj._Gen._William_Francis_Bartlett_(b._1840,_d._1876)._Bartlett_was_a_rock_star_of_his_age_and_widely_celebrated_later_in_life_as_a_shining_example_of_his_generation._A_freshman_at_Harvard_when_war_broke_out,_Bartlett_volunteered_for_service_the_day_Fort_Sumter_surrendered._Serving_first_as_a_private,_he_was_commissioned_in_August,_1861_as_a_captain_in_the_20th_Massachusetts_Regiment__known_as_the_Harvard_Regiment_for_the_high_number_of_Harvard_students_that_served_in_it._He_lost_a_leg_at_Yorktown_in_the_spring_of_1862_during_the_Peninsular_Campaign,_but_recovered_sufficiently_to_be_present_with_his_class_and_receive_his_degree_in_June_of_1862_and_to_become_colonel_of_the_49th_Massachusetts_in_November._The_regiment_was_ordered_to_Louisiana_with_Gen._Nathaniel_Banks,_and_took_part_in_the_capture_of_Fort_Hudson_in_July,_1863,_where_Bartlett_was_twice_wounded_and_thereafter_compelled_to_be_on_horseback_at_all_times._He_was_a_prime_target_for_marksmen,_though_Confederate_officers_reputedly_told_their_men_not_to_shoot_at_the_one-legged_Yankee._At_the_outset_of_Gen._Ulysses_S._Grant's_Overland_campaign_Bartlett_organized_the_57th_Massachusetts,_which_he_led_at_the_Battle_of_the_Wilderness,_sustaining_still_another_wound._He_was_appointed_Brigadier_General_of_Volunteers_on_June_20,_1864_and_at_the_Battle_of_the_Crater_was_taken_prisoner,_his_cork_leg_shattered_with_bullets._After_weeks_in_Libby_Prison,_Bartlett_was_exchanged_and_put_in_command_of_the_IX_Corps,_which_he_led_with_distinction_until_the_end_of_the_war._He_received_the_brevet_of_Major_General_on_March_13,_1865,_for_gallant_and_meritorious_services._Immediately_after_the_war_he_lived_in_Richmond_and_operated_the_Tredegar_Iron_Works,_where_he_was_highly_regarded_by_the_people_of_Richmond._Eventually_he_moved_to_Pittsfield,_Massachusetts,_the_home_of_his_wife._Skilled_as_an_orator,_in_later_life_Bartlett_was_a_strong_proponent_of_reconciliation_with_the_defeated_South._Prior_to_and_upon_his_death_(in_Pittsfield,_MA,_in_1876)_Bartlett_was_widely_lauded_by_some_of_the_foremost_American_writers_of_the_day:_Bret_Harte,_Herman_Melville_and_John_Greenleaf_Whittier_wrote_poems_attesting_to_his_valor_and_character,_though_Oliver_Wendell_Holmes,_Jr._perhaps_said_it_best:_I_had_admired_him_as_a_hero[but]_I_learned_to_revere_him_as_a_saint._(Bio_by_M.I._Goodman)	____lost_leg_61_
26	Bartlett,_J.J.	Gen26.pcx	1	82	0	215	15	9	1	3	5	2	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____pow_
27	Baxter,_H.	Gen27.pcx	1	52	0	215	16	9	1	4	4	4	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._Henry_Baxter_(b._1821,_d._1873)._Born_in_New_York_State,_Baxter_set_off_in_1849_with_a_group_of_thirty_other_hopeful_prospectors_for_the_California_gold_fields._Although_he_did_not_strike_gold,_he_became_the_mens_captain_and_no_doubt_learned_a_thing_or_two_about_leading_men._Baxter_volunteered_for_service_immediately_upon_the_commencement_of_hostilities_in_1861_and_was_mustered_in_to_the_7th_Michigan_Infantry_as_a_captain._He_was_promoted_to_Lieutenant_Colonel_in_May,_1862,_and_while_commanding_his_regiment_was_shot_through_the_lung_while_attempting_to_cross_the_Rappahannock_River_at_Fredericksburg._Despite_his_wound,_the_crossing_was_successful_and_he_was_promoted_to_Brigadier_General_soon_thereafter._Baxter_participated_in_most_of_the_campaigns_and_battles_of_the_Army_of_the_Potomac,_including_Antietam_(where_he_was_wounded_for_a_second_time),_Gettysburg_(where_his_brigade_suffered_over_50%_casualties),_The_Wilderness_(where_he_was_wounded_for_a_third_time),_Spotsylvania,_Cold_Harbor,_and_Petersburg._Baxter_was_Brevetted_to_Major_General_in_April,_1865.__After_the_war,_he_later_served_as_the_Minister_to_Honduras._(Bio_by_M.I._Goodman)	_____
28	Bayard,_G.D.	Gen28.pcx	1	30	0	215	25	9	1	5	6	5	5	6	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	6	11	0	0	Brig._Gen._George_Dashiell_Bayard_(b._1835,_d._1862)._Bayard_was_a_rising_star_in_the_Union_Army,_whose_life_and_career_was_cut_painfully_short_during_the_Battle_of_Fredericksburg._Born_in_New_York_State,_he_was_a_West_Point_graduate_in_the_Class_of_1856_and_pursued_a_military_career_in_the_cavalry._While_fighting_in_the_war_against_the_Kiowa_Indians,_2nd_Lt._Bayard_led_a_troop_of_cavalry_and_became_close_with_his_fellow_officer,_future_Confederate_general_J.E.B._Stuart,_whom_he_would_meet_under_a_flag_of_truce_many_years_later_to_talk_of_their_times_in_Kansas_before_the_Civil_War._Bayard_returned_East_after_suffering_an_arrow_wound_in_his_left_cheek,_and_was_appointed_cavalry_instructor_at_West_Point_in_1861._Once_war_broke_out,_events_moved_quickly_for_Bayard._In_August,_1861,_he_was_appointed_Colonel_of_the_1st_Pennsylvania_Cavalry_and_saw_action_in_several_skirmishes_in_northern_Virginia._He_was_soon_promoted_to_Brigadier_General_in_April,_1862_and_placed_in_command_of_the_Cavalry_(Bayards_Brigade)_for_the_Department_of_the_Rappahannock._Bayard_followed_McClellan_to_the_Peninsula,_and_was_active_in_the_battles_of_Cross_Keys_and_Cedar_Mountain._His_cavalry_brigade_opened_the_Battle_of_Fredericksburg_on_December_13,_1862,_holding_the_Rebels_until_the_Federal_infantry_could_be_positioned._He_was_struck_in_the_hip_by_a_shell_fragment_later_that_afternoon_while_at_Maj._Gen._William_B._Franklins_headquarters_in_a_grove_of_trees_near_Fredericksburg,_and_died_the_following_day._Gen._Franklin_reported_of_Bayard_the_loss_of_this_gallant_young_general_is_a_severe_blow_to_his_arm_of_the_service,_and_in_him_the_country_has_lost_one_of_its_most_dashing_and_gallant_cavalry_officers._He_was_four_days_short_of_his_27th_birthday_and_also_few_days_away_from_his_pending_marriage_when_he_died._(Bio_by_M.I._Goodman)	cavalry_f_frontier__wp_
29	Beal,_G.L.	Gen29.pcx	1	30	0	215	13	9	1	2	3	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
30	Beatty,_J.	Gen30.pcx	1	78	0	215	24	9	1	3	4	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
31	Beatty,_S.	Gen31.pcx	1	44	0	215	24	9	1	4	2	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex_war____
32	Belknap,_W.W.	Gen32.pcx	1	44	0	215	9	9	1	3	5	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	18	18	0	0	0	nobio	____lawyer_
33	Benham,_H.W.	Gen33.pcx	1	84	0	215	0	9	1	6	8	3	6	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex_war___wp1st_
34	Benton,_W.P.	Gen34.pcx	1	14	0	215	8	9	1	4	6	4	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	19	-1	0	0	0	nobio	_mex_war___judge_
35	Berry,_H.G.	Gen35.pcx	1	30	0	215	13	9	1	4	5	1	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	18	24	0	0	0	nobio	_____
36	Bidwell,_D.D.	Gen36.pcx	1	28	0	215	22	9	1	3	4	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	7	8	0	0	0	nobio	_____
37	Birge,_H.W.	Gen37.pcx	1	78	0	215	3	9	1	2	3	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
38	Birney,_D.B.	Gen38.pcx	1	53	0	215	25	9	1	3	6	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____lawyer_
39	Birney,_W.	Gen39.pcx	1	26	0	215	21	9	1	2	5	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	0	0	0	nobio	____fmn_command_
40	Blair,_F.P.	Gen40.pcx	1	56	0	215	19	9	1	4	7	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____good_
41	Blenker,_L.	Gen41.pcx	1	0	35	78	22	18	1	3	2	1	2	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	17	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Ludwig_(Louis)_Blenker_(b._1812,_d._1863)._In_the_first_battle_for_the_preservation_of_the_Union_at_Bull_Run,_he_commanded_the_reserves,_and_by_his_actions_averted_the_destruction_of_the_fleeing_Union_army_and_protected_the_national_capitol_reads_Blenkers_epitaph._Born_in_Worms,_Germany,_Blenker_had_enlisted_in_the_Bavarian_Legion_and_gone_to_Naufplio,_Greece_in_1832_when_the_sixteen-year-old_Otto_from_Bavaria_was_made_King_of_Greece_there._Blenker_returned_to_his_hometown_after_five_years._In_the_Revolution_of_1848_he_was_a_prominent_figure_and_led_the_democratic_forces_in_1849_with_initial_success_against_the_troops_that_were_sent_to_put_down_the_revolution._However,_when_the_Prussian_army_was_victorious_in_Baden,_Blenker_had_to_flee_to_Switzerland_and_from_there_to_the_United_States._At_the_outbreak_of_the_Civil_War_in_1861_he_used_his_fame_among_German_immigrants_to_raise_regiments_for_the_Union_in_New_York_City,_where_he_ran_a_business._As_a_colonel_he_led_the_8th_New_York_at_First_Bull_Run_and_fought_the_rearguard_action_commemorated_by_his_epitaph._For_his_valuable_service_in_the_wars_first_major_battle_he_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general_on_August_9,_1861._Further_recruiting_enabled_him_to_form_a_division_made_up_of_Germans_that_was_named_Blenkers_Division,_which_he_was_assigned_to_lead._Heading_to_western_Virginia_to_support_Gen._John_C._Fremont_in_April_1862,_the_division_was_surprised_by_snow._As_it_lacked_the_necessary_equipment_and_supplies_Blenkers_Division_lived_off_the_land__or,_more_accurately,_off_the_people_who_lived_on_the_land._This_enraged_the_Southerners_who_had_been_Blenkered,_as_the_practice_of_appropriating_goods_for_an_armys_consumption_came_to_be_called._With_the_help_of_Gen._William_S._Rosecrans_the_division_finally_reached_Fremont_on_May_11,_more_than_a_month_after_their_April_6_departure._Blenker_was_nominally_in_command_of_his_division_during_the_Battle_of_Cross_Keys_on_June_8_when_the_Union_attack_was_repulsed_by_the_outnumbered_Confederates_with_heavy_losses,_but_as_Blenker_had_been_passed_over_in_the_chain_of_command_and_ignored_by_Fremont,_he_resigned_after_the_battle._Some_sources_say_that_he_was_relieved_of_command,_but_it_is_more_likely_that_he_resigned,_as_charges_were_never_pressed_against_him_and_he_was_discharged_from_the_army_with_all_honors_in_May_1863._Blenker_died_in_October_of_the_same_year_from_injuries_contracted_through_the_fall_from_a_horse._His_grave_can_be_found_in_Rockland_Cemetery,_Rockland_County,_New_York._(Bio_by_Joern_Kaesebier)	___foreign_relieved_
42	Blunt,_J.G.	Gen42.pcx	1	30	0	215	10	9	1	3	4	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	9	0	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._James_Gillpatrick_Blunt_(b._1826,_d._1881)._A_Maine-born_Kansas_doctor,_Blunt_had_long_been_active_in_the_conflict_over_slavery_in_his_adopted_state,_and_was_an_ally_of_the_martyred_John_Brown._Blunt_was_involved_with_some_irregular_military_units_early_in_the_Civil_War_before_being_accepted_into_the_national_service_as_a_Brigadier_General_in_April,_1862._His_battle_credits_in_the_Trans-Mississippi_area_include_being_in_overall_command_at_Old_Fort_Wayne_and_Cane_Hill_and_serving_at_Prairie_Grove,_Honey_Springs_and_in_defense_of_Missouri_during_Prices_1864_invasion._All_of_his_commands_were_at_district_and_department_level_in_Kansas,_Missouri_and_Arkansas._He_was_mustered_out_in_July,_1865_and_resumed_his_Kansas_medical_practice_before_serving_with_the_government_in_Washington._Prior_to_his_death_he_was_confined_for_insanity._(Bio_by_Kevin_Pugh)	cavalry____doctor_
43	Bohlen,_H.	Gen43.pcx	1	31	39	215	25	9	1	3	4	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Henry_Bohlen_(b._1810,_d._1862)._Born_in_Bremen,_Germany,_Bohlen_became_fond_of_the_military_early_in_his_life,_participating_in_the_siege_of_Antwerp_in_1832_and_experiencing_the_Crimean_War_as_an_observer._The_Philadelphia_liquor_merchant_had_the_misfortune_of_serving_under_poor_officers__eventually_costing_him_his_life._Based_upon_alleged_Mexican_War_service_(which_had_brought_him_to_the_United_States)_he_was_able_to_obtain_the_colonelcy_of_a_local_German_regiment__the_75th_Pennsylvania,_which_he_had_raised_at_his_own_expense__and_ultimately_a_brigade_command_in_the_Army_of_the_Potomac_on_April_28,_1862._Taking_part_in_the_campaign_against_Gen._Thomas_Stonewall_Jackson_in_the_Shenandoah_Valley,_he_fought_at_Cross_Keys._When_the_Mountain_Department_was_merged_into_Popes_Army_of_Virginia,_Bohlen_started_on_his_last_campaign,_that_of_Second_Bull_Run._After_covering_the_withdrawal_from_Cedar_Mountain_in_early_August,_1862,_he_participated_in_the_maneuvering_in_Northern_Virginia._On_August_22,_1862_he_was_ordered_to_make_a_reconnaissance_expedition_across_the_Rappahannock_at_Freemans_Ford_so_as_to_determine_the_enemys_intentions._Useless_and_extremely_hazardous_in_the_face_of_Jacksons_command,_the_mission_was_undertaken_nonetheless,_and_Bohlen_was_cut_down_while_trying_to_re-cross_the_river._(Bio_by_Kevin_Pugh)	_mex_war__foreign__
44	Bowen,_J.	Gen44.pcx	1	42	0	215	22	9	1	4	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._James_Bowen_(b._1808,_d._1886)._A_railroader_and_civic_leader_in_New_York_City,_Bowen_was_head_of_the_first_city_board_of_police_commissioners_in_1855._As_a_result_of_his_recruiting_efforts_in_his_home_state_he_was_appointed_a_Brigadier_General_in_October,_1862_and_put_in_charge_of_the_brigade_he_had_raised._Having_been_sent_to_New_Orleans,_Bowen_served_as_provost-marshal_of_the_Department_of_the_Gulf_in_the_aftermath_of_Gen._Benjamin_Butlers_departure._Due_to_his_age_he_spent_the_entire_war_in_staff_assignments._He_was_caught_up_in_Gen._Nathaniel_Banks_disaster_in_the_Red_River_Campaign_of_1864._Relieved_of_duty_shortly_thereafter,_he_resigned_on_July_27,_1864,_but_received_a_brevet_of_Major_General_the_following_March._After_the_war_he_resumed_his_civic_activities._(Bio_by_Kevin_Pugh)	____relieved_
45	Boyle,_J.T.	Gen45.pcx	1	29	0	215	11	9	1	2	2	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Jeremiah_Tilford_Boyle_(b._1818,_d._1871)._Boyle,_a_Kentucky_lawyer_and_slave_owner,_remained_loyal_to_the_Union__and_because_of_this_he_fit_into_the_Lincoln_Administrations_scheme_of_placing_such_men_in_high_military_positions._As_a_result,_Boyle_was_appointed_a_Brigadier_General_by_Pres._Lincoln_in_March,_1862,_though_the_promotion_was_effective_the_previous_November._Put_in_command_of_a_brigade_in_the_Army_of_the_Ohio,_Boyle_and_his_men_saw_action_at_Shiloh._Soon_thereafter_he_was_ordered_to_Kentucky,_where_he_served_in_effect_as_military_governor._It_was_here_that_he_was_plagued_with_Confederate_raiders,_whom_he_appeared_powerless_to_stop._As_a_result_of_this_and_his_heavy-handed_methods,_Boyle_earned_the_enmity_of_a_large_part_of_the_local_population._He_was_principally_noted_for_telegraphing_for_reinforcements_whenever_there_was_Confederate_cavalry_or_guerilla_activity_in_his_domain._His_continued_heavy-handedness_forced_his_removal_in_January,_1864._Boyle_was_ordered_to_Knoxville_but_instead_resigned_that_same_month._He_then_entered_the_land_and_railroad_business,_at_which_he_was_much_more_adept._(Bio_by_Kevin_Pugh)	____relieved_
46	Bradley,_L.P.	Gen46.pcx	1	83	0	215	7	9	1	5	4	5	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Luther_Prentice_Bradley_(b._1822,_d._1910)._Chicago-born_salesman_and_militia_officer_Bradley_twice_succeeded_fallen_brigade_commanders_in_the_midst_of_battle._Originally_appointed_in_late_1861_as_a_Lieutenant_Colonel_in_the_51st_Illinois,_he_was_in_command_of_that_regiment_within_a_year._Serving_in_the_Army_of_the_Cumberland,_he_led_his_regiment_into_action_at_Island_No._10_and_Murfreesboro,_where_he_succeeded_his_fallen_brigade_commander._After_serving_through_the_Tullahoma_Campaign,_Bradley_was_wounded_at_Chickamauga,_where_he_earned_a_brevet_for_Brigadier_General_in_the_regular_army._He_returned_to_duty_in_time_for_the_Atlanta_Campaign,_winning_another_brevet_at_Resaca_and_again_replacing_a_fallen_brigade_commander,_at_Kennesaw_Mountain._This_time_he_was_promoted_to_Brigadier_General._His_brigade_joined_the_corps_that_Sherman_detached_to_follow_Confederate_Gen._John_B._Hood_into_Tennessee._Bradley_was_again_wounded_during_this_campaign_and_did_not_return_to_duty_until_after_the_war._He_entered_the_regular_army_and_served_until_1886,_retiring_as_a_colonel_and_brevet_brigadier_general._(Bio_by_Kevin_Pugh)	_____
47	Bragg,_E.S.	Gen47.pcx	1	83	0	215	33	9	1	3	4	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Edward_Stuyvesant_Bragg_(b._1827,_d._1912)._New_York-born_Wisconsin_lawyer_Bragg_served_nearly_his_entire_career_in_the_famed_Iron_Brigade._He_was_originally_appointed_a_Captain_in_the_6th_Wisconsin_in_1861._After_service_in_Washington_and_Fredericksburg,_he_saw_action_at_Second_Bull_Run,_particularly_in_the_fierce_fighting_at_Groveton_where_the_brigade_earned_its_sobriquet._Bragg_and_the_brigade_fought_at_Antietam_soon_thereafter._In_early_1863,_Bragg_assumed_command_of_his_original_regiment_and_led_it_at_Chancellorsville._Missing_Gettysburg_due_to_illness,_he_led_the_Iron_Brigade_after_it_was_merged_with_other_units_due_to_the_severe_loss_of_its_strength_caused_by_the_casualties_suffered_there._Bragg_then_led_another_brigade_from_the_Wilderness_through_Cold_Harbor,_and_again_took_command_of_the_Iron_Brigade_in_June_1864_in_front_of_Petersburg,_having_been_promoted_to_Brigadier_General._He_led_this_unit_through_the_remainder_of_the_war_and_was_mustered_out_in_October,_1865._After_the_war_he_served_as_a_Democratic_congressman_from_Wisconsin_and_as_a_diplomat_to_Mexico,_Cuba_and_Hong_Kong._(Bio_by_Kevin_Pugh)	____lawyer_
48	Brannan,_J.M.	Gen48.pcx	1	17	0	215	8	9	1	4	5	5	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._John_Milton_Brannan_(b._1819,_d._1892)._Being_one_of_the_heroes_of_the_Union_defense_at_Chickamauga,_Brannan_was_better_known_for_his_service_as_chief_of_artillery_of_the_Army_of_the_Cumberland._Brannan_was_born_in_Washington,_D.C.,_but_entered_West_Point_from_Indiana._Graduating_in_1841,_he_posted_to_the_artillery_and_saw_action_in_Mexico,_where_he_was_wounded_and_received_a_brevet._A_professional_soldier,_he_served_in_the_southeast,_which_included_fighting_in_the_Third_Seminole_War,_and_was_promoted_to_Captain_in_the_1st_Artillery_in_1854._At_the_beginning_of_the_sectional_conflict_of_1860,_he_was_in_command_of_Fort_Taylor_at_Key_West,_Florida._Although_the_state_seceded,_no_attempt_was_made_to_capture_the_fort._Thus_Brannan_held_his_post,_and_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general_of_volunteers_in_September_1861,_becoming_commander_of_the_newly_created_Department_of_Key_West_on_January_11,_1862._He_saw_action_at_Jacksonville,_Florida_and_received_a_brevet._Brannan_went_on_to_command_the_Union_forces_at_Beaufort,_South_Carolina._Transferred_west_in_1863_to_command_a_division_in_the_corps_of_Gen._George_Thomas_in_the_Army_of_the_Cumberland,_he_fought_in_the_Tullahoma_Campaign._From_September_19-20,_1863_his_division_was_engaged_at_Chickamauga._Brannans_division_was_the_initial_defending_force_of_the_Horseshoe_Ridge_on_which_Thomas_managed_to_delay_the_Confederate_attacks_long_enough_to_save_most_of_the_army._As_a_result,_Brannan_was_promoted_to_Major_in_the_regular_army._Prior_to_the_battles_around_Chattanooga_and_as_a_result_of_his_specialty,_he_was_appointed_chief_of_artillery_for_the_Army_of_the_Cumberland_and_inspected_all_of_the_batteries_in_the_department._He_subsequently_served_throughout_the_Atlanta_Campaign._While_Sherman_started_his_famous_March_to_the_Sea,_Brannan_stayed_with_the_Army_of_the_Cumberland_to_defend_Tennessee_against_Gen._John_B._Hoods_invasion._Having_been_brevetted_to_major_general_of_the_volunteer_and_regular_forces,_Brannan_remained_in_the_army_after_the_war_until_retiring_in_1882_at_the_rank_of_colonel._Ten_years_later_he_died_in_New_York_City,_where_he_was_also_buried._However,_his_body_was_later_reinterred_at_West_Point_Cemetery._(Bio_by_Kevin_Pugh,_with_Joern_Kaesebier)	artillery_____
49	Brayman,_M.	Gen49.pcx	1	41	0	215	7	9	1	3	2	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._Mason_Brayman_(b._1813,_d._1895)._Brayman,_a_New_York_native_who_made_a_career_of_the_law_and_journalism_before_the_Civil_War,_was_residing_in_Illinois_at_its_outbreak._Appointed_a_Major_in_the_29th_Illinois_in_April_1861,_he_was_in_command_of_this_regiment_by_August,_leading_it_at_Fort_Donelson_and_Shiloh._Promoted_to_Brigadier_General_on_Sept._21,_1862,_Brayman_briefly_commanded_a_brigade_in_the_Army_of_the_Tennessee,_which_proved_to_be_his_last_line_command._Thereafter_he_held_various_post_and_district_assignments_in_the_Western_theater,_including_at_Cairo,_Illinois_and_Natchez,_Mississippi._Brevetted_Major_General_for_his_war_service,_he_was_mustered_out_in_August_1865._After_the_war_he_returned_to_journalism_but_also_became_involved_in_railroading._He_later_served_as_governor_of_Idaho_Territory._(Bio_by_Kevin_Pugh)	_____
50	Briggs,_H.S.	Gen50.pcx	1	36	0	215	15	9	1	3	3	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Henry_Shaw_Briggs_(b._1824,_d._1887)._Briggs,_a_Massachusetts_lawyer,_had_long_been_active_in_his_states_militia._An_1844_Williams_College_graduate,_he_was_admitted_to_the_state_bar_in_1848,_and_elected_to_the_state_legislature_in_1856._Briggs_was_captain_of_the_Allen_Guard_in_the_8th_Massachusetts_Militia_at_the_outbreak_of_the_war._This_unit_was_sent_to_Annapolis_before_the_three-month_unit_was_disbanded._He_was_subsequently_appointed_Colonel_and_commander_of_the_10th_Massachusetts_in_June_1861._Joining_the_Army_of_the_Potomac,_Briggs_took_part_in_the_Peninsula_Campaign_and_was_wounded_in_both_thighs_at_Seven_Pines._During_his_recovery_in_July_1862_he_was_promoted_to_Brigadier_General._Never_fully_recovering_from_his_wounds,_Briggs_commanded_a_brigade_guarding_Maryland_and,_for_a_short_time,_a_division_in_the_Army_of_the_Potomac._At_this_point_his_wound_made_him_incapable_of_further_field_service_and_he_spent_the_remainder_of_the_war_supervising_a_camp_for_draftees_in_Alexandria,_Virginia._Mustered_out_in_December_1865,_he_returned_to_Massachusetts_and_served_as_state_auditor_until_1869._Subsequently_he_was_a_district_court_judge_as_well_as_appraiser_at_the_Boston_Custom_House_in_his_native_state._(Bio_by_Kevin_Pugh)	_____
51	Brisbin,_J.S.	Gen51.pcx	1	94	0	215	25	9	1	4	4	3	4	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._James_Sanks_Brisbin_(b._1837,_d._1892)._Active_in_the_anti-slavery_movement,_Pennsylvania_lawyer_and_teacher_Brisbin_entered_the_Union_Army_as_a_private_at_the_outbreak_of_the_war._Soon_after,_he_was_appointed_a_2nd_Lieutenant_in_the_1st_Dragoons._Brisbin_saw_action_with_that_unit_at_First_Bull_Run,_receiving_a_wound._In_August_1861_he_was_promoted_to_Captain_in_the_6th_Cavalry._During_his_service_with_that_unit_he_was_brevetted_for_his_actions_at_Beverly_Ford._In_March_1864_he_was_promoted_to_Colonel_and_took_command_of_the_5th_U.S._Colored_Cavalry_Regiment._As_a_staff_officer_he_took_part_in_the_Red_River_Campaign_and_was_wounded_at_Sabine_Crossroads._Next,_he_went_to_Kentucky_to_organize_another_regiment_and_earned_another_brevet_for_a_fight_at_Marion_in_East_Tennessee._With_hostilities_virtually_at_a_close,_Brisbin_was_promoted_to_Brigadier_General_on_May_1,_1865,_having_already_been_breveted_to_that_rank_the_previous_December._Shortly_after_his_promotion_he_was_mustered_out_of_the_volunteers_as_a_brevet_Major_General._He_continued_in_the_regular_army_until_his_death_as_a_Lieutenant_Colonel_while_commanding_the_8th_U.S._Cavalry_Regiment._In_1882_he_purchased_a_ranch_on_the_Yellowstone_River_and_became_very_interested_in_agriculture,_land,_and_cattle_ranching,_for_which_he_acquired_the_nickname_Grasshopper_Jim._A_prolific_writer,_Brisbin_was_a_constant_contributor_of_articles_and_letters_to_Eastern_periodicals_on_a_wide_range_of_subjects._(Bio_by_Kevin_Pugh)	cavalry_____
52	Brooke,_J.R.	Gen52.pcx	1	80	0	215	25	9	1	5	4	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	-1	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._John_Rutter_Brooke_(b._1838,_d._1926)._Pennsylvania_native_Brooke_was_appointed_a_Captain_in_the_4th_Pennsylvania_at_the_outbreak_of_the_Civil_War._Much_to_his_dismay,_this_regiment_marched_away_from_the_fighting_at_First_Bull_Run,_as_its_three-month_enlistment_had_expired._Four_months_later_he_raised_his_own_regiment,_the_53rd_Pennsylvania,_and_was_promoted_to_Colonel._Brooke_led_this_regiment_through_the_Peninsula_Campaign_and_served_as_a_brigade_commander_at_Antietam,_subsequently_returning_to_command_his_regiment_shortly_before_the_Battle_of_Fredericksburg._Again_elevated_to_brigade_command,_Brooke_served_in_this_capacity_at_Chancellorsville_and_Gettysburg,_where_he_was_wounded_in_the_Wheatfield_when_his_brigade_was_sent_to_the_relief_of_the_3rd_Corps._His_men_temporarily_stopped_the_Confederates_and_stabilized_the_Union_line_long_enough_to_prevent_a_breakthrough._During_his_recovery_he_commanded_a_camp_for_convalescents_in_Pennsylvania._Returning_to_brigade_command_in_time_for_the_Overland_Campaign,_Brooke_was_promoted_to_Brigadier_General_on_May_12,_1864,_and_fought_at_the_Wilderness_and_Spotsylvania,_and_was_wounded_again_during_the_assault_at_Cold_Harbor._After_convalescing_for_ten_months,_Brooke_was_given_command_of_a_division_in_the_Shenandoah._Mustered_out_of_the_volunteers_as_a_brevet_Major_General_in_February_1866,_he_joined_the_regular_army_as_a_Lieutenant_Colonel_and_served_in_various_frontier_assignments._In_the_Spanish-American_War_Brooke_commanded_the_1st_Corps_of_the_Army,_landing_at_Arroyo_(Puerto_Rico)_with_Gen._Peter_C._Hains_and_reaching_Guayama_by_the_time_the_armistice_had_been_signed._In_October_of_1898,_Brooke_became_military_governor_of_Cuba_and_Puerto_Rico,_as_well_as_head_of_the_army_of_occupation._In_1902,_Brooke_was_forced_to_retire_at_the_age_of_64_as_a_Major_General._He_settled_in_Philadelphia_and_was_the_next_to_last_Union_general_to_pass_away_(preceding_the_100-year-old_Brig._Gen._Aaron_S._Daggett_in_1938_by_twelve_years)._(Bio_by_Kevin_Pugh)	_____
53	Brooks,_W.T.H	Gen53.pcx	1	16	0	215	24	9	1	5	5	4	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._William_Thomas_Harbaugh_Brooks_(b._1821,_d._1870)._Brooks,_an_Ohioan,_graduated_from_West_Point_in_1841,_ranking_46th_in_a_class_of_52._Posted_to_the_infantry,_he_saw_action_in_the_Seminole_War._He_next_earned_two_brevets_for_his_actions_during_the_Mexican_War,_in_which_he_saw_significant_action._Staying_in_the_regular_army_and_serving_on_the_frontier,_Brooks_was_serving_as_a_Captain_in_the_3rd_Infantry_at_the_outbreak_of_the_Civil_War._Appointed_a_Brigadier_General_in_September_1861,_he_took_command_of_a_brigade_in_the_Army_of_the_Potomac,_leading_it_in_the_Peninsular_Campaign._Brooks_himself_was_wounded_during_the_fighting_at_Savage_Station_and,_having_fought_at_the_Battle_of_South_Mountain_during_the_Maryland_Campaign_just_three_days_previously,_Brooks_was_again_wounded_at_the_Battle_of_Antietam._After_leading_a_division_at_Fredericksburg_and_Chancellorsville,_Brooks_was_promoted_to_Major_General._During_Lees_invasion_of_Pennsylvania_he_was_placed_in_command_of_the_Monongahela_Department,_which_stretched_into_Ohio_and_West_Virginia._In_April_1864,_Brooks_was_demoted_to_Brigadier_General,_apparently_for_having_sent_a_letter_to_Washington_complaining_of_how_Gen._Ambrose_E._Burnside_was_directing_the_army_in_the_aftermath_of_the_Battle_of_Fredericksburg._In_the_final_year_of_the_war,_he_served_as_division_and_later_corps_commander_in_the_Army_of_the_James,_seeing_action_at_Drewrys_Bluff,_Bermuda_Hundred_and_Cold_Harbor._During_the_Siege_of_Petersburg,_Brooks_was_forced_to_resign_due_to_ill_health._He__subsequently_retired_to_Alabama_and_began_farming._He_died_in_Huntsville_a_much-respected_citizen,_whose_ex-Confederate_neighbors_decorated_his_grave_with_a_Confederate_emblem._(Bio_by_Kevin_Pugh)	_mex_war_seminole__wp_
54	Brown,_E.B.	Gen54.pcx	1	16	0	215	19	9	1	4	3	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	3	0	0	0	nobio	_____
55	Buchanan,_R.C.	Gen55.pcx	1	30	0	215	14	9	1	3	3	3	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex_war_seminole__wpdefense_
56	Buckingham,_C.P.	Gen56.pcx	1	30	0	215	24	9	1	3	3	3	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	12	0	0	0	0	nobio	___admin_wp_
57	Buckland,_R.P.	Gen57.pcx	1	36	0	215	24	9	1	2	4	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
60	Buford,_N.B.	Gen60.pcx	1	36	0	215	7	9	1	4	4	4	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	24	0	0	0	0	nobio	artillery____wp_
61	Burbridge,_S.G.	Gen61.pcx	1	32	0	215	11	9	1	3	3	4	2	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____relieved_
62	Burnham,_H.	Gen62.pcx	1	34	0	215	13	9	1	3	3	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
63	Burns,_W.W.	Gen63.pcx	1	52	0	215	24	9	1	3	5	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
65	Bussey,_C.	Gen65.pcx	1	16	0	215	9	9	1	2	3	1	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	23	0	0	0	nobio	cavalry_____
66	Busteed,_R.	Gen66.pcx	1	38	0	215	7	9	1	5	2	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Richard_Busteed_(b._1822,_d._1898)._Busteed_was_born_in_Cavan,_Ireland,_on_February_16,_1822._His_father,_an_ardent_British_emancipationist,_moved_the_family_several_times,_eventually_ending_up_in_New_York_City._Busteed_followed_his_fathers_moves,_working_with_him_on_newspapers_and_as_a_Methodist_minister._In_1840,_after_a_trip_to_Ireland_for_his_health,_Busteed_took_up_the_practice_of_law,_being_accepted_to_the_bar_in_1846,_and_becoming_a_well-known_defense_attorney._From_1855_to_1859,_he_was_corporate_counsel_for_the_city_of_New_York._A_supporter_of_Illinois_Sen._Stephen_Douglas_in_the_election_of_1860,_he_became_a_firm_Union_man_after_the_attack_on_Fort_Sumter._Busteed_was_appointed_a_Brigadier_General_of_Volunteers_by_Pres._Abraham_Lincoln_on_August_7,_1862._After_serving_in_New_York_and_Washington,_he_took_command_of_a_brigade_at_Yorktown_in_December_1862._His_pre-war_positions_on_abolition_and_his_support_of_Lincolns_administration_had_gained_him_enemies,_however,_and_before_his_commission_came_up_before_the_Senate_for_confirmation,_he_submitted_his_resignation_to_President_Lincoln_on_March_10,_1863._This_action_was_taken_despite_the_fact_that_five_colonels_of_his_brigade_had_sent_a_letter_to_the_Senate_indicating_how_discipline_in_their_regiments_had_improved_under_his_command._After_leaving_the_army,_Busteed_was_appointed_a_United_States_district_judge_in_Alabama,_where_he_served_with_distinction_during_reconstruction,_despite_some_controversy_with_military_authorities,_until_1874,_when_he_resigned_and_returned_to_the_private_practice_of_law_in_New_York._He_died_in_New_York_City_on_September_14,_1898._(Bio_by_Carny)	_____
68	Butterfield,_D.A.	Gen68.pcx	1	16	0	215	22	9	1	5	4	4	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	-1	0	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._Daniel_Adams_Butterfield_(b._1831,_d._1901)._Butterfield_was_born_in_Utica,_New_York_on_October_31,_1831._He_was_a_graduate_of_Union_College_in_Schenectady,_N.Y.,_and_worked_before_the_war_as_a_businessman,_notably_for_American_Express,_a_company_his_father_had_co-founded_in_1850._In_April,_1861,_at_the_outbreak_of_war,_Butterfield_joined_the_U.S._Army_in_Washington_as_a_1st_Sergeant_of_militia,_in_which_he_had_previously_been_active._Within_two_weeks_he_was_commissioned_a_Colonel_in_what_would_become_the_12th_New_York_Infantry._By_July_he_was_commanding_a_brigade,_and_just_two_months_later_was_promoted_to_Brigadier_General._Butterfield_served_with_Porters_Division_of_the_Army_of_the_Potomac_during_the_1862_Peninsular_Campaign._Butterfield_was_wounded_at_the_Battle_of_Gaines_Mill_while_exhibiting_courage_that_would_eventually_gain_him_a_Congressional_Medal_of_Honor._During_his_time_on_the_peninsula,_Butterfield_also_experimented_with_bugle_calls,_and_is_(with_some_controversy)_credited_with_inventing_the_bugle_call_Taps._He_continued_to_lead_a_brigade_during_the_battles_of_Second_Bull_Run_and_Antietam,_and_then_became_a_division_commander._Butterfield_was_promoted_to_Major_General_of_Volunteers_in_November_1862,_and_briefly_commanded_V_Corps,_most_notably_during_the_bloody_attack_on_Maryes_Heights_at_the_Battle_of_Fredericksburg._Not_long_after_that_battle,_he_became_chief_of_staff_for_the_Army_of_the_Potomac_under_Gen._Joseph_Hooker._Butterfield_was_disliked_by_other_officers_in_the_army,_and_was_partially_responsible_for_the_bar_and_brothel_atmosphere_at_the_headquarters_of_the_Army_of_the_Potomac_under_Hooker._However,_he_was_also_instrumental_in_the_great_improvements_to_supply_and_logistics,_as_well_as_the_health_conditions,_of_this_army._When_Gen._George_Meade_took_command_of_the_army_just_prior_to_Gettysburg,_he_retained_Butterfield_as_chief_of_staff._Wounded_on_July_3,_Butterfield_left_the_Army_of_the_Potomac,_and_that_Fall_joined_Hooker_as_chief_of_staff_of_what_would_become_XX_Corps_in_the_Army_of_the_Cumberland._Receiving_command_of_the_3rd_Division,_Butterfield_served_in_the_Atlanta_Campaign,_but_illness_forced_him_to_leave_the_field_before_its_conclusion._He_finished_the_war_with_quiet_duties,_first_in_Vicksburg,_Mississippi,_and_then_as_recruiter_and_commander_of_harbor_defenses_for_New_York_City._After_the_war,_Butterfield_remained_in_the_army_till_1870._He_became_Assistant_Treasurer_during_the_Grant_Administration,_and_was_directly_involved_in_the_Black_Friday_gold_panic_of_1869._Butterfield_died_in_Cold_Spring,_NY,_on_July_17,_1901._He_is_buried_in_West_Point,_N.Y.,_despite_never_attending_the_U.S._Military_Academy,_and_has_one_of_the_most_elaborate_memorial_monuments_there._(Bio_by_Carny)	___bugler/taps_medal_of_honor_
69	Cabell,_W.L.	Gen69.pcx	2	25	0	216	31	9	1	4	5	3	4	5	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._William_Lewis_Cabell_(b._1827,_d._1911)._Cabell_was_born_near_Danville,_Virginia_on_January_1,_1827._His_family_was_a_military_one,_and_several_of_his_brothers_also_would_serve_the_Confederacy._Cabell_graduated_from_West_Point_in_1850,_being_assigned_first_to_the_7th_Infantry_regiment._In_1855,_he_was_promoted_to_first_lieutenant_and_became_a_regimental_quartermaster._On_the_outbreak_of_war,_he_offered_his_services_to_the_governor_of_Arkansas,_but_soon_thereafter_he_was_called_to_Richmond,_where_he_assisted_with_the_establishment_of_the_various_logistics_departments_of_the_Confederate_States_Army._Later_that_year_he_was_assigned_to_the_staff_of_the_Confederate_Army_of_the_Potomac,_where_he_remained_as_Quartermaster_under_both_Gen._P.G.T._Beauregard_and_Gen._Joseph_E._Johnston,_until_his_reassignment_in_January_1862._After_leaving_Virginia,_Cabell_was_promoted_to_Brigadier_General,_and_given_command_of_a_force_centered_on_Jacksonport,_Arkansas._After_the_Battle_of_Pea_Ridge,_when_all_Confederate_troops_were_withdrawn_from_Arkansas,_Cabell_was_given_command_of_a_Texas_brigade,_and_fought_in_several_engagements_around_Corinth,_Mississippi._He_then_took_command_of_an_Arkansas_brigade,_which_he_led_through_the_Confederate_defeats_at_Iuka_and_Second_Corinth._He_was_wounded_at_the_Battle_of_Hatchies_Bridge,_and_was_disabled_until_February,_1863,_when_he_took_command_of_all_Confederate_troops_in_northwestern_Arkansas._There_he_successfully_recruited_and_outfitted_one_of_the_largest_cavalry_brigades_west_of_the_Mississippi_River._He_led_this_brigade_in_over_twenty_engagements_including_the_Battle_of_Poison_Spring_and_the_Battle_of_Marks_Mill,_where_he_commanded_two_brigades._Cabell_was_captured_by_Union_forces_during_Prices_Raid_in_October,_1864,_and_spent_the_rest_of_the_war_as_a_prisoner._After_the_war,_Cabell_returned_to_Fort_Smith,_Arkansas,_where_he_worked_as_a_civil_engineer_while_studying_law_at_night._He_was_admitted_to_the_Arkansas_bar_in_1868,_and_practiced_law_until_1872,_when_he_and_his_family_moved_to_Texas._In_1874,_Cabell_was_elected_mayor_of_Dallas._He_served_four_terms,_at_various_times,_in_that_office._After_leaving_office_he_became_a_vice-president_of_a_railroad_company_until_1885,_when_he_was_appointed_a_U.S._Marshal,_a_post_he_occupied_till_1889._He_offered_his_services_during_the_Spanish-American_war,_and_remained_a_major_figure_in_Confederate_veterans_affairs_throughout_his_life._Cabell_died_in_Dallas_on_February_21,_1911,_and_was_buried_there_after_a_large_military_funeral._(Bio_by_Carny)	cavalry____wp_
70	Campbell,_A.W.	Gen70.pcx	2	48	0	216	28	9	1	4	7	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____pow_
71	Cantey,_J.	Gen71.pcx	2	100	0	216	1	9	1	5	7	2	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3	18	0	0	0	nobio	_____
72	Capers,_E.	Gen72.pcx	2	48	0	216	27	9	1	5	6	4	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
73	Carroll,_W.H.	Gen73.pcx	2	100	0	216	28	9	1	2	6	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	11	0	0	0	0	nobio	____badresigned_
74	Carter,_J.C.	Gen74.pcx	2	18	0	216	28	9	1	8	4	3	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
75	Chalmers,_J.R.	Gen75.pcx	2	84	0	216	18	9	1	6	8	4	4	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cavalry_____
76	Chambliss,_J.R.	Gen76.pcx	2	26	0	216	31	9	1	7	7	3	3	5	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
77	Cheatham,_B.F.	Gen77.pcx	2	72	0	216	28	9	1	4	7	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
78	Bonham,_M.l.	Gen78.pcx	2	0	0	78	27	18	1	3	4	3	4	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Milledge_Luke_Bonham_(b._1813,_d._1890)._A_South_Carolina_lawyer,_Bonham_rose_to_the_rank_of_Brigadier_General_in_Confederate_service_and_Major_General_in_state_service._Although_not_a_West_Point_graduate,_he_had_military_experience_commanding_a_company_of_volunteers_in_the_Seminole_War_and_a_regular_regiment_in_Mexico._After_serving_in_the_U.S._House_of_Representatives_from_1857-1860,_Bonham_was_sent_to_Mississippi_by_the_state_legislature_to_obtain_the_cooperation_of_that_state_in_secession._He_assumed_command_of_Morris_Island_following_the_bombardment_of_Fort_Sumter._In_May_of_1861_he_went_to_Virginia_and_commanded_a_brigade_at_the_First_Battle_of_Bull_Run._He_resigned_in_early_1862_after_being_slighted_over_seniority_matters_and_was_elected_to_the_Confederate_House_of_Representatives._He_resigned_in_January_1863_and_was_elected_Governor_of_South_Carolina,_serving_until_he_was_reappointed_a_Brigadier_General_in_February,_1865._He_commanded_a_cavalry_brigade_under_Gen._Joseph_E._Johnston_in_the_Carolinas_Campaign._After_the_Confederacys_surrender_he_resumed_the_life_of_a_lawyer_and_planter._(Bio_by_Kevin_Pugh)	_mex____
79	Bowen,_J.S.	Gen79.pcx	2	28	0	216	19	9	1	4	3	4	5	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._John_Stevens_Bowen_(b._1830,_d._1863)._Bowen,_a_Georgia_native,_graduated_from_West_Point_in_1853._He_served_on_the_frontier_with_the_Regiment_of_Mounted_Riflemen_until_1856,_at_which_time_he_resigned_to_become_an_architect_in_St._Louis._As_war_brewed,_he_was_appointed_a_Captain_in_the_Missouri_State_Guard_in_early_1861._After_serving_at_Camp_Jackson_as_Gen._Daniel_M._Frosts_chief_of_staff,_Bowen_was_captured_and_released._Soon_thereafter_he_was_promoted_to_Colonel_and_raised_the_1st_Missouri_Volunteers,_which_he_took_to_Kentucky._Promoted_to_Brigadier_General_in_March_1862,_Bowen_took_his_brigade_to_Corinth_for_the_buildup_prior_to_the_Battle_of_Shiloh._While_leading_his_brigade_in_that_battle_he_was_severely_wounded._When_he_recovered_he_assumed_command_of_a_brigade_in_the_garrison_at_Vicksburg._During_the_Vicksburg_Campaign_he_was_promoted_to_Major_General_on_May_25,_1863_for_his_heroic_leadership_at_the_Battle_of_Port_Gibson_(though_the_Confederate_Congress_never_approved_the_promotion),_but_his_subsequent_efforts_failed_to_keep_Gen._Ulysses_S._Grants_army_from_forcing_a_retreat_into_Vicksburg._During_the_siege,_Bowen_took_part_in_the_negotiations_for_the_garrisons_surrender_with_mixed_success._Having_been_paroled,_he_died_nine_days_later_at_Raymond,_Mississippi_from_dysentery_contracted_during_the_siege._(Bio_by_Kevin_Pugh)	____wp_
81	Branch,_L.O.	Gen81.pcx	2	25	0	216	23	9	1	4	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Lawrence_OBryan_Branch_(b._1820,_d._1862)._A_North_Carolina_lawyer,_journalist_and_politician,_Branch_resigned_from_Congress_when_his_home_state_seceded._Branch,_a_Seminole_War_veteran,_was_appointed_quartermaster_and_paymaster_general_of_North_Carolina_in_May,_1861._He_gave_up_his_staff_position_to_take_command_of_the_33rd_North_Carolina_Regiment._He_was_promoted_to_Brigadier_General_in_January,_1862,_and_commanded_one_of_the_coastal_districts_of_North_Carolina._He_was_defeated_by_Gen._Ambrose_Burnsides_expedition_at_New_Bern_in_March_of_1862,_and_that_May_was_assigned_to_Virginia,_where_his_brigade_acted_as_a_link_between_Gen._Joseph_E._Johnstons_army_on_the_Peninsula_and_Gen._Joseph_R._Andersons_command_as_it_faced_Union_Gen._Irvin_McDowell_near_Fredericksburg._Merged_into_the_newly_created_Light_Division_of_Gen._A.P._Hill,_Branch_and_his_men_fought_at_Hanover_Court_House_and_in_the_Seven_Days_campaign,_and_later_served_under_Gen._Stonewall_Jackson_at_Cedar_Mountain,_2nd_Bull_Run,_Chantilly_and_Harpers_Ferry._As_part_of_Hills_division,_Branch_arrived_late_at_Antietam_and_played_a_leading_role_in_restoring_the_Confederate_right,_but_he_was_killed_by_a_sharpshooter_just_as_the_lines_were_stabilized._(Bio_by_Kevin_Pugh)	___quartermaster__
82	Brandon,_W.L.	Gen82.pcx	2	82	0	216	18	9	1	3	3	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._William_Lindsay_Brandon_(b._1802,_d._1890)._Mississippi_planter_Brandon_was_a_pre-war_Major_General_in_the_state_militia._After_service_in_the_state_legislature_and_taking_medical_training,_he_was_appointed_a_Lieutenant_Colonel_in_the_21st_Mississippi_in_1861._Sent_with_his_regiment_to_Virginia,_Brandon_fought_in_the_Seven_Days_Battles_and_was_severely_wounded_at_Malvern_Hill,_where_he_lost_a_leg._Returning_to_duty_in_August_1863,_he_was_promoted_to_Colonel_and_assumed_command_of_his_original_regiment_in_time_for_the_fighting_at_Chickamauga_and_Knoxville._In_June_1864,_Brandon_was_promoted_to_Brigadier_General_and_assigned_as_director_of_the_Bureau_of_Conscription_in_Mississippi._He_spent_the_rest_of_the_war_and_all_of_his_service_as_a_general_directing_the_draft._After_the_war_he_retired_to_his_plantation._(Bio_by_Kevin_Pugh)	_____
83	Brantley,_W.F.	Gen83.pcx	2	86	0	216	18	9	1	4	3	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._William_Felix_Brantley_(b._1830,_d._1870)._Brantley,_an_Alabama-born_Mississippi_attorney,_sat_on_the_state_convention_on_secession_before_joining_the_army_as_a_Captain_in_the_Wigfall_Rifles._Appointed_Colonel_in_1862,_he_assumed_command_of_the_29th_Mississippi._Brantley_was_wounded_at_Murfreesboro,_returning_in_time_to_command_his_regiment_at_Chickamauga_and_Chattanooga._During_the_Atlanta_Campaign,_his_regiment_was_consolidated_with_the_30th_Mississippi,_but_he_remained_in_command._During_the_fighting_over_Atlanta,_Brantley_succeeded_the_mortally_wounded_Brig._Gen._Samuel_Benton,_killed_at_Ezra_Church,_in_brigade_command._Four_days_later_he_was_promoted_to_Brigadier_General._Accompanying_Gen._John_B._Hood_into_middle_Tennessee,_Brantley_led_his_brigade_at_Franklin,_Nashville_and_later_in_the_Carolinas._After_the_surrender_at_Durham_Station,_North_Carolina,_he_resumed_his_legal_practice_until_he_was_killed_by_an_unknown_assailant_near_Winona,_Mississippi._(Bio_by_Kevin_Pugh)	_____
84	Bratton,_J.	Gen84.pcx	2	81	0	216	27	9	1	3	3	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._John_Bratton_(b._1831,_d._1898)._South_Carolina_native_Bratton_was_a_doctor_before_the_outbreak_of_the_war._Originally_enlisting_as_a_private_in_the_6th_South_Carolina_in_1861,_he_was_appointed_a_2nd_Lieutenant_in_July_of_that_year._His_regiment_was_originally_assigned_to_the_defense_of_Charleston,_but_was_transferred_to_Virginia_in_time_for_the_Peninsula_Campaign._Upon_arrival,_Bratton_was_named_Colonel_of_his_regiment_when_it_was_reorganized_as_part_of_Jenkins_Brigade,_Picketts_Division,_under_Brig._Gen._Albert_G._Jenkins._He_led_his_regiment_at_Yorktown,_Williamsburg_and_Seven_Pines,_where_he_was_wounded_and_captured._Having_been_exchanged,_Bratton_resumed_command_and_led_the_regiment_at_Fredericksburg_and_in_southeastern_Virginia_during_the_Siege_of_Suffolk._Next_sent_west_under_Gen._John_B._Hood_with_Longstreets_Corps,_Bratton_led_a_brigade_at_Wauhatchie_and_Knoxville._He_then_returned_to_Virginia,_resuming_his_regimental_command_at_the_Wilderness._When_Jenkins_was_killed_at_the_Battle_of_Cloyds_Mountain,_Bratton_was_promoted_to_Brigadier_General_and_led_Jenkins_Brigade_through_Spotsylvania,_North_Anna,_Cold_Harbor,_and_Petersburg,_until_the_surrender_at_Appomattox_Court_House._After_the_war,_Bratton_was_a_farmer_and_became_prominent_in_South_Carolina_politics._(Bio_by_Kevin_Pugh)	____physician_
85	Breckenridge,_J.C.	Gen85.pcx	2	23	0	216	11	50	1	5	2	5	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	0	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._John_Cabell_Breckinridge_(b._1821,_d._1875)._A_Kentucky_native,_Breckinridge_attended_and_studied_law_at_Transylvania_University_in_Lexington,_where_his_uncle_had_been_a_classmate_of_Jefferson_Davis._Breckinridge_used_his_limited_political_pull_to_have_himself_appointed_a_Major_in_the_3rd_Kentucky_during_the_Mexican_War_but_saw_no_action._Resuming_his_legal_practice,_he_soon_turned_to_politics._In_1849_he_was_elected_to_the_state_legislature_and_two_years_later_to_Congress._During_his_time_as_a_Congressman_he_worked_closely_with_Secretary_of_War_Jefferson_Davis._It_is_thought_that,_along_with_Davis,_he_helped_secure_John_B._Hoods_appointment_to_the_crack_Second_Cavalry,_which_Hood_could_not_obtain_because_of_his_dismal_West_Point_record._In_1856,_Breckinridge_was_elected_Vice_President_of_the_United_States_on_the_Democratic_ticket_with_James_Buchanan._Early_in_life_he_considered_slavery_a_necessary_evil_but_during_his_government_service_in_the_turbulent_1850s_his_views_changed_significantly_towards_a_pro-slavery_stance._As_a_result,_when_the_Democratic_Party_split_into_northern_and_southern_wing_for_the_1860_election,_he_became_the_presidential_candidate_for_the_rabid_pro-slavery_faction._Losing_to_Abraham_Lincoln,_he_was_elected_to_represent_Kentucky_in_the_U.S._Senate._Initially_backing_his_states_neutrality,_he_clearly_intended_to_have_the_state_secede._Eventually,_his_heated_secessionist_pronouncements_led_to_orders_for_his_arrest._Breckinridge_made_his_way_to_the_nearest_Confederate_outpost_in_Bowling_Green_and_from_there_to_Richmond._In_the_meantime_he_was_officially_expelled_from_the_Senate._Upon_arrival_in_Richmond,_his_old_political_ally_Davis_appointed_him_Brigadier_General_and_he_was_sent_back_to_his_home_state_to_command_the_Kentucky_Brigade_(later_to_be_known_as_the_Orphan_Brigade)_under_Gen._Albert_S._Johnston._He_was_promoted_to_Major_Gen._just_before_Shiloh_and_commanded_the_Army_of_the_Mississippis_Reserve_Corps_there_and_through_the_Corinth_Campaign._The_promotion_was_purely_political,_for_he_had_not_shown_any_dazzling_military_ability._He_was_considered_by_some_to_be_the_handsomest_man_in_the_Confederate_Army,_but_he_was_also_known_as_a_hard-drinking,_tobacco-chewing,_and_rough-and-ready_sort_of_general._Having_directed_the_unsuccessful_attack_on_Baton_Rouge,_his_command_was_later_incorporated_into_the_newly_named_Army_of_Tennessee._His_division_made_the_disastrous_attack_on_the_final_day_at_Murfreesboro,_against_his_advice_to_Gen._Braxton_Bragg._Breckinridge_was_sent_to_Mississippi_to_join_Gen._Joseph_E._Johnston_in_the_unsuccessful_attempts_to_relieve_Vicksburg._Rejoining_Bragg,_he_led_a_division_at_Chickamauga_and_a_corps_at_Chattanooga._As_his_troops_broke_for_the_rear_at_Missionary_Ridge,_Breckinridge_is_quoted_as_saying_Boys,_get_away_as_best_you_can._Considered_by_Bragg_to_have_been_drunk_on_Missionary_Ridge,_he_was_relieved_of_command_and_transferred_to_Virginia._He_was_in_departmental_command_when_he_directed_the_victory_at_New_Market._He_joined_Gen._Robert_E._Lee_in_time_for_Cold_Harbor_and_went_with_Gen._Jubal_Early_in_the_1864_Valley_Campaign._Breckinridge_left_active_service_to_be_appointed_the_Confederacys_Secretary_of_War_in_February_1865,_serving_as_an_advisor_to_Johnston_during_the_surrender_negotiations_in_North_Carolina._Breckinridge_made_another_important_contribution_during_his_brief_tenure_in_that_position:_he_arranged_for_the_Confederacys_archives_to_be_captured_intact_by_the_Union_when_Richmond_fell,_ensuring_that_they_would_be_available_to_history._After_the_war_he_fled_to_Cuba,_then_England_and_finally_Canada._Returning_in_1869,_he_practiced_law_until_his_death_at_age_54_from_complications_arising_out_of_cirrhosis_of_the_liver._(Bio_by_Kevin_Pugh)	_____
86	Brevard,_T.W.	Gen86.pcx	2	100	0	216	5	9	1	3	3	3	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	17	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Theodore_Washington_Brevard_(b._1835,_d._1882)._Brevard,_a_North_Carolina-born_lawyer_and_1849_graduate_of_West_Point,_served_almost_the_entire_Civil_War_in_Florida,_becoming_the_last_formally_appointed_general_in_the_Confederate_Army._When_war_broke_out_he_was_serving_as_the_adjutant_and_inspector_general_for_the_state_of_Florida._He_was_also_a_judge_and_the_comptroller_of_his_adopted_state._In_September_1862_he_was_appointed_a_Major_in_the_1st_Florida_Partisan_Rangers_Battalion_(also_known_as_Brevards_Rangers)._In_mid-1863_he_assumed_command_of_the_newly_designated_2nd_Florida_Battalion,_leading_them_through_the_sparsely_manned_areas_of_the_state._He_was_promoted_to_Colonel_and_put_in_command_of_the_11th_Florida_just_before_he_and_his_men_were_sent_to_Virginia._Arriving_in_time_to_fight_at_Cold_Harbor,_Brevard_led_his_regiment_through_the_Petersburg_siege_until_he_was_promoted_to_Brigadier_General_in_March_1865._It_is_believed_that_he_was_in_command_of_the_Florida_Brigade_of_Mahones_Division,_but_there_is_no_evidence_of_it_in_the_Official_Records._It_also_frequently_reported_that_he_fought_in_the_Battle_of_Olustee,_but_again_there_is_no_record_of_either_him_or_his_men_being_in_that_action._Late_in_the_war_he_was_adjutant_general_to_Gen._Robert_E._Lee_and_was_captured_at_Saylors_Creek._After_the_war_he_returned_to_his_law_practice._A_county_on_Floridas_Atlantic_Coast_is_named_after_the_longtime_public_servant._(Bio_by_Kevin_Pugh)	_____
87	Brown,_J.C.	Gen87.pcx	2	38	0	216	28	9	1	4	3	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	23	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._John_Calvin_Brown_(b._1827,_d._1889)._Without_any_military_education,_Brown_quickly_learned_how_to_lead_volunteers_and_proved_his_bravery_in_battle,_being_wounded_three_times_during_the_Civil_War._Born_in_Giles_County,_Tennessee,_he_graduated_from_Jackson_College_in_nearby_Columbia_in_1846._He_was_admitted_to_the_bar_two_years_later_and_pursued_a_successful_career_as_a_lawyer,_while_his_brother_Neil_became_governor_of_Tennessee_on_the_ticket_of_the_Whig_Party_(1847-1849)._Brown_served_as_an_elector_or_the_Constitutional_Union_Party_ticket_of_John_Bell_and_Edward_Everett_in_the_1860_presidential_election_and_opposed_Tennessees_secession_in_the_aftermath_of_Abraham_Lincolns_election._However,_when_Tennessee_joined_the_Confederacy_he_enlisted_as_a_private_in_the_newly_formed_army._In_May_1861_he_was_commissioned_as_a_colonel_and_given_a_brigade,_which_he_first_led_into_Kentucky_and_with_which_he_was_later_captured_at_Fort_Donelson_the_following_February._Exchanged_in_August_1862,_he_was_made_brigadier_general_and_assigned_to_Gen._Braxton_Braggs_Army_of_Tennessee._During_the_second_invasion_of_Kentucky,_Brown_was_wounded_at_Perryville_on_October_8,_not_returning_to_duty_until_just_before_the_Tullahoma_Campaign_of_June_1863._At_Chickamauga,_he_led_a_brigade_in_Gen._Alexander_P._Stewarts_division_and_was_again_wounded,_returning_in_time_for_the_Confederates_defeat_at_Missionary_Ridge_two_months_later._For_his_conduct_during_the_Atlanta_Campaign_that_followed,_during_which_he_commanded_a_division_several_times,_Brown_was_promoted_to_major_general_in_August_1864._He_again_led_a_division_in_Gen._Frank_Cheathams_corps_when_Gen._John_B._Hood,_now_in_command_of_Braggs_old_army,_invaded_Tennessee_that_October_as_a_way_of_thwarting_Gen._William_T._Shermans_ability_to_advance_deeper_into_Georgia_but_cutting_his_lines_of_communication_and_supply._At_the_Second_Battle_of_Franklin_on_November_30,_a_calamitous_defeat_for_the_Confederacy_that_permanently_crippled_the_Army_of_Tennessee_after_it_suffered_roughly_15%_casualties,_Brown_was_so_severely_wounded_by_a_shell_that_he_could_not_rejoin_the_army_until_April_1865,_only_days_before_it_surrendered_to_Gen._William_T._Shermans_army_in_Durham_Station,_North_Carolina._After_the_war,_Brown_returned_to_Tennessee_and_resumed_his_law_practice,_but_soon_followed_in_his_brothers_footsteps_and_entered_politics._In_1869,_the_state_constitutional_convention_elected_him_its_president,_and_the_next_year_Brown_successfully_ran_as_governor_on_the_Democrat_ticket._After_being_re-elected_once,_he_ran_for_a_seat_in_the_U.S._Senate_but_was_defeated_by_former_Pres._Andrew_Johnson._During_the_final_years_of_his_life,_Brown_was_engaged_in_the_railroad_business._He_died_at_Red_Boiling_Springs,_Tennessee_in_1889._(Bio_by_Joern_Kaesebier)	_____
88	Browne,_W.M.	Gen88.pcx	2	38	0	216	31	9	1	5	4	3	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
89	Bryan,_G.	Gen89.pcx	2	92	0	216	6	9	1	4	5	4	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___wp_
90	Buckner,_S.B.	Gen90.pcx	2	16	0	216	11	50	1	3	4	3	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	7	0	0	0	Lt._Gen._Simon_Bolivar_Buckner_(b._1823,_d._1914)._Born_in_Hart_County,_Kentucky,_Buckner_was_named_after_the_liberator_of_South_America._After_graduating_from_the_United_States_Military_Academy_at_West_Point_in_1844,_he_was_on_garrison_duty_for_a_short_time_before_returning_there_as_a_faculty_member._The_Mexican-American_War_interrupted_his_time_as_instructor._Having_won_two_brevets_in_Mexico,_he_returned_to_West_Point_and_then_stayed_there_until_1850._In_1855,_Buckner_resigned_from_the_army_and_began_to_work_in_his_father-in-laws_real_estate_business_in_Chicago._Three_years_later,_he_returned_to_Kentucky_and_rose_to_inspector_general_of_the_state_militia_in_1860._In_the_debate_over_Kentuckys_fate_in_the_sectional_conflict_of_1861,_Buckner_was_used_by_the_pro-Southern_Gov._Beriah_Magoffin_to_secure_Kentuckys_neutrality._When_offered_a_commission_as_brigadier_general_by_the_Union_that_August,_Buckner_refused,_and_instead_accepted_the_same_rank_in_the_Confederate_Army_on_September_14._Buckners_first_significant_task_was_to_begin_the_fortification_of_Bowling_Green,_the_seat_of_Confederate_support_in_Kentucky._Next,_in_February_1862_Buckners_task_was_to_defend_Fort_Donelson_on_the_Cumberland_River._Fighting_under_the_inexperienced_Gen._John_B._Floyd,_Buckner_had_no_confidence_in_the_mission._When_a_breakout_attempt_failed_on_February_15,_his_superiors_fled_from_the_fort,_leaving_Buckner_with_the_task_of_dealing_with_the_first__though_not_the_last,_as_later_events_would_show__of_Gen._Ulysses_S._Grants_requests_for_unconditional_surrender._Upon_his_surrender_of_this_crucial_fort,_Buckner_was_taken_prisoner,_but_was_exchanged_on_August_15_and_promoted_to_major_general._Assigned_to_Gen._Braxton_Braggs_Army_of_Tennessee,_Buckner_commanded_a_division_through_the_invasion_of_Kentucky_and_retreat_to_Tennessee_following_the_Battle_of_Perryville_on_October_8._From_December_1862_to_May_1863,_Buckner_served_in_the_Department_of_the_Gulf,_fortifying_Mobile,_Alabama._He_afterwards_returned_to_Tennessee_and_was_given_a_corps_in_the_Confederate_Left_Wing_at_the_Battle_of_Chickamauga_(September_18-20,_1863)._After_Bragg_failed_to_capitalize_on_the_victory,_debate_over_his_leadership_ensued,_and_Buckner_sided_with_the_majority_of_officers_in_urging_Braggs_removal._But_when_Pres._Jefferson_Davis_visited_the_near-mutinous_army_headquarters_to_investigate_the_situation_and_decided_to_stick_with_Bragg_as_his_army_commander,_Buckner_was_reverted_to_divisional_command._Illness_kept_him_from_duty_until_February_1864,_and_in_May_he_was_transferred_to_Gen._Edmund_Kirby_Smiths_Trans-Mississippi_Department._On_September_20,_he_received_promotion_to_lieutenant_general_and_was_put_in_command_of_the_District_of_West_Louisiana._On_April_19,_1865_he_was_given_the_District_of_Arkansas,_before_becoming_Smiths_chief_of_staff_on_May_9,_1865__a_month_after_the_surrender_of_Confederate_forces_in_the_eastern_theater._It_was_Buckner_who_surrendered_the_Department_on_May_26._After_the_war,_he_had_to_remain_in_New_Orleans_until_1868,_when_he_was_allowed_to_return_to_Kentucky._In_1887_Buckner_was_elected_governor_and_served_until_1891._Five_years_later,_in_1896,_he_ran_for_the_vice-presidency_on_the_ticket_of_the_short-lived_National_Democratic_Party_(or_Gold_Democrat_party),_which_was_vehemently_opposed_to_the_free_silver_policies_advocated_by_William_Jennings_Bryan,_but_was_defeated._The_last_surviving_Confederate_lieutenant_general,_Buckner_died_at_Glen_Lily,_near_Munfordville,_in_1914_and_was_buried_at_Frankfort,_Kentucky._His_son,_Simon_Bolivar_Buckner,_Jr.,_became_a_lieutenant_general_of_the_U.S._Army_and_was_killed_in_the_Battle_of_Okinawa_during_the_Second_World_War__the_highest-ranking_American_general_killed_by_enemy_fire._(Bio_by_Joern_Kaesebier)	_mex___wp_
91	Buford,_A.	Gen91.pcx	2	16	0	216	11	9	1	5	7	3	5	5	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cavalry_mex___wp_
92	Bullock,_R.	Gen92.pcx	2	16	0	216	5	9	1	6	2	3	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
93	Butler,_M.C.	Gen93.pcx	2	64	0	216	27	9	1	5	3	3	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._Matthew_Calbraith_Butler_(b._1836,_d._1909)._Butler_was_born_near_Greenville,_South_Carolina_on_March_8,_1836._His_family_was_quite_prominent:_his_grandfather,_father,_and_cousin_were_congressmen,_his_uncle_a_senator._Butler_grew_up_in_Edgefield,_S.C._and_later_practiced_law_there._In_1860,_he_was_elected_to_the_South_Carolina_House_of_Representatives,_but_resigned_in_1861_with_the_outbreak_of_war._He_soon_thereafter_was_commissioned_a_Captain_in_Hamptons_Legion._In_August_of_1862_he_was_promoted_to_Colonel,_commanding_the_2nd_South_Carolina_Cavalry._As_colonel,_he_was_involved_in_the_battles_of_Second_Manassas,_Sharpsburg,_Monocacy_Bridge,_and_the_Chambersburg_raid._In_1863_he_lost_a_foot_in_the_Battle_of_Brandy_Station._Upon_recovering_from_his_wound,_he_was_promoted_to_Brigadier_General_in_September_of_1863,_succeeding_Gen._Wade_Hampton_III,_and_led_cavalry_in_the_battles_of_the_Wilderness,_Spotsylvania_Court_House,_and_Trevilian_Station._A_year_later,_in_September_of_1864,_Butler_was_promoted_to_Major_General._In_early_1865_during_the_Carolinas_campaign_he_led_the_rear_guard_of_Gen._William_J._Hardees_army._Butler_finished_the_war_as_a_division_commander_under_Hampton,_surrendering_his_command_to_Union_troops_at_Bennett_Place_on_April_26,_1865._After_the_war,_Butler_re-entered_politics,_returning_to_the_South_Carolina_House_of_Representatives_in_1866._Subsequently_he_was_appointed_to_the_U.S._Senate_in_1877,_serving_three_terms._After_leaving_the_Senate_in_1894,_Butler_then_practiced_law_privately_in_Washington,_D.C._until_1898,_when_he_served_with_U.S._forces_during_the_Spanish-American_War._After_the_U.S._victory,_he_supervised_the_evacuation_of_Spanish_troops_from_Cuba,_before_returning_to_Edgefield,_and_private_law_practice._Butler_died_in_Columbia,_South_Carolina,_on_April_14th,_1909,_and_is_buried_in_his_native_Edgefield._(Bio_by_Carny)	_____
94	Chesnut,_J.	Gen94.pcx	2	78	0	216	27	9	1	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._James_Chesnut,_Jr._(b._1815,_d._1885)._Born_January_18,_1815,_Chesnut_was_a_native_of_South_Carolina_and_a_member_of_the_wealthy_plantation_class_of_that_state._He_graduated_from_the_law_department_of_the_College_of_New_Jersey_(later_named_Princeton)_in_1837,_subsequently_entering_South_Carolina_politics._Chesnut_was_elected_to_the_U.S._Senate_in_1858,_but_after_serving_for_two_years_he_withdrew_immediately_following_Abraham_Lincolns_election,_and_was_formally_expelled_from_the_body_the_following_year_because_of_his_support_for_secession._Chesnut_was_on_the_staff_of_Gen._P.G.T._Beauregard_at_Fort_Sumter,_and_along_with_fellow_aide_Stephen_D._Lee,_who_likewise_would_go_on_to_serve_the_Confederacy_as_a_general,_delivered_the_surrender_demands_to_U.S._Army_Major_Robert_Anderson._Chesnut_remained_on_Beauregards_staff_through_First_Manassas,_and_then_became_a_staff_officer_to_Pres._Jefferson_Davis,_holding_the_rank_of_Colonel_of_Cavalry._He_was_promoted_to_Brigadier_General_and_placed_in_command_of_South_Carolina_reserve_troops_in_April_1864._Following_the_war,_Chesnut_returned_to_managing_his_plantations_and_practicing_law,_and_remained_active_in_state_politics_until_his_death_on_Feb._1,_1885._He_is_buried_in_Knights_Hill,_Camden,_South_Carolina._His_wife_Mary_Chesnut_was_a_brilliant_diarist,_who_produced_one_of_the_best_and_most_famous_accounts_of_civilian_life_during_the_Civil_War__earning_her_longer-lasting_fame_than_her_husband._(Bio_by_Michael_Jennings)	_____
95	Chilton,_R.H.	Gen95.pcx	2	75	0	216	31	9	1	2	3	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Robert_Hall_Chilton_(b._1815,_d._1879)._A_native_of_Loudoun_County,_Virginia,_Chilton_graduated_48th_in_West_Points_Class_of_1837,_and_initially_served_in_Kansas,_Texas,_and_the_Indian_Territory._During_the_Mexican_War,_he_was_brevetted_Major_for_heroism_after_he_carried_a_wounded_Jefferson_Davis_from_the_battlefield_at_the_Battle_of_Buena_Vista._Chilton_served_as_a_paymaster_from_1854_until_the_outbreak_of_the_Civil_War._A_close_friend_of_Gen._Robert_E._Lee,_he_served_as_chief_of_staff_of_Lee's_army_until_after_the_Battle_of_Gettysburg._Chilton_was_the_undisputed_author_of_the_famous_Lost_Order_which_delivered_Lee's_plans_into_Union_Gen._George_B._McClellans_hands_prior_to_the_Battle_of_Antietam._His_responsibility_for_the_copy_of_the_order_going_astray_is_uncertain:_one_theory_holds_that_he_deliberately_betrayed_the_South_and_Lee,_and_turned_the_copy_of_the_order_over_to_Union,_but_an_alternate_theory_holds_that_Chilton_was_utterly_incompetent._The_latter_seems_the_more_likely_explanation,_considering_that_Chilton_was_a_West_Point_graduate_who_saved_Davis's_life_in_the_Mexican_War_and_was_also_a_friend_of_Robert_E._Lee,_and_yet_only_received_his_official_promotion_to_brigadier_general_in_on_February_16,_1864_(to_rank_to_October_20,_1862)._Chilton_commanded_in_combat_just_once:_on_May_10,_1864_he_led_a_mixed_force_of_infantry_and_cavalry_successfully_against_a_Union_column_on_the_Richmond_&_Petersburg_Railroad._He_then_completed_the_war_as_inspector_general_based_in_Richmond_until_the_wars_end,_after_which_he_served_as_president_of_a_manufacturing_company_in_Columbus,_Georgia._Chilton_died_of_apoplexy_in_Columbus_on_February_18,_1879,_and_was_buried_in_Hollywood_Cemetery_in_Richmond._(Bio_by_Michael_Jennings)	_mex__paymaster_wp_
96	Churchill,_T.J.	Gen96.pcx	2	74	0	216	2	9	1	5	5	3	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	14	20	0	0	Maj._Gen._Thomas_James_Churchill_(b._1824,_d._1905)._Churchill_was_born_in_Jefferson_County,_Kentucky_on_March_10,_1824,_and_went_on_to_attend_Saint_Mary's_College_and_to_read_law_at_Transylvania_University._He_served_as_lieutenant_in_the_1st_Kentucky_Mounted_Riflemen_during_the_Mexican_War_and_was_taken_prisoner_in_January_1847,_not_being_not_exchanged_until_the_war_was_nearly_over_and_thus_seeing_no_further_action._Following_the_war,_Churchill_moved_to_Little_Rock,_Arkansas_and_purchased_a_plantation._In_1857_he_became_the_citys_postmaster,_a_position_he_held_until_the_outbreak_of_the_Civil_War._Churchill_raised_the_1st_Arkansas_Mounted_Riflemen_regiment_and_took_them_into_Confederate_service._He_performed_admirably_at_the_Battle_of_Wilson's_Creek,_and_was_promoted_to_Brigadier_General_on_March_4,_1862._He_fought_with_Gen._Kirby_Smith_in_the_Kentucky_campaign,_and_distinguished_himself_at_the_Battle_of_Richmond_(Kentucky)._In_December_of_1862_he_assumed_command_of_the_fort_located_at_Arkansas_Post._When_attacked_by_Gen._John_A._McClernand_in_January_1863,_Churchill_mounted_a_spirited_defense,_but_on_the_second_day_some_of_his_troops_surrendered_their_positions_against_orders._His_loss_in_dead_and_wounded_was_only_135_while_that_of_the_attacking_party_was_1,061._A_prisoner_once_again,_this_time_he_was_exchanged_after_only_three_months_captivity._Churchill_then_joined_the_Army_of_the_Tennessee_briefly_before_returning_to_the_Trans-Mississippi_District._Promoted_Major_General_in_March_1863,_Churchill_commanded_a_division_of_Arkansas_infantry_under_Smith_in_the_Red_River_Campaign._He_next_was_transferred_with_his_division_back_to_Arkansas,_and_played_a_prominent_role_in_the_Confederate_victory_at_the_Battle_of_Jenkin's_Ferry._At_the_end_of_the_war_he_retreated_with_Smith_into_Texas,_before_finally_surrendering._Following_the_war_Churchill_returned_to_Arkansas,_where_he_was_elected_state_treasurer_in_1874_and_governor_in_1880._While_governor_an_audit_of_his_accounts_as_treasurer_discovered_a_shortage_of_$233,616._Claiming_bad_bookkeeping_as_the_cause,_he_was_able_to_settle_the_accounts_for_$23,973._After_a_lingering_illness,_Churchill_died_on_May_14,_1905,_and_was_buried_at_historic_Mount_Holly_Cemetery_in_Little_Rock._(Bio_by_Michael_Jennings)	_mex____
97	Clanton,_J.H.	Gen97.pcx	2	56	0	216	1	9	1	2	3	3	4	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._James_Holt_Clanton_(b.1827,_d._1871)._Clanton_was_born_in_Columbia_County,_Georgia_on_January_8,_1827._He_volunteered_for_the_Mexican_War,_but_saw_no_action._A_lawyer_and_politician,_Clanton_opposed_secession,_but_rallied_to_the_cause_once_Alabama_seceded._He_entered_service_as_captain_of_a_mounted_company_and_saw_service_on_the_Florida_coast._Clanton_became_Colonel_of_1st_Alabama_Cavalry_in_1861,_and_fought_at_Shiloh_and_Corinth_under_Gen._Joseph_Wheeler._He_commanded_a_brigade_of_cavalry_at_Boonville,_with_which_he_drove_back_the_enemy._Clanton_raised_three_regiments_of_cavalry,_the_6th,_7th,_and_9th_Alabama_in_the_spring_of_1863_and_was_commissioned_a_brigadier_general,_though_his_promotion_dated_to_November._Clanton_never_was_able_to_command_his_brigade_in_combat_as_a_unified_command,_due_to_the_necessity_of_detachments._He_successfully_fought_Gen._Lovel_H._Rousseau_at_Ten_Islands_on_the_Coosa_River,_on_July_14,_1864._In_a_battle_lasting_several_hours,_his_force_of_two_hundred_engaged_six_times_their_numbers_and_Clantons_entire_staff_was_lost._Clanton_then_served_on_Gen._Leonidas_Polks_staff_at_Resaca,_Adairsville,_and_Cassville._Shortly_before_the_wars_end,_Clanton_was_severely_wounded_and_captured_at_Bluffton_Springs,_Florida,_in_March_1865._Paroled_that_May,_he_resumed_his_legal_practice._On_27_September_1871,_as_a_result_of_a_heated_argument_in_federal_court,_he_was_gunned_down_in_Knoxville_by_David_M._Nelson,_an_ex-Union_officer,_who_shot_and_killed_him_on_the_street_with_a_double-barrel_shotgun._He_is_buried_in_Oakwood_Cemetery_at_Montgomery,_Alabama._(Bio_by_Michael_Jennings)	cavalry_mex____
98	Clark,_C.	Gen98.pcx	2	0	38	124	18	18	1	3	3	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Charles_Clark_(b._1810,_d._1877)._Clark_was_born_in_Cincinnati_in_1810._He_moved_to_Natchez_in_1831_and_became_involved_in_Mississippi_state_politics_through_a_friendship_with_General_Thomas_Hinds,_a_veteran_of_the_War_of_1812,_who_was_one_of_the_most_influential_men_in_south_Mississippi._Clark_volunteered_for_service_during_the_Mexican_War,_during_which_he_organized_the_Thomas_Hinds_Guards,_an_infantry_company_that_became_part_of_the_2nd_Mississippi_Regiment_of_Volunteers;_by_the_end_of_the_war,_Clark_had_become_colonel_of_the_regiment._When_Mississippi_and_other_states_began_considered_secession_in_the_aftermath_of_Pres._Abraham_Lincolns_election,_Clark_was_in_favor_of_doing_so_immediately,_having_been_an_advocate_of_secession_since_switching_from_Whig_to_Democrat_in_the_late_1850s._Following_secession_Mississippi_made_Clark_a_brigadier_general,_then_promoted_him_to_major_general_of_state_troops._Clark_entered_Confederate_service_as_a_brigadier,_and_was_wounded_leading_a_division_in_Gen._Leonidas_Polks_corps_at_Shiloh._Clark_recovered_in_time_to_lead_a_division_in_Gen._John_C._Breckinridges_attempt_to_retake_Baton_Rouge_on_August_5,_1862._During_the_battle_Clark_was_severely_wounded_when_a_ball_passed_through_his_right_thigh_and_shattered_the_bone._Those_who_had_been_severely_wounded_were_left_behind_to_become_prisoners_when_the_army_retreated,_but_since_Clarks_wound_was_thought_to_be_mortal_he_was_taken_to_New_Orleans_for_treatment._Clarks_wife_was_able_to_nurse_him_back_to_health,_though_he_was_never_again_able_to_walk_without_crutches._Leaving_military_service_after_having_been_released_from_captivity,_Clark_was_elected_Governor_of_Mississippi_in_1863,_and_was_reelected_in_1864._Like_most_other_Confederate_governors,_Clark_was_arrested_after_the_Civil_War_had_ended_and_was_briefly_held_prisoner_at_Fort_Pulaski._Following_his_release,_Clark_was_invited_to_address_the_state_legislature,_but_declined_since_he_was_still_a_prisoner_of_State_and_on_parole._Despite_his_injuries_Clark_served_as_a_circuit_judge_until_his_death,_and_he_was_able_to_ride_a_horse_so_long_as_he_was_assisted_in_mounting_and_dismounting._After_a_lingering_illness,_Clark_died_of_pneumonia_on_December_18,_1877_and_was_buried_in_the_Doro_Plantation_Cemetery._(Bio_by_Michael_Jennings)	_mex___pow_
99	Clark,_J.B.	Gen99.pcx	2	76	0	216	19	9	1	3	3	3	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._John_Bullock_Clark,_Jr._(b._1831,_d._1903)._Clark_was_born_in_Fayette,_Missouri._He_attended_the_University_of_Missouri_and_then_went_to_California_during_the_Gold_Rush._Failing_to_make_his_fortune,_Clark_headed_east_and_graduated_from_Harvard_Law_School_in_1854._He_then_practiced_law_in_Fayette_until_the_outbreak_of_the_Civil_War._Clark_was_commissioned_a_lieutenant_in_the_6th_Missouri_Infantry_Regiment,_and_rose_quickly_to_the_rank_of_major._He_saw_action_in_some_of_the_earliest_battles_of_the_war,_including_at_Carthage,_Springfield,_and_Wilsons_Creek,_where_he_was_wounded._Clark_subsequently_commanded_the_3rd_Division_of_the_Missouri_State_Guard_as_a_colonel_at_the_Battle_of_Pea_Ridge._He_received_a_promotion_to_brigadier_general_on_March_6,_1864_for_gallantry_at_Mansfield,_Louisiana_and_then_was_transferred_to_the_cavalry_and_spent_the_remainder_of_the_war_in_command_of_Gen._John_S._Marmaduke's_former_brigade._Following_the_Civil_War,_Clark_was_elected_five_times_to_the_U.S._House_of_Representatives_(1873-83)_and_afterward_served_for_six_years_as_Clerk_of_the_House_of_Representatives_(1883-89)._His_health_failed_in_his_final_years,_and_he_suffered_paralysis_for_a_full_year_prior_to_his_death_on_September_7,_1903._Clark_was_buried_in_Rock_Creek_Cemetery_in_Washington_D.C._(Bio_by_Michael_Jennings)	_____
100	Clayton,_H.D.	Gen100.pcx	2	48	0	216	1	9	1	4	5	3	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	0	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._Henry_DeLamar_Clayton_(b._1827,_d._1889)._Born_and_raised_in_Pulaski_County,_Georgia,_Clayton_attended_the_Emory_and_Henry_College_in_Virginia_before_studying_law._He_began_a_law_practice_in_Alabama_in_1849_and_was_elected_to_the_state_legislature_in_1857._He_also_commanded_a_volunteer_regiment_of_Alabaman_militiamen_as_a_colonel_during_this_time._At_the_outbreak_of_hostilities,_he_urged_Gov._Andrew_B._Moore_to_allow_him_to_command_his_volunteer_regiment,_but_instead_he_was_sent_to_Pensacola_to_command_a_brigade_instead._Clayton_remained_there_for_the_better_part_of_a_year,_before_returning_to_Alabama_in_January_1862_and_organizing_the_39th_Alabama_Infantry_regiment._Clayton_was_named_Colonel_of_this_new_regiment_and_they_served_in_the_Kentucky_campaign_under_Gen._Braxton_Bragg_and_also_at_the_Battle_of_Murfreesboro,_where_he_was_severely_wounded._Having_earned_distinction_at_Murfreesboro,_Clayton_was_promoted_to_Brigadier_General._His_new_brigade,_which_he_inherited_from_Gen._Alexander_P._Stewart,_served_conspicuously_well_in_Chickamauga,_Dalton,_and_the_battles_for_Atlanta._After_the_Atlanta_campaign,_Clayton_was_promoted_to_Major_General_on_July_7th,_1864,_replacing_Stewart_once_again._Claytons_division_fought_in_the_Tennessee_campaign_with_distinction_and_helped_cover_the_retreating_Confederate_army_after_their_defeat_at_Nashville._After_the_surrender_of_the_Confederacy,_Clayton_returned_to_a_life_of_planting._He_was_elected_circuit_court_judge_in_1866,_but_was_removed_because_of_the_Reconstruction_acts_passed_by_Congress._In_addition_to_serving_briefly_as_president_of_the_University_of_Alabama,_Clayton_continued_to_practice_law_and_farm_until_the_time_of_his_death,_in_Tuscaloosa,_Alabama,_at_the_age_of_62._(Bio_by_Tom_Dean)	_____
102	Clingman,_T.L.	Gen102.pcx	2	33	0	216	23	9	1	3	3	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	7	12	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Thomas_Lanier_Clingman_(b._1812,_d._1897)._Clingman_was_born_in_western_North_Carolina,_at_the_base_of_the_Brushy_Mountains._After_receiving_an_extensive_private_education,_Clingman_attended_the_University_of_North_Carolina_at_Chapel_Hill_and_then_began_studying_law._After_his_admission_to_the_bar_in_1834,_he_practiced_in_Hunstville,_N.C._He_served_in_the_North_Carolina_House_of_Commons_for_five_years_before_being_elected_a_state_senator._Clingman_ran_as_a_Whig_for_election_to_the_U.S._Congress_in_1843_and_was_elected,_only_to_be_defeated_as_an_incumbent_representative_in_1845._That_same_year,_he_fought_a_duel_with_fellow_Southern_representative_William_Lowndes_Yancey,_which_resulted_in_injury_to_neither._Clingman_was_reelected_in_1847_and_served_in_Congress_for_the_next_eleven_years_before_resigning_just_one_day_after_being_elected_as_a_Democratic_U.S._Senator__a_move_prompted_by_his_expulsion_from_the_Senate_after_North_Carolina's_secession_from_the_Union._Upon_returning_to_North_Carolina,_Clingman_was_commissioned_into_the_Confederate_Army_as_a_colonel_commanding_the_15th_North_Carolina_Infantry_regiment,_which_served_in_the_defense_of_coastal_regions_of_both_North_and_South_Carolina._Clingman_was_promoted_to_Brigadier_General_on_May_17th,_1862_and_given_command_of_what_would_be_known_as_Clingman's_Brigade._During_the_War,_Clingman_and_his_troops_served_throughout_the_regions_of_the_southern_Atlantic_coast._Among_their_most_famous_engagements_was_the_defense_of_Fort_Wagner,_during_which_they_repulsed_Col._Robert_Gould_Shaws_54th_Massachusetts_Volunteer_Infantry._Additionally,_they_served_at_Cold_Harbor_and_in_the_Richmond-Petersburg_Campaign._After_the_surrender_of_the_Confederacy,_Clingman_helped_survey_the_mountains_of_eastern_Tennessee_and_North_Carolina._The_highest_mountain_in_Tennessee,_which_also_straddles_the_border_between_Tennessee_and_North_Carolina,_is_named_Clingman's_Dome,_in_his_honor._(Bio_by_Tom_Dean)	_____
103	Cobb,_H.	Gen103.pcx	2	26	0	216	6	9	1	4	3	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	7	0	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._Howell_Cobb_(b._1815,_d._1868)._A_native_of_Georgia,_Cobb_and_his_brother_Thomas_both_served_as_general_officers_in_the_Confederate_Army._Cobb_was_active_in_politics_prior_to_the_war,_serving_in_the_U.S._House_of_Representatives_and_even_being_elected_Speaker_of_the_House_in_the_31st_Congress_(though_on_the_63rd_ballot);_in_1850,_he_was_second_in_line_for_the_presidency_following_the_death_of_Pres._Zachary_Taylor._In_1851,_Cobb_was_elected_Governor_of_Georgia_on_the_Union_Ticket_by_the_largest_margin_ever_recorded_to_that_point,_and_served_until_1853,_when_he_was_returned_to_Congress._Cobb_was_active_and_influential_in_Pres._James_Buchanans_election,_and_served_as_his_Secretary_of_the_Treasury_in_for_three_years._Failing_in_his_attempt_to_get_the_Democratic_nomination_to_run_for_President,_Cobb_ended_up_supporting_John_C._Breckinridge,_the_favorite_of_the_southern_Democrats_after_their_partys_breakup._During_the_campaign,_Cobb_urged_that_Georgia_secede_if_Abraham_Lincoln_was_elected,_and_following_Lincolns_victory_he_wrote_a_lengthy_pamphlet_calling_for_immediate_secession._Resigning_his_cabinet_post_on_December_8,_Cobb_returned_to_Georgia_and_worked_tirelessly_to_swing_the_states_convention_in_favor_of_secession,_subsequently_joining_his_brother_Thomas_and_eight_others_as_delegates_to_the_convention_in_Montgomery_that_would_establish_the_Confederate_States_of_America._Serving_as_president_of_the_Provisional_Congressional_Congress_that_began_meeting_on_February_4,_1861,_Cobb_became_known_as_the_father_of_the_Confederate_Constitution_that_was_approved_four_days_later,_but_lost_out_to_Jefferson_Davis_for_the_presidency_of_the_Confederacy._Having_decided_to_serve_in_combat_while_remaining_in_the_Provisional_Congress,_Cobb_was_authorized_to_raise_a_regiment,_the_16th_Georgia_Infantry,_and_was_appointed_its_colonel._That_fall_and_winter,_Cobb_divided_his_time_between_commanding_his_regiment_has_it_worked_to_fortify_the_York_Peninsula_and_serving_out_his_term_in_the_Provisional_Congress._When_the_Provisional_Congress_was_replaced_by_the_regular_Confederate_Congress_in_February_1862,_Cobb_left_politics_and,_having_been_promoted_to_brigade_general_on_February_13,_was_given_command_of_the_2nd_Brigade_in_Gen._John._B._Magruders_Army_of_the_Peninsula._Cobb's_brigade_saw_action_during_the_Peninsula_Campaign_and_the_Seven_Days_Battles._Cobb_soon_had_to_leave_his_brigade_for_health_reasons,_but_returned_that_August_in_time_for_the_Maryland_Campaign._The_brigade,_now_in_Gen._Lafayette_McLaws_division,_played_a_key_role_in_the_fighting_at_Cramptons_Gap_during_the_Battle_of_South_Mountain_but_was_overwhelmed_by_Union_forces,_earning_Cobb_McLaws_criticism._Despite_its_heavy_losses,_the_brigade_fought_at_Antietam_three_days_later_on_the_Confederate_left._Cobb_left_the_Army_of_Northern_Virginia_after_Antietam_because_of_poor_health,_seeking_and_receiving_assignments_closer_to_home__a_desire_that_meshed_with_Daviss_desire_to_have_Cobb_in_Georgia_as_a_counterweight_to_the_troublesome_Gov._Joseph_E._Brown._In_September_1863,_Davis_promoted_Cobb_to_major_general_and_put_him_in_command_of_the_military_District_of_Georgia_and_Florida._In_this_capacity,_Cobb_was_responsible_for_the_construction_of_the_infamous_Confederate_prison_at_Andersonville,_which_in_a_period_of_roughly_fifteen_months_held_more_than_45,000_men,_of_whom_nearly_13,000_died._During_Gen._William_T._Sherman's_Atlanta_Campaign_in_1864_and_subsequent_March_to_the_Sea,_Cobb_commanded_the_Georgia_Reserve_Force._He_eventually_surrendered_at_Macon_in_the_aftermath_of_the_Confederacys_collapse._After_the_war_he_practiced_law_in_Macon,_but_remained_active_in_public_affairs_as_an_uncompromising_opponent_of_Reconstruction._Cobb_died_suddenly_on_October_9,_1868,_while_on_a_visit_to_New_York,_and_is_buried_at_Oconee_Hill_Cemetery_in_Athens,_Georgia._(Bio_by_Michael_Jennings)	_____
104	Cobb,_T.R.	Gen104.pcx	2	44	46	216	6	9	1	4	3	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	16	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Thomas_Reade_Rootes_Cobb_(b._1823,_d._1862)._A_native_of_Georgia,_Thomas_Cobb_and_his_brother_Howell_both_served_as_general_officers_in_the_Confederate_Army._After_graduating_from_the_University_of_Georgia_in_1841,_Cobb_studied_law_and_was_admitted_to_the_bar._Through_political_connections_he_acquired_a_position_as_assistant_secretary_to_the_state_senate._From_1849-1857_he_worked_as_a_Supreme_Court_reporter_and_wrote_and_edited_over_twenty_law_books,_including_works_on_the_laws_and_history_of_slavery_in_the_United_States._As_a_writer_he_was_a_success:_his_Digest_of_the_Statute_Laws_of_Georgia,_published_in_1851,_was_well_received,_and_his_pieces_appeared_with_regularity_in_both_northern_and_southern_newspapers._Following_the_election_of_Abraham_Lincoln_in_1860,_Cobb_addressed_the_Georgia_General_Assembly_with_such_force_and_eloquence_in_favor_of_secession_that_he_was_afterwards_credited_with_taking_Georgia_out_of_the_Union._Cobb_left_a_position_on_the_constitutional_convention_to_accept_a_colonels_commission,_and_organized_Cobbs_Legion._Cobb_commanded_the_Legion_from_the_Peninsula_Campaign,_during_which_he_and_his_unit_fought_in_his_brothers_brigade,_through_the_Battle_of_Antietam,_where_it_suffered_heavy_casualties._He_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general_on_November_1,_1862,_but_was_killed_just_six_weeks_later_during_a_Union_assault_on_his_position_atop_Maryes_Heights_at_Fredericksburg._There_is_controversy_as_to_the_source_of_Cobbs_mortal_wound,_by_which_the_femoral_artery_of_his_left_thigh_was_severed,_leading_to_rapid_blood_loss,_shock,_and_death._Officially,_the_source_of_his_wound_was_enemy_fire,_probably_shell_fragments._The_alternate_version_comes_from_an_old_Confederate_of_Phillip's_Legion._In_this_version,_Cobb_accosted_some_soldiers_who_had_fallen_out_of_a_march_to_fill_their_canteens._General_Cobb_rode_up_and_commanded_them_to_pour_the_water_out_of_their_canteens_and_move_on._[Sam],_a_Confederate_soldier_noted_for_his_courage,_told_General_Cobb_he_wouldn't_do_it,_General_Cobb_drew_his_sword_and_told_him_he_would_use_it_on_him_if_he_didn't_obey._The_Confederate_soldier_replied_to_use_it._General_Cobb_put_up_his_sword,_drew_his_pistol_and_rode_up_to_the_defying_soldier_and_said,_If_you_don't_pour_that_water_out_of_that_canteen_at_once,_I_will_shoot_your_head_off._The_soldier_madly_replied,_Sir,_you_can_kill_me,_but_you_can't_scare_me._I_will_not_pour_out_the_water._Now_shoot_me._General_Cobb_put_up_his_pistol_and_rode_off._Sam_called_out_to_him,_I_will_kill_you_the_first_opportunity_I_get._In_an_interview_at_the_turn_of_the_century_the_old_soldier_claimed_he_saw_Cobb_shot_by_friendly_fire._He_also_claimed_that_Sam,_mortally_wounded_in_battle,_confirmed_on_his_deathbed_that_he_had_shot_General_Cobb,_saying,_Well,_I_got_him._I_always_do_what_I_say_I_will._Gen._Robert_E._Lee_always_spoke_well_of_Cobbs_abilities_as_an_officer._Cobb_is_buried_at_Oconee_Hill_Cemetery_in_Athens,_Georgia._(Bio_by_Michael_Jennings)	_____
105	Cocke,_P.S.	Gen105.pcx	2	0	0	78	31	18	1	1	1	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	24	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Phillip_St._George_Cocke_(b._1809,_d._1861)._A_native_Virginian,_Cocke_was_the_son_of_Maj._Gen._John_Cocke,_a_general_in_the_War_of_1812._The_younger_Cocke_graduated_from_West_Point_in_the_Class_of_1832,_and_spent_two_years_in_the_army_before_returning_to_the_plantation._After_leaving_the_army_Cocke_devoted_himself_to_agriculture_and_architecture._He_named_his_plantation_on_the_James_River_Belmead,_and_it_is_considered_one_of_the_finest_examples_of_Gothic-style_residential_architecture_in_the_United_States._Cocke_was_granted_a_brigadiers_commission_in_Virginia_state_forces_upon_the_outbreak_of_the_Civil_War,_but_was_reduced_to_Colonel_when_these_forces_were_absorbed_into_the_Confederate_national_army._Cocke_never_recovered_from_this_slight._He_saw_brief_service_at_First_Manassas_and_was_promoted_to_Brigadier_General_in_October,_but_despondent_and_believing_himself_to_be_useless_and_a_burden_to_country_and_family,_he_shot_himself_on_December_26,_1861_at_his_beloved_Belmead._Cocke_is_buried_at_Hollywood_Cemetery,_in_Richmond._(Bio_by_Michael_Jennings)	____wpresigned_
106	Cockrell,_F.M.	Gen106.pcx	2	61	0	216	19	9	1	3	3	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	13	20	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Francis_Marion_Cockrell_(b._1834,_d._1915)._Cockrell_was_born_in_Warrensburg,_Missouri_on_October_1,_1834._He_studied_law_and_in_1855_passed_the_bar_and_began_practicing_in_his_home_town._Cockrell_joined_the_3rd_Infantry,_8th_Division,_Missouri_State_Guard_as_a_private_during_the_beginning_of_the_Civil_War_and_quickly_rose_to_Captain_of_G_Company_by_June_1861._During_that_year,_he_fought_in_the_battles_of_Carthage,_Wilsons_Creek_and_Lexington._In_January_of_1862,_he_became_Captain_of_Company_H,_2nd_Regiment,_1st_Missouri_Brigade,_Army_of_the_West_commanded_by_Maj._Gen._Earl_Van_Dorn._The_next_major_engagement_he_fought_in_was_in_Arkansas,_when_his_unit_served_in_Maj._Gen._Sterling_Prices_Division_in_the_Battle_of_Pea_Ridge_on_March_7-8,_1862._After_being_defeated_at_Pea_Ridge,_the_Army_of_the_West,_now_commanded_by_Price,_headed_towards_the_Mississippi_River._Cockrell_was_promoted_to_Colonel_of_his_regiment_during_the_Iuka-Corinth_Campaign_of_September-October_of_1862,_in_which_Prices_army_fought_against_Maj._Gen._William_Rosecrans_and_his_Army_of_the_Mississippi._During_the_beginning_of_the_Vicksburg_Campaign,_Cockrell_led_the_1st_Missouri_Brigade_on_a_gallant_charge_that_repelled_the_Union_at_the_Battle_of_Champion_Hill;_however,_lacking_any_support,_the_brigade_was_unable_to_hold_the_ground_it_had_taken,_and_was_forced_to_withdraw._Having_next_fought_at_Big_Black_River_Bridge,_Cockrell_proceeded_to_Vicksburg_to_prepare_for_the_siege._In_defending_Vicksburg_Cockrell_and_his_men_were_in_the_thick_of_the_fighting,_twice_repelling_major_Union_assaults_on_the_Stockade_Redan,_a_fort_guarding_one_approach_to_the_city_that_Gen._Ulysses_S._Grant_ordered_to_be_taken_so_that_the_city_could_be_overrun,_on_May_19_and_22._When_Lt._Gen._John_C._Pemberton_surrendered_Vicksburg_on_July_4,_1863,_Cockrell_was_among_the_prisoners_taken_by_Gen._Ulysses_S._Grant,_but_he_was_later_paroled_along_with_the_rest_of_the_Confederates._After_the_death_of_Gen._John_S._Bowen_on_July_13_from_dysentery_contracted_during_the_siege,_Cockrell_became_the_commander_of_the_1st_Missouri_Brigade,_gaining_promotion_to_brigadier_general._He_went_on_to_fight_in_the_Atlanta_Campaign_of_1864_under_the_commands_of_Gen._Joseph_E._Johnston_and_then_Gen._John_B._Hood._On_November_30,_1864,_Cockrell_fought_in_the_Battle_of_Franklin,_where_he_was_wounded_and_had_two_horses_shot_out_from_under_him,_but_survived_Hoods_futile_attacks._The_war_came_to_an_end_for_Cockrell_and_his_brigade_on_April_9,_1865_at_Fort_Blakely,_Alabama._He_was_paroled_that_May_and_returned_to_Missouri_to_practice_law._In_1874,_he_was_elected_U.S._Senator,_and_ended_up_serving_for_five_terms._After_he_had_left_the_Senate,_Pres._Theodore_Roosevelt_appointed_Cockrell_as_a_member_to_the_Interstate_Commerce_Committee_in_1905,_and_he_served_in_this_capacity_until_1910._Cockrell_then_became_a_member_of_the_civilian_board_of_ordnance_at_the_War_Department,_serving_until_his_death_on_December_13,_1915._He_is_buried_in_the_Warrensburg_Cemetery,_in_his_home_town._(Bio_by_Andrew_Thayer)	____pow_
107	Colquitt,_A.H.	Gen107.pcx	2	40	0	216	6	9	1	4	4	2	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Alfred_Holt_Colquitt_(b._1824,_d._1894)._Colquitt,_whose_father_was_a_U.S._Representative_and_Senator,_was_born_in_Monroe,_Georgia_on_April_20,_1824._Graduating_from_Princeton_College_in_1844,_he_passed_his_bar_examination_two_years_later_and_began_practicing_law_in_Monroe._When_the_Mexican_War_began,_Colquitt_served_as_major_and_staff_officer._Having_return_from_the_war,_he_began_a_career_in_politics,_being_elected_to_Congress_for_a_single_term_in_1853_and_to_the_Georgia_State_Legislature_in_1859,_and_later_serving_as_a_delegate_to_the_Georgia_Secession_Convention_of_1861._At_the_start_of_the_Civil_War,_Colquitt_became_a_Captain_in_the_6th_Georgia_Infantry,_and_became_the_regiments_Colonel_in_May_1861._In_1862,_he_and_the_6th_Georgia_saw_action_in_the_Peninsula_Campaign_and_the_Seven_Days_Campaign._On_September_1,_1862,_he_was_promoted_to_Brigadier_General_and_put_in_command_of_a_brigade._Colquitts_Brigade_fought_at_the_Battle_of_South_Mountain_on_September_14,_1862,_earning_him__the_name_of_The_Rock_of_South_Mountain._During_the_Battle_of_Antietam_three_days_later,_Colquitt_was_attached_to_Maj._Gen._D.H._Hills_Division_and_took_part_in_the_fighting_in_the_East_Woods,_Cornfield_and_Bloody_Lane._That_December,_Colquitts_Brigade_was_at_the_Battle_of_Fredericksburg._Its_next_battle_was_Chancellorsville,_where_the_brigade_was_part_of_Brig._Gen._Robert_E._Rodes_division,_which_led_Gen._Stonewall_Jackson's_flanking_attack._After_an_initial_success,_Colquitt_halted_his_brigade_to_prepare_for_a_Federal_cavalry_attack_that_never_came._This_decision_slowed_the_Confederate_attack_and_soon_the_battle_line_and_momentum_began_to_fall_apart._Colquitts_performance_on_this_occasion_was_later_criticized._He_and_his_brigade_were_transferred_to_North_Carolina_and_eventually_to_Charleston,_where_he_helped_in_the_defense_of_the_city._In_February,_Colquitt_went_to_Florida,_where_he_helped_to_defeat_Union_forces_under_Brig._Gen._Truman_Seymour_at_the_Battle_of_Olustee_(and_gained_another_nickname,_as_the_Hero_of_Olustee)._During_the_summer_of_1864,_Colquitt_was_recalled_to_Virginia,_where_his_brigade_fought_in_the_Battle_of_Drewrys_Bluff_and_at_Petersburg._At_the_end_of_the_war,_he_led_his_brigade_to_North_Carolina,_where_he_surrendered_in_May,_1865._After_the_war,_Colquitt_became_a_certified_Methodist_preacher,_but_eventually_went_into_politics_once_again._He_was_governor_of_Georgia_from_1877-82_and_then_was_elected_to_the_U.S._Senate,_where_he_served_from_1883_to_1894,_until_dying_in_Washington,_D.C._during_his_second_term._Colquitt_was_laid_to_rest_at_Rose_Hill_Cemetery_in_Macon,_Georgia._(Bio_by_Andrew_Thayer)	_mex____
108	Colston,_R.E.	Gen108.pcx	2	23	0	216	31	9	1	3	5	3	4	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Raleigh_Edward_Colston_(b._1825,_d._1896)._Colston_was_born_in_Paris,_France_on_October_31,_1825_and_was_adopted_by_wealthy_Virginians_Dr._and_Mrs._Raleigh_Colston_while_they_were_living_in_Europe._In_1842,_at_the_age_of_seventeen,_he_arrived_in_America_to_further_his_education,_and_a_year_later_enrolled_in_the_Virginia_Military_Institute_in_Lexington,_Virginia._Upon_graduating_from_V.M.I._on_July_4,_1846,_he_became_a_professor_at_the_Institute_and_taught_French,_history_and_military_strategy._In_1851,_Maj._Thomas_J._Jackson__later_known_to_the_world_as_Stonewall_Jackson__arrived_at_V.M.I._as_a_new_professor._The_two_colleagues_later_became_friends_during_their_years_at_V.M.I._They_also_began_their_service_together_then:_Colston_and_Jackson_were_part_of_the_command_of_the_V.M.I._cadet_detachment_sent_to_Harpers_Ferry_to_help_with_security_during_the_trial_and_execution_of_John_Brown_in_1859._On_April_21,_1861,_as_the_Civil_War_was_breaking_out,_Colston,_serving_as_a_major_under_the_command_of_Jackson,_departed_from_Lexington_with_the_Corps_of_Cadets_from_V.M.I._and_went_to_Richmond_where_they_would_be_assigned_to_duty._The_next_month,_Colston_was_commissioned_as_Colonel_of_the_16th_Virginia_Infantry_Regiment._Later_that_year,_he_would_be_given_command_of_a_brigade_and_on_December_24,_1861_was_promoted_to_Brigadier_General._Colston_served_in_Yorktown_during_the_siege_and_under_Gen._James_Longstreet_fought_at_the_battles_of_Williamsburg_and_Seven_Pines._Upon_becoming_ill,_he_remained_out_of_active_duty_until_December_1862._Petersburg_became_his_command_for_the_next_few_months_until,_at_the_request_of_Jackson,_he_joined_the_Stonewall_Division_to_command_Gen._William_B._Taliaferros_brigade_and_also_became_the_second-in-command_of_the_division_behind_Gen._Isaac_R._Trimble._On_April_29,_1863,_the_Chancellorsville_campaign_began_with_Trimble_absent_from_duty,_so_Colston_became_the_commander_of_the_Stonewall_Division._He_marched_his_division_on_Jacksons_flanking_maneuver,_and_on_May_2_he_led_the_division_on_the_attack,_second-in-line_behind_Gen._Robert_E._Rodes_division._It_was_at_Chancellorsville_that_Jackson,_his_friend_and_commander,_died,_and_Colston_bore_witness_to_the_reaction_in_the_camp,_recalling_that_the_sounds_of_merriment_died_away_as_if_the_Angel_of_Death_himself_had_flapped_his_muffled_wings_over_the_troops._After_the_Chancellorsville_campaign,_Colston_was_transferred_to_Richmond_and_then_later_on_to_Georgia._In_the_Spring_of_1864,_he_returned_to_Virginia_and_served_under_Gen._P.G.T._Beauregard_in_the_defense_of_Petersburg._His_final_assignment_was_to_command_the_forces_at_Lynchburg,_Virginia,_where_he_remained_until_his_surrender_at_the_end_of_the_war._After_the_war,_he_went_on_to_North_Carolina,_where_he_established_a_military_academy._In_1873,_Colston_joined_the_Egyptian_Army_as_a_Colonel_and_led_exploring_expeditions_into_the_Sudan_region,_until_an_injury_during_one_expedition_in_1879_prompted_him_to_return_to_Virginia._From_1882_until_1894,_Colston_worked_in_the_War_Department._During_the_last_couple_years_of_his_life,_he_lived_in_a_Confederate_Soldiers_Home_in_Richmond,_Virginia._On_July_29,_1896,_Colston_died_and_was_buried_there_in_the_Hollywood_Cemetery._(Bio_by_Andrew_Thayer)	____vmi_
109	Conner,_J.	Gen109.pcx	2	82	0	216	27	9	1	4	4	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._James_Conner_(b._1829,_d._1883)._On_September_1,_1829,_Conner_was_born_in_Charleston,_South_Carolina._Graduating_from_South_Carolina_College_in_1849,_he_passed_the_bar_examine_and_began_to_practice_law_in_1852._Conner_became_a_U.S._District_Attorney_in_1856,_an_office_he_held_until_resigning_in_1860_just_before_South_Carolinas_secession._He_was_appointed_Confederate_States_Attorney,_but_chose_the_military_instead._Beginning_his_military_career_as_Captain_of_the_Montgomery_Guards,_Conner_was_present_in_Charleston_during_the_bombardment_of_Fort_Sumter._In_May_1861,_he_became_Captain_of_Company_A,_Washington_Light_Infantry,_Hamptons_Legion._On_the_day_of_the_Battle_of_First_Manassas,_this_famous_regiment_arrived_by_train_and_fought_to_delay_the_Union_advance_after_the_Souths_withdrawal_from_Matthews_Hill,_and_later_in_the_day_charged_Capt._James_B._Ricketts_Battery_on_Henry_Hill._For_his_performance_in_the_battle,_Conner_was_promoted_to_major._In_1862,_he_participated_in_the_battles_of_Yorktown,_New_Stones_Point,_West_Point,_Seven_Pines,_and_was_injured_in_the_leg_during_the_early_fighting_of_the_Seven_Days_Battles._In_June,_Conner_became_Colonel_of_the_22nd_North_Carolina_Infantry_Regiment._During_his_recovery,_he_was_appointed_as_one_of_the_military_court_judges_in_the_II_Corps._Having_regained_his_health,_Conner_fought_at_Chancellorsville_in_May_1863._At_the_Battle_of_Gettysburg,_his_regiment_served_in_Brig._Gen._Alfred_M._Scales_brigade_in_Maj._Gen._William_D._Penders_Division_of_III_Corps,_taking_part_in_the_fighting_on_Seminary_Ridge_and_in_Picketts_Charge._Before_the_Battle_of_Petersburg,_Conner_was_appointed_a_brigadier_general_on_June_1,_1864_and_then_later_given_command_of_Maj._Gen._Joseph_B._Kershaws_brigade,_which_was_mainly_comprised_of_fellow_South_Carolinians._He_commanded_this_brigade_in_the_battles_of_Petersburg,_Jerusalem_Plank_Road_and_Reams_Station._In_August_1864,_Conner_went_to_the_Shenandoah_Valley_when_Kershaws_Division_was_sent_to_support_Maj._Gen._Jubal_A._Earlys_Shenandoah_Valley_Campaign._During_the_Battle_of_Cedar_Creek_on_October_19,_1864,_Conner_was_wounded_in_the_same_leg_that_he_had_injured_during_the_Seven_Days_Battles_of_1862,_resulting_in_its_amputation._As_the_war_was_coming_to_a_close,_Conner_was_promoted_to_major_general,_but_the_paperwork_was_never_completed._After_the_war,_Conner_began_practicing_law_again_in_South_Carolina._In_1876,_he_was_elected_attorney_general_for_South_Carolina_on_a_ticket_with_Confederate_Gen._Wade_Hampton,_who_became_governor._On_June_26,_1883,_Conner_died_in_Richmond,_and_was_buried_in_the_Magnolia_Cemetery_in_Charleston._(Bio_by_Andrew_Thayer)	_____
110	Cook,_P.	Gen110.pcx	2	82	0	216	6	9	1	5	6	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
111	Cooke,_J.R.	Gen111.pcx	2	44	0	216	31	9	1	5	5	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	-1	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._John_Rogers_Cooke_(b._1833,_d._1891)._Cooke_was_from_a_family_divided_by_the_war:_his_father_was_a_Union_cavalry_commander_Maj._Gen._Philip_St._George_Cooke_and_his_brother-in-law_was_Confederate_Maj._Gen._J.E.B._Stuart._He_was_born_on_June_10,_1833_at_Jefferson_Barracks,_Missouri._In_1854,_Cooke_graduated_from_Harvard_University,_where_he_studied_civil_engineering._After_college,_he_served_as_an_engineer_for_the_Iron_Mountain_Railroad_in_Missouri,_but_later_that_year_joined_the_army_and_was_appointed_to_lieutenant._Cooke_served_in_the_Southwest_until_Virginia_seceded_from_the_Union_in_April_1861,_whereupon_he_resigned_his_commission_and_then_traveled_to_Virginia_to_report_for_duty._Cooke_was_made_a_1st_lieutenant_and_headed_to_Fredericksburg,_soon_serving_with_the_troops_from_Aquia_Creek,_Virginia_at_the_Battle_of_First_Bull_Run_on_July_21._Following_the_battle,_Cooke_formed_a_company_of_light_artillery_and_served_along_the_Potomac_River._In_February_1862,_he_was_promoted_to_major_and_sent_to_serve_in_the_Department_of_North_Carolina_as_chief_of_artillery._Cooke_was_elected_colonel_of_the_27th_North_Carolina_Infantry_in_April,_and_the_regiment_was_sent_to_Virginia_and_attached_to_Gen._A.P._Hills_Division,_in_which_it_saw_action_during_the_Peninsula_Campaign_and_the_Seven_Days_Campaign._During_the_Battle_of_Antietam,_Cooke_led_his_men_(along_with_the_3rd_Arkansas_Regiment)_on_an_attack_between_the_Dunkard_Church_and_Sunken_Road._The_attack_was_eventually_repelled_by_Union_reserves_entering_the_fight._Cooke_fell_back_and_was_ordered_to_form_a_defensive_line_to_hold_off_any_Union_advance,_to_which_he_replied_that_though_they_had_no_ammunition,_he_would_stay_where_he_was_as_long_as_he_had_a_man_or_a_bayonet_left._Cooke_was_wounded_during_the_battle_but_stayed_on_the_field_and_earned_praise_for_his_command._Six_weeks_later,_on_November_1,_he_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general_and_given_command_of_a_brigade_of_North_Carolina_regiments._During_the_Battle_of_Fredericksburg_on_December_13,_1862,_Cooke_was_wounded_by_a_bullet_to_the_forehead_while_his_brigade_supported_Brig._Gen._Thomas_R.R._Cobbs_brigade_in_the_defense_of_the_stone_wall_at_Maryes_Heights._Cooke_recovered_and_returned_for_duty_the_following_April._Later_that_year,_on_October_14,_he_received_another_serious_wound_at_the_Battle_of_Bristoe_Station._This_time_it_was_his_leg_that_was_hit,_taking_him_out_of_action_until_he_returned_in_time_for_the_beginning_of_the_Overland_Campaign_in_May_1864._During_this_campaign,_Cooke_and_his_brigade_fought_with_the_III_Corps_in_Maj._Gen._Henry_Heths_Division_at_the_Wilderness_and_Spotsylvania_Courthouse,_where_he_was_wounded_once_again._In_all,_Cooke_was_wounded_seven_times_during_the_Civil_War._On_August_25,_1864,_he_led_his_brigade_during_the_Second_Battle_of_Reamss_Station,_one_of_the_engagements_in_the_Siege_of_Petersburg,_and_thus_helped_to_rout_the_Unions_II_Corps._Cookes_last_battles_where_at_Sutherland_Station,_where_he_temporarily_stopped_the_Union_breakthrough_on_April_2,_1865,_and_then_at_finally_at_Appomattox._After_the_war,_Cooke_lived_in_Richmond,_where_he_was_a_merchant_and_was_involved_in_the_chamber_of_commerce,_Democratic_Party,_and_board_of_directors_of_the_state_penitentiary,_and_co-founded_the_Confederates_Soldiers_Home_in_Richmond._On_April_10,_1891,_Cooke_passed_away_and_was_buried_in_Richmonds_Hollywood_Cemetery._(Bio_by_Andrew_Thayer)	_____
112	Cooper,_S.	Gen112.pcx	2	0	0	216	31	1	1	4	8	5	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	16	0	0	0	nobio	____WP_
113	Cooper,_D.H.	Gen113.pcx	2	56	0	216	0	9	1	3	1	1	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	9	4	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Douglas_Hancock_Cooper_(b._1815,_d._1879)._Cooper_was_born_November_1,_1815_in_southern_Mississippi,_receiving_his_education_at_the_University_of_Virginia._In_1834_he_returned_to_Mississippi,_and_ten_years_later_was_elected_as_State_Representative_to_the_Mississippi_State_Legislature._Two_years_later,_war_with_Mexico_began,_and_Cooper_saw_service_as_a_captain_in_the_Mississippi_Rifle_Regiment_that_was_commanded_by_Col._Jefferson_Davis,_future_President_of_the_Confederate_State_of_America._At_the_Battle_of_Monterrey,_Cooper_was_cited_for_bravery_and_gallantry._After_returning_to_the_United_States,_he_was_appointed_as_the_federal_governments_agent_to_the_Choctaw_Nation_of_the_Indian_Territory_in_1853._During_the_next_few_years,_he_would_be_stationed_at_Fort_Washita_and_negotiate_the_boundary_between_the_Choctaw_and_Chickasaw_Nations._In_1861,_Cooper_joined_the_Confederacy_and_was_sent_to_secure_an_allegiance_with_the_Choctaw,_Chickasaw_and_Cherokee_Nations._Cooper_raised_the_1st_Choctaw_and_Chickasaw_Mounted_Rifles_and_was_commissioned_colonel._On_November_19,_1861,_he_led_his_force_at_the_Battle_of_Round_Mountain_against_the_Union_force_made_up_of_Creeks_and_Seminoles_led_by_Muscogee_Creek_Chief_Opothleyahola._The_next_month,_Cooper_defeated_them_at_Chusto-Talasah_and_Chustenahlah._Cooper_was_present_at_the_Battle_of_Pea_Ridge_in_March_1862,_but_his_troops_were_not_engaged._When_Brig._Gen._Albert_Pike_resigned_from_the_army_in_the_aftermath_of_this_battle,_facing_charges_both_of_mismanagement_of_army_resources_and_that_the_Indians_under_him_had_scalped_the_fallen_enemy,_Cooper_was_given_command_of_Pikes_Indian_Brigade._Cooper_then_led_his_force_into_Missouri_and_fought_the_Union_at_Newtonia_in_September_and_October_of_1862,_subsequently_withdrawing_back_to_Arkansas._Promotion_to_brigadier_general_came_on_May_2,_1863._The_Battle_of_Honey_Springs,_a_decisive_victory_for_the_Union_that_gave_it_lasting_control_of_Indian_Territory,_occurred_on_July_17,_1863._Bad_weather,_few_supplies_and_gunpowder_made_wet_by_the_rain_proved_too_much_to_overcome,_though_Coopers_generalship_also_received_much_criticism._Cooper_retreated_and_again_was_defeated_a_few_days_later_at_Prairie_Springs_and_then_in_August_at_Perryville_in_Indian_Territory._After_this,_the_Southern_forces_in_the_West_were_never_again_able_to_threaten_the_Union_with_any_serious_campaigns_in_or_from_Indian_Territory,_though_Cooper,_who_was_commander_of_Confederate_forces_in_Indian_Territory,_did_accompany_Gen._Sterling_Price_in_his_second_Missouri_raid_in_1864._Cooper_surrendered_his_remaining_forces_in_April_1865._After_the_war,_he_returned_to_Fort_Washita,_where_he_represented_the_Choctaw_and_Chickasaw_Nations_in_suing_the_U.S._government_for_failed_promises_and_treaties._Cooper_died_on_April_29,_1879_and_was_buried_in_an_unmarked_grave_at_the_forts_cemetery._(Bio_by_Andrew_Thayer)	_mex____
114	Corse,_M.D.	Gen114.pcx	2	56	0	216	31	9	1	4	5	3	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
115	Cosby,_G.B.	Gen115.pcx	2	49	0	216	11	9	1	3	4	3	4	5	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	9	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._George_Blake_Cosby_(b._1830,_d._1909)._Cosby_was_born_in_Louisville,_Kentucky_on_January_19,_1830._In_1852,_he_graduated_from_West_Point._Cosby_was_commissioned_2nd_Lieutenant_in_a_Mounted_Rifle_Regiment._For_the_next_several_years,_he_fought_against_Comanches_on_the_Texas_frontier,_and_by_1861_had_risen_to_captain_in_the_2nd_Cavalry._At_the_outbreak_of_the_war,_Cosby_resigned_from_the_U.S._Army_to_join_the_Confederacy._Commissioned_as_a_major,_he_initially_served_on_Brig._Gen._Simon_B._Buckners_staff_in_the_Army_of_Central_Kentucky._On_February_15,_1862,_as_the_garrison_in_Fort_Donelson_realized_the_hopelessness_of_their_situation,_Cosby_carried_the_message_of_surrender_from_Buckner_to_Union_Gen._Ulysses_S._Grant._Grant_sent_him_back_to_his_old_friend_Buckner_with_the_famous_message_demanding_unconditional_surrender__earning_himself_the_nickname_Unconditional_Surrender_Grant_on_this_occasion._Like_the_rest_of_the_more_than_12,000_men_who_surrendered,_Cosby_became_a_prisoner_of_war_but_was_later_part_of_a_prisoner_exchange._On_January_20,_1863,_he_was_made_a_brigadier_general_and_given_command_of_cavalry_in_Gen._Earl_Van_Dorns_corps_in_the_Army_of_the_Mississippi._At_the_Battle_of_Thompsons_Station_on_March_5,_Van_Dorn,_Cosby_and_Gen._Nathan_B._Forrest_defeated_and_captured_a_Union_Brigade_under_the_command_of_Col._John_Coburn._Cosby_was_then_transferred_to_Department_of_the_West_under_Gen._Joseph_E._Johnston._He_saw_little_action_during_the_Vicksburg_Campaign_due_to_Johnstons_slow_response_and_failed_attempt_in_saving_Vicksburg,_the_Confederacys_vital_stronghold_on_the_Mississippi_River._After_the_Vicksburg_garrisons_surrender,_Cosby_was_transferred_to_eastern_Tennessee_and_western_Virginia,_where_he_would_command_cavalry_under_Gen._John_H._Morgan,_who_had_just_gained_great_fame_with_a_long_raid_into_Ohio_and_Indiana_that_was_intended_to_draw_forces_away_from_Vicksburg_and_the_Gettysburg_Campaign_in_the_eastern_theater._A_year_later,_when_Gen._John_C._Breckinridge_was_given_command_of_the_Department_of_Southwest_Virginia,_Cosby_served_under_him,_fighting_at_the_Battle_of_Marion_in_December_1864_during_the_Union_campaign_to_destroy_the_vital_Confederate_salt_works_at_Saltville,_Virginia._Cosby_would_next_be_under_the_command_of_Gen._John_Echols_until_the_end_of_the_war._Cosby_later_moved_to_California_and_became_a_farmer,_also_serving_as_a_public_servant_in_the_state,_as_both_adjutant_general_and_state_secretary_of_the_board_of_engineers._Cosby_died_in_Oakland,_California_on_June_29,_1909,_taking_his_life_because_of_poor_health_linked_to_his_long_suffering_from_war_injuries._He_is_buried_in_Sacramento_City_Cemetery_in_California._(Bio_by_Andrew_Thayer)	cavalry____wp_
116	Cox,_W.R.	Gen116.pcx	2	48	0	216	23	9	1	3	4	4	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
117	Crittenden,_G.B.	Gen117.pcx	2	82	0	216	11	9	1	4	3	2	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	nobio	____cmdrunkwp_
118	Cumming,_A.	Gen118.pcx	2	14	0	216	6	9	1	5	4	2	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
119	Daniel,_J.	Gen119.pcx	2	42	0	216	23	9	1	4	5	3	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	19	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
120	Davidson,_H.B.	Gen120.pcx	2	40	0	216	28	9	1	5	7	4	4	4	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cavalry_mex___wp_
121	Davis,_J.R.	Gen121.pcx	2	62	0	216	31	9	1	5	8	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	0	0	0	nobio	__nephew_J.davis___
122	Davis,_W.G.	Gen122.pcx	2	40	0	216	5	9	1	5	5	3	3	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	12	0	0	0	0	nobio	blocaderunner_____
123	Dearing,_J.	Gen123.pcx	2	44	0	216	31	9	1	5	4	3	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cavalry,art____wp_
124	Deas,_Z.C.	Gen124.pcx	2	78	0	216	1	9	1	5	7	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
125	de_Lagnel,_J.A.	Gen125.pcx	2	46	0	216	31	9	1	4	7	3	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	art_____
126	Deshler,_J.	Gen126.pcx	2	36	0	216	1	9	1	6	8	3	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav____wp_
127	Dibrell,_G.G.	Gen127.pcx	2	60	0	216	28	9	1	6	7	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav_____
128	Dockery,_T.P.	Gen128.pcx	2	96	0	216	2	9	1	5	8	3	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	23	0	0	0	nobio	engineer_____
129	Doles,_G.P.	Gen129.pcx	2	62	0	216	6	9	1	4	6	5	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
130	Donelson,_D.S.	Gen130.pcx	2	44	0	216	28	9	1	5	6	5	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	__dead_when_promoted__wp_
131	Drayton,_T.F.	Gen131.pcx	2	17	0	216	27	9	1	2	1	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Thomas_Fenwick_Drayton_(b._1808,_d._1891)._In_the_Civil_War,_brothers_fought_against_brothers__sometimes_even_literally,_as_Drayton_had_to_experience._A_native_of_South_Carolina,_he_had_graduated_from_West_Point_in_1828_together_with_his_friend_Jefferson_Davis,_the_future_President_of_the_Confederate_States_of_America._After_serving_four_years_in_the_infantry,_Drayton_resigned_and_became_a_railroad_constructor_and_planter,_eventually_becoming_president_of_the_Charleston_and_Savannah_Railroad_for_a_few_years._During_the_turbulent_decade_of_the_1850s,_Drayton_also_served_as_a_South_Carolina_state_senator._He_was_a_strong_advocate_of_states_rights_and_slavery,_and_thus_supported_secession_and_the_Civil_War._Having_been_a_captain_in_the_state_militia_in_addition_to_having_his_previous_experience_in_the_U.S._Army,_Drayton_enlisted_in_the_Confederate_army._He_was_commissioned_a_brigadier_general_in_September_1861,_and_his_first_task_was_to_defend_the_district_of_Port_Royal,_South_Carolina._When_the_Union_navy_successfully_attacked_the_forts_that_defended_the_citys_port_that_November_8,_Drayton_faced_his_own_brother,_Capt._Percival_Drayton,_who_commanded_the_gunboat_Pocahontas._(Their_father_had_moved_to_Pennsylvania_in_the_1830s.)_The_following_year,_Drayton_and_his_brigade_were_assigned_to_the_Gen._James_Longstreets_I_Corps_in_the_Army_of_Northern_Virginia,_seeing_action_in_the_Second_Battle_of_Bull_Run_on_August_29-30_and_then_at_the_Battle_of_South_Mountain_on_September_14._Having_already_suffered_high_casualties_there,_his_depleted_brigade_suffered_further_at_Antietam_three_days_later,_partly_due_to_bad_leadership_by_its_commander._Army_commander_Gen._Robert_E._Lee_finally_got_rid_of_Daviss_friend_by_writing_the_president_a_letter,_in_which_he_stated:_He_(Drayton)_is_a_gentleman_and_a_soldier_in_his_own_person,_but_seems_to_lack_the_capacity_to_command._Drayton_served_briefly_as_a_brigade_commander_in_Gen._Sterling_Prices_Army_of_the_West_in_August_1863,_before_being_assigned_to_non-combat_duties_in_the_Trans-Mississippi_Department_for_the_rest_of_the_war._After_the_surrender_of_the_Confederacy,_Drayton_returned_to_farming,_and_entered_the_insurance_business_as_well._He_died_at_the_age_of_81_and_was_buried_in_Charlotte,_South_Carolina._The_Magnolia_Plantation,_the_family_estate_in_Charleston,_is_still_in_family_hands_after_fifteen_generations_and,_as_one_of_the_oldest_plantations_to_survive,_has_become_a_tourist_attraction._(Bio_by_Joern_Kaesebier)	____badwp_
132	Dubose,_D.M.	Gen132.pcx	2	16	0	216	6	9	1	7	5	4	7	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
133	Duke,_B.W.	Gen133.pcx	2	92	0	216	11	9	1	4	7	3	5	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav____pow_
134	Duncan,_J.K.	Gen134.pcx	2	88	0	216	12	9	1	5	7	4	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	9	14	0	0	0	nobio	art____pow_
135	Dunovant,_J.	Gen135.pcx	2	24	0	216	27	9	1	7	5	2	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
137	Echols,_J.	Gen137.pcx	2	86	0	216	31	9	1	5	5	2	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	23	16	0	0	0	nobio	_____
138	Ector,_M.D.	Gen138.pcx	2	30	0	216	29	9	1	4	7	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	7	0	0	0	nobio	_____
139	Elliot,_S.J.	Gen139.pcx	2	38	0	216	27	9	1	5	7	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	11	17	0	0	0	nobio	_____
140	Elzey,_A.	Gen140.pcx	2	80	0	216	14	9	1	5	8	2	5	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	art_mex___wp_
141	Evans,_C.A.	Gen141.pcx	2	11	0	216	6	9	1	7	7	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
142	Evans,_N.G.	Gen142.pcx	2	0	80	78	27	18	1	5	6	4	4	4	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	25	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Nathan_George_Evans_(b._1824,_d._1868)._Long-legged_Shanks_Evans_played_a_conspicuous_role_in_the_first_two_years_of_the_war_in_the_East._However,_he_was_difficult_to_manage_and_we_found_him_so,_wrote_Gen._Gilbert_Moxley_Sorrel_after_the_war._This_was_mainly_due_to_Evans_hard_drinking,_which_intensified_his_aggressiveness._(According_to_Sorrel,_he_was_always_followed_by_an_orderly_who_had_a_wooden_vessel_with_whiskey_strapped_to_his_back.)_Born_in_Marion,_South_Carolina,_Evans_attended_Randolph-Macon_College_but_left_it_without_a_degree_when_he_received_the_appointment_to_West_Point._Graduating_in_1848,_he_served_in_the_cavalry_on_the_western_frontier_until_he_resigned_from_the_U.S._Army_in_1861_to_fight_for_his_native_state._Commissioned_colonel_of_the_Confederate_army,_he_led_a_small_brigade_in_Gen._P.G.T._Beauregards_Army_of_the_Potomac._At_First_Manassas_Evans_was_positioned_on_the_left__the_main_point_of_the_Union_attack._Evans_managed_to_defend_his_position_long_enough_before_falling_back_towards_Henry_House_Hill,_where_he_was_reinforced._After_the_battle,_his_command__now_consisting_of_a_full_brigade__was_sent_north_to_guard_the_upper_fords_of_the_Potomac_River._During_the_night_of_October_20,_a_Union_force_crossed_the_river_near_Leesburg,_Virginia._In_the_Battle_of_Balls_Bluff_the_next_day,_the_Confederates_drove_the_Union_force_back_into_the_river,_where_many_Union_soldiers_drowned._Evans_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general_dating_to_that_battle,_though_at_least_one_source_says_that_the_commander_left_the_fighting_to_his_subordinates_as_he_was_himself_drunk._His_next_assignment_was_the_defense_of_Charleston,_where_he_took_part_in_the_victorious_Battle_of_Secessionville_(or_James_Island)_on_June_16,_1862._The_following_month_he_was_sent_to_the_Army_of_Northern_Virginia_with_recruits_from_South_Carolina_who_would_form_the_Tramp_Brigade._Not_attached_to_a_division,_the_brigade_was_part_of_Gen._James_Longstreets_wing._At_Second_Manassas,_Evans_was_positioned_behind_Gen._John_B._Hood_for_the_successful_attack_on_August_30,_which_pushed_the_Union_back_behind_the_familiar_ground_of_Henry_House_Hill._Evans_and_Hood_did_not_share_the_fruits_of_victory,_but_disputed_over_captured_ambulances,_leading_Longstreet_to_arrest_the_latter._Evans_got_temporary_command_of_Hoods_division_but_was_reverted_to_command_of_the_Tramp_Brigade_just_before_the_Battle_of_South_Mountain_on_September_14,_when_the_Texan_soldiers_called_out_to_Gen._Robert_E._Lee_Give_us_Hood!_and_he_obliged._Evans_saw_no_action_in_that_battle,_and_at_Antietam_three_days_later_his_depleted_force_could_not_do_much_more_than_use_and_protect_its_attached_artillery,_though_Evans_himself_and_his_staff_rallied_retreating_troops_on_the_Confederate_left._This_was_to_be_Evans_last_fight_in_Lees_army._Sent_to_eastern_North_Carolina,_he_fought_the_Battle_of_Kinston_on_December_14,_but_was_forced_to_withdraw_his_outnumbered_force._Subsequently_tried_for_drunkenness_during_the_battle,_Evans_was_acquitted_and_sent_to_South_Carolina_to_get_replacements_for_his_brigade._In_the_summer_of_1863,_the_unit_went_to_Mississippi_as_part_of_Gen._Joseph_Johnstons_rescue_force_for_Vicksburg._Back_in_Charleston,_Evans_quarreled_with_his_superior,_Gen._Roswell_Ripley,_and_was_arrested._Though_again_acquitted,_he_got_no_further_command_until_late_spring_of_1864;_however,_he_was_injured_by_a_buggy_accident_before_he_could_lead_his_brigade_to_Petersburg._Restricted_to_duties_in_the_War_Department_in_Richmond,_he_fled_the_Confederate_capital_with_Pres._Jefferson_Davis_and_his_cabinet_in_April_1865,_but_left_them_in_South_Carolina,_where_he_was_later_paroled._After_the_war,_Evans_became_principal_of_high_schools_in_Cokesbury,_South_Carolina_and_Midway,_Alabama,_where_he_died_on_November_23,_1868,_probably_from_lingering_effects_of_the_buggy_accident._(Bio_by_Joern_Kaesebier)	____cmdrunkwp_
144	Fagan,_J.F.	Gen144.pcx	2	18	0	216	2	9	1	7	7	5	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex____
145	Featherston,_W.S.	Gen145.pcx	2	40	0	216	18	9	1	3	8	4	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
146	Ferguson,_S.W.	Gen146.pcx	2	28	0	216	27	9	1	5	2	3	5	3	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	8	7	0	0	nobio	CAV____wp_
147	Field,_C.W.	Gen147.pcx	2	60	0	216	31	9	1	5	4	4	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
148	Finegan,_J.	Gen148.pcx	2	28	0	216	5	9	1	6	6	4	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
149	Finley,_J.J.	Gen149.pcx	2	30	0	216	5	9	1	7	8	2	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
150	Floyd,_J.B.	Gen150.pcx	2	9	28	216	31	9	1	3	1	2	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._John_Buchanan_Floyd_(b._1806,_d._1863)._Floyds_political_influence_ensured_him_the_commission_as_general_officer,_but_his_military_career_was_short-lived_because_he_was_mainly_responsible_for_the_loss_of_the_strategically_important_Fort_Donelson._Born_in_Blacksburg,_Virginia,_Floyd_studied_law_at_South_Carolina_College_and_practiced_it_in_Helena,_Arkansas,_also_losing_a_fortune_in_the_cotton_business_before_following_in_the_footsteps_of_his_father,_a_former_governor_of_Virginia_(1830-1834),_and_entering_politics_in_Virginia._Floyd_represented_Washington_County_in_the_state_legislature_from_1847-1849_and_ran_successfully_for_governor_in_1849._In_1857,_Pres._James_Buchanan_appointed_Floyd_Secretary_of_War_to_please_Virginian_nationalists._Floyds_actions_in_office_soon_invoked_criticism_even_from_Southerners,_as_he_was_charged_with_favoritism_and_improper_dealings_in_Indian_trust_funds._Also_controversial_was_his_transfer_of_125,000_small_arms_to_southern_arsenals,_which_prompted_the_northern_press_to_accuse_him_of_treason_because_they_thought_the_weapons_had_been_sent_there_in_preparation_for_a_civil_war._A_committee_in_the_House_of_Representatives_investigated_Floyds_record_in_February_1861,_returning_no_verdict,_but_by_then_Floyd_had_already_resigned_after_a_breach_with_Buchanan._The_dispute_erupted_in_December_when_Buchanan_overruled_Floyds_order_to_Maj._Robert_Anderson_to_move_his_garrison_from_Fort_Sumter_back_to_Fort_Moultrie,_which_the_latter_had_evacuated_after_the_secession_of_South_Carolina_on_December_20,_1860._When_Virginia_left_the_Union_on_April_17,_1861,_Floyd_was_commissioned_major_general_of_the_state_militia,_and_on_May_23_was_made_a_brigadier_general_in_the_Confederate_army._That_August,_Floyd_formally_led_the_Army_of_Kanawha_in_western_Virginia_but_his_rival_Gen._Henry_A._Wise_refused_to_follow_his_orders_and_reported_independently_to_the_Army_of_the_Northwest_command_in_Valley_Mountain._Their_distrust_hindered_Floyd_and_Wise_from_supporting_each_other,_and_on_September_10_Floyd_had_to_fight_without_Wise's_Legion_in_the_Battle_of_Carnifex_Ferry,_in_which_Gen._William_S._Rosecrans_defeated_him_and_thus_ensured_that_western_Virginia_would_remain_Union_territory_(and,_soon_thereafter,_become_a_new_state)._His_troops_held_their_ground,_but_he_believed_himself_to_be_outnumbered_and_retreated,_and_Floyd_himself_received_a_light_wound_during_the_battle._That_winter,_Floyd_and_his_Virginians_were_transferred_to_the_command_of_Gen._Albert_S._Johnston_in_the_western_theater,_initially_arriving_in_Bowling_Green,_Kentucky._With_western_Tennessee_imperiled_and_Fort_Henry_already_fallen,_Johnston_on_February_8_told_Floyd_to_distribute_your_forces_as_you_think_proper__thus_the_puzzled_Floyd_was_not_at_all_prepared_for_Gen._Ulysses_S._Grants_attack_on_Fort_Donelson_a_few_days_later._Floyd_arrived_at_the_fort_on_February_13,_a_day_before_Grants_forces,_and_found_the_place_hard_to_defend,_but_nonetheless_decided_to_fight_for_it_instead_of_withdrawing._During_a_breakout_attempt_on_February_15,_Floyd_left_the_planning_and_fighting_to_his_subordinates._When_the_attempt_failed,_he_rendered_command_to_Gen._Gideon_Pillow_and,_infected_by_pessimism,_left_the_fort_by_boat_with_his_troops_from_Virginia,_escaping_before_the_garrison_surrendered_to_Grant_(who_thought_Floyd_to_be_no_soldier_for_his_actions_there)._Though_Johnston_did_not_censure_Floyd,_Pres._Jefferson_Davis_relieved_him_of_his_command_on_March_11,_1862_without_even_convening_a_court_of_inquiry._Back_in_his_home_state,_he_served_as_a_major_general_in_the_militia_and_was_given_the_task_of_protecting_the_railroads_against_enemy_raids._He_was_unable_to_render_further_service_due_to_declining_health_and_died_on_August_26,_1863_in_Abingdon,_Virginia,_where_he_is_buried_in_Sinking_Spring_Cemetery._(Bio_by_Joern_Kaesebier)	_____
151	Forney,_J.H.	Gen151.pcx	2	8	0	216	1	9	1	5	7	2	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
152	Forney,_W.H.	Gen152.pcx	2	28	0	216	1	9	1	8	8	2	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
154	Frazer,_J.W.	Gen154.pcx	2	98	0	216	1	9	1	4	8	2	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	3	13	14	0	0	nobio	____wp_
155	French,_S.G.	Gen155.pcx	2	56	0	216	18	9	1	5	6	3	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	art_mex___wp_
156	Frost,_D.M.	Gen156.pcx	2	28	0	216	19	9	1	1	3	3	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____desertedwp_
157	Fry,_B.D.	Gen157.pcx	2	28	0	216	1	9	1	6	6	4	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	11	11	0	0	0	nobio	_____
158	Gano,_R.M.	Gen158.pcx	2	80	0	216	29	9	1	4	6	2	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav____physician_
159	Gardner,_F.	Gen159.pcx	2	100	0	216	0	9	1	4	6	2	3	4	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav____wp_
160	Gardner,_W.M.	Gen160.pcx	2	30	0	216	6	9	1	4	6	5	6	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
161	Garland,_S.J.	Gen161.pcx	2	20	0	216	2	9	1	5	5	4	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
162	Garnett,_R.B.	Gen162.pcx	2	20	0	216	31	50	1	6	5	4	6	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	16	2	20	0	0	Brig._Gen._Richard_Brooke_Garnett_(b._1817,_d._1863)._Born_on_the_Rose_Hill_estate_in_Essex_County,_Virginia,_Garnett_graduated_from_West_Point_in_1841._He_was_commissioned_as_a_2nd_lieutenant_in_the_6th_U.S._Infantry_and_served_in_a_variety_of_posts_in_Florida_fighting_the_Seminoles,_and_then_in_the_West,_where_he_commanded_Fort_Laramie_and_was_a_noted_Indian_fighter._During_the_Mexican_War,_he_served_in_staff_positions_in_New_Orleans._Garnett_learned_of_the_outbreak_of_the_Civil_War_while_serving_as_a_captain_in_California_and,_despite_believing_strongly_that_the_Union_should_not_be_dissolved,_he_returned_to_Virginia_to_fight_for_his_native_state_and_the_Confederacy._He_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general_in_November_1861_and_assumed_command_of_the_1st_Brigade,_better_known_as_the_Stonewall_Brigade._During_Gen._Thomas_Stonewall_Jacksons_Valley_Campaign_of_1862,_Garnett's_military_career_took_a_downward_turn_at_the_Battle_of_Kernstown,_on_March_23,_1862._The_battle_occurred_after_Jackson_marched_his_army_forty_miles_to_intercept_a_portion_of_the_Union_Army_under_Gen._Nathaniel_P._Banks,_and_Jackson's_cavalry_commander,_Col._Turner_Ashby,_brought_faulty_intelligence_that_the_retreating_Union_force_of_Gen._James_Shields_had_four_regiments_in_Winchester._Since_that_force_was_of_comparable_size_to_Jackson's,_he_ordered_Garnett_and_the_Stonewall_Brigade_to_attack._Shields,_however,_had_a_full_infantry_division_on_hand,_almost_9,000_men,_and_twice_the_size_of_Jackson's_force._The_attack_went_badly_and_Garnett,_finding_his_brigade_low_on_ammunition_and_surrounded_by_forces_attacking_from_three_sides,_ordered_a_retreat._Jackson_was_infuriated_and_accused_Garnett_of_disobeying_orders,_in_that_he_should_not_have_retreated_without_obtaining_permission_from_Jackson_first._Jackson,_well-known_as_an_overly_strict_disciplinarian,_arrested_Garnett_for_neglect_of_duty_and_relieved_him_of_command._Garnett's_court-martial_began_that_August,_with_only_Jackson_and_his_aide_giving_testimony._The_trial_was_suspended_due_to_the_start_of_Gen._Robert_E._Lees_Fall_Campaign._Lee_ordered_Jackson_to_release_Garnett,_and_he_was_assigned_to_command_the_wounded_Picketts_Gamecock_Brigade_in_Gen._James_Longstreets_corps._Garnett_performed_credibly_at_the_Battle_of_Antietam,_after_which_he_assumed_permanent_command_of_the_brigade_when_Pickett_was_promoted_to_division_commander._During_the_Gettysburg_Campaign,_Garnett's_brigade_continued_in_Picketts_division_and_due_to_the_order_of_march,_did_not_reach_the_battlefield_until_late_on_the_afternoon_of_July_2,_1863._Missing_the_first_two_days_of_the_battle,_Pickett's_division_was_assigned_by_Lee_to_lead_a_great_assault_on_the_Union's_center_on_Cemetery_Ridge._Garnett's_brigade_was_in_the_front_rank,_on_the_left,_next_to_Gen._James_L._Kempers_brigade._Garnett_was_in_no_shape_to_lead_an_infantry_charge:_he_was_suffering_from_fever_and_a_leg_injury_received_when_his_horse_kicked_him,_rendering_him_unable_to_walk._But_Garnett_yearned_to_settle_the_record_of_his_military_dishonor_from_the_Battle_of_Kernstown,_which_the_aborted_court-martial_could_not._Despite_protestations_from_other_officers,_Garnett_insisted_on_leading_his_soldiers_into_battle_on_horseback,_becoming_an_obvious_target_for_Union_riflemen._Garnett_personally_got_to_within_twenty_yards_of_the_Angle_on_Cemetery_Ridge_and_was_never_seen_again._He_presumably_was_hit_by_canister_fire_and_his_body_was_so_badly_damaged_that_it_could_not_be_identified_afterwards._His_colleagues_realized_that_he_had_been_killed_when_his_horse,_Red_Eye,_returned_to_the_Confederate_lines_without_him._In_1872,_remains_of_Confederate_dead_were_brought_from_Gettysburg_and_reburied_at_Hollywood_Cemetery_in_Richmond._Years_after_the_war,_Garnett's_sword_was_located_in_a_pawnshop_and_was_purchased_by_former_Confederate_Brig._Gen._George_Stuart._(Bio_by_Scott_Jennings)	____wp_
163	Garnett,_R.S.	Gen163.pcx	2	20	0	216	31	9	1	5	5	3	5	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	7	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
164	Garrott,_I.W.	Gen164.pcx	2	10	0	216	1	9	1	5	7	3	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
165	Gartrell,_L.J.	Gen165.pcx	2	58	0	216	6	9	1	7	6	2	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
166	Gary,_M.W.	Gen166.pcx	2	86	0	216	27	9	1	4	8	4	4	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	6	23	0	0	nobio	cav_____
167	Gatlin,_R.C.	Gen167.pcx	2	80	0	216	23	9	1	4	8	2	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	11	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex_adjutant_general__wp_
168	Gholson,_S.J.	Gen168.pcx	2	12	0	216	18	9	1	6	8	4	4	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav____pow_
169	Gibson,_R.L.	Gen169.pcx	2	80	0	216	12	9	1	5	7	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	8	15	0	0	0	nobio	_____
170	Gilmer,_J.F.	Gen170.pcx	2	72	0	216	23	9	1	4	6	4	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	__engineer__wp_
171	Girardey,_V.J.	Gen171.pcx	2	62	0	216	12	9	1	5	7	4	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	11	0	0	0	nobio	_____
172	Gist,_S.R.	Gen172.pcx	2	85	0	216	27	9	1	5	8	4	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
173	Gladden,_A.H.	Gen173.pcx	2	28	0	216	12	9	1	4	5	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
174	Godwin,_A.C.	Gen174.pcx	2	16	0	216	23	9	1	4	5	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
175	Goggin,_J.M.	Gen175.pcx	2	86	0	216	31	9	1	5	4	2	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	7	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
176	Gordon,_G.W.	Gen176.pcx	2	94	0	216	28	9	1	4	7	4	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	17	17	25	0	0	nobio	_____
177	Gordon,_J.B.	Gen177.pcx	2	86	0	216	23	9	1	6	5	3	4	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav_____
178	Gordon,_J.B.	Gen178.pcx	2	64	0	216	1	9	1	4	5	4	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
179	Gorgas,_J.	Gen179.pcx	2	44	0	216	25	9	1	4	7	2	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	ordnance____wp`_
180	Govan,_D.C.	Gen180.pcx	2	92	0	216	2	9	1	3	6	5	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	18	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
181	Gracie,_A.	Gen181.pcx	2	44	94	216	1	9	1	4	4	2	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	18	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Archibald_Gracie,_Jr._(b._1832,_d._1864)._Born_into_a_wealthy_New_York_family,_whose_home,_Gracie_Mansion,_is_today_the_official_residence_of_the_Mayor_of_New_York_City,_Gracie_settled_in_Alabama_and_subsequently_joined_the_Confederacy._Having_been_educated_at_Heidelberg,_Germany,_Gracie_graduated_from_West_Point_in_1854,_participating_in_the_Snake_River_expedition_one_year_later_but_resigned_from_the_army_as_early_as_1856._With_his_fathers_help,_he_successfully_entered_banking_business_in_Mobile,_Alabama,_where_he_joined_the_militia,_becoming_commander_of_the_Washington_Light_Artillery._After_Alabamas_secession_the_unit_was_incorporated_into_the_3rd_Alabama_Infantry_and_sent_to_Norfolk,_Virginia._In_July_1861,_Gracie_returned_to_his_home_state_to_help_organize_the_11th_Alabama_Infantry,_which_he_led_to_Virginia_later_that_year._Commanding_a_battalion_of_sharpshooters_at_the_opening_of_the_Peninsular_Campaign_the_following_spring,_Gracie_distinguished_himself_in_rearguard_operations._Shortly_before_the_Seven_Days_Battles_of_June_25-July_1,_1862,_he_was_promoted_to_colonel_and_sent_to_eastern_Tennessee,_where_he_commanded_the_43rd_Alabama_under_Gen._Kirby_Smiths_Army_of_East_Tennessee,_taking_part_in_the_Kentucky_Campaign._Although_he_was_not_involved_in_the_major_engagements_of_the_campaign,_he_was_put_in_command_of_his_own_brigade_and_promoted_to_brigadier_general_on_November_4,_1862._His_main_task_for_the_following_months_was_to_guard_the_Cumberland_Gap_with_his_unit,_until_it_was_sent_to_Chickamauga_as_part_of_Gen._Simon_Buckners_force._In_the_bloody_battle_fought_there_on_September_18-20,_1863,_Gracies_brigade_gained_a_foothold_on_the_Horseshoe_Ridge__the_Unions_main_stronghold_and_rally_point_as_the_Confederates_surged_forward,_where_Gen._George_H._Thomas_gained_fame_as_the_Rock_of_Chickamauga__but_had_to_fall_back_after_sustaining_high_casualties._Following_Chickamauga,_Gracie_and_his_men_took_part_in_the_Knoxville_Campaign_as_part_of_Gen._Bushrod_Johnson_division,_with_Gracie_being_wounded_in_the_fighting_at_Beans_Station._He_did_not_recover_until_early_1864,_when_he_led_his_brigade_to_Virginia_and_took_part_in_the_defense_at_Drewrys_Bluff,_the_last_fortification_on_the_James_River_before_Richmond,_on_May_16,_1864._Assigned_afterwards_to_trenches_around_Petersburg,_Gracie_was_killed_by_an_exploding_shell_on_December_2._His_son,_Col._Archibald_Gracie_IV,_would_write_a_book_about_his_fathers_biggest_battle,_entitled_The_Truth_about_Chickamauga,_but_would_gain_more_fame_from_his_eyewitness_account_of_the_Titanics_sinking._(Bio_by_Joern_Kaesebier)	____wp_
182	Granbury,_H.B.	Gen182.pcx	2	44	0	216	29	9	1	5	4	1	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
183	Gray,_H.	Gen183.pcx	2	74	0	216	12	9	1	6	5	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
184	Grayson,_J.B.	Gen184.pcx	2	100	0	216	23	9	1	4	5	4	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	14	12	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___resignedwp_
185	Green,_M.E.	Gen185.pcx	2	14	0	216	19	9	1	5	4	5	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav_____
186	Green,_T.	Gen186.pcx	2	36	0	216	29	9	1	7	6	4	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	13	13	0	0	0	nobio	_mex____
187	Greer,_E.B.	Gen187.pcx	2	56	0	216	29	9	1	6	6	3	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav_mex____
188	Gregg,_J.	Gen188.pcx	2	42	0	216	29	9	1	7	4	4	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
189	Gregg,_M.	Gen189.pcx	2	22	47	216	27	9	1	5	4	4	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	25	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Maxcy_Gregg_(b._1814,_d._1862)._Gregg_was_born_in_South_Carolina_on_August_1,_1814_and_became_a_lawyer_at_the_age_of_twenty-five._He_commanded_the_12th_U.S._Infantry_during_the_Mexican_War_but_apparently_saw_no_action,_and_resumed_his_law_career_after_hostilities_had_ended._At_the_outbreak_of_the_Civil_War,_Gregg,_who_had_strongly_endorsed_secession_and_was_a_slave-holder_himself,_served_as_Colonel_of_the_1st_South_Carolina_Infantry_until_the_fall_of_Fort_Sumter._Commissioned_a_Brigadier_General_on_December_14,_1861,_Gregg_served_ably_in_the_Peninsular_Campaign_of_1862_and_at_the_battles_of_Cedar_Mountain,_Second_Manassas,_Harpers_Ferry_and_Antietam._His_finest_moment_came_at_the_Battle_of_Second_Manassas,_when_he_and_he_men_repulsed_six_assaults_by_the_Union,_with_Gregg_encouraging_his_men_with_a_cry_of_Let_us_die_here_men,_let_us_die_here!_while_wielding_a_Revolutionary_War-era_scimitar_he_always_carried._At_the_Battle_of_Fredericksburg,_Gregg_was_mortally_wounded_while_leading_his_men_into_a_breach_of_the_Confederate_right_flank._He_died_two_days_later,_on_December_15,_1862,_and_is_buried_in_Columbia,_S.C._His_death_was_bemoaned_by_Gen._Stonewall_Jackson,_who_stated,_General_Gregg_was_a_brave_and_accomplished_officer,_full_of_heroic_sentiment_and_chivalrous_honor._He_had_rendered_valuable_service_in_this_great_struggle_for_our_freedom,_and_the_country_has_much_reason_to_deplore_the_loss_sustained_by_his_premature_death._(Bio_by_Neal_West)	_mex____
190	Griffith,_R.	Gen190.pcx	2	22	0	216	18	9	1	4	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex____
191	Grimes,_B.	Gen191.pcx	2	20	0	216	23	9	1	2	7	4	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
192	McCook,_R.L.	Gen192.pcx	1	28	38	215	24	9	1	5	3	3	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	13	16	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Robert_Latimer_McCook_(b._1827,_d._1862)._Born_in_New_Lisbon,_Ohio,_McCook_began_studying_law_and_eventually_opened_a_legal_practice_in_Cincinnati._Originally_a_Democrat,_McCook_separated_himself_from_the_partys_policies_as_war_approached._Once_the_first_shots_of_the_Civil_War_were_fired,_McCook_wasted_no_time_in_organizing_the_9th_Ohio_Infantry_Regiment_and_was_commissioned_as_its_colonel._The_regiment_was_composed_primarily_of_recent_German_immigrants_and_was_known_as_Die_Neuner_(the_Ninth)._They_first_saw_action_at_the_Battle_of_Rich_Mountain_in_West_Virginia_under_Gen._George_B._McClellan._McClellan_remarked_that_the_Ninth_was_the_best_regiment_he_had_ever_seen,_either_in_America_or_Europe._They_often_served_as_the_vanguard_for_McClellan's_forces_during_this_campaign._After_fighting_at_Carnifex_Ferry,_also_in_West_Virginia,_they_were_transferred_into_the_Army_of_the_Ohio._During_the_Battle_of_Mill_Springs_on_January_19,_1862,_McCook_led_his_regiment_in_a_successful_bayonet_charge_upon_Confederate_positions._It_was_during_this_charge_that_McCook_was_severely_wounded._During_a_brief_furlough,_McCook_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general,_in_March_1862._He_returned_to_active_duty_before_his_wounds_had_entirely_healed,_however,_and_this_necessitated_the_use_of_a_wagon_for_his_transportation._Along_with_his_escort,_McCook_was_ambushed_by_partisans_near_the_Tennessee-Alabama_border_and_mortally_wounded_on_August_5,_1862._Six_others_of_the_family_known_as_the_Fighting_McCooks_achieved_the_rank_of_general_officer_during_the_Civil_War,_and_ten_others_served_in_other_capacities._(Bio_by_Tom_Dean)	_____
194	McGinnis,_G.F.	Gen194.pcx	1	45	0	215	8	9	1	4	4	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._George_Francis_McGinnis_(b._1826,_d._1910)._McGinnis_was_educated_in_the_public_schools_of_Maine_and_then_Ohio_before_entering_the_Mexican-American_War_as_a_private._He_returned_to_military_service_with_the_11th_Indiana_at_the_outset_of_the_Civil_War._McGinnis_quickly_advanced_from_a_private_to_a_lieutenant_colonel_within_one_month._He_served_as_a_colonel_at_the_Battle_of_Fort_Donelson_and_in_recognition_of_his_performance_at_Shiloh_was_promoted_yet_again,_to_brigadier_general_of_volunteers,_on_November_29,_1862._After_serving_in_the_Mississippi_theater_throughout_the_remainder_of_the_war,_McGinnis_was_mustered_out_on_August_24,_1865._His_career_after_the_war_consisted_of_serving_in_numerous_public_offices,_including_the_auditor_of_Marion_county._(Bio_by_Tom_Dean)	_____
195	McIntosh,_J.B.	Gen195.pcx	1	82	0	215	21	9	1	4	5	2	4	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	9	11	25	0	0	Maj._Gen._John_Baillie_McIntosh_(b._1829,_d._1888)._Born_in_Tampa_Bay,_Florida_to_Lt._Col._James_S._McIntosh,_the_young_John_McIntosh_lost_his_father_at_the_age_of_eighteen,_while_he_was_fighting_in_the_Battle_of_Molino_del_Rey_during_the_Mexican-American_War._McIntosh_and_his_older_brother,_James_McQueen_McIntosh,_both_entered_military_service,_albeit_through_different_pathways__and_moreover,_they_both_ultimately_served_as_brigadier_generals_on_different_sides_during_the_Civil_War,_though_whereas_John_survived_the_war_his_brother_was_killed_at_the_Battle_of_Pea_Ridge_fighting_for_the_Confederacy._McIntosh_first_enlisted_in_the_U.S._Navy_as_a_midshipman_in_1848,_before_resigning_in_1850,_and_thus_was_serving_during_the_same_war_in_which_his_father_died._During_the_period_between_the_two_wars_he_engaged_in_business_in_New_Jersey,_and_when_the_Civil_War_began_he_used_his_connections_to_be_commissioned_as_a_2nd_lieutenant_of_the_U.S._Cavalry._McIntosh_rapidly_rose_in_rank_due_to_his_performance_on_the_Peninsula_and_at_Antietam,_becoming_a_colonel_in_1862_and_commanding_the_3rd_Pennsylvania_Cavalry_in_time_for_the_Fredericksburg_campaign._In_March_1863,_McIntosh_was_given_command_of_a_brigade_in_the_division_of_the_Army_of_the_Potomac_commanded_by_Gen._William_W._Averell._McIntosh_participated_in_many_of_the_major_battles_in_the_Mid-Atlantic_region,_including_Chancellorsville_and_Gettysburg,_where_his_forces_skirmished_with_Gen._Nathan_B._Forrest's_cavalry._He_performed_with_distinction_and_received_numerous_brevets_and_other_recognitions_of_his_distinguished_performance._Having_been_injury_by_a_fall_from_his_horse,_he_was_unable_to_return_to_active_duty_until_just_before_the_Battle_of_the_Wilderness,_and_his_performance_and_bravery_in_this_campaign_led_Gen._George_G._Meade_to_recommend_his_promotion_to_brigadier_general_on_June_9,_1864._During_the_Battle_of_Opequon_(Third_Winchester)_on_September_19,_McIntosh_had_a_leg_amputated_after_being_severely_injured,_which_ended_his_active_service_in_the_Civil_War,_though_he_remained_in_the_service_itself_until_1870._McIntosh_was_brevetted_to_major_general_at_the_end_of_the_Civil_War,_and_he_ultimately_retired_at_the_rank_of_brigadier_general_of_the_regular_army._(Bio_by_Tom_Dean)	____relieved_
196	McKean,_T.	Gen196.pcx	1	20	0	215	25	9	1	3	3	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	7	0	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._Thomas_Jefferson_McKean_(b._1810,_d._1870)._McKean_first_enlisted_in_the_U.S._Army_in_1831_and_served_garrison_duty_until_1834,_when_he_resigned_to_pursue_a_career_in_civil_engineering._He_briefly_served_with_the_Pennsylvania_Volunteers_during_the_Seminole_War,_before_resigning_yet_again_to_resume_working_as_an_engineer._McKean_also_served_as_a_delegate_to_the_Iowa_state_constitutional_convention_in_1846._During_the_Mexican_War,_McKean_enlisted_as_a_private_and_was_severely_wounded_at_the_Battle_of_Churubusco._More_work_in_engineering_awaited_him_after_the_Mexican_War_ended._Soon_after_the_Civil_War_began,_McKean_was_named_Paymaster_of_the_U.S._Volunteers_on_June_1st,_1861._He_quickly_tired_of_this_job_and_sought_a_field_command_instead,_and_was_rewarded_with_a_promotion_to_brigadier_general_in_November,_1861._McKean_served_in_the_Mississippi_theater_for_the_entirety_of_the_war_and_was_brevetted_major_general_just_before_being_mustered_out_on_August_24th,_1865._He_retired_as_a_farmer_and_also_held_a_number_of_appointed_government_positions_before_passing_away_in_1870._(Bio_by_Tom_Dean)	cav_mex_engineer___
197	Mackenzie,_R.S.	Gen197.pcx	1	94	0	215	21	50	1	5	5	3	5	4	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	7	7	1	-1	0	Brig._Gen._Ranald_Slidell_Mackenzie_(b._1840,_d._1889)._Regarding_by_Gen._Ulysses_S._Grant_as_the_most_promising_young_officer_in_the_artillery,_Mackenzie_led_an_amazing_and_tragic_life._he_came_from_a_family_with_a_penchant_for_making_headlines:_his_father,_Alexander_Slidell_Mackenzie,_was_a_U.S._Navy_captain_who,_in_1842,_had_the_son_of_the_U.S._Secretary_of_War_hung_for_mutinous_behavior_aboard_his_ship;_and,_his_uncle,_John_Slidell,_was_one_of_the_two_Confederate_diplomats_detained_by_the_Union_navy_in_the_famous_Trent_Affair_of_late_1861._Born_on_July_27,_1840,_Mackenzie_later_attended_West_Point,_where_he_excelled_in_engineering._He_graduated_first_in_his_class_in_1862_and,_with_the_Civil_War_already_raging,_was_commissioned_into_the_Engineers_as_a_2nd_lieutenant._Mackenzie_served_at_the_battles_of_Second_Bull_Run,_Antietam,_Gettysburg_and_in_the_Overland_Campaign,_finally_gaining_his_promotion_to_colonel_in_June_1864._Given_command_of_the_2nd_Connecticut_Heavy_Artillery,_which_had_become_demoralized_in_the_aftermath_of_the_Battle_of_Cold_Harbor,_Mackenzie_employed_harsh_discipline_on_his_men,_earning_their_dislike_but_making_them_a_first-rate_unit_that_fought_effectively_as_infantry_as_well._Mackenzie_led_his_regiment_in_the_Assault_on_Petersburg_in_mid-June,_1864,_during_which_he_lost_two_fingers._Soon_after_returning_from_his_injury,_Mackenzie_and_his_regiment_were_assigned_to_Gen._Philip_Sheridans_Army_of_the_Shenandoah_and_served_with_distinction_in_the_Shenandoah_Valley_Campaign._Mackenzie_was_wounded_again_in_the_Battle_of_Cedar_Creek_on_October_19,_1864._Upon_recovering,_he_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general_and_given_command_of_a_Cavalry_Division_of_the_Army_of_the_James,_and_led_it_in_pursuit_of_the_Army_of_Northern_Virginia_in_the_final_days_of_the_war,_playing_an_especially_important_role_in_the_Battle_of_Five_Forks._At_the_end_of_the_war_Mackenzie_was_promoted_to_major_general,_having_risen_from_colonel_in_less_than_a_year._Mackenzie_continued_in_the_regular_army,_gaining_the_permanent_rank_of_captain,_after_the_war,_and_was_returned_to_the_Engineers._Two_years_later_he_was_promoted_to_colonel,_and_in_1871_was_given_command_of_the_4th_Cavalry_Regiment,_with_which_he_became_a_renowned_Indian_fighter_in_the_Indian_Wars._He_led_a_punitive_raid_into_Mexico_after_Indians_attacked_border_towns_in_Texas_in_1873,_and_also_helped_get_revenge_after_Custer's_massacre,_and_took_part_in_various_other_campaigns_and_actions_against_the_Indians_throughout_the_frontier._At_the_peak_of_his_career,_however,_Mackenzie_was_struck_down:_having_been_promoted_to_brigadier_general_and_named_commander_of_the_Department_of_Texas_in_1883,_he_was_noted_to_be_acting_irrationally_and_was_eventually_committed_to_an_asylum_because_of_mental_deterioration_(the_cause_of_which_appears_to_have_been_having_been_thrown_from_a_wagon_and_landing_on_his_head_several_years_earlier)._Mackenzie_lived_the_rest_of_his_days_with_his_sister_on_Staten_Island_and_died_at_the_age_of_48,_on_January_19,_1889._He_was_laid_to_rest_at_the_West_Point_National_Cemetery._(Bio_by_Tom_Dean)	cav__engineer_ist_in_class__wp_
198	McKinstry,_J.	Gen198.pcx	1	16	49	215	22	9	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Justus_McKinstry_(b._1814,_d._1897)._McKinstry_was_born_in_New_York_to_a_family_that_also_produced_a_future_California_Supreme_Court_Justice,_his_brother_Elisha._In_1834,_McKinstry_was_appointed_to_West_Point,_where_he_graduated_in_1838_(40th_out_of_45)._He_first_served_garrison_duty_before_serving_in_the_Second_Seminole_War_and_Mexican_War_under_Gen._Winfield_Scott_and_then_on_the_frontier._He_was_named_Chief_Quartermaster_of_the_District_of_the_West_in_1861,_Provost_Marshal_of_St._Louis_and_also_promoted_to_brigadier_general_on_September_2,_1861_by_his_commander_Gen._John_C._Fremont,_though_Congress_never_confirmed_the_promotion._As_quartermaster,_McKinstry_faced_numerous_difficulties._Secession_had_cut_off_Missouri_from_all_trade_routes_through_the_states_to_the_south,_and_St._Louiss_economy_in_particular_suffered_from_the_closing_of_the_Mississippi_River._At_the_beginning_of_the_war,_Fremont,_who_was_commanding_the_Department_of_the_West,_had_to_build_up_an_enormous_army_in_short_time_and_it_was_McKinstrys_job_to_find_the_supplies_needed_to_equip_this_new_force._As_he_had_only_little_money_to_spend_and_had_to_rely_on_vouchers,_he_decided_to_use_just_a_small_number_of_middlemen_to_collect_the_supplies,_and_these_men_became_rich_in_short_time._When_the_deficit_in_the_Quartermasters_accounts_had_reached_$4,500,000,_the_authorities_back_in_Washington_acted._Fremont,_who_had_fallen_out_of_favor_by_overstepping_his_authority_in_multiple_ways,_was_relieved_of_command_in_November,_and_McKinstry_was_arrested._He_was_not_allowed_to_defend_himself_in_public_until_a_court-martial_was_held_in_October_1862,_whereas_his_enemies__most_of_them_businessmen_who_had_not_received_a_contract_from_him__made_their_case_well-known_through_newspaper_articles._McKinstry_was_officially_accused_of_sixty-one_specific_offenses_and_found_guilty_of_twenty-six_of_them,_leading_to_his_dismissal_from_duty_on_January_28,_1863_for_neglect_and_violation_of_duty._He_stayed_in_close_contact_with_Fremont_afterwards_and_served_as_an_emissary_from_Fremont_to_the_presidential_campaign_of_Gen._George_B._McClellan_in_1864._Not_surprisingly,_after_the_war_he_found_employment_as_a_stock_broker_and_land_speculator_in_Missouri._(Bio_by_Joern_Kaesebier_and_Tom_Dean)	__quartermaster___
199	Mclean,_N.C.	Gen199.pcx	1	16	0	215	24	9	1	4	4	1	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____medal_of_honor_
200	McMillan,_J.W.	Gen200.pcx	1	44	0	215	8	9	1	4	3	2	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	8	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
201	McNeil,_J.	Gen201.pcx	1	44	0	215	19	9	1	4	5	4	5	3	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	9	25	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._John_McNeil_(b._1813,_d._1891)._For_a_man_who_would_come_to_be_known_as_the_Butcher_of_Palmyra,_McNeil's_first_career_was_quite_surprising:_he_was_a_hatter_for_over_twenty_years,_first_in_Boston_and_then_in_St._Louis._Apparently,_he_was_quite_successful_in_this_business,_because_he_also_served_in_the_Missouri_state_legislature_and_as_the_president_of_an_insurance_company._In_May_of_1861,_he_was_named_Colonel_of_the_3rd_Missouri_Regiment_and_soon_helped_rout_the_Confederates_at_Fulton._His_regiment_mustered_out_in_August_1861._McNeil_was_then_commissioned_Colonel_of_the_2nd_Missouri_State_Militia_Cavalry_in_June,_1862,_and_also_commanded_the_District_of_Northern_Missouri_during_this_time._In_the_latter_capacity,_McNeil_fought_to_cleanse_the_area_of_Confederate_guerrillas,_stating_that_where_a_Union_man_could_not_live_in_peace,_a_secessionist_should_not._After_retaking_Palmyra,_Missouri,_from_the_retreating_Col._Joseph_C._Porter_on_October_18,_McNeil_ordered_the_killing_of_ten_Confederate_prisoners_as_retribution_for_the_kidnapping_of_Andrew_Allsman,_a_Union_loyalist_and_supposed_informer._McNeil's_actions_were_met_with_public_outcry_from_both_loyalists_and_secessionists,_but_McNeil_defended_his_actions_to_the_grave._He_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general_in_November,_1862_and_took_command_of_the_District_of_Southwest_Missouri._He_continued_to_serve_in_the_command_of_various_districts_throughout_Missouri_for_the_duration_of_the_war._He_won_renown_for_his_defensive_performance_at_Cape_Girardeau,_where_he_held_his_position_with_1,700_men_against_a_Confederate_force_of_10,000_men_under_Gen._John_S._Marmaduke._McNeil_was_brevetted_major_general_on_April_12th,_1865_and_immediately_resigned_from_the_U.S._Army._After_the_war,_he_continued_to_serve_as_a_politician._He_was_clerk_of_the_criminal_court_in_St._Louis_county_for_three_years_and_sheriff_for_four_years._He_was_also_the_superintendent_of_the_St._Louis_branch_of_the_post_office._McNeil_died_while_at_work_in_1891._(Bio_by_Tom_Dean)	cav____wp_
203	Maltby,_J.A.	Gen203.pcx	1	62	0	215	7	9	1	5	5	4	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	23	24	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Jasper_Adalmorn_Maltby_(b._1826,_d._1867)._Born_in_Ohio,_Maltby_learned_the_gunsmith_trade_before_entering_into_the_Mexican-American_War_as_an_infantryman._He_was_severely_wounded_at_Chapultepec_and_mustered_out_in_August,_1848._He_then_relocated_to_Galena,_Illinois_and_opened_a_gunsmith_business,_becoming_very_successful_at_this_trade._(Maltby_was_well-renowned_for_his_prowess_as_a_gunsmith_and_Maltby's_Plains_Rifles_are_still_recognized_as_some_of_the_best_rifles_produced_at_the_time.)_Once_the_Civil_War_began,_he_joined_the_45th_Illinois_Volunteer_Infantry_and_was_appointed_Lt._Colonel._Maltbys_unit_fought_at_Fort_Henry_and_Fort_Donelson,_where_he_was_again_injured._In_the_aftermath,_Maltby_was_promoted_to_replace_the_previous_commanding_officer,_who_had_himself_been_promoted._Maltbys_regiment_performed_so_well_under_him_that_it_was_chosen_for_the_post_of_honor_during_the_occupation_of_Vicksburg._Maltby_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general_on_August_4,_1863,_making_him_the_ninth_general_in_the_Union_army_from_Galena._Maltby_and_his_brigade_remained_in_Vicksburg,_serving_as_the_city's_garrison_for_the_remainder_of_the_war._He_was_mustered_out_in_January,_1866._In_1867,_he_was_appointed_mayor_of_Vicksburg_but_died_three_months_later_from_yellow_fever._He_is_buried_in_Greenwood_Cemetery,_back_home_in_Galena,_Illinois._(Bio_by_Tom_Dean)	_mex____
204	Mansfield,_J.K.	Gen204.pcx	1	62	0	215	3	9	1	3	3	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex_engineer___
205	Manson,_M.D.	Gen205.pcx	1	29	95	215	8	9	1	4	3	4	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Mahlon_Dickerson_Manson_(b._1820,_d._1895)._Manson_was_born_in_Piqua,_Ohio_on_February_20,_1820,_later_moving_with_his_family_to_Crawfordsville,_Indiana._He_initially_became_a_school_teacher_in_Montgomery_County,_and_then_headed_to_the_Ohio_Medical_College_in_Cincinnati_to_study_medicine._During_the_Mexican_War,_he_served_with_the_5th_Indiana_Volunteers_as_a_captain._He_returned_to_become_a_druggist_back_in_Crawfordsville,_and_served_as_a_representative_in_the_State_House_of_Indiana_in_1851-1852._At_the_beginning_of_the_Civil_War,_Manson_was_appointed_a_captain_in_the_10th_Indiana_Infantry,_gaining_promotion_to_colonel_within_a_month._He_led_this_regiment_at_the_Battle_of_Rich_Mountain,_a_small_but_significant_engagement_on_July_11,_1861_that_helped_to_secure_western_Virginia_for_the_Union_and_propel_Gen._George_B._McClellan,_who_was_commanding_the_Union_forces,_to_his_more_prominent_role_in_the_war._With_the_neutrality_of_Kentucky_violated,_Manson_and_his_men_were_among_those_sent_into_the_eastern_part_of_the_state,_participating_in_the_first_important_Union_victory_of_the_war:_on_January_19,_1862,_with_Manson_commanding_the_2nd_Brigade_(which_included_his_old_regiment),_Gen._George_H._Thomass_forces_defeated_those_under_Gen._George_B._Crittenden_in_the_Battle_of_Mills_Springs_(Fishing_Creek),_a_battle_best_remembered_for_the_death_of_Confederate_Gen._Felix_K._Zollicoffer._Mansons_performance_led_to_his_promotion_to_brigadier_general_on_March_24._Later_that_year,_on_August_29,_Mansons_brigade_was_the_first_to_engage_Gen._Patrick_R._Cleburnes_division,_part_of_Gen._Kirby_Smiths_Army_of_Kentucky,_as_it_advanced_towards_Lexington,_intercepting_the_invaders_near_Richmond._The_ensuing_two-day_Battle_of_Richmond_(Kentucky)_proved_to_be_one_of_the_most_decisive_Confederate_victories,_as_fewer_than_1,200_of_the_6,500_Union_troops_escaped,_leaving_behind_206_killed,_844_wounded_and_4,303_captured;_moreover,_the_vanquished_force,_the_Unions_Army_of_Kentucky,_had_to_be_disbanded_because_it_was_so_badly_depleted._Manson_himself_was_wounded_in_the_thigh_and_captured_(along_with_most_of_his_brigade),_being_freed_as_part_of_a_prisoner_exchange_that_December_and_returning_to_duty._The_following_summer,_Manson_fought_against_Gen._John_H._Morgan_during_his_famous_raid_into_Kentucky,_Indiana_and_Ohio,_which_lasted_from_June_11_until_July_26._This_action_led_to_Mansons_receiving_command_of_the_XXIII_Corps_during_the_autumn_Knoxville_Campaign,_the_contest_between_forces_under_Gen._Ambrose_Burnside_and_Gen._James_Longstreet_over_whether_Burnside_would_be_able_to_reinforce_the_besieged_Union_army_at_Chattanooga._In_1864,_Manson_was_assigned_to_command_a_brigade_in_Gen._Jacob_D._Coxs_division_in_the_Army_of_the_Ohio_during_the_Atlanta_Campaign,_but_early_in_the_campaign_he_was_severely_wounded_by_an_exploding_shell_while_leading_his_troops_at_the_Battle_of_Resaca_(May_13-15,_1864)._Mansons_wound_was_so_severe_that_he_was_unable_to_return_to_active_duty_and_resigned_from_the_army_on_December_21,_1864._While_still_recovering,_he_ran_in_the_1864_election_for_Lieutenant_Governor_of_Indiana,_but_was_defeated._Running_as_a_Democrat,_Manson_was_later_elected_to_the_U.S._House_of_Representatives_in_1871,_serving_a_single_term,_and_later_was_elected_state_auditor_in_1878_and_lieutenant_governor_in_1884._He_also_became_a_internal_revenue_collector_for_the_7th_District_of_Indiana_from_1886_to_1889._Manson_died_in_Crawfordsville_on_February_4,_1895,_and_was_buried_in_Oak_Hill_Cemetery._(Bio_by_Scott_Jennings)	____wp_
206	Marcy,_R.B.	Gen206.pcx	1	23	0	215	21	9	1	4	7	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex_inspector___
207	Marston,_G.	Gen207.pcx	1	54	96	215	20	9	1	2	1	3	3	0	1	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Gilman_Marston_(b._1811,_d._1890)._Marston,_who_was_born_in_Orford,_New_Hampshire,_graduated_from_Dartmouth_College_in_1837_and_from_the_law_department_of_Harvard_in_1840._He_was_admitted_to_the_bar_and_commenced_practicing_law_in_Exeter,_New_Hampshire,_in_1841._Entering_politics,_he_was_elected_to_the_states_House_of_Representatives_from_1845_to_1849,_and_to_the_U.S._House_of_Representatives_from_1859_to_1863._At_the_start_of_the_Civil_War,_he_first_saw_combat_action_at_First_Bull_Run_on_July_21,_1861_as_Colonel_of_the_2nd_New_Hampshire_Infantry._Marstons_arm_was_shattered_in_the_fighting,_but_he_refused_an_amputation_and_recovered_to_lead_his_regiment_at_the_battles_of_Williamsburg,_Fair_Oaks,_Richmond,_Malvern_Hill_and_Fredericksburg_the_following_year._After_the_disaster_at_Fredericksburg_in_December_1862,_military_operations_were_suspended_for_the_winter,_so_Marston_returned_to_his_seat_in_Congress._In_April_1863,_Marston_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general._After_the_Battle_of_Gettysburg,_in_which_more_than_sixty_percent_of_the_2nd_New_Hampshires_men_were_killed,_wounded,_or_otherwise_lost,_Marston_took_his_remaining_troops_as_well_as_the_12th_New_Hampshire_and_headed_to_Point_Lookout,_Maryland,_where_his_men_served_as_prison_guards_until_the_following_spring._In_April_1864,_Marston_commanded_his_New_Hampshire_troops_as_well_as_some_New_Yorkers_during_an_assault_on_Drurys_Bluff_in_Virginia._Joining_up_with_the_Army_of_the_Potomac,_Marston_led_this_force_into_battle_at_Cold_Harbor_on_May_22,_where_in_little_over_thirty_minutes_he_lost_500_men._The_survivors_then_moved_on_to_the_siege_of_Petersburg,_during_which_Marston_became_quite_ill,_forcing_him_to_leave_the_army_and_return_home_in_early_1865._Marston_recovered_and_ran_for_his_old_congressional_seat,_gaining_election_that_March_for_one_more_term._After_leaving_Congress_for_the_second_time_in_1867,_Marston_remained_active_in_politics._In_1870,_Marston_declined_the_Governorship_of_the_Idaho_Territory._In_1872,_1873,_and_1876_to_1878,_he_was_again_a_member_of_the_New_Hampshire_State_House_of_Representatives._He_was_an_unsuccessful_candidate_for_election_in_1876_to_the_U._S._Congress._In_March_1889,_Marston_was_appointed_to_the_U.S._Senate_to_fill_a_vacancy_and_served_until_June,_when_a_successor_was_elected._He_died_in_Exeter,_New_Hampshire_and_is_buried_in_the_Exeter_Cemetery._(Bio_by_Scott_Jennings)	____2nd_inclasswp_
208	Martindale,_J.H.	Gen208.pcx	1	44	0	215	22	9	1	2	4	1	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	6	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
209	Mason,_J.S.	Gen209.pcx	1	44	54	215	24	9	1	2	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._John_Sanford_Mason_(b._1824,_d._1897)._Mason_was_born_in_Steubenville,_Ohio_on_August_21,_1824._After_attending_local_schools,_he_was_admitted_to_West_Point_in_1843._From_his_graduation_in_1847_until_he_retired_at_age_64,_he_pursued_only_a_military_career._He_began_service_with_garrison_duty_in_Tampico_during_the_Mexican_War._During_the_next_twelve_years_he_served_in_forts_in_the_states_of_Rhode_Island_and_California,_before_finally_being_stationed_at_Fort_Vancouver,_Washington,_D._C._at_the_outbreak_of_the_Civil_War._On_October_14,_1861,_he_was_appointed_Colonel_of_the_4th_Ohio_Volunteer_Infantry,_which_he_led_during_the_fall_and_winter_campaigns_in_Western_Virginia_while_serving_under_Gen._James_Shields._Mason_served_briefly_under_Gen._George_B._McClellan_during_the_Peninsula_Campaign_at_Harrisons_Landing._He_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general_in_November_1862_and_at_the_Battle_of_Fredericksburg_in_December_1862_commanded_a_brigade_in_Gen._John_Sedgwicks_II_Corps,_which_was_assigned_to_Gen._Edwin_V._Sumners_Right_Grand_Division._In_April_1863,_Mason_was_assigned_to_recruiting_duty,_first_in_Ohio,_and_later_in_California_and_Nevada._After_the_war,_he_served_in_a_number_of_posts_on_the_Western_Frontier_during_the_1870s_and_the_1880s._When_he_retired_in_1888,_he_made_his_home_in_Washington,_D._C._until_his_death_on_November_29,_1897._He_was_buried_with_full_military_honors_in_Section_1,_Grave_541,_of_Arlington_National_Cemetery._(Bio_by_Scott_Jennings)	_____
210	Matthies,_C.L.	Gen210.pcx	1	44	80	215	9	9	1	3	3	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	12	17	10	0	0	Brig._Gen._Charles_(Karl)_Leopold_Matthies_(b._1824,_d._1868)._Matthies_was_born_in_Bromberg,_Prussia._As_a_youngster,_he_worked_on_a_farm_nearby,_and_at_sixteen_he_joined_the_Prussian_army,_in_which_he_served_as_an_enlisted_man_until_he_emigrated_to_the_United_States_in_1849._During_the_1850s,_Matthies_was_a_local_businessman_in_Burlington,_Iowa._At_the_outbreak_of_the_Civil_War,_he_was_elected_captain_of_the_1st_Iowa_Infantry_in_May_1861._While_serving_under_Brig._Gen._Nathaniel_Lyons,_he_led_this_unit_at_Wilsons_Creek_on_August_10,_1861._In_May_1862,_Matthies_was_promoted_to_Colonel_of_the_1st_Iowa_and_led_this_regiment_during_the_Corinth_Campaign._That_November,_Matthies_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general_and_was_assigned_to_command_the_3rd_brigade_of_the_3rd_division_of_XV_Corps,_leading_his_brigade_during_the_Vicksburg_Campaign_in_the_first_half_of_1863._Serving_under_Gen._George_Thomas_during_the_Chattanooga_Campaign,_Matthies_was_wounded_while_participating_in_the_charge_up_Missionary_Ridge_November_25,_1863._When_he_recovered_from_his_wounds,_he_rejoined_his_brigade_in_time_for_the_start_of_Gen._William_T._Shermans_Atlanta_Campaign,_but_due_to_illness_he_was_forced_to_resign_his_commission_in_May_1864._Matthies_returned_to_Burlington,_where_he_was_involved_with_local_politics_until_his_death_in_1868._The_general_is_buried_in_Aspen_Groves_Cemetery,_Burlington,_Iowa._(Bio_by_Scott_Jennings)	_mex_engineer__resigned_
212	Meagher,_T.F.	Gen212.pcx	1	44	0	215	22	9	1	4	4	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
213	Meigs,_M.C.	Gen213.pcx	1	24	0	215	25	9	1	4	4	3	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	__engineer__wp_
214	Meredith,_S.	Gen214.pcx	1	42	0	215	8	9	1	4	4	3	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	2	23	0	0	Brig._Gen._Solomon_Meredith_(b._1810,_d._1875)._Meredith_was_born_in_Guilford,_North_Carolina_and_at_the_age_of_nineteen_moved_to_Indiana,_where_he_worked_as_a_farm_laborer_to_pay_for_his_education._At_the_age_of_twenty-four,_he_was_elected_sheriff_and_served_two_terms._Meredith_served_four_terms_in_the_state_legislature_and_was_appointed_U.S._Marshal_in_1849._When_troops_were_being_raised_after_the_outbreak_of_the_Civil_War,_Gov._Oliver_P._Morton_appointed_Meredith_Colonel_of_the_19th_Indiana_Infantry_Regiment._Upon_arriving_in_Washington,_D.C._in_August,_Meredith_boldly_visited_Pres._Abraham_Lincoln_to_ask_for_new_blue_uniforms_for_his_regiment,_but_it_was_for_its_hats_that_this_regiment_became_more_known,_since_the_19th_Indiana_was_to_become_part_of_the_famed_Iron_Brigade,_which_also_was_known_as_the_Black_Hat_Brigade_(or_Black-Hat_Boys)_because_of_the_black_Hardee_hats_the_men_wore._Merediths_most_notable_moment_with_the_19th_Indiana_came_at_the_Second_Battle_of_Bull_Run,_the_their_first_experience_with_combat,_when_the_regiment_suffered_259_casualties_in_fighting_against_Gen._Stonewall_Jackson,_and_Meredith_himself_was_severely_wounded_after_his_horse_was_shot_out_from_underneath_him._Meredith_survived_being_crushed_by_the_horse,_suffering_some_broken_ribs,_and_in_October_1862_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general,_but_not_without_some_raised_eyebrows:_he_had_long_lobbied_for_the_position,_having_first_written_Morton_on_April_17,_1861_to_ask_for_an_appointment_at_this_rank,_and_later_had_been_recommended_for_promotion_by_Gen._Joseph_Hooker_in_recognition_of_his_achievements_in_the_Battle_of_Antietam__a_battle_at_which_Meredith_was_not_present._The_following_month,_Meredith_received_command_of_the_Iron_Brigade,_which_by_then_was_comprised_of_two_Indiana,_one_Michigan,_and_three_Wisconsin_regiments._Merediths_predecessor,_Gen._John_Gibbon,_was_opposed_to_Merediths_promotion,_but_the_brigades_other_colonels_liked_Meredith_and_gladly_served_under_him._At_the_Battle_of_Fredericksburg_on_December_13,_Merediths_first_battle_in_brigade_command,_the_Iron_Brigade_was_not_heavily_engaged,_losing_just_sixty-five_men,_but_Meredith_failed_to_execute_an_order_given_by_his_division_commander,_Gen._Abner_Doubleday,_toward_the_end_of_the_day._While_there_is_a_possibility_that_Meredith_never_received_the_order,_Doubleday_was_so_incensed_when_the_order_had_not_been_carried_out_after_two_hours_that_he_relieved_Meredith_on_the_spot._With_his_political_connections,_however,_Meredith_regained_command_in_time_to_lead_the_brigade_at_Chancellorsville_the_following_spring._In_this_major_battle_the_Iron_Brigade_was_only_lightly_engaged,_but_at_Gettysburg_on_July_1_it_lost_two-thirds_of_its_force_in_the_early_fighting,_and_Meredith_received_a_disabling_wound_when_a_piece_of_shrapnel_hit_him_in_the_head_and_knocked_him_unconscious,_following_which_his_dead_horse_fell_on_top_of_him._Neither_the_Iron_Brigade_nor_Meredith_ever_fully_recovered,_though_both_continued_to_serve_in_the_war:_the_Iron_Brigade_was_reformed_and_its_surviving,_battle-ready_troops_still_fought,_while_in_early_1864_Meredith,_having_recovered_from_his_wound,_was_given_garrison_duty_in_Cairo,_Illinois._That_September,_Meredith_was_transferred_to_Paducah,_Kentucky,_where_he_remained_until_the_war_ended._Following_the_war,_Meredith_served_as_Surveyor_General_of_the_Montana_Territory_from_1867_to_1869._In_1869,_he_retired_to_his_farm_near_Cambridge_City,_Indiana,_where_he_raised_prized_longhorn_cattle._Meredith_is_buried_in_Riverside_Cemetery_in_Cambridge_City._(Bio_by_Scott_Jennings)	____wp_
215	Meredith,_S.A.	Gen215.pcx	1	42	0	215	25	9	1	3	7	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	6	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
216	Merritt,_W.	Gen216.pcx	1	42	0	215	7	9	1	3	4	1	4	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav_____
217	Miles,_N.A.	Gen217.pcx	1	56	0	215	22	9	1	4	5	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
218	Miller,_J.F.	Gen218.pcx	1	82	0	215	8	9	1	3	2	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	11	0	0	0	nobio	_____
219	Miller,_S.	Gen219.pcx	1	44	0	215	17	9	1	3	4	3	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
220	Milroy,_R.H.	Gen220.pcx	1	66	0	215	8	9	1	4	7	4	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___wp_
221	Mitchel,_O.M.	Gen221.pcx	1	14	43	215	24	9	1	4	3	4	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	17	0	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._Ormsby_MacKnight_Mitchel_(b._1809,_d._1862)._Yellow_fever_robbed_the_Department_of_the_South_and_X_Corps_of_Mitchel_on_October_30,_1862,_when_he_died__just_six_weeks_after_taking_command._He_died_in_Beaufort,_South_Carolina,_a_short_distance_from_his_smalls_departments_headquarters_at_Hilton_Head._Mitchel_is_remembered_mainly_for_his_contributions_in_viewing_the_heavens,_since_he_was_a_driving_force_behind_the_establishment_of_the_Naval_Observatory_and_the_Harvard_Observatory,_and_served_as_a_director_of_the_Cincinnati_Observatory_and_the_Dudley_Observatory_in_Albany._Mitchel_was_born_in_a_log_cabin_where_the_current_town_of_Morganfield,_Kentucky_now_sits_on_July_28,_1809._His_father_died_when_the_future_general_was_but_an_infant,_and_his_mother_moved_to_Lebanon,_Ohio._The_young_Mitchel_entered_the_working_world_by_clerking_in_Xenia,_Ohio._In_1825,_he_secured_an_appointment_to_the_U.S._Military_Academy_at_West_Point_and_graduated_with_the_Class_of_1829_(15th_of_56)._For_the_next_seven_years,_he_served_in_a_variety_or_roles,_from_railroad_engineer_to_West_Point_faculty_member._In_1836,_Mitchel_joined_the_faculty_of_Cincinnati_College,_where_he_lectured_on_astronomy._His_classes_were_popular,_which_partly_led_to_the_foundation_of_the_Cincinnati_Observatory_and_Cincinnati_Astronomical_Society._During_his_time_there,_Mitchel_had_stayed_active_in_militia,_feeling_bound_to_his_military_duty_as_a_West_Point_graduate._I_only_ask_to_be_permitted_to_act,_and_in_Gods_name_give_me_something_to_do,_Mitchel_said_to_a_crowd_in_New_Yorks_Union_Park_on_April_20,_1861,_eight_days_after_the_bombardment_of_Fort_Sumter._Mitchel_got_his_chance,_being_appointed_brigadier_general_of_volunteers_on_August_9,_1861._His_assignment_was_to_command_the_Department_of_the_Ohio,_which_soon_became_part_of_Gen._Don_C._Buells_Army_of_the_Cumberland._Mitchels_men_ranged_into_Alabama,_seizing_the_Memphis_&_Charleston_Railroad_in_Huntsville_in_April_1862,_and_sending_raiding_parties_to_Stevenson_and_Decatur._One_of_Mitchels_subordinates_was_the_highly_controversial_Col._John_B._Turchin,_who_allowed_his_troops_to_pillage_the_town_of_Athens,_Alabama._For_his_role_in_the_foray_into_Alabama,_Mitchel_was_promoted_to_major_general,_to_rank_from_April_11,_1862._However,_his_superior,_Buell,_ripped_into_him,_stating_that_his_management_and_control_of_his_division_were_highly_wanting__charges_mainly_based_on_Mitchels_policy_of_protecting_slaves_who_aided_the_Union_forces,_his_reopening_the_cotton_trade_with_local_Unionists_as_agents,_and_his_subordinates_crimes_against_the_citizens_of_Athens._Mitchel_attempted_to_resign,_but_his_letter_was_turned_down._Instead,_he_was_transferred_to_the_Department_of_the_South_and_the_newly-formed_X_Corps_in_mid-September,_which_were_holding_part_of_the_South_Carolina_coast,_and_soon_thereafter_fell_terminally_ill._Mitchel_was_buried_in_Brooklyn,_New_York._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	__astronomer__wp_
222	Mitchell,_J.G.	Gen222.pcx	1	14	0	215	24	9	1	4	3	2	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
223	Mitchell,_R.B.	Gen223.pcx	1	60	0	215	10	9	1	5	5	4	2	5	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav_mex___wp_
224	Montgomery,_W.R.	Gen224.pcx	1	30	0	215	21	9	1	3	5	1	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	23	4	0	0	nobio	____medal_of_honor_
225	Morell,_G.W.	Gen225.pcx	1	8	0	215	22	9	1	3	5	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex_engineer___
226	Morgan,_C.H.	Gen226.pcx	1	14	0	215	22	9	1	4	4	2	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	18	16	9	0	0	nobio	art____wp_
227	Morgan,_E.D.	Gen227.pcx	1	94	0	215	22	9	1	4	4	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	7	20	0	0	nobio	_____
228	Morgan,_G.W.	Gen228.pcx	1	16	0	215	24	9	1	3	3	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	14	21	11	0	0	nobio	_____
229	Morgan,_J.D.	Gen229.pcx	1	20	0	215	7	9	1	3	4	1	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___wp_
230	Morris,_W.H.	Gen230.pcx	1	36	0	215	22	9	1	4	3	2	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
231	Morton,_J.S.	Gen231.pcx	1	44	0	215	25	9	1	5	5	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	__engineer___
232	Mott,_G.	Gen232.pcx	1	44	0	215	21	9	1	2	5	4	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____medal_of_honorwp_
233	Mower,_J.A.	Gen233.pcx	1	40	0	215	19	9	1	5	5	3	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___wp_
234	Nagle,_J.	Gen234.pcx	1	44	0	215	25	9	1	5	6	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
235	Nagler,_H.M.	Gen235.pcx	1	40	0	215	0	9	1	1	5	3	2	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___top10wp_
236	Negley,_J.S.	Gen236.pcx	1	26	0	215	24	9	1	4	4	0	2	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
237	Neill,_T.H.	Gen237.pcx	1	0	0	215	24	9	1	4	2	1	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
238	Nelson,_W.	Gen238.pcx	1	44	0	215	11	9	1	3	5	2	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___wp_
239	Newton,_J.	Gen239.pcx	1	16	0	215	31	9	1	4	4	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	12	0	0	0	0	nobio	__engineer___
240	Nickerson,_F.S.	Gen240.pcx	1	16	0	215	13	9	1	3	3	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
241	Oglesby,_R.J.	Gen241.pcx	1	44	0	215	7	9	1	5	4	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex____
242	Oliver,_J.M.	Gen242.pcx	1	28	0	215	16	9	1	3	4	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
243	Opdyke,_S.E.	Gen243.pcx	1	96	0	215	24	9	1	3	4	1	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
244	Ord,_E.O.	Gen244.pcx	1	92	0	215	0	9	1	4	5	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4	4	0	0	0	nobio	_mex____
245	Orme,_W.W.	Gen245.pcx	1	16	0	215	7	9	1	3	4	4	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3	10	0	0	0	nobio	_____
246	Osborn,_T.O.	Gen246.pcx	1	44	0	215	7	9	1	4	5	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	23	18	25	0	0	nobio	_____
247	Osterhaus,_P.J.	Gen247.pcx	1	100	0	215	19	9	1	4	7	1	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
248	Owen,_J.T.	Gen248.pcx	1	34	0	215	25	9	1	3	5	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____pow_
249	Paine,_C.J.	Gen249.pcx	1	44	0	215	15	9	1	3	4	3	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wpcol_of_black_regiment_
250	Paine,_E.A.	Gen250.pcx	1	84	0	215	7	9	1	4	4	1	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
251	Paine,_H.E.	Gen251.pcx	1	16	0	215	33	9	1	3	3	2	1	3	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav____wp_
252	Palmer,_J.M.	Gen252.pcx	1	52	0	215	7	9	1	4	5	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav_mex____
253	Parke,_J.G.	Gen253.pcx	1	22	0	215	25	9	1	5	4	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	1	0	0	0	nobio	_____
254	Parsons,_L.B.	Gen254.pcx	1	20	0	215	7	9	1	3	4	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	__quaertermaster/railroad___
255	Patrick,_M.R.	Gen255.pcx	1	104	0	215	22	9	1	3	7	4	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____pow_
256	Patterson,_F.E.	Gen256.pcx	1	28	0	215	25	9	1	3	6	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex____
257	Paul,_G.R.	Gen257.pcx	1	52	60	215	0	9	1	3	3	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Gabriel_Rene_Paul_(b._1813,_d._1886)._Born_in_St._Louis_in_a_family_of_French_immigrants,_Paul_graduated_from_West_Point_in_1834._After_serving_at_the_frontier_and_in_the_Second_Seminole_War,_he_fought_in_the_Mexican-American_War,_winning_a_brevet_for_his_bravery_at_Chapultepec._Returning_to_frontier_duty,_he_was_stationed_at_Fort_Fillmore,_New_Mexico_when_the_Civil_War_broke_out._Paul_stayed_loyal_to_the_Union_and_had_to_protect_Federal_property_in_New_Mexico_Territory_against_Confederate_sympathizers_and_guard_the_frontier_against_Texan_attempts_to_occupy_the_territory._At_the_end_of_1861,_Paul_was_promoted_to_colonel_and_given_command_of_the_4th_New_Mexico_Infantry._Under_Lt._Col._Richard_Canby,_Paul_and_his_brigade_fought_at_Valverde_against_Gen._Henry_Sibley_on_February_21,_1862,_a_defeat_for_the_Union_(and_the_high_point_of_Sibleys_troubled_career)._Paul_retreated_towards_Santa_Fe,_which_eventually_had_to_be_abandoned,_though_he_held_out_in_nearby_Fort_Union_protecting_the_invasion_route_to_Colorado_Territory._Relieved_by_the_1st_Colorado_Volunteers_under_Col._John_Slough,_Paul_applied_for_a_promotion_at_the_War_Department_in_order_to_take_command_of_the_combined_forces._But_in_the_meantime_Slough,_who_was_senior_to_Paul,_had_started_a_campaign_that_in_March_1862_resulted_in_the_Union_victory_at_Glorieta_Pass_and_capture_of_Sibleys_supply_train,_which_forced_him_to_retreat_to_Texas._Instead,_Paul_was_sent_east_in_summer_and_promoted_to_brigadier_general_of_volunteers_in_September,_though_after_the_Senate_did_not_confirm_his_appointment_it_expired,_necessitating_his_reappointment_the_following_spring._After_serving_in_Washington,_Paul_received_command_of_the_3rd_Brigade,_1st_Division,_I_Corps_at_the_end_of_the_year,_but_arrived_only_after_the_Battle_of_Fredericksburg_and_saw_little_fighting_at_Chancellorsville_in_May_1863._At_Gettysburg,_Paul_led_the_1st_Brigade,_2nd_Division,_I_Corps,_which_was_attacked_from_three_directions_on_the_battles_first_day_while_defending_Seminary_Ridge._Paul_was_hit_by_a_bullet_which_struck_his_right_temple_an_inch_and_a_half_behind_his_eye._It_severed_the_right_optic_nerve,_passed_through_his_head_and_exited_through_the_left_eye,_leaving_him_with_only_limited_vision_in_his_right_eye_and_causing_brain_damage._Instead_of_resigning,_however,_Paul_continued_to_serve_in_a_minor_administration_capacity_until_February_1865._After_the_war_he_was_placed_in_charge_of_the_military_asylum_at_Harrodsburg,_Kentucky,_where_he_served_until_December_1866._A_resolution_of_Congress_later_enabled_Paul,_who_have_been_brevetted_to_brigadier_general_in_recognition_of_his_performance_and_wounding_at_Gettysburg,_to_retire_from_the_army_at_that_rank._Paul_died_in_Washington_on_May_5,_1886,_probably_from_an_epileptic_stroke,_and_was_buried_in_Arlington_National_Cemetery._(Bio_by_Joern_Kaesebier)	_mex____
258	Peck,_J.J.	Gen258.pcx	1	40	0	215	22	9	1	3	7	3	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___wp_
260	Penrose,_W.H.	Gen260.pcx	1	14	0	215	21	9	1	3	4	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
261	Phelps,_J.S.	Gen261.pcx	1	91	0	215	19	9	1	4	4	3	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
262	Phelps,_J.W.	Gen262.pcx	1	36	0	215	30	9	1	2	4	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___recruited_fmn_troops_resigned_62_whenthey_to_labor_not_war_
263	Platt,_A.S.	Gen263.pcx	1	8	0	215	24	9	1	4	2	4	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
264	Pierce,_B.R.	Gen264.pcx	1	30	0	215	16	9	1	4	4	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
265	Pile,_W.A.	Gen265.pcx	1	82	0	215	19	9	1	3	3	1	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
266	Pitcher,_T.G.	Gen266.pcx	1	70	0	215	8	9	1	2	4	2	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___wp_
267	Pleasonton,_A.	Gen267.pcx	1	44	0	215	0	9	1	4	6	2	1	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav_____
268	Plummer,_J.B.	Gen268.pcx	1	36	0	215	19	9	1	4	5	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	9	19	0	0	0	nobio	_____
269	Poe,_O.M.	Gen269.pcx	1	18	0	215	16	9	1	2	3	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	0	0	0	0	nobio	__engineer___
271	Porter,_A.	Gen271.pcx	1	0	78	88	25	18	1	3	2	2	4	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Andrew_Porter_(b._1820,_d._1872)._Like_many_other_early_leaders_in_the_Civil_War,_Porter_was_not_on_the_field_of_battle_at_the_end_of_the_conflict__instead,_he_was_making_his_residence_in_Paris,_France._Mainly_due_to_health_issues,_Porter_was_mustered_out_of_volunteer_service_in_April_of_1864_and_resigned_his_regular_commission_that_same_month,_subsequently_traveling_abroad_before_settling_in_Paris._Porter_was_born_on_July_10,_1820,_in_Lancaster,_Pennsylvania._Grandson_of_Revolutionary_War_General_Andrew_Porter_and_first_cousin_to_the_mother_of_first_lady_Mary_Todd_Lincoln,_Porter_had_other_ties_to_famous_people:_his_father,_George_Bryan_Porter,_was_a_territorial_governor_of_Michigan;_his_father-in-law,_Maj._John_Biddle,_was_an_early_settler_in_Michigan;_and,_his_first_cousin,_Horace_Porter,_was_a_brevet_brigadier_general_and_the_secretary_of_war_under_Pres._Ulysses_S._Grant._Porter_received_an_appointment_to_the_U.S._Military_Academy_in_1836,_but_left_after_six_months._At_the_start_of_the_Mexican_War,_he_was_appointed_a_1st_lieutenant_in_the_new_Mounted_Riflemen_Regiment._A_year_later,_he_was_promoted_to_captain,_and_soon_received_brevets_to_major_and_lieutenant_colonel_for_gallantry_in_battle._After_the_war,_he_stayed_in_the_military_in_Texas_and_the_southwest._When_the_Civil_War_began_in_1861,_he_was_made_Colonel_of_the_new_16th_U.S._Infantry_Regiment_on_May_14._At_the_First_Battle_of_Bull_Run_on_July_21,_Porter_commanded_the_1st_Brigade_of_Gen._David_Hunters_2nd_Division,_taking_over_command_of_the_division_itself_after_Hunter_was_wounded._Porters_men_suffered_464_casualties_during_the_battle__more_than_a_quarter_of_the_Unions_killed_and_wounded_that_day._Two_weeks_later,_on_August_6_(but_dated_to_May_17),_Porter_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general_of_volunteers,_the_fourth-ranking_brigadier_of_that_organization._When_Gen._George_B._McClellans_Army_of_the_Potomac_was_formed_in_the_immediate_aftermath_of_Bull_Run,_Porter_did_not_get_a_higher_command;_instead,_he_served_as_the_provost_marshal_for_the_army_during_the_Peninsular_Campaign_of_March-July_1862,_and_at_the_end_of_the_campaign_was_reassigned_to_aid_in_the_organizing_and_forwarding_of_recruits_from_Pennsylvania._That_October,_Porter_was_charged_with_enforcing_the_draft_in_Pennsylvania_and_became_the_states_provost_marshal._He_was_ordered_back_to_Washington,_D.C.,_in_January_1863,_and_subsequently_given_command_of_the_depot_for_drafted_men_in_Philadelphia._Poor_health_eventually_led_him_to_be_mustered_out_of_service_in_April_1864,_enabling_him_to_travel_overseas._Porter_died_at_his_Rue_du_Colisee_home_in_Paris_on_January_3,_1872,_and_was_buried_in_Detroit._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_mex____
272	Porter,_F.J.	Gen272.pcx	1	8	44	88	22	9	1	4	5	2	4	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	7	5	14	0	0	Maj._Gen._Fitz_John_Porter_(b._1822,_d._1901)._The_Union_hero_of_the_Peninsula_Campaign_served_only_in_the_first_half_of_the_war:_Porters_strong_ties_to_Gen._George_B._McClellan_and_his_dislike_for_Gen._John_Pope_led_to_a_court-martial_that_ruined_his_career._Porter_was_born_in_Portsmouth,_New_Hampshire_on_August_31,_1822._While_his_father_John_Porter_was_a_navy_captain_and_two_cousins_would_become_naval_officers,_he_decided_to_join_the_army._After_graduating_from_West_Point_in_1845,_Porter_served_briefly_at_Fort_Monroe_before_fighting_in_Mexico,_where_he_won_two_brevets_and_received_a_wound._He_spent_the_years_between_the_wars_as_an_instructor_at_West_Point_and_on_frontier_duty._Made_Colonel_of_the_15th_Infantry_on_May_14,_1861,_it_would_not_take_long_before_he_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general_of_volunteers_(dating_from_May_17)._Porter_served_in_the_Shenandoah_Valley_until_he_was_summoned_to_Washington_at_the_request_of_McClellan_when_the_latter_was_made_commander_of_the_Army_of_the_Potomac_on_August_28._For_the_Peninsula_Campaign_the_following_year,_Porter_was_given_a_division_and_as_first_task_the_direction_of_the_siege_of_Yorktown._His_actions_pleased_his_commander_enough_to_entrust_him_with_the_newly_created_V_Corps._When_the_corps_was_isolated_from_the_rest_of_the_army_by_the_swollen_Chickahominy_River,_it_was_attacked_by_the_Confederates_at_Mechanicsville_on_June_26._Porter_skillfully_organized_the_defense_and_retreat_of_his_corps_and_then_the_army_as_a_whole_during_the_Seven_Days_Battles_of_June_25-July_1,_earning_him_promotion_to_major_general_on_July_4._Angered_by_Popes_appointment_as_commander_of_the_Army_of_Virginia_and_his_ascendancy_at_McClellans_expense,_Porter_made_comments_critical_of_Pope._Despite_this,_Porter_and_V_Corps_were_reassigned_to_Popes_command,_prompting_Porter_to_wire_Gen._Ambrose_Burnside,_I_wish_myself_away_from_it,_with_all_our_old_Army_of_the_Potomac,_and_so_do_our_companions..._The_telegram_was_noticed_by_general-in-chief_Henry_Halleck,_but_the_order_was_not_changed,_so_Porter_headed_to_Manassas,_Virginia,_where_Pope_was_fighting_Gen._Thomas_Stonewall_Jackson_in_the_Second_Battle_of_Bull_Run._On_August_29,_Pope_wanted_Porter_to_attack_Jacksons_right_and_link_up_with_Gen._John_Reynolds,_but_when_Porter_learned_of_Gen._James_Longstreets_approach,_he_refused_to_advance_and_did_not_take_part_in_the_battle._Pope_used_Porter_as_scapegoat_for_the_defeat,_but_could_not_press_charges_until_the_crisis_of_the_Maryland_Campaign_was_resolved._At_Antietam_on_September_17,_Porter_served_under_McClellan_for_the_last_time,_though_his_corps_was_held_in_reserve_and_both_McClellan_and_Porter_were_reluctant_to_use_it_because_they_believed_themselves_to_be_outnumbered._When_McClellan_was_relieved_of_command_on_November_5,_it_took_only_five_days_until_Porter_was_cashiered_over_his_inaction_at_Manassas._The_court_martial_found_him_guilty_on_January_10,_1863_and_dismissed_him_from_the_army._While_Porter_started_a_second_career_in_New_York_City_as_Commissioner_of_Public_Works,_Police_Commissioner_and_Fire_Commissioner,_he_did_not_give_up_on_vindicating_his_performance_at_Manassas._After_the_war_he_collected_testimonies_from_former_enemies_like_Longstreet_to_strengthen_his_case,_and_finally_in_1878_a_commission_under_Gen._John_Schofield,_which_included_former_Confederate_Gen._Joseph_E._Johnston,_exonerated_Porter_and_asserted_that_his_actions_had_saved_his_corps._However,_Porters_case_remained_political_because_he_was_a_Democrat_and_the_Republican_administration_of_Rutherford_B._Hayes_would_not_follow_the_commissions_verdict:_thus_it_took_eight_years_and_the_election_of_Democrat_Grover_Cleveland_until_his_commission_as_colonel_was_restored,_dating_from_May_14,_1861._Porter_was_satisfied_and_resigned_almost_immediately_from_the_army._He_died_five_years_later_in_Morristown,_New_Jersey._(Bio_by_Joern_Kaesebier)	art_mex___BAD_
273	Potter,_E.E.	Gen273.pcx	1	8	0	215	22	9	1	3	6	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
274	Potter,_J.H.	Gen274.pcx	1	44	0	215	20	9	1	3	3	0	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	12	-1	0	0	0	nobio	_mex____
275	Potter,_R.B.	Gen275.pcx	1	100	0	215	22	9	1	3	4	2	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
276	Potts,_B.F.	Gen276.pcx	1	52	0	215	24	9	1	3	5	1	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	6	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
277	Powell,_W.H.	Gen277.pcx	1	86	0	215	24	9	1	4	5	2	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav____top10_
278	Pratt,_C.E.	Gen278.pcx	1	90	0	215	22	9	1	3	2	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
279	Prentiss,_B.M.	Gen279.pcx	1	40	0	215	7	9	1	2	5	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex____
280	Prince,_H.	Gen280.pcx	1	8	0	215	13	9	1	3	6	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	12	7	23	0	0	nobio	_mex____
281	Cadwalader,_G.	Gen281.pcx	1	31	0	215	25	9	1	3	4	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._George_Cadwalader_(b._1806,_d._1879)._Cadwalader_was_born_in_Philadelphia_on_May_16,_1806,_later_going_on_to_study_law_and_gain_admission_to_the_bar._He_was_active_in_the_state_militia_as_well,_coming_to_prominence_when,_as_a_Brigadier_General_of_Pennsylvanias_militia,_he_led_the_suppression_of_anti-foreign_riots_in_1844._During_the_Mexican_War,_he_was_appointed_a_Brigadier_General_in_the_U.S._Army_given_command_of_a_brigade_sent_to_serve_under_Gen._Winfield_Scott._His_services_at_the_Battle_of_Chapultepec_were_rewarded_with_the_brevet_rank_of_Major_General._After_the_conclusion_of_the_Mexican_War,_he_went_back_into_private_business,_at_which_he_was_quite_successful._At_the_outbreak_of_the_Civil_War,_he_was_made_a_Major_General_in_the_Pennsylvania_militia_and_subsequently_put_in_charge_of_the_riotous_City_of_Baltimore_that_May._He_took_command_of_a_division_in_Gen._Robert_Pattersons_campaign_into_the_Shenandoah._After_the_conclusion_of_that_campaign,_which_did_not_amount_to_much,_he_was_made_a_Major_General_of_Volunteers_in_April,_1862,_and_took_command_of_the_post_at_Corinth,_Mississippi._Cadwalader_served_on_various_military_and_advisory_committees_until_August_of_1863,_when_he_took_command_of_the_Philadelphia_area_military_district._There_he_oversaw_the_transport_of_many_thousands_to_troops_to_the_battlefields_in_Virginia,_and_to_the_administration_of_the_many_hospitals_for_the_wounded_in_that_city._Cadwalader_resigned_from_the_service_in_July,_1865._After_his_resignation_he_returned_to_private_life,_and_remained_in_Philadelphia_the_rest_of_his_life,_where_he_died_on_February_3,_1879._He_is_buried_in_Christ_Church_Burial_Ground,_in_Philadelphia._(Bio_by_Carny)	_mex____
282	Caldwell,_J.C.	Gen282.pcx	1	30	0	215	13	9	1	2	3	5	1	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
283	Cameron,_R.A.	Gen283.pcx	1	30	0	215	8	9	1	2	5	1	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
284	Campbell,_C.T.	Gen284.pcx	1	62	0	215	25	9	1	4	4	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex____
285	Campbell,_W.B.	Gen285.pcx	1	44	0	215	28	9	1	3	2	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___wp_
286	Canby,_E.R.	Gen286.pcx	1	34	0	215	8	9	1	4	5	3	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___wp_
287	Carleton,_J.H.	Gen287.pcx	1	28	0	215	0	9	1	2	5	4	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	23	0	0	0	0	nobio	____corruptwp_
288	Carlin,_W.P.	Gen288.pcx	1	30	0	215	7	9	1	3	4	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
289	Cooper,_J.A.	Gen289.pcx	1	44	0	215	14	9	1	4	4	3	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___wp_
290	Copeland,_J.T.	Gen290.pcx	1	84	0	215	16	9	1	4	4	3	2	2	1	0	2	0	0	0	0	23	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav____1st_classwp_
291	Corcoran,_M.	Gen291.pcx	1	44	0	215	22	9	1	4	4	3	1	6	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	nobio	__horse_killed_him__wp_
292	Corse,_J.M.	Gen292.pcx	1	12	0	215	9	9	1	3	2	3	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
293	Couch,_D.N.	Gen293.pcx	1	9	0	215	15	9	1	4	2	3	3	0	-1	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	0	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._Darius_Nash_Couch_(b._1822,_d._1897)._Couch_was_born_in_Putnam_County,_New_York_in_1822._He_attended_the_military_academy_at_West_Point_in_1842_and_graduated_with_the_class_of_1846._He_fought_in_both_the_Mexican-American_War_and_the_Second_Seminole_War,_though_he_did_not_stand_out_at_the_time._He_resigned_from_the_military_in_1855,_but_in_1861_at_the_outbreak_of_the_Civil_War_Couch_volunteered_and_rejoined_the_Army_as_the_Colonel_of_the_7th_Massachusetts_Infantry._He_was_quickly_promoted_to_brigadier_general_on_May_17._Couch_commanded_a_brigade_at_the_start_of_the_Peninsula_Campaign_in_1862,_and_after_his_early_success_he_was_promoted_to_major_general_and_given_command_of_a_division_in_the_IV_Corps._He_fought_successfully_with_his_division_during_the_remainder_of_the_Peninsula_Campaign_and_through_the_Seven_Days_Battles_as_well_as_at_Antietam._Couch_was_then_given_command_of_the_II_Corps_following_Sumners_promotion_to_command_of_the_Right_Grand_Division._The_II_Corps_took_the_highest_casualties_of_any_Corps_in_the_disastrous_assaults_on_Maryes_Heights_during_the_Battle_of_Fredericksburg._Couch_continued_to_command_the_II_Corps_at_the_Battle_of_Chancellorsville._Following_that_battle_he_began_to_quarrel_with_Gen._Joseph_Hooker,_and_requested_a_transfer_to_a_non-field_command._Couch_was_assigned_to_command_the_Department_of_the_Susquehanna._During_the_Gettysburg_campaign_Couch_commanded_roughly_20,000_militia_based_near_Harrisburg_and_fought_Confederate_cavalry_at_the_Battle_of_Sporting_Hill._In_December,_1863_Couch_was_sent_west_to_command_a_division_in_the_XXIII_Corps._He_commanded_his_division_capably_throughout_the_Atlanta_Campaign_and_Franklin-Nashville_Campaign,_and_served_out_the_remainder_of_the_war_in_this_position._After_the_war_Couch_ran_a_mining_company_before_moving_to_Connecticut_in_1871._There_he_served_as_the_Quartermaster_General,_and_then_Adjutant_General,_for_the_state_militia_until_1884._In_1897_Couch_died_in_Norwalk,_Connecticut,_and_was_buried_in_Taunton._(Bio_by_Matthew_G._Flanigan)	_mex___resignedwp-failed_
294	Cowdin,_R.	Gen294.pcx	1	8	0	215	15	9	1	3	3	4	3	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
295	Cox,_J.D.	Gen295.pcx	1	40	0	215	24	9	1	3	5	3	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	9	8	16	0	0	nobio	____wp_
296	Craig,_J.	Gen296.pcx	1	6	0	215	19	9	1	4	6	2	4	0	1	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____2nd_inclasswp_
297	Crawford,_S.,.	Gen297.pcx	1	28	0	215	25	9	1	5	5	2	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
298	Crittenden,_T.L.	Gen298.pcx	1	30	0	215	11	9	1	3	4	2	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
299	Crittenden,_T.T.	Gen299.pcx	1	16	0	215	11	9	1	4	5	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
300	Crocker,_M.M.	Gen300.pcx	1	30	0	215	22	9	1	3	5	5	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____relievedwp_
301	Crook,_G.	Gen301.pcx	1	44	0	215	24	9	1	4	3	3	1	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav____relieved_
302	Croxton,_J.T.	Gen302.pcx	1	40	0	215	11	9	1	3	3	1	2	4	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	16	8	0	0	0	nobio	cav____wp_
303	Cruft,_C.	Gen303.pcx	1	64	0	215	8	9	1	3	4	2	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
304	Cullum,_G.W.	Gen304.pcx	1	36	0	215	25	9	1	5	7	2	4	0	1	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____2nd_inclasswp_
305	Curtis,_N.M.	Gen305.pcx	1	48	0	215	22	9	1	4	5	1	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____relieved_
306	Curtis,_S.R.	Gen306.pcx	1	90	0	215	9	9	1	5	7	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	24	-1	24	0	0	nobio	_mex____
308	Cutler,_L.	Gen308.pcx	1	8	0	215	33	9	1	4	3	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	-1	0	0	0	nobio	_____
309	Ramsay,_G.D.	Gen309.pcx	1	44	0	215	0	9	1	3	4	4	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	art____pow_
310	Ransom,_T.E.	Gen310.pcx	1	64	0	215	7	9	1	3	2	2	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
311	Raum,_G.B.	Gen311.pcx	1	44	0	215	7	9	1	3	5	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____fmn_
312	Rawlins,_J.A.	Gen312.pcx	1	89	0	215	7	9	1	3	6	1	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
313	Reid,_H.T.	Gen313.pcx	1	99	0	215	9	9	1	2	4	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
314	Reilly,_J.W.	Gen314.pcx	1	52	0	215	24	9	1	5	6	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____navy_
315	Reno,_J.L.	Gen315.pcx	1	84	0	215	22	9	1	3	5	3	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___wp_
316	Revere,_J.W.	Gen316.pcx	1	36	0	215	21	9	1	4	3	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	24	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___doctor_
318	Reynolds,_J.J.	Gen318.pcx	1	42	0	215	8	9	1	3	4	4	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	art____wp_
319	Rice,_A.V.	Gen319.pcx	1	8	0	215	24	9	1	2	3	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
320	Rice,_E.W.	Gen320.pcx	1	104	0	215	9	9	1	4	4	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____pothumously_
321	Rice,_J.C.	Gen321.pcx	1	82	0	215	22	9	1	3	4	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	6	-1	3	0	0	nobio	_____
322	Rice,_S.A.	Gen322.pcx	1	62	0	215	9	9	1	3	6	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	11	8	0	0	0	nobio	____fmn_
323	Richardson,_I.B.	Gen323.pcx	1	0	41	88	16	18	1	5	4	4	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	20	24	0	0	Maj._Gen._Israel_Bush_Richardson_(b._1815,_d._1862)._Nicknamed_Fighting_Dick_(earned_during_the_Mexican_War)_and_Greasy_Dick,_Richardson_ascended_to_division_command_in_the_Army_of_Potomac_before_his_career_was_ended_at_the_Battle_of_Antietam._Richardson_was_commanding_his_forces_against_the_Confederate_position_in_the_Bloody_Lane,_directing_fire_from_an_artillery_battery,_when_he_was_mortally_wounded_by_a_ball_from_a_spherical_case_shot_fired_from_a_Confederate_battery._He_was_taken_to_Gen._George_B._McClellans_Pry_House_headquarters,_where_he_lingered_for_three_weeks,_dying_on_November_3,_1862._Richardson_was_born_in_Fairfax,_Vermont,_on_December_26,_1815._A_descendant_of_Revolutionary_War_General_Israel_Putnam,_he_received_an_appointment_to_the_U.S._Military_Academy_in_1836,_graduating_38th_in_the_Class_of_1841._Richardson_immediately_saw_action_against_the_Seminoles_in_Florida._During_the_Mexican_War,_he_excelled,_earning_brevets_to_captain_and_major_for_his_gallantry_at_Contreras,_Churubusco_and_Chapultepec._Richardson_served_in_the_southwest_until_1855,_when_he_resigned_to_become_a_farmer_in_Pontiac,_Michigan._When_Pres._Abraham_Lincoln_called_for_volunteer_troops,_Richardson_returned_to_military_service._He_recruited_and_organized_the_2nd_Michigan_Infantry_and_was_mustered_into_Union_service_as_its_colonel._At_the_First_Battle_of_Bull_Run_on_July_21,_1861,_Richardson_commanded_the_4th_Brigade_in_the_1st_Division,_which_was_slightly_engaged_covering_Blackburns_Ford._He_brought_his_command_off_the_field_in_good_order_during_the_Union_rout_and_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general_on_August_9._(This_promotion_came_despite_some_unpleasantness_when_Col._Dixon_S._Miles_threatened_to_arrest_Richardson_for_disobedience_during_the_battle,_and_Richardson_accused_Miles_of_being_drunk,_a_charge_later_upheld.)_An_organizer_and_disciplinarian,_Richardson_was_assigned_to_command_a_division_of_Edwin_Sumners_II_Corps_for_the_Peninsular_Campaign_of_1862._He_tempered_his_hard_edge_with_a_casual_approach_toward_military_formality._One_of_his_units_was_Meaghers_Irish_Brigade,_and_Richardsons_courage_endeared_him_to_the_Irish_soldiers_of_that_unit._Richardson_was_promoted_to_major_general_to_rank_from_July_4,_1862,_and_assigned_to_a_division_in_Gen._Joseph_Hookers_I_Corps_after_the_evacuation_of_the_Peninsula._Back_with_Sumners_II_Corps_for_the_Maryland_Campaign,_Richardson_commanded_his_division_against_the_Confederates_manning_the_South_Mountain_gaps._In_the_campaigns_major_battle_at_Antietam_on_September_17,_Richardsons_division_teamed_with_that_of_Gen._W.H._French_to_oppose_the_Confederates_under_Gen._D.H._Hill_positioned_in_the_Bloody_Lane._After_Richardsons_mortal_wounding,_Sumner_commended_him_for_his_bravery._Richardson_was_buried_in_Pontiac,_Michigan._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_mex___excellent_
324	Ricketts,_J.B.	Gen324.pcx	1	31	0	215	22	9	1	6	6	4	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	-1	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._James_Brewerton_Ricketts_(b._1817,_d._1887)._Ricketts_was_born_in_New_York_City_on_June_21,_1817,_later_gaining_an_appointment_to_West_Point_in_the_Class_of_1839._Though_he_served_in_the_Mexican_War,_he_received_no_promotions._Commanding_an_artillery_battery_during_the_Battle_of_First_Manassas,_Ricketts_was_wounded_four_times_and_became_a_Confederate_prisoner_of_war,_finally_gaining_his_freedom_through_an_exchange_in_January_of_1862._He_was_promoted_to_Brigadier_General_of_Volunteers_on_April_30,_1862,_to_date_from_July_21,_1861_for_his_conduct_at_Manassas._Ricketts_commanded_a_division_at_the_battles_of_Cedar_Mountain,_Second_Manassas_and_Antietam,_where_he_was_badly_injured_when_the_second_of_two_horses_was_shot_out_from_under_him._Returning_to_division_command_in_March_of_1864,_Ricketts_led_his_command_during_Gen._Ulysses_S._Grants_Overland_Campaign_and_then_hurried_north_to_the_Monocacy_River_for_a_battle_on_July_9_that_delayed_Gen._Jubal_Earlys_raid_on_Washington,_D.C._for_a_vital_twenty-four_hours__long_enough_to_cause_Earlys_plans_to_fail._Ricketts_was_brevetted_a_Major_General_of_Volunteers_on_August_1,_1864_in_recognition_of_his_performance_during_the_Battle_of_Monocacy._Ricketts_was_shot_in_the_chest_during_the_Battle_of_Cedar_Creek_on_October_19,_1864,_earning_him_a_brevet_as_Brigadier_General_of_the_regular_army,_which_was_trumped_by_the_brevet_as_Major_General_in_the_regular_army_that_he_was_given_for_generally_gallant_and_meritorious_service_in_the_field._He_returned_to_his_division_just_before_Gen._Robert_E._Lees_surrender._Ricketts_died_in_Washington_on_September_22_1887,_and_was_buried_in_Arlington_National_Cemetery._One_of_his_sons,_Basil_Norris_Ricketts_was_later_buried_nearby,_having_earned_the_honor_through_service_with_Theodore_Roosevelts_Rough_Riders_during_the_Spanish-American_War._(Bio_by_Neal_West)	_____
325	Ripley,_J.W.	Gen325.pcx	1	12	0	215	0	9	1	4	5	4	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	art_mex___resigned_
326	Roberts,_B.S.	Gen326.pcx	1	14	0	215	30	9	1	3	3	2	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav_mex_railroad___
327	Robinson,_J.S.	Gen327.pcx	1	34	0	215	24	9	1	3	5	3	2	0	0	0	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____resignedfrencharmy_
328	Robinson,_J.C.	Gen328.pcx	1	94	0	215	16	9	1	4	4	4	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	16	9	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___resigned-ill_
329	Rodman,_I.P.	Gen329.pcx	1	30	0	215	26	9	1	4	3	4	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3	4	0	0	0	nobio	_____
331	Ross,_L.F.	Gen331.pcx	1	30	0	215	7	9	1	4	4	3	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
332	Rousseau,_L.H.	Gen332.pcx	1	30	0	215	11	9	1	4	3	4	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	6	18	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
333	Rowley,_T.A.	Gen333.pcx	1	18	0	215	25	9	1	4	5	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3	19	19	0	0	nobio	_____
334	Rucker,_D.H.	Gen334.pcx	1	44	0	215	16	9	1	5	6	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_quartermster____
335	Ruger,_T.H.	Gen335.pcx	1	56	0	215	33	9	1	3	4	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	__engineer__pow_
336	Russell,_D.A.	Gen336.pcx	1	44	0	215	15	9	1	3	5	1	3	0	1	0	2	0	0	0	0	18	14	5	0	0	nobio	_mex___2nd_inclasswp_
337	Quinby,_I.F.	Gen337.pcx	1	44	0	215	22	9	1	2	3	3	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
338	Eaton,_A.B.	Gen338.pcx	1	28	0	215	22	9	1	2	5	4	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex_commissary___
339	Edwards,_J.	Gen339.pcx	1	82	0	215	9	9	1	3	5	4	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
340	Edwards,_O.	Gen340.pcx	1	88	0	215	15	9	1	5	4	4	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	-1	0	0	0	nobio	_____
341	Egan,_T.W.	Gen341.pcx	1	91	0	215	22	9	1	4	4	3	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
342	Ellet,_A.W.	Gen342.pcx	1	88	0	215	7	9	1	4	3	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	__engineer___
343	Elliot,_W.L.	Gen343.pcx	1	44	0	215	9	9	1	5	5	2	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav_mex___resigned_
344	Emory,_W.H.	Gen344.pcx	1	34	0	215	14	9	1	5	6	3	3	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	art_mex____
345	Estey,_G.P.	Gen345.pcx	1	28	0	215	24	9	1	4	3	3	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	7	20	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
346	Eustis,_H.L.	Gen346.pcx	1	94	0	215	15	9	1	2	2	1	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	8	3	6	0	0	nobio	__engineer___
347	Ewing,_C.	Gen347.pcx	1	64	0	215	24	9	1	4	6	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____relieved_
348	Ewing,_H.B.	Gen348.pcx	1	100	0	215	24	9	1	2	5	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
349	Ewing,_T.Jr.	Gen349.pcx	1	44	0	215	10	9	1	4	4	4	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
350	Fairchild,_L.	Gen350.pcx	1	52	0	215	33	9	1	2	6	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____resigned_
351	Farnsworth,_E.J.	Gen351.pcx	1	66	0	215	7	9	1	3	6	3	3	3	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	12	2	0	0	0	nobio	cav____wp_
352	Ferrero,_E.	Gen352.pcx	1	58	0	215	22	9	1	4	4	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_dance_teacher____
353	Ferry,_O.S.	Gen353.pcx	1	40	0	215	3	9	1	3	6	3	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	6	24	0	0	nobio	____wp_
354	Fessenden,_F.	Gen354.pcx	1	28	0	215	13	9	1	3	2	4	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
355	Fessenden,_J.D.	Gen355.pcx	1	80	0	215	13	9	1	4	6	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
356	Fisk,_C.B.	Gen356.pcx	1	86	0	215	19	9	1	4	5	1	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	8	0	0	0	0	nobio	____pow_
357	Force,_M.F.	Gen357.pcx	1	44	0	215	24	9	1	3	5	4	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
358	Forsyth,_J.W.	Gen358.pcx	1	62	0	215	24	9	1	5	6	2	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	4	1	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
359	Foster,_J.G.	Gen359.pcx	1	91	0	215	0	9	1	3	3	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____relieved_
360	Foster,_R.S.	Gen360.pcx	1	18	0	215	8	9	1	5	4	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
361	Franklin,_W.B.	Gen361.pcx	1	0	0	88	25	18	1	4	4	2	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	18	0	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._William_Buel_Franklin_(b._1823,_d._1903)._The_star_of_the_U.S._Military_Academy_Class_of_1843,_Franklin_racked_up_an_impressive_career_in_the_U.S._Army_prior_to_the_Civil_War,_but_during_the_conflict_struggled_both_in_the_east_and_west._Born_in_York,_Pennsylvania_on_February_27,_1823,_Franklin_graduated_first_in_his_West_Point_class__well_ahead_of_Ulysses_S._Grant._Joining_the_Corps_of_Topographical_Engineers,_he_embarked_on_an_adventurous_career_as_an_engineer,_participating_in_the_Great_Lakes_survey_of_1843-45_and_joining_Philip_Kearneys_exploration_of_the_South_Pass_in_the_Rocky_Mountains._During_the_Mexican_War,_Franklin_saw_action_with_Gen._John_E._Wools_column;_at_Buena_Vista,_he_won_a_brevet_for_gallantry._After_the_war,_Franklin_headed_to_Washington,_D.C.,_where_he_headed_up_the_construction_of_the_new_Capitol_dome_and_Treasury_addition._At_the_start_of_the_Civil_War,_he_was_commissioned_Colonel_of_the_12th_U.S._Infantry_on_May_14,_1861_and_a_brigadier_general_of_volunteers_on_May_17._Commanding_a_brigade_in_Gen._Samuel_Heintzelmans_division_at_First_Bull_Run,_Franklin_went_into_battle_shorthanded,_with_just_two_Massachusetts_regiments,_the_1st_Minnesota_and_a_battery_of_the_1st_U.S._Artillery._Another_of_his_regiments,_the_4th_Pennsylvania,_claimed_its_discharge_on_the_morning_of_the_battle_despite_an_appeal_from_army_commander_Gen._Irvin_McDowell._That_September,_as_Washington_prepared_for_a_potential_attack,_Franklin_was_given_a_division_in_the_citys_defenses._During_the_Peninsular_Campaign_the_following_spring,_Franklin_led_his_division,_and_later_the_VI_Corps_(formed_May_18,_1862),_with_distinction;_following_this_campaign,_he_was_promoted_to_major_general,_on_July_4._During_the_Second_Bull_Run_Campaign_that_August,_Franklin_was_charged_by_Gen._John_Pope_with_failure_to_obey_orders,_though_the_charge_was_later_dropped._During_the_Maryland_Campaign_two_weeks_later,_Franklin_commanded_his_corps_at_South_Mountain,_successfully_penetrated_Cramptons_Gap_(but_failed_to_save_the_garrison_at_Harpers_Ferry),_and_played_a_limited_role_at_Antietam._Before_the_Battle_of_Fredericksburg_that_December,_new_Army_of_the_Potomac_commander_Gen._Ambrose_Burnside_selected_Franklin_to_command_the_Left_Grand_Division,_consisting_of_Gen._William_F._Smiths_VI_Corps_and_Gen._John_Reynolds_I_Corps._During_the_battle,_Franklin_executed_Burnsides_poorly_worded_orders_literally_and_attacked_with_too_few_divisions,_leading_to_a_total_repulse;_afterwards,_Burnside_blamed_Franklin_for_the_disaster,_claiming_he_disobeyed_the_orders._Pres._Abraham_Lincoln_refused_to_cashier_Franklin,_and_Burnside_eventually_was_relieved_of_army_command._But_Franklin_did_not_return_to_the_Army_of_the_Potomac,_either._After_being_tied_up_by_the_committee_on_the_conduct_of_the_war__which_scapegoated_him_because_he_was_a_friend_of_George_B._McClellan,_who_was_becoming_active_in_Democratic_politics__Franklin_was_finally_reassigned_to_command_the_XIX_Corps_in_the_Army_of_the_Gulf_midway_through_1863._This_unit_took_part_in_Gen._Nathaniel_P._Banks_Red_River_Campaign._Franklin_was_severely_wounded_at_the_Battle_of_Mansfield_during_this_campaign,_which_ended_in_another_Union_defeat._Disability_and_disfavor_kept_him_from_being_able_to_come_back_east_to_command_under_his_old_classmate,_Grant._The_end_of_the_war_found_Franklin_presiding_over_a_board_for_retiring_disabled_officers._In_civilian_life,_Franklin_achieved_the_greatness_he_missed_as_a_general:_for_22_years,_he_was_the_superintendent_of_Colts_Fire_Arms_Manufacturing_Company_in_Hartford,_excelling_as_an_engineer_and_administrator._He_also_supervised_the_construction_of_the_Connecticut_capitol,_and_was_a_presidential_elector_for_Samuel_Tilden_in_1876_and_commissioner_general_of_the_United_States_for_the_Paris_Exposition_of_1888._Franklin_died_in_Hartford_on_March_8,_1903._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_mex_engineer___
362	Fremont,_J.C.	Gen362.pcx	1	0	0	201	19	200	4	2	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._John_Charles_Fremont_(b._1813,_d._1890)._Born_in_Savannah,_Georgia,_Fremont_led_an_exciting_life_prior_to_the_Civil_War._He_got_his_start_leading_expeditions_in_the_American_West,_where_he_participated_in_the_surveying_of_land__opportunities_given_to_him_in_no_small_part_because_he_had_married_the_daughter_of_Missouri_Sen._Thomas_Hart_Benton,_the_great_champion_of_Manifest_Destiny_and_westward_expansion._His_exploits_were_well-documented_and_he_was_revered_nationally_as_The_Pathfinder._In_1846,_Fremont_was_appointed_Lieutenant_Colonel_of_the_U.S._Mounted_Rifles_and_participated_in_the_Mexican-American_War_in_numerous_battles_for_California._After_the_war,_he_was_appointed_the_military_governor_for_the_Territory_of_California._He_also_served_as_Senator_from_the_newly-formed_state_for_one_year._In_1856,_he_was_nominated_as_the_first_Republican_Party_candidate_for_President,_but_lost_to_Democrat_James_Buchanan._At_the_outset_of_the_Civil_War,_Fremont_was_appointed_Major_General_and_placed_in_the_command_of_the_Department_of_the_West_by_Pres._Abraham_Lincoln._His_forces_experienced_numerous_failures_under_his_command,_including_losses_at_the_battles_of_Wilson's_Creek_and_Liberty_that_summer._After_imposing_martial_law_in_Missouri,_Fremont_proceeded_to_confiscate_secessionists'_private_property_and_slaves._This_proclamation_was_eventually_rescinded_by_Lincoln,_who_feared_alienating_Missouri_and_other_slave-holding_border_states,_and_Fremont_was_then_relieved_of_his_command_on_November_2nd,_1861._Facing_more_political_pressure,_Lincoln_reappointed_Fremont_in_March_1862_as_the_commander_of_the_Mountain_Department_of_West_Virginia._Facing_off_against_Gen._Stonewall_Jackson_in_the_Shenandoah_Valley,_Fremont_suffered_numerous_losses._Once_his_command_was_placed_under_once-subordinate_Gen._John_Pope's_command,_Fremont_resigned._A_split_within_the_Republican_Party_gave_Fremont_another_opportunity_to_run_for_President_in_1864_as_the_leader_of_the_Radical_Republicans,_who_were_especially_devoted_to_the_cause_of_abolition._After_reconciling_their_differences_with_their_parent_party,_however,_the_Radical_Republicans_folded_before_the_election._Fremont_later_worked_in_the_railroad_industry_and_also_served_as_Governor_of_Arizona_Territory_for_three_years,_1878-1881._He_died_in_New_York_City_on_July_13,_1890,_having_fallen_on_hard_times_in_his_final_years._(Bio_by_Tom_Dean)	____surgeonledtroops_
363	French,_S.G.	Gen363.pcx	1	8	0	215	14	9	1	1	4	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	17	13	4	0	0	nobio	art_mex___resigned_
364	Fry,_J.B.	Gen364.pcx	1	16	0	215	7	9	1	3	5	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	16	0	0	0	0	nobio	art_mex___pow_
365	Fry,_S.S.	Gen365.pcx	1	78	0	215	11	9	1	4	6	3	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	2	0	0	0	nobio	____goodwp_
366	Fuller,_J.W.	Gen366.pcx	1	28	0	215	24	9	1	4	6	3	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____powwp_
367	Dana,_N.J.	Gen367.pcx	1	72	0	215	17	9	1	2	3	2	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___wp_
368	Davidson,_J.W.	Gen368.pcx	1	26	0	215	31	9	1	3	4	2	1	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	6	10	0	0	0	nobio	cav_____
369	Davies,_H.E.	Gen369.pcx	1	64	0	215	22	9	1	3	6	2	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	9	17	0	0	Maj._Gen._Henry_Eugene_Davies_(b._1836,_d._1894)._After_beginning_the_Civil_War_with_the_infantry_at_the_rank_of_captain,_Davies_spent_most_of_it_commanding_cavalry_forces_and_ultimately_rose_to_the_rank_of_major_general._Davies,_the_nephew_of_Gen._Thomas_A._Davies,_was_born_July_2,_1836,_in_New_York_City._He_received_education_at_Harvard,_Williams_and_Columbia_colleges,_graduating_from_Columbia_in_1859;_he_next_studied_law_and_gained_admission_to_the_state_bar._At_the_outbreak_of_the_Civil_War,_Davies_became_a_captain_in_the_5th_New_York_Infantry_Regiment,_first_seeing_action_at_the_Battle_of_Big_Bethel,_the_first_battle_of_the_war,_on_June_10,_1861._In_August,_he_was_appointed_major_of_the_2nd_New_York_Cavalry,_also_known_as_the_Harris_Light_Cavalry_in_honor_of_U.S._Senator_Ira_Harris._This_unit_was_attached_to_Gen._Irvin_McDowells_corps_on_the_Rappahannock_River_during_the_Peninsular_Campaign_of_1862,_and_later_saw_action_during_the_Second_Bull_Run_Campaign._Meanwhile,_Davies_continued_to_move_up_in_rank:_he_was_promoted_to_lieutenant_colonel_on_December_2,_1862,_and_on_June_16,_1863,_received_a_promotion_to_colonel_in_command_of_the_regiment._Soon_after,_the_unit_was_bloodied_in_fighting_at_Beverly_Ford_and_Aldie,_Virginia,_as_the_Confederates_initiated_the_Gettysburg_Campaign._During_the_fighting_in_Pennsylvania,_the_regiment_was_stationed_at_Westminster,_Maryland,_southeast_of_Gettysburg._Davies,_who_would_command_a_brigade_in_the_Cavalry_Corps_of_the_Army_of_the_Potomac_and_later_a_division,_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general_on_September_16,_1863._Serving_under_Gen._Hugh_J._Kilpatrick,_Davies_commanded_his_men_in_the_failed_Kilpatrick-Dahlgren_raid_towards_Richmond_in_early_1864,_and_later_that_year_fought_under_Gen._Philip_Sheridan_in_the_Shenandoah_Valley_Campaigns,_earning_a_brevet_promotion_to_major_general_on_October_1,_1864._Davies_was_wounded_at_Hatchers_Run_on_February_6,_1865._After_the_war,_Davies_received_a_promotion_to_full_major_general_on_May_4,_1865,_and_briefly_commanded_the_Middle_District_of_Alabama._He_resigned_from_the_army_in_January_of_1866,_returning_to_his_law_practice_in_New_York._He_was_the_citys_public_administrator_from_1866-69_and_assistant_district_attorney_for_the_southern_district_of_New_York_until_1872._Later_in_life,_Davies_became_an_author,_writing_several_books,_one_of_which_was_a_biography_of_Sheridan._Davies_died_in_Middleboro,_Massachusetts,_on_September_7,_1894._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	cav_____
370	Davies,_T.A.	Gen370.pcx	1	0	0	88	22	18	1	2	2	2	2	0	0	0	0	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._Thomas_Alfred_Davies_(b._1809,_d._1899)._Had_Davies_lived_today,_he_likely_would_have_been_an_infomercial_star._A_postwar_author,_Davies_wrote_How_to_Make_Money,_and_How_to_Keep_It,_Cosmogony:_Or_Mysteries_of_Creation,_and_Genesis_Disclosed,_among_his_works._Davies,_uncle_of_Union_Gen._Henry_E._Davies,_was_born_on_December_3,_1809,_on_a_farm_in_St._Lawrence_County,_New_York._He_received_a_common_school_education_before_receiving_an_appointment_to_the_U.S._Military_Academy_at_the_age_of_sixteen._Davies_graduated_25th_in_the_West_Point_Class_of_1829,_a_class_that_included_Robert_E._Lee_and_Joseph_E._Johnston._Davies_was_assigned_to_the_frontier_and_served_in_Wisconsin_until_resigning_in_1831._He_later_became_a_civil_engineer_on_the_Croton_Aqueduct,_which_was_being_built_to_supply_water_to_the_city_of_New_York._From_1841_until_the_outbreak_of_the_Civil_War,_Davies_was_a_merchant_in_New_York._With_the_start_of_the_war,_he_went_back_into_the_army,_gaining_an_appointment_to_Colonel_of_the_16th_New_York_Infantry_Regiment._At_the_First_Battle_of_Bull_Run_on_July_21,_1861,_Davies_commanded_the_2nd_Brigade__which_consisted_of_his_own_regiment_as_well_as_the_18th,_31st_and_32nd_New_York_and_Battery_G,_Second_U.S._Artillery__in_Col._Dixon_S._Miless_5th_Division._This_division_was_kept_in_reserve_during_the_battle,_but_during_the_precipitous_retreat_back_to_the_capital_it_served_as_a_rear_guard._Following_the_battle,_Davies_and_his_men_served_in_the_Washington,_D.C._defensive_lines,_being_stationed_at_Alexandria,_Virginia._Davies_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general_of_volunteers_on_March_7,_1862._Sent_west,_Davies_commanded_troops_in_the_Corinth_Campaign_during_April-May_1862_and_later_in_the_Battle_of_Corinth_on_October_3-4._From_that_point_on,_instead_of_serving_on_the_front_lines_he_commanded_districts_in_Columbus,_Kentucky_(1862-63),_Rolla,_Missouri_(1863-64)_and_North_Kansas_(1864-85)_before_returning_to_New_York._Davies_was_mustered_out_of_service_with_a_brevet_promotion_to_major_general_on_August_24,_1865._Davies_died_near_Ogdensburg,_New_York,_in_St._Lawrence_County,_on_August_19,_1899,_and_was_buried_in_the_family_cemetery._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	____pruss_army_
371	Davis,_E.J.	Gen371.pcx	1	28	0	215	29	9	1	4	3	2	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	23	15	0	0	0	nobio	cav_____
372	Davis,_J.C.	Gen372.pcx	1	92	0	215	8	9	1	4	4	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	9	1	0	0	0	nobio	art_mex____
373	Deitzler,_G.W.	Gen373.pcx	1	44	0	126	10	9	1	3	1	2	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._George_Washington_Deitzler_(b._1826,_d._1884)._One_of_the_prominent_figures_of_the_Free_Stater_movement_in_Kansas,_Deitzler_led_troops_of_the_Sunflower_State_during_the_Civil_War._Born_at_Pine_Grove,_Pennsylvania,_he_moved_to_Kansas_after_graduating_from_school._He_supported_the_Free_Staters_from_the_outset_and_was_nominated_to_represent_them_as_a_delegate_to_the_Topeka_Constitutional_Convention_of_October-November_1855,_which_created_for_Kansas_its_first_attempt_at_a_constitution__and_one_that_banned_slavery_from_the_territory._After_elections_under_the_constitution_were_held_on_January_15,_1856_and_elected_a_governor,_Charles_L._Robinson,_Pres._Franklin_Pierce_in_response_declared_the_convention_to_be_revolutionary_and_ordered_the_arrest_of_its_leaders._Deitzler_was_one_of_the_seven_radicals_who_were_arrested_by_Federal_troops_in_May_1856_and_charged_with_high_treason._The_prisoners_were_taken_from_Lawrence_to_Lecompton_and_held_in_a_camp_for_several_months._After_his_release,_Deitzler_served_as_a_member_of_the_Kansas_House_of_Representatives,_becoming_Speaker_and_in_that_capacity_overseeing_the_controversial_voting_on_the_pro-slavery_Lecompton_Constitution_that_took_place_in_December_1857_and_twice_more_in_1858._Subsequently,_Deitzler_was_elected_mayor_of_Lawrence._Made_Colonel_of_the_1st_Kansas_Infantry_at_the_beginning_of_the_Civil_War,_Dieztler_led_the_4th_Brigade_under_Gen._Nathaniel_Lyon_at_Wilsons_Creek,_the_first_major_battle_west_of_the_Mississippi_River,_on_August_10,_1861,_and_was_seriously_wounded_in_the_Unions_failed_attempt_to_drive_the_Confederates_from_Missouri._Although_he_never_fully_recovered_from_the_wound,_Deitzler_continued_to_serve_in_the_army._In_November_1862,_he_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general_of_volunteers,_and_led_a_brigade_in_Gen._Ulysses_S._Grants_Vicksburg_Campaign_the_next_year._Still_suffering_from_the_wound_he_had_received_at_Wilsons_Creek_two_years_earlier,_Deitzler_resigned_his_commission_after_the_stronghold_on_the_Mississippi_River_fell._However,_his_service_for_the_Union_did_not_stop_at_that_point,_since_Deitzler_served_as_major_general_of_the_Kansas_militia_from_1864._In_that_capacity_he_led_some_10,000_men_in_support_of_Gen._Samuel_R._Curtiss_Army_of_the_Border_to_defend_Missouri_and_Kansas_against_Gen._Sterling_Prices_raid_in_fall_of_1864._Price_was_finally_defeated_at_Westport,_Missouri_on_October_23,_and_Deitzler_had_seen_his_last_fight._After_the_war,_he_worked_as_a_railroad_promoter._On_April_11,_1884,_Deitzler_was_killed_when_he_was_thrown_from_a_carriage_at_Tucson,_Arizona._(Bio_by_Joern_Kaesebier)	____wp_
374	Delafield,_R.	Gen374.pcx	1	44	0	215	22	9	1	4	7	4	3	0	1	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	__engineer__2nd_inclasswp_
375	Dennis,_E.S.	Gen375.pcx	1	78	0	215	7	9	1	5	5	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
376	Dent,_F.T.	Gen376.pcx	1	44	0	215	0	9	1	3	4	1	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	23	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex____
377	Denver,_J.W.	Gen377.pcx	1	100	0	215	24	9	1	3	2	3	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
378	De_Russy,_G.A.	Gen378.pcx	1	14	0	215	22	9	1	2	2	2	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	nobio	art____wp_
379	De_Trobriand,_P.R.	Gen379.pcx	1	56	0	215	22	9	1	3	4	2	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
380	Devens,_C.Jr.	Gen380.pcx	1	72	0	215	15	9	1	3	5	5	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	7	13	16	0	0	nobio	____wp_
381	Devin,_T.C.	Gen381.pcx	1	30	0	215	22	9	1	3	5	4	3	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav____medal_of_honor_
382	Dewey,_J.A.	Gen382.pcx	1	54	0	215	24	9	1	4	6	4	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
383	Dix,_J.A.	Gen383.pcx	1	9	0	215	22	9	1	3	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._John_Adams_Dix_(b._1798,_d._1879)._Considered_too_old_for_field_duty_during_the_Civil_War,_Dixs_service_was_limited_to_commanding_military_districts_well_away_from_the_fighting,_and_it_was_in_this_capacity_that_he_made_his_chief_contribution_by_suppressing_the_1863_New_York_draft_riots._Dix_was_born_in_Boscawen,_New_Hampshire,_on_July_24,_1798._His_father,_who_ensured_that_his_son_received_a_top-notch_education_that_was_the_foundation_for_much_of_his_later_success,_was_Lt._Col._Timothy_Dix,_Jr.,_who_died_during_the_War_of_1812._Helped_to_secure_a_commission_by_his_father,_Dix_entered_the_military_as_a_cadet_during_the_War_of_1812,_fighting_in_the_Battle_of_Lundys_Lane_as_an_ensign_while_still_just_fourteen_years_old._Dix_stayed_in_the_army_for_more_than_a_decade_after_the_conflict_ended,_leaving_at_the_rank_of_major_in_1828._During_that_time,_he_had_studied_law_and_had_been_admitted_to_the_District_of_Columbia_bar._After_leaving_the_army,_Dix_moved_to_Cooperstown,_New_York,_and_managed_the_properties_of_his_father-in-law._Dix_entered_politics_at_the_county_level_as_a_Jackson_Democrat_and_ascended_through_the_government._He_served_as_state_adjutant_general,_secretary_of_state_and_state_schools_superintendent._He_was_a_member_of_the_Albany_Regency,_the_states_machine_that_controlled_most_state-level_politics,_and_in_1845_was_elected_to_fill_an_unexpired_U.S._Senate_term._As_a_senator,_Dix_was_a_supporter_of_free-soil_politics,_which_eventually_led_to_his_leaving_the_Democratic_Party._After_his_term_ended,_he_served_as_the_president_of_two_railroads_and_practiced_law_in_New_York_City._Dix_was_appointed_New_York_City_postmaster_by_Pres._James_Buchanan_and_tasked_with_cleaning_up_a_financial_scandal,_and_later_was_promoted_to_be_Secretary_of_the_Treasury_during_the_final_months_of_Buchanans_administration._With_the_Civil_War_looming,_Dix_sent_a_telegram_to_the_Treasury_Departments_office_in_New_Orleans_with_the_instruction,_If_anyone_attempts_to_haul_down_the_American_Flag,_shoot_him_on_the_spot._Pres._Abraham_Lincoln_commissioned_Dix_as_a_major_general_of_New_York_State_troops_and_U.S._Volunteers_on_May_16,_1861,_and_he_remained_the_top-ranked_volunteer_officer_through_the_war._Dix_was_initially_considered_for_command_of_the_Department_of_Alexandria_and_Arlington,_a_potentially_frontline_post,_but_the_administration_soon_reversed_its_decision_out_of_concern_over_his_age._Instead,_he_was_given_a_series_of_commands_in_less_active_areas._During_July-August_1861,_Dix_commanded_the_Department_of_Annapolis_(July_19-July_25)_and_then_the_Department_of_Pennsylvania_(July_25-August_24)._In_1862,_Dix_was_named_to_command_the_Middle_Department,_which_included_New_Jersey,_Pennsylvania,_and_the_Delaware/Maryland/Virginia_peninsula_(March_22-June_9)_and_then_the_Department_of_Virginia_(June_17,_1862-July_15,_1863._He_finished_the_war_commanding_the_Department_of_the_East,_from_July_18,_1863__the_day_after_the_New_York_Draft_Riots_were_suppressed__until_June_27,_1865._After_the_war,_Dix_resigned_his_commission_in_November_1865._Returning_to_public_service,_he_was_minister_to_France_from_1866-69,_and_in_1872_was_elected_governor_of_New_York._Dix_served_as_governor_for_only_two_years,_being_defeated_for_reelection_in_1874_by_Samuel_J._Tilden._Dix_died_in_New_York_City_on_April_21,_1879,_and_was_buried_in_Trinity_Cemetery._Today,_Dixs_military_and_political_careers_are_still_commemorated_by_the_U.S._Army,_which_named_in_his_honor_Fort_Dix,_an_important_base_in_New_Jersey._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_____
384	Dodge,_C.C.	Gen384.pcx	1	8	0	215	22	9	1	3	4	2	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav____resignedwp_
385	Dodge,_G.M.	Gen385.pcx	1	44	0	215	9	9	1	3	4	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	19	13	0	0	0	nobio	__engineer___
386	Doolittle,_C.C.	Gen386.pcx	1	28	0	215	16	9	1	4	4	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
388	Dow,_N.	Gen388.pcx	1	96	0	215	13	9	1	3	6	2	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
389	Duffie,_A.N.	Gen389.pcx	1	30	0	215	22	9	1	3	5	2	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav____wp_
390	Salomon,_F.	Gen390.pcx	1	34	0	215	33	9	1	4	4	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	23	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Friedrich_Salomon_(b._1826,_d._1897)._Four_brothers_of_the_Salomon_family_supported_the_Union_in_the_Civil_War:_Edward_became_governor_of_Wisconsin,_while_the_other_three_served_as_officers_in_the_army,_and_the_highest_ranking_of_them_was_Friedrich._He_was_born_in_Halberstadt,_Prussia_in_the_Jewish_family_of_the_Salomons._During_his_studies_of_architecture_in_Berlin_he_came_into_contact_with_liberal_ideas_and_subsequently_joined_the_German_Revolution_of_1848._In_its_aftermath_he_had_to_flee_the_country._After_his_immigration_to_the_United_States,_Salomon_settled_in_Manitowoc,_Wisconsin,_where_he_worked_as_chief_engineer_for_the_local_railroad_before_moving_to_St._Louis_in_1860._At_the_outbreak_of_the_Civil_War,_he_was_commissioned_a_captain_in_the_5th_Missouri_Infantry_and_fought_under_Gen._Franz_Sigel,_a_fellow_German,_in_the_Battle_of_Wilsons_Creek_in_August_1861._With_the_help_of_his_brother_Edward,_Salomon_raised_the_9th_Wisconsin_Regiment_and_was_made_its_colonel_that_November._This_unit_served_garrison_duty_at_Fort_Scott,_Kansas._Salomon_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general_in_June_1862_and_put_in_command_of_the_1st_Kansas_Volunteers._This_unit_was_blooded_and_forced_back_in_a_skirmish_in_September_while_on_duty_in_Missouri,_and_saw_their_first_real_battle_on_December_7_at_Prairie_Grove,_Arkansas__a_victory_that_secured_the_northwest_part_of_the_state_for_the_Union._Salomon_rose_to_division_command_in_July_1863,_just_in_time_for_the_successful_defense_of_Helena,_Arkansas_against_a_Confederate_attack,_for_which_Salomon_deserved_much_credit._For_his_performance,_Salomon_replaced_Gen._Benjamin_Prentiss_as_commander_of_the_District_of_Eastern_Tennessee_a_month_later._However,_Salomon_did_not_stay_long,_but_was_sent_to_Little_Rock_in_September_to_take_command_of_the_3d_Division_in_the_Army_of_Arkansas._In_that_capacity,_he_served_in_Gen._Frederick_Steeles_Camden_Expedition_into_southern_and_central_Arkansas,_lasting_from_March_23_to_May_2,_1864._At_the_Battle_of_Jenkins_Ferry,_Salomon_commanded_the_rearguard_that_saved_most_of_Steeles_army_while_crossing_the_swollen_Saline_River_in_the_aftermath_of_defeats_at_Marks_Mills_and_Poison_Spring._It_was_to_be_his_last_battle,_as_Salomon_saw_little_action_for_the_rest_of_the_war._Brevetted_major_general,_he_was_mustered_out_in_August_1865._After_the_war,_he_served_as_surveyor_general_of_Missouri_and_Utah_Territory._Salomon_died_in_Salt_Lake_City_on_March_8,_1897._(Bio_by_Joern_Kaesebier)	_____
391	Sanborn,_J.B.	Gen391.pcx	1	34	0	215	17	9	1	3	3	2	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
392	Sanders,_W.P.	Gen392.pcx	1	62	0	215	11	9	1	3	3	3	4	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	11	9	0	0	nobio	_____
393	Saxton,_R.	Gen393.pcx	1	66	0	215	15	9	1	6	3	5	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	fmn_soldiers_____
394	Scammon,_E.P.	Gen394.pcx	1	30	0	215	24	9	1	3	3	1	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4	15	0	0	0	nobio	_____
395	Schenck,_R.C.	Gen395.pcx	1	0	39	88	24	18	1	2	2	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._Robert_Cumming_Schenck_(b._1809,_d._1890)._A_close_political_ally_of_Pres._Abraham_Lincoln,_Schenck_served_only_the_first_half_of_the_war_as_a_commander_before_returning_to_politics._Born_in_Franklin,_Ohio_to_William_C._Schenck,_the_towns_founder_and_a_general_in_the_War_of_1812,_Schenck_studied_arts_at_Miami_University_in_Oxford,_Ohio,_but_instead_chose_a_legal_career._As_a_member_of_the_Whig_Party_he_was_elected_to_the_U.S._House_of_Representatives_four_times,_serving_from_1843_to_1851._After_three_years_as_Minister_to_Brazil,_Schenck_returned_to_Ohio._While_he_disliked_John_C._Fremont_and_thus_had_not_supported_his_presidential_campaign_in_1856,_Schenck_became_a_Republican_nevertheless._He_was_one_of_the_first_to_advocate_Lincolns_nomination_as_the_partys_presidential_candidate_in_1859_and_helped_him_to_win_in_1860._Despite_his_lack_of_military_experience,_at_the_outbreak_of_war_Lincoln_rewarded_Schenck_with_an_appointment_to_brigadier_general_of_volunteers_on_June_5,_1861_(dating_from_May_17),_telling_him,_I_want_to_make_a_general_out_of_you._Commanding_a_brigade_of_Ohio_regiments,_Schencks_first_military_action_was_a_reconnaissance_move_towards_Vienna,_Virginia_by_rail_on_June_17._His_troops_were_ambushed_but_avoided_capture_since_the_Confederates_believed_them_to_be_an_advance_guard,_and_escaped_the_skirmish_with_just_twelve_casualties__but_Schencks_reputation_was_badly_damaged._At_the_First_Battle_of_Bull_Run_a_month_later,_Schencks_brigade,_serving_in_Gen._Nathaniel_Tylers_division,_was_held_in_reserve_opposite_the_Stone_Bridge_and_thus_did_not_participate_in_the_fighting_around_Henry_House_Hill._His_men_did_at_least_retreat_in_good_order_when_the_battle_was_lost,_unlike_many_of_their_comrades._Assigned_to_western_Virginia,_Schenck_had_to_fight_under_his_old_political_enemy_Fremont._On_May_8,_1862,_Schenck_was_attacked_by_Gen._Thomas_Stonewall_Jackson_at_McDowell_and_defeated._One_month_later,_Schenck_was_ordered_by_Fremont_to_attack_Jackson_at_Cross_Keys,_but_was_repulsed._When_Gen._John_Pope_organized_his_Army_of_Virginia,_Schenck_was_given_a_division_in_the_I_Corps._Fighting_at_Second_Bull_Run_(August_29-30,_1862),_he_received_a_crippling_wound_in_his_right_arm_while_leading_an_attack_on_Jacksons_men._Though_the_assault_was_not_a_success,_Schenck_was_promoted_to_major_general_of_volunteers_on_September_18_(dating_from_August_30)._Unfit_for_field_duties,_after_recuperating_he_was_put_in_command_of_the_Middle_Military_Department,_where_his_task_was_to_suppress_pro-Southern_sentiments_in_Maryland,_though_he_actually_inflamed_them;_his_greatest_failure_in_this_post,_however,_involved_his_decision_not_to_act_when_he_received_intelligence_that_the_Army_of_Northern_Virginia_was_approaching_Winchester,_which_subsequently_fell._In_the_election_of_1862,_Schenck_was_nominated_by_the_Ohio_Republicans_and_won_a_seat_in_the_House_of_Representatives_over_the_incumbent,_famed_Copperhead_Clement_Vallandigham._He_remained_in_Congress_until_1871_when,_having_failed_to_win_reelection,_he_was_appointed_by_Pres._Ulysses_S._Grant_as_Minister_to_Great_Britain._The_ambassador_became_very_popular_in_England_when_a_duchess_published_his_rules_for_poker__the_first_book_ever_that_only_dealt_with_draw_poker._While_in_England,_Schenck_was_caught_up_in_a_major_fraud_scandal_associated_with_the_Emma_Mine_in_Utah:_Schenck,_capitalizing_on_his_popularity,_had_been_involved_in_encouraging_investment_in_the_silver_mine,_and_when_it_was_quickly_exhausted_he_was_blamed_and_had_to_return_to_the_United_States_in_1876._A_congressional_investigation_exonerated_him,_but_his_political_career_was_over._Schenck_published_another_book_on_poker_before_he_died_in_1890._He_is_buried_in_Dayton,_Ohio._His_eldest_brother,_James_Findlay_Schenck,_served_in_the_navy_during_the_war_and_later_became_a_rear_admiral._(Bio_by_Joern_Kaesebier)	___draw_poker__
396	Schimmelfennig,_A.	Gen396.pcx	1	44	102	215	25	9	1	3	2	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Alexander_Schimmelfennig_(b._1824,_d._1865)._Schimmelfennig_was_born_in_the_Prussian_province_of_Posen._He_enlisted_in_the_Kingdoms_army_at_the_age_of_seventeen_and_served_with_the_infantry_in_the_East_and_West,_where_he_came_under_the_influence_of_radical_political_philosophies,_such_as_Democracy_and_Communism._His_first_action_was_during_the_Schleswig-Holstein_War_of_March_1848,_in_which_he_fought_with_distinction._But_as_the_armistice_in_September_left_the_Germans_in_the_region_under_Danish_rule,_he_resigned_from_the_army._Schimmelfennig_supported_the_idea_of_German_unification_and_therefore_endorsed_the_Revolution_of_1848-49._When_Prussian_troops_ended_the_revolution,_he_fought_against_his_former_comrades__Friedrich_Engels_served_under_him__but_lost,_and_was_wounded_twice._August_von_Willich,_another_future_Union_general,_saved_him,_and_they_stayed_with_the_revolutionary_army_until_its_retreat_to_Switzerland._There,_Schimmelfennig_met_Carl_Schurz__who,_likewise,_would_become_a_Union_general,_as_well_as_a_prominent_political_leader__and_went_with_him_and_Willich_to_London._Tried_in_absentia_and_sentenced_to_death_for_his_role_in_the_revolution,_Schimmelfennig_could_not_return_to_Germany,_so_he_emigrated_to_the_United_States_in_1854,_becoming_a_civilian_engineer_in_the_army._When_the_Civil_War_broke_out_he_tried_to_raise_an_all-German_cavalry_regiment_with_Schurz;_when_this_failed_he_tried_to_raise_an_infantry_regiment,_but_fell_ill_with_small_pox._The_regiment,_officially_designated_the_74th_Pennsylvania_Volunteer_Infantry_Regiment,_was_raised_by_friends_of_his,_and_after_recovering_Schimmelfennig_led_it_as_colonel,_seeing_action_at_the_Battles_of_Cross_Keys_and_Freemans_Ford._He_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general_in_November_1862_and_was_in_command_of_a_brigade_at_the_Battle_of_Second_Bull_Run._Schimmelfennigs_worst_moment_came_at_Chancellorsville_when_Gen._Thomas_Stonewall_Jacksons_attack_crushed_the_XI_Corps,_to_which_Schimmelfennigs_brigade_was_assigned._At_Gettysburg_the_first_brigade_of_Schurz_3rd_Division_of_the_XI_Corps_was_badly_beaten_on_the_first_day,_July_1,_1863,_by_Gen._Richard_S._Ewells_I_Corps_while_covering_the_retreat_of_the_rest_of_the_division._When_Schimmelfennig_tried_to_rally_his_men_in_the_overcrowded_streets_of_Gettysburg_he_came_close_to_being_captured,_but_since_he_was_dressed_in_casual_military_dress_with_his_rank_not_apparent,_he_was_able_to_escape_the_enemy_and_hide_in_the_kitchen_garden_of_the_Garlach_family._Schimmelfennig_rejoined_his_brigade_on_July_4,_the_day_after_the_Confederate_retreat_from_Gettysburg._Detached_to_the_western_theater_along_with_the_rest_of_the_XI_Corps_that_fall,_Schimmelfennig_fought_well_in_the_battles_for_Chattanooga._During_Gen._William_T._Shermans_March_to_the_Sea,_Schimmelfennig_accepted_the_surrender_of_Charleston,_where_the_war_had_started_with_the_bombardment_of_Fort_Sumter._Unfortunately,_Schimmelfennig_became_ill_in_the_swamps_and_marshes_of_South_Carolina_and_died_from_tuberculosis_in_September_1865,_near_Reading,_Pennsylvania._His_tombstone_there_reads_in_part:_A_German_by_birth;_an_American_in_death._(Bio_by_Joern_Kaesebier)	_____
397	Schoepf,_A.	Gen397.pcx	1	17	55	215	11	9	1	3	3	3	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	18	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Albin_Francisco_Schoepf_(b._1822,_d._1886)._Born_in_Hungary,_Schoepf_graduated_from_the_Vienna_military_academy_before_joining_the_Prussian_Army._In_the_Revolution_of_1848_he_sided_with_the_revolutionaries_and_fought_under_Lajos_Kossuth_for_an_independent_Hungary._When_the_attempt_failed,_Schoepf_fled_to_the_Ottoman_Empire_where_he_worked_as_military_advisor._During_the_1850s_he_emigrated_to_the_United_States_and_worked_for_the_U.S._Patent_Office._At_the_outbreak_of_the_Civil_War,_he_offered_his_services_to_the_Union_army_and_was_commissioned_a_brigadier_general_of_volunteers_in_September_1861._His_first_assignment_was_in_Kentucky,_where_he_fought_against_Gen._Felix_K._Zollicoffer_in_a_skirmish_near_Camp_Wildcat_on_October_21,_the_first_engagement_of_regular_troops_in_Kentucky._At_the_Battle_of_Mill_Springs_on_January_19,_1862,_only_part_of_Schoepfs_brigade_managed_to_cross_the_swollen_Fishing_Creek_and_join_the_battle;_despite_this,_the_Union_achieved_its_first_significant_victory_of_the_war,_providing_a_major_boost_to_morale_until_the_taking_of_Fort_Henry_and_Fort_Donelson_a_month_later_overshadowed_the_achievement._That_September,_Schoepf_was_entrusted_a_division_in_the_III_Corps_of_the_Army_of_the_Ohio,_which_he_led_at_Perryville,_the_bloodiest_battle_fought_in_Kentucky,_on_October_8._Due_to_an_acoustic_shadow_(i.e.,_a_phenomenon_linked_to_topographical_obstructions_or_wind_currents_that_deadened_sound_waves_and_thus_could_make_even_the_sounds_of_battle_inaudible),_the_army_commander,_Gen._Don_Carlos_Buell,_needed_a_long_time_to_realize_that_the_fight_was_on_and_thus_did_not_order_the_III_Corps_forward._In_November,_Schoepf_asked_to_be_relieved_from_field_service,_probably_for_personal_reasons._From_April_1863_until_the_end_of_the_war_he_was_in_charge_of_the_prison_camp_of_Fort_Delaware_on_Pea_Patch_Island,_where_the_Confederate_prisoners_called_him_General_Terror._Despite_his_and_the_camps_reputation,_the_records_show_that_his_administration_of_the_camp_was_proper_and_the_death_rate_in_fact_lower_than_in_other_Union_prison_camps._In_January_1866,_when_the_last_prisoner_(Burton_S._Harrison,_Jefferson_Davis_personal_secretary)_was_released,_Schoepf_was_mustered_out_and_resumed_his_work_for_the_Patent_Office._He_died_at_Hyattsville,_Maryland_in_1886_and_was_buried_in_Congressional_Cemetery,_Washington_D.C._(Bio_by_Joern_Kaesebier)	ran_prison____powwp_graduate_vienna_military_academy,_hungarian_refugee,_military_advisor_ottoman_army
398	Schofield,_J.M.	Gen398.pcx	1	16	0	215	19	9	1	7	6	3	5	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	6	12	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
399	Gamble,_W.	Gen399.pcx	1	20	0	215	7	9	1	3	2	3	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav__engineer___
400	Garfield,_J.A.	Gen400.pcx	1	94	0	215	24	9	1	3	4	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	20	0	0	nobio	_____
401	Garrard,_K.	Gen401.pcx	1	24	0	215	11	9	1	2	5	5	4	4	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	17	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav____wp_
402	Garrard,_T.T.	Gen402.pcx	1	60	0	215	11	9	1	3	6	4	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____medal_of_honor_
403	Geary,_J.W.	Gen403.pcx	1	44	0	215	25	9	1	4	5	2	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___wp_
404	Getty,_G.W.	Gen404.pcx	1	38	0	215	0	9	1	3	2	4	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	11	0	0	0	nobio	art_mex___wp_
405	Gibbon,_J.	Gen405.pcx	1	40	0	215	23	9	1	2	3	4	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	art___wrote_artillery_manual__
406	Gibbs,_A.	Gen406.pcx	1	32	0	215	22	9	1	3	3	2	4	3	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav_mex___wp_
407	Gilbert,_C.C.	Gen407.pcx	1	90	0	215	22	9	1	3	5	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	17	12	0	0	0	nobio	_____
408	Gilbert,_J.I.	Gen408.pcx	1	40	0	215	9	9	1	3	5	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	1	0	0	0	nobio	_____
409	Gillem,_A.C.	Gen409.pcx	1	98	0	215	28	9	1	4	3	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	___quartermaster__
410	Gillmore,_Q.A.	Gen410.pcx	1	62	0	215	22	9	1	3	3	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	__engineer__relieved_
411	Gordon,_G.H.	Gen411.pcx	1	30	0	215	15	9	1	2	4	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex____
412	Gorman,_W.A.	Gen412.pcx	1	34	0	215	17	9	1	4	6	2	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	16	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___wp_
413	Graham,_C.K.	Gen413.pcx	1	16	0	215	22	9	1	3	6	4	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	__gunboats__cm_
414	Graham,_L.P.	Gen414.pcx	1	44	0	215	31	9	1	5	4	3	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	12	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav____top10wp_
415	Granger,_G.	Gen415.pcx	1	14	0	215	24	9	1	3	6	3	1	5	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	4	25	1	0	0	nobio	cav____wp_
416	Granger,_R.S.	Gen416.pcx	1	40	0	215	11	9	1	4	5	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
417	Grant,_L.A.	Gen417.pcx	1	42	0	215	30	9	1	4	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
419	Greene,_G.S.	Gen419.pcx	1	78	0	215	22	9	1	4	4	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	13	6	0	0	nobio	_____
421	Gresham,_W.Q.	Gen421.pcx	1	30	0	215	8	9	1	2	3	4	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____powwp_
422	Grierson,_B.H.	Gen422.pcx	1	62	0	215	7	9	1	8	6	4	4	5	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav____1812wp_
423	Griffin,_C.	Gen423.pcx	1	58	0	215	22	9	1	3	6	4	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	0	0	0	0	nobio	art_mex___wp_
424	Griffin,_S.G.	Gen424.pcx	1	34	0	215	20	9	1	4	5	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	18	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
425	Grose,_W.	Gen425.pcx	1	80	0	215	8	9	1	5	6	2	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____medal_of_honorwp_
426	Grover,_C.	Gen426.pcx	1	84	0	215	13	9	1	4	5	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
427	Hackelman,_P.A.	Gen427.pcx	1	30	0	215	8	9	1	2	5	4	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____poorwp_
429	Hamblin,_J.E.	Gen429.pcx	1	30	0	215	22	9	1	2	5	1	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	12	0	0	0	nobio	_____
430	Hamilton,_A.J.	Gen430.pcx	1	91	0	215	29	9	1	3	5	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
431	Hamilton,_C.S.	Gen431.pcx	1	44	0	215	33	9	1	3	5	5	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	3	-1	0	0	0	nobio	_____
432	Hamilton,_S.	Gen432.pcx	1	8	0	215	22	9	1	3	3	2	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____3rdinclasswp_
433	Hamlin,_C.	Gen433.pcx	1	20	0	215	13	9	1	3	5	4	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wpcolored_
434	Hammond,_W.A.	Gen434.pcx	1	94	0	215	14	9	1	1	6	1	3	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	nobio	surgeon_general____wp_
436	Hardie,_J.A.	Gen436.pcx	1	30	0	215	0	9	1	3	3	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	7	9	6	0	0	nobio	_____
437	Hardin,_M.D.	Gen437.pcx	1	44	0	215	25	9	1	4	2	4	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	art_____
438	Harding,_A.C.	Gen438.pcx	1	84	0	215	7	9	1	5	5	4	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
439	Harker,_C.G.	Gen439.pcx	1	52	0	215	24	9	1	4	4	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	9	9	0	0	0	nobio	_____
440	Harland,_E.	Gen440.pcx	1	64	0	215	3	9	1	3	4	2	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
441	Harney,_W.S.	Gen441.pcx	1	44	0	215	19	9	1	3	3	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	12	0	0	0	0	nobio	_suspeced_southern_sympathy___wp_
442	Harris,_T.M.	Gen442.pcx	1	0	0	215	31	9	1	4	5	3	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	23	0	0	0	nobio	_____
443	Harrow,_W.	Gen443.pcx	1	91	0	215	8	9	1	5	6	2	5	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	9	1	0	0	0	nobio	____illwp1st_
444	Hartranft,_J.F.	Gen444.pcx	1	44	0	215	25	9	1	4	4	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	7	23	24	0	0	nobio	_____
445	Hartsuff,_G.L.	Gen445.pcx	1	80	0	215	16	9	1	2	4	4	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	25	23	0	0	nobio	____wp_
446	Hascall,_M.S.	Gen446.pcx	1	30	0	215	8	9	1	3	3	4	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	art_____
447	Haskin,_J.A.	Gen447.pcx	1	30	0	215	22	9	1	3	5	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	art_mex___pow_
448	Hatch,_E.	Gen448.pcx	1	86	0	215	9	9	1	4	4	2	4	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	18	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
449	Hatch,_J.P.	Gen449.pcx	1	78	0	215	22	9	1	4	5	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav_____
450	Haupt,_H.	Gen450.pcx	1	16	0	215	25	9	1	4	5	1	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	9	0	0	0	0	nobio	_railroad____
451	Hawkins,_J.P.	Gen451.pcx	1	40	0	215	8	9	1	5	5	2	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	7	14	0	0	0	nobio	_quartermaster____
452	Hawley,_J.R.	Gen452.pcx	1	54	0	215	3	9	1	3	6	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	23	2	0	0	nobio	_____
453	Hayes,_J.	Gen453.pcx	1	88	0	215	15	9	1	5	5	2	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
454	Hayes,_R.B.	Gen454.pcx	1	80	0	215	24	9	1	4	5	5	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4	0	0	0	0	nobio	____medal_of_honor_
455	Haynie,_I.N.	Gen455.pcx	1	90	0	215	7	9	1	3	5	0	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___wp_
456	Hays,_A.	Gen456.pcx	1	44	0	215	25	9	1	2	5	1	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	7	0	0	0	0	nobio	__engineer___
457	Hays,_W.	Gen457.pcx	1	40	0	215	28	9	1	3	4	0	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	art_mex____
458	Hazen,_W.B.	Gen458.pcx	1	44	0	215	24	9	1	5	6	3	4	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	2	18	10	0	0	nobio	____wp1st_
459	Heckman,_C.A.	Gen459.pcx	1	44	0	215	25	9	1	2	3	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	18	15	24	0	0	nobio	____relieved_
460	Heintzelman,_S.P.	Gen460.pcx	1	0	0	88	25	200	2	4	3	2	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	0	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._Samuel_Peter_Heintzelman_(b._1805,_d._1880)._Early_in_the_Civil_War,_Heintzelman_was_a_stalwart_among_Union_commanders,_but_after_the_Second_Bull_Run_Campaign,_he_was_relegated_to_commanding_portions_of_the_Washington,_D.C._defenses_and_holding_other_garrison_duties_for_the_rest_of_the_war._Born_in_Manheim,_Pennsylvania,_on_September_30,_1805,_Heintzelman_began_his_lengthy_military_career_by_being_appointed_to_the_U.S._Military_Academy_at_the_age_of_17._He_graduated_in_the_Class_of_1826_and_embarked_on_an_early_career_of_routine_military_duties._During_the_Mexican_War,_he_got_his_chance_for_battlefield_service,_winning_a_brevet_to_major_for_gallantry_at_the_Battle_of_Huamantla._In_1851,_he_won_another_brevet_while_serving_in_the_Southwest._At_the_outbreak_of_the_Civil_War,_Heintzelman_was_selected_as_Lieutenant_Colonel_of_the_17th_Infantry_on_May_14,_1861;_three_days_later,_Heintzelman_was_named_a_brigadier_general_of_volunteers._At_First_Bull_Run,_Heintzelman_gave_his_own_blood_while_trying_to_rally_his_broken_3rd_Division._He_reported:_Such_a_rout_I_never_witnessed_before._No_efforts_could_induce_a_single_regiment_to_form_after_the_retreat_was_commenced._Our_artillery_was_served_admirably,_and_did_much_execution._Some_of_the_volunteer_regiments_behaved_very_well,_and_much_excuse_can_be_made_for_those_who_fled,_as_few_of_the_enemy_could_at_any_time_be_seen._Raw_troops_cannot_be_expected_to_stand_long_against_an_unseen_enemy._During_McClellans_Peninsular_Campaign,_Heintzelman_was_promoted_to_major_general_of_volunteers_May_5,_1862,_and_commanded_the_III_Corps_opposing_Gen._John_Magruder,_who_at_Yorktown_famously_succeeded_in_convincing_McClellan_that_he_had_far_more_troops_than_he_actually_did._Heintzelman,_having_surveyed_Magruders_position,_advised_McClellan_that_an_attack_would_not_work_and_that_a_siege_was_required,_which_helped_convince_McClellan_to_delay_for_weeks_before_attacking._At_the_Battle_of_Seven_Pines_on_May_31,_Heintzelman_attempted_to_rally_the_troops_retiring_from_the_field,_but_could_not._His_misfortunes_continued_during_the_Seven_Days_Campaign_and_then_the_Second_Battle_of_Bull_Run_on_August_28-30,_when_Heintzelmans_corps_was_attached_to_Gen._John_Popes_Army_of_Virginia._In_the_fighting_at_Groveton_on_August_29,_Pope_ordered_two_attacks_that_were_to_be_carried_out_simultaneously_on_Gen._Stonewall_Jacksons_corps_by_Heintzelman._Gen._Cuvier_Grovers_brigade_in_Gen._Joseph_Hookers_division_managed_to_carry_through_to_the_second_line_of_Confederate_troops_under_hand-to-hand_combat_before_falling_back_due_to_a_lack_of_support,_suffering_484_casualties_in_twenty_minutes._The_delayed_second_attack,_by_Gen._Philip_Kearnys_division,_ended_similarly,_with_a_badly_depleted_Confederate_brigade_under_Gen._Maxcy_Gregg_holding_back_Kearnys_men_until_reinforcements_counter-charged._To_add_to_the_losses_sustained_by_Heintzelmans_corps_during_the_battle,_Kearny_was_killed_during_the_Battle_of_Chantilly_on_September_1._The_end_of_the_campaign_marked_the_end_of_Heintzelmans_career_as_a_field_commander,_which_was_summarized_by_one_unnamed_authority_with_the_comment,_He_somehow_just_missed_being_an_effective_corps_commander._On_September_9,_Heintzelman_took_charge_of_defenses_south_of_the_Potomac_River,_while_Gen._Daniel_Sickles_gained_III_Corps._Besides_commanding_some_of_the_capitals_defenses_at_the_head_of_XXII_Corps,_Heintzelman_also_was_in_charge_of_the_Northern_Department_(based_in_Columbus,_Ohio),_and_served_on_court-martial_duty._After_the_war,_he_held_a_command_in_Texas_as_a_colonel_of_the_17th_Infantry._He_retired_from_the_army_with_the_rank_of_major_general_(granted_by_an_act_of_Congress)_in_1869._He_engaged_in_business_in_New_York_City_before_moving_back_to_Washington,_D.C._Heintzelman_died_there_on_May_1,_1880_and_was_buried_in_Buffalo,_New_York,_his_wifes_hometown._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_mez_quartermaster__relievedwp_
461	Herron,_F.J.	Gen461.pcx	1	8	0	215	9	9	1	4	5	1	5	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
462	Hinks,_E.W.	Gen462.pcx	1	36	0	215	15	9	1	4	4	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
463	Hitchcock,_E.A.	Gen463.pcx	1	44	0	215	30	9	1	4	6	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
464	Hobson,_E.H.	Gen464.pcx	1	26	0	215	11	9	1	4	5	3	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___wp_
465	Holt,_J.	Gen465.pcx	1	44	0	215	11	9	1	2	5	3	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	14	0	0	0	nobio	__judge_advocate_general__wp_
467	Hovey,_A.P.	Gen467.pcx	1	82	0	215	8	9	1	4	3	1	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
468	Hovey,_C.E.	Gen468.pcx	1	30	0	215	7	9	1	3	5	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3	4	12	0	0	nobio	_____
469	Howard,_O.O.	Gen469.pcx	1	0	0	88	13	200	1	5	4	3	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	2	14	14	0	0	Maj._Gen._Oliver_Otis_Howard_(b._1830,_d._1909)._Howard_certainly_knew_how_to_be_in_the_wrong_command_at_the_wrong_time:_one_cannot_think_of_Howard_without_remembering_his_tragic_command_of_the_Army_of_Potomacs_XI_Corps,_which_was_the_focus_of_shattering_attacks_both_at_Chancellorsville_and_Gettysburg._Howards_career_was_also_marked_by_surviving_mistakes,_and_even_prospering_despite_them._To_Howards_credit,_he_could_make_the_right_decision_in_times_of_great_chaos_and_was_personally_brave,_often_leading_his_men_from_the_front;_at_the_Battle_of_Seven_Pines_(Fair_Oaks),_this_cost_him_his_right_arm_but_earned_him_the_Congressional_Medal_of_Honor_in_1893._And_during_the_Union_rout_on_the_first_day_at_Gettysburg,_it_was_Howard_who_picked_Cemetery_Hill_and_Cemetery_Ridge_as_a_rallying_point_for_the_Union_forces,_for_which_he_would_receive_the_thanks_of_Congress._Howard_was_born_November_8,_1830,_in_Leeds,_Maine._He_graduated_from_Bowdoin_College_in_1850_and_then_attended_West_Point,_graduating_with_the_Class_of_1854._Prior_to_the_Civil_War,_Howard_was_an_assistant_professor_of_mathematics_at_West_Point_and_held_the_rank_of_1st_lieutenant._Elected_Colonel_of_the_3rd_Maine,_he_resigned_his_regular_commission_on_June_7,_1861._At_First_Bull_Run,_Howard_was_given_temporary_brigade_command_in_Gen._Samuel_Heintzelmans_3rd_Division._His_command_was_driven_from_the_field_in_disorder,_but_Howard_was_later_promoted_to_brigadier_general_of_volunteers,_dated_from_September_3._During_the_Peninsular_Campaign_of_1862,_Howard_was_commanding_a_brigade_at_Seven_Pines_on_May_31_when_he_was_wounded_twice._Howard_recovered_and_returned_in_time_to_command_the_armys_rear_guard_in_the_retreat_from_Manassas_that_August._At_Antietam,_Howard_replaced_the_wounded_Gen._John_Sedgwick_as_commander_of_the_2nd_Division_and_led_that_unit_through_the_Battle_of_Fredericksburg_in_December._Having_been_promoted_to_major_general_of_volunteers_on_November_29,_Howard_was_made_commander_of_XI_Corps_on_May_31,_1863,_replacing_Gen._Franz_Sigel._This_change_upset_many_of_the_men,_who,_like_Sigel,_were_German-born._Howards_first_corps_command_was_a_disaster._At_Chancellorsville,_he_received_orders_to_protect_the_armys_flank,_but_his_corps_was_surprised_and_soundly_defeated_by_Gen._Stonewall_Jacksons_flank_attack._At_the_Battle_of_Gettysburg,_Howard_and_his_subordinate_Gen._Carl_Schurz_brought_XI_Corps_into_the_defensive_line_on_the_north_side_of_the_town._The_XI_Corps_old_nemesis,_the_late_Jacksons_II_Corps_(now_under_Gen._Richard_S._Ewell),_again_routed_them_from_the_field._Howard_briefly_commanded_the_Union_defenses_between_the_death_of_Gen._John_Reynolds,_commander_of_I_Corps,_and_the_arrival_of_Gen._Winfield_S._Hancock,_moving_I_and_XI_Corps_back_to_Cemetery_Hill_and_Cemetery_Ridge_and_rallying_I_Corps._After_Gettysburg,_Howard_was_sent_to_Tennessee_to_command_IV_Corps_in_the_Army_of_the_Cumberland._When_Gen._James_B._McPherson_was_killed_on_July_22,_1864_during_the_Atlanta_Campaign,_Gen._William_T._Sherman_selected_Howard_to_command_the_Army_of_the_Tennessee,_and_Howard_rewarded_Shermans_faith_in_him._After_the_war,_Howard_was_given_the_rank_of_brigadier_general_in_the_Regular_Army_to_date_from_the_capture_of_Savannah._He_became_an_advocate_of_Negro_welfare_and_was_appointed_the_first_commissioner_of_the_Freedmens_Bureau_by_Pres._Andrew_Johnson._In_1867,_he_was_instrumental_in_starting_Howard_University,_a_historically_black_university_that_was_named_for_him,_in_Washington,_D.C._Howard_continued_his_military_service,_both_in_Indian_Country_and_as_superintendent_of_West_Point,_gaining_promotion_to_major_general_in_the_Regular_Army_in_1886_and_commanding_the_Division_of_the_East_until_his_retirement_in_1894._He_also_helped_to_found_Lincoln_Memorial_University_in_Harrogate,_Tennessee._Howard_died_in_Burlington,_Vermont,_on_October_26,_1909._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	__{founded_howard_university}___
470	Howe,_A.P.	Gen470.pcx	1	16	0	215	13	9	1	5	5	5	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	23	19	20	0	0	nobio	_art____
471	Howell,_J.B.	Gen471.pcx	1	34	0	215	25	9	1	4	5	2	4	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____1stin_classwp_
472	Humphreys,_A.A.	Gen472.pcx	1	31	0	215	25	9	1	6	4	4	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	7	1	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._Andrew_Atkinson_Humphreys_(b._1810,_d._1883)._Humphreys_was_born_in_Philadelphia,_on_November_2nd,_1810._His_family_had_prominent_naval_ties:_his_grandfather_was_the_architect_of_the_frigate_U.S.S._Constitution_(Old_Ironsides)._Humphreys_attended_the_military_academy_at_West_Point_and_graduated_in_1831._Over_the_next_thirty_years_Humphreys_served_in_the_military_largely_as_a_civil_engineer,_though_he_did_fight_in_the_artillery_during_the_Seminole_War._In_August,_1861_Humphreys_was_promoted_to_Major_and_became_chief_topographical_engineer_in_Maj._Gen._George_B._McClellan's_Army_of_the_Potomac._During_the_Civil_War_he_was_initially_a_key_player_in_designing_the_fortifications_around_Washington_D.C._By_the_spring_of_1862_he_was_transferred_and_promoted_to_Brigadier_General_and_given_command_of_the_Third_Division_V_Corps._At_the_Battle_of_Antietam_Humphreys_was_stationed_in_reserve_and_saw_no_action._At_Fredericksburg_Humphreys_division_assaulted_Marye's_Heights_and_Humphreys_was_commended_for_his_personal_bravery_in_leading_his_men._While_he_earned_the_respect_of_his_men,_they_did_not_like_him._Since_he_was_in_his_mid-fifties_his_men_thought_he_was_old_and_nicknamed_him_Old_Goggle_Eyes_for_his_eyeglasses._He_was_a_taskmaster_who_imposed_a_very_strict_discipline_on_his_men._Charles_A._Dana,_the_Assistant_Secretary_of_War,_called_him_a_man_of_distinguished_and_brilliant_profanity._At_Chancellorsville_the_Third_Division_once_again_took_no_part_on_account_of_their_enlistments_being_near_an_end._After_the_battle_Humphreys_was_given_command_of_the_Second_Division_III_Corps._Just_before_Gettysburg_Gen._George_G._Meade_asked_Humphreys_to_be_his_Chief_of_Staff;_however,_Humphreys_declined,_preferring_a_field_command._At_Gettysburg_Humphreys_division_played_a_prominent_role._On_July_2nd,_when_Gen._Daniel_E._Sickles_advanced_against_orders_to_a_more_forward_position,_Humphreys_division_was_placed_on_the_right_flank_of_the_III_Corps._This_position_was_far_too_long_for_him_to_hold_and_two_of_his_brigades_were_nearly_wiped_out._On_July_8th,_1863_Humphreys_was_promoted_to_Major_General_of_Volunteers._Meade_again_requested_Humphreys_to_be_his_Chief_of_Staff_and,_with_the_III_Corps_no_longer_an_effective_fighting_force,_Humphreys_accepted._Humphreys_served_in_that_capacity_until_November_of_1864,_when_he_assumed_command_of_the_II_Corps_following_Hancocks_reassignment._Humphreys_commanded_the_II_Corps_for_the_remainder_of_the_war._After_the_war_Humphreys_commanded_the_District_of_Pennsylvania_and_became_Chief_of_Engineers_in_1866._Humphreys_published_work,_Physics_and_Hydraulics_of_the_Mississippi_River,_gave_him_considerable_prominence_in_the_scientific_community._He_also_wrote_his_personal_accounts_of_the_war,_From_Gettysburg_to_the_Rapidan_and_The_Virginia_Campaign_of_'64_and_'65._He_died_in_Washington,_D.C._on_December_27th_1883,_and_was_buried_there_in_the_Congressional_Cemetery._(Bio_by_Matthew_G._Flanigan)	__engineer___
473	Hunt,_H.J.	Gen473.pcx	1	36	0	215	24	50	1	3	7	5	5	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	14	21	23	0	Maj._Gen._Henry_Jackson_Hunt_(b._1819,_d._1899)._Twice_savior_of_the_Union_Army,_Hunt_was_a_third-generation_army_officer_born_in_Detroit_in_1819._His_father_and_grandfather_had_been_infantry_officers,_but_Hunt_was_destined_to_be_the_outstanding_artillery_officer_of_the_Army_of_the_Potomac._Hunt_entered_West_Point_at_age_16,_graduated_in_the_class_of_1839,_and_was_assigned_to_the_2nd_Artillery._In_the_Mexican_War_he_was_at_Vera_Cruz_and_Mexico_City,_and_was_slightly_wounded_at_Molino_del_Rey_when_struck_by_two_partially_spent_musket_balls._Breveted_Major_in_the_war,_Hunt_reached_the_rank_of_Captain_in_1852_and_remained_at_that_rank_until_the_Civil_War._During_the_intervening_decade_Hunt_developed_artillery_tactics_that_would_be_used_throughout_the_war._In_early_1861_Hunt_constructed_defenses_at_Harper's_Ferry_and_rigged_the_rifle_plant_for_demolition._At_First_Bull_Run,_after_the_Union_rout,_Hunt_was_credited_with_halting_a_Confederate_pursuit_with_cannon_fire_at_Blackburn's_Ford._He_was_subsequently_promoted_to_Major_and_appointed_chief_of_artillery_of_the_Washington_defenses._In_late_September_1861,_Hunt_was_promoted_to_Colonel_and_placed_in_charge_of_the_Army_of_the_Potomacs_Artillery_Reserve,_a_position_he_held_for_all_the_major_battles_of_that_army._Hunt_earned_his_Brigadier_General_star_in_July_1862_during_the_Peninsular_campaign._At_Malvern_Hill_he_deployed_over_a_hundred_guns_to_end_Gen._Robert_E._Lee's_dreams_of_destroying_the_Army_of_the_Potomac_during_that_campaign._On_assuming_command_of_the_Army_of_the_Potomac,_Gen._Joseph_Hooker_reduced_Hunt's_authority_over_the_Reserve,_but_at_Chancellorsville_the_artillery_was_noticeably_less_effective,_so_following_that_battle_his_authority_over_the_artillery_was_restored__in_time_for_the_Battle_of_Gettysburg._On_the_third_day_of_that_battle,_during_the_largest_artillery_duel_of_the_war,_Hunt_made_the_critical_decision_to_conserve_his_ammunition._Ten_minutes_later,_when_Confederate_Gen._James_Longstreet_launched_Gen._George_Pickett_on_his_famous_charge,_Hunt_reopened_fire,_broke_the_charge,_and_ended_dreams_of_southern_victory._The_following_year,_in_late_June_1864,_Gen._Ulysses_S._Grant_placed_Hunt_in_command_of_all_siege_operations_around_Petersburg,_a_position_he_was_holding_when_the_war_ended._Hunt_was_brevetted_Major_General_in_early_March_1865._Following_the_war_Hunt_remained_in_the_army,_reverting_to_Lieutenant_Colonel_of_artillery,_but_later_gaining_promotion_to_full_Colonel_in_1869_and_retiring_in_1883._Hunt,_who_had_lost_the_hearing_in_one_ear_from_a_childhood_illness,_ended_up_totally_deaf__the_fate_of_many_redlegs._Hunt_perished_from_pneumonia_in_Washington_in_1899._(Bio_by_Michael_Jennings)	_art___wp_
474	Hunt,_L.C.	Gen474.pcx	1	40	0	215	22	9	1	2	4	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____resigned_
475	Hunter,_D.	Gen475.pcx	1	0	0	88	7	200	2	3	4	5	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	17	17	9	0	0	Maj._Gen._David_Hunter_(b._1802,_d._1886)._Hunter_was_born_on_July_21,_1802_in_Washington,_D.C._After_graduating_for_West_Point_in_1822,_he_became_a_2nd_lieutenant_in_the_5th_U.S._Infantry_Regiment._Hunter_was_a_veteran_of_the_2nd_Seminole_War_and_Mexican-American_War._In_1860,_he_was_stationed_in_Kansas_and_began_correspondence_with_president-elect_Abraham_Lincoln_concerning_his_anti-slavery_views_and_fear_of_Southern_uprisings._Lincoln_was_obviously_impressed_by_Hunter,_since_he_invited_him_to_join_the_inauguration_train_to_Washington_and_appointed_him_to_head_the_volunteer_forces_guarding_the_White_House._When_the_Civil_War_began,_Hunter_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general_of_volunteers_on_May_17,_1861._Hunter_was_wounded_in_the_neck_early_in_the_Battle_of_First_Bull_Run_while_leading_the_2nd_Division._Promoted_to_major_general_of_volunteers_on_August_13,_Hunter_was_transferred_to_the_Western_Department_and_given_command_of_a_division_under_Gen._John_C._Fremont._After_Fremont_was_relieved,_Hunter_took_command_of_the_Western_Department_temporarily,_but_his_hopes_of_promotion_were_shattered_when_he_was_sent_to_a_backwater_position_in_Kansas,_where_he_commanded_forces_in_Kansas,_Colorado,_Nebraska_and_South_Dakota_and_his_principal_adversaries_were_Indians_rather_than_Confederates._Desperate_for_a_reassignment,_Hunter_not_only_wrote_to_the_War_Department,_but_to_Lincoln_himself,_who_sharply_rebuked_him_for_his_lack_of_professionalism._In_March_1862,_Hunter_was_finally_transferred_and_given_command_of_the_Department_of_the_South,_which_included_parts_of_South_Carolina,_Georgia_and_Florida_that_were_occupied_by_the_Union._After_the_successful_Battle_for_Fort_Pulaski_on_April_10-11,_Hunter_caused_controversy_by_starting_to_enlist_black_soldiers,_using_them_for_garrison_duty_as_well_as_forming_a_regiment_from_these_new_recruits,_the_1st_South_Carolina_Regiment._Hunter_caused_an_even_greater_furor_by_issuing_General_Order_No._11,_by_means_of_which_he_attempted_to_emancipate_the_slaves_in_the_three_states_under_his_command._However,_Lincoln_did_not_approve_of_this_because_he_feared_reprisals_from_the_Unions_slave-holding_border_states,_and_forced_Hunter_to_rescind_his_order._Pres._Jefferson_Davis_likewise_was_outraged_by_Hunters_order__albeit_for_decidedly_different_reasons__and_instructed_that_Hunter_was_a_felon_to_be_executed_if_captured._After_the_defeat_at_Secessionville,_South_Carolina,_Hunter_was_relieved_of_command_and_appointed_to_serve_in_the_court-martial_of_Gen._Fitz_John_Porter_and_on_other_commissions._In_May_1864,_Hunter_replaced_Gen._Franz_Sigel_in_the_Shenandoah_Valley_Campaign_after_the_latters_embarrassing_defeat_at_New_Market._During_this_campaign,_his_men_gave_him_the_nickname_Black_Dave_because_of_his_substantial_destruction_of_military_and_civilian_property._Hunter_is_most_famous__or_infamous,_especially_in_the_Shenandoah_Valley__for_entering_the_town_of_Staunton_and_burning_it_after_his_victory_in_the_Battle_of_Piedmont,_and_then_leading_his_army_to_Lexington,_where_he_burned_part_of_the_town_and_the_Virginia_Military_Institute._As_part_of_Gen._Ulysses_S._Grants_strategy_of_cutting_off_Richmond,_Hunter_marched_south_to_take_Lynchburg,_living_off_the_land_as_he_went._At_the_Battle_of_Lynchburg,_he_was_defeated_by_Gen._Jubal_Early,_who_successfully_prevented_Hunter_from_joining_up_with_Gen._Philip_Sheridans_forces._Hunter_then_retreated_into_West_Virginia,_leaving_the_Valley_to_Early_and_enabling_him_to_march_on_Washington._Hunter_was_criticized_because_of_his_actions_and_asked_to_be_relieved._After_the_war,_he_was_president_of_the_military_commission_that_tried_the_conspirators_for_Lincolns_assassination,_and_in_1873_he_wrote_a_book_about_his_life_during_the_war._Hunter_died_in_Washington_on_February_2,_1886_and_was_buried_in_the_Princeton_Cemetery_in_New_Jersey._(Bio_by_Andrew_Thayer)	____wp_
476	Hurlbut,_S.A.	Gen476.pcx	1	8	0	215	7	9	1	3	6	1	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	13	3	10	0	0	nobio	_corrupt____
477	Ingalls,_R.	Gen477.pcx	1	8	0	215	13	9	1	3	3	4	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	13	2	16	0	0	nobio	__quartermaster___
478	Jackson,_C.F.	Gen478.pcx	1	56	0	215	25	9	1	4	6	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex____
479	Jackson,_J.S.	Gen479.pcx	1	36	0	215	11	9	1	4	3	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____colored_
480	Jackson,_N.J.	Gen480.pcx	1	36	0	215	13	9	1	4	4	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
481	Jackson,_R.H.	Gen481.pcx	1	40	0	215	0	9	1	4	5	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	19	15	0	0	0	nobio	_art___resigned_
482	Jameson,_C.D.	Gen482.pcx	1	96	0	215	13	9	1	2	6	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	24	5	17	0	0	nobio	_____
483	Johnson,_A.	Gen483.pcx	1	16	0	215	28	9	1	4	6	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
484	Johnson,_R.W.	Gen484.pcx	1	28	0	215	11	9	1	4	3	2	3	4	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	19	0	0	0	0	nobio	_cav___wp_
485	Jones,_P.H.	Gen485.pcx	1	18	0	215	22	9	1	3	3	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4	0	0	0	0	nobio	____pow_
486	Judah,_H.M.	Gen486.pcx	1	94	0	215	22	9	1	3	3	4	3	0	0	0	0	2	0	0	0	1	23	16	0	0	nobio	`_mex___powfrench_army_
487	Kane,_T.L.	Gen487.pcx	1	28	0	215	25	9	1	4	4	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	13	12	23	0	0	nobio	_____
488	Kautz,_A.V.	Gen488.pcx	1	40	0	215	24	9	1	5	4	4	1	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_cav____
489	Kearny,_P.	Gen489.pcx	1	80	0	215	22	9	1	4	4	1	4	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___wp_
490	Keim,_W.H.	Gen490.pcx	1	8	0	215	25	9	1	3	7	3	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	-1	8	0	0	nobio	____medal_of_honorwp_
491	Kelley,_B.F.	Gen491.pcx	1	0	0	215	31	9	1	4	6	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	nobio	____pow_
492	Kenly,_J.R.	Gen492.pcx	1	8	0	215	14	9	1	3	5	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	8	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex____
493	Ketcham,_J.H.	Gen493.pcx	1	38	0	215	22	9	1	3	4	2	2	0	0	0	0	3	0	0	0	4	12	1	0	0	nobio	____pruss_army_
494	Ketchum,_W.S.	Gen494.pcx	1	94	0	215	3	9	1	4	6	3	3	0	0	0	0	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	__quartermaster__aust_army_
495	Keyes,_E.D.	Gen495.pcx	1	0	80	78	13	18	1	3	1	2	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._Erasmus_Darwin_Keyes_(b._1810,_d._1895)._Prominent_in_early_battles_of_the_Civil_War,_the_end_of_the_great_conflict_found_Keyes_concerned_with_ledger_sheets_rather_than_casualty_counts._Keyes,_who_had_commanded_a_brigade_at_First_Bull_Run_and_a_corps_during_the_Peninsular_Campaign,_was_a_San_Francisco_businessman_when_the_Civil_War_ended,_having_resigned_his_commission_and_moved_west_in_May_of_1864_after_differences_with_his_superior,_Gen._John_A._Dix._Keyes_was_born_in_Brimfield,_Massachusetts,_on_May_29,_1810._His_father,_a_doctor,_moved_the_family_to_Kennebec_County,_Maine,_when_Erasmus_was_a_young_boy._Keyes_received_an_appointment_to_the_U.S._Military_Academy_and_graduated_with_the_Class_of_1832_(10th_of_45)._His_pre-Civil_War_military_duty_was_glittering,_according_to_one_historian,_although_it_did_not_include_service_in_the_Mexican_War._Over_a_period_of_nearly_twenty_years,_Keyes_served_on_the_frontier,_at_Fort_Monroe_and_in_Charleston_during_the_nullification_crisis,_and_also_had_a_stint_as_a_West_Point_instructor._Keyes_was_a_favorite_of_Gen._Winfield_Scott,_who_had_Keyes_as_an_aide_three_different_times._His_duties_over_the_years_included_service_with_the_infantry,_cavalry_and_artillery,_and_by_the_time_the_Civil_War_started,_he_was_Colonel_of_the_11th_U.S._Infantry._At_the_First_Battle_of_Bull_Run,_Keyes_commanded_the_1st_Brigade_in_Gen._Daniel_Tylers_1st_Division._He_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general,_third_on_the_army_list,_to_rank_from_May_17._When_Gen._Geroge_B._McClellan_formed_his_Army_of_the_Potomac_for_a_campaign_against_Richmond,_Pres._Abraham_Lincoln_took_it_upon_himself_to_assign_corps_commanders,_and_Keyes_was_given_the_IV_Corps_with_the_divisions_of_Gens._Darius_Couch,_William_F._Smith_and_Silas_Casey._Keyes_led_IV_Corps_in_the_Peninsular_Campaign_of_spring-summer_1862,_gaining_promotion_to_major_general_of_volunteers_May_5,_1862._After_being_beaten_at_Seven_Pines,_the_IV_Corps_spent_much_of_the_rest_of_the_campaign_escorting_wagons,_though_it_played_a_support_role_at_Malvern_Hill_by_guarding_the_retreat_back_to_Harrisons_Landing._When_the_Army_of_the_Potomac_left_the_Yorktown_Peninsula,_much_of_IV_Corps_was_left_behind_at_Yorktown_to_become_part_of_Dixs_Department_of_Virginia._By_the_end_of_December,_most_of_the_units_in_the_corps_had_been_sent_to_North_Carolina,_but_reinforcements_from_units_based_in_Yorktown,_Williamsburg_and_Suffolk_brought_it_back_to_strength._When_the_Army_of_Northern_Virginia_was_moving_north_for_the_Gettysburg_Campaign,_Keyes_advanced_on_Richmond_in_order_to_draw_Confederate_troops_away_from_this_thrust_into_Pennsylvania;_but,_when_his_slow_approach_displeased_Dix_and_he_was_ordered_to_pull_back,_the_Richmond_garrison_hit_his_rear_guard_at_Baltimore_Cross_Roads._In_the_aftermath,_the_forces_of_IV_Corps_were_sent_north_to_defend_Pennsylvania,_but_the_War_Department_refused_to_let_Keyes_command_them_(and_they_were_subsequently_redistributed_to_three_other_corps)._Dix_refused_to_take_Keyes_back_as_a_commander,_and_he_was_relieved_of_command_on_July_15,_1863._Keyes,_attempting_to_regain_his_position,_asked_for_an_official_investigation_of_Dix,_but_was_turned_down._Though_no_longer_a_field_commander,_Keyes_continued_to_serve_in_the_army,_sitting_on_a_retirement_board_in_New_York_City_until_he_resigned_his_commission_on_May_6,_1864_and_moved_to_San_Francisco._In_civilian_life,_Keyes_prospered_as_a_gold_miner,_winemaker_and_banker._While_on_a_trip_to_Europe,_Keyes_died_in_Nice,_France,_on_October_14,_1895;_his_body_was_returned_for_burial_at_West_Point._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	____top10wp_
496	Kiernan,_J.L.	Gen496.pcx	1	8	0	215	22	9	1	4	6	5	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	0	0	0	0	nobio	____surgeon_
497	Kilpatrick,_H.J.	Gen497.pcx	1	62	0	215	22	9	1	3	2	1	1	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_cav____
498	Kimball,_N.	Gen498.pcx	1	58	0	215	8	9	1	4	3	5	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___wp_
499	King,_J.H.	Gen499.pcx	1	30	0	215	16	9	1	3	2	4	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex____
500	King,_R.	Gen500.pcx	1	44	0	215	22	9	1	3	4	4	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	0	0	0	nobio	__engineer___
501	Kirby,_E.	Gen501.pcx	1	8	0	215	22	9	1	3	5	1	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	14	-1	0	0	nobio	____wp_
502	Kirk,_E.N.	Gen502.pcx	1	56	0	215	7	9	1	2	6	3	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
503	Knipe,_J.F.	Gen503.pcx	1	44	0	215	25	9	1	2	4	3	2	4	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	25	6	0	0	nobio	_mex___wp_
504	Kryzanowski,_W.	Gen504.pcx	1	44	0	215	22	9	1	3	4	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
505	Lander,_F.W.	Gen505.pcx	1	44	0	215	15	9	1	3	3	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	13	5	7	0	0	nobio	_____
506	Lauman,_J.G.	Gen506.pcx	1	8	0	215	9	9	1	4	6	3	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	11	5	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
507	Lawler,_M.K.	Gen507.pcx	1	28	0	215	7	9	1	6	6	2	5	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___1stin_classwp_
508	Ledlie,_J.H.	Gen508.pcx	1	44	0	215	22	9	1	0	2	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	nobio	_art___wp_
509	Lee,_A.L.	Gen509.pcx	1	46	0	215	10	9	1	3	3	3	3	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	11	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav_____
510	Leggett,_M.D.	Gen510.pcx	1	44	0	215	24	9	1	4	5	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	18	0	0	0	0	nobio	____navy_
511	Lightburn,_J.A.	Gen511.pcx	1	44	0	215	31	9	1	2	4	1	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
512	Lockwood,_H.H.	Gen512.pcx	1	52	0	215	4	9	1	4	4	4	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	23	24	17	0	0	nobio	____wp_
513	Logan,_J.A.	Gen513.pcx	1	14	0	215	7	9	1	6	8	1	6	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___wp_
514	Long,_E.	Gen514.pcx	1	28	0	215	24	9	1	4	5	2	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav_____
515	Lowell,_C.R.	Gen515.pcx	1	86	0	215	15	9	1	4	4	3	2	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____top10_
516	Lucas,_T.J.	Gen516.pcx	1	88	0	215	8	9	1	5	6	5	3	4	1	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____2nd_inclasswp_
518	Lytle,_W.H.	Gen518.pcx	1	92	0	215	24	9	1	3	4	2	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex____
519	Hagwood,_J.	Gen519.pcx	2	44	0	216	27	9	1	4	8	1	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
521	Hanson,_R.W.	Gen521.pcx	2	36	0	216	11	9	1	7	4	2	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
523	Hardeman,_W.P.	Gen523.pcx	2	46	0	216	29	9	1	5	6	5	7	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
524	Harris,_N.H.	Gen524.pcx	2	100	0	216	18	9	1	4	7	3	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
525	Harrison,_J.E.	Gen525.pcx	2	72	0	216	6	9	1	5	8	1	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
526	Harrison,_T.	Gen526.pcx	2	94	0	216	29	9	1	5	8	4	4	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav_____
527	Hatton,_R.H.	Gen527.pcx	2	96	0	216	28	9	1	6	7	4	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	5	0	0	0	nobio	_____
528	Hawes,_J.M.	Gen528.pcx	2	32	0	216	11	9	1	5	6	1	5	4	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav_mex___wp_
529	Hawthorn,_A.T.	Gen529.pcx	2	28	0	216	2	9	1	5	4	1	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
530	Hays,_H.T.	Gen530.pcx	2	74	0	216	12	9	1	5	5	1	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
531	Hebert,_L.	Gen531.pcx	2	36	0	216	12	9	1	7	7	4	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	art____wp_
532	Hebert,_P.O.	Gen532.pcx	2	32	0	216	12	9	1	5	8	3	5	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___1stin_classwp_
533	Helm,_B.H.	Gen533.pcx	2	14	0	216	11	9	1	6	6	3	5	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
535	Higgins,_E.	Gen535.pcx	2	28	0	216	12	9	1	4	5	3	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	nobio	art____pow_
537	Hill,_B.J.	Gen537.pcx	2	66	0	216	28	9	1	5	5	4	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav_____
539	Hindman,_T.C.	Gen539.pcx	2	92	0	216	2	9	1	4	5	3	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	24	20	19	0	0	nobio	_mex____
540	Hodge,_G.B.	Gen540.pcx	2	16	0	216	11	9	1	5	6	4	5	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav_____
541	Hogg,_J.L.	Gen541.pcx	2	68	0	216	29	9	1	4	5	4	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	7	0	0	0	nobio	_____
542	Hoke,_R.F.	Gen542.pcx	2	26	0	216	23	9	1	5	8	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
543	Holmes,_T.H.	Gen543.pcx	2	0	0	78	23	18	1	3	3	2	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	12	0	0	0	0	Lt._Gen._Theophilus_Hunter_Holmes_(b._1804,_d._1880)._Friendship_with_Pres._Jefferson_Davis_secured_Holmes_promotion_and_assignments_that_did_not_suit_his_limited_military_abilities,_but_he_recognized_this_himself._Born_in_a_prominent_plantation_family_in_Sampson_County,_North_Carolina,_he_chose_the_military_profession._Graduating_from_West_Point_in_1829_as_44th_in_a_class_of_46_graduates__one_of_whom_was_future_Southern_hero_Robert_E._Lee__Holmes_served_on_the_frontier_and_in_the_Mexican_War,_in_which_he_won_a_brevet_for_his_actions_in_the_Battle_of_Monterrey._Holmes_resigned_his_commission_as_major_after_the_bombardment_of_Fort_Sumter_in_April_1861_and_joined_the_forces_of_his_native_state._His_friendship_with_Davis,_whom_he_knew_from_West_Point_and_Mexico,_secured_an_appointment_as_brigadier_general_of_the_Confederate_army_on_June_5,_1861._Serving_under_Gen._P.G.T._Beauregard_at_Manassas_six_weeks_later,_he_saw_no_action_in_the_first_major_battle_of_the_war._Holmes_was_promoted_to_major_general_on_October_7_nevertheless,_and_assigned_the_task_of_defending_Fredericksburg._In_March_1862,_he_was_sent_to_the_defense_of_North_Carolina._Called_back_to_Virginia_by_Lee_to_during_the_latter_part_of_the_Peninsula_Campaign,_Holmes_led_a_division_of_inexperienced_troops_through_the_Seven_Days_Battles,_though_he_and_his_men_saw_action_only_in_the_last_two_engagements._His_performance_at_Fraysers_Farm_(or_White_Oak_Swamp)_was_mediocre_(in_part_due_to_his_deafness),_as_he_failed_to_take_Malvern_Hill._When_the_hill_was_attacked_the_next_day,_Holmes_did_not_support_Gen._D.H._Hill_although_ordered_to._Hill_was_repulsed_with_heavy_losses,_leading_to_his_remark_that_it_was_not_war,_it_was_murder._However,_Davis_kept_his_high_opinion_of_Holmes_and_sent_him_westward_in_July_to_command_the_Trans-Mississippi_Department._Although_Holmes_himself_told_the_President_that_he_did_not_suit_this_assignment,_he_went_west_and_was_promoted_to_lieutenant_general_on_October_10,_1862._From_his_headquarters_in_Little_Rock,_Arkansas,_he_was_charged_with_the_task_of_managing_small_forces_in_a_broad_country_with_poor_infrastructure,_a_task_which_overburdened_him._His_failure_to_cooperate_effectively_with_Gen._John_C._Pemberton_in_Mississippi_was_in_part_responsible_for_the_later_fall_of_Vicksburg,_though_Holmes_was_reverted_to_command_of_the_District_of_Arkansas_in_March,_well_prior_to_the_strongholds_capitulation_on_July_4,_1863._On_Independence_Day_of_that_year_Holmes_saw_his_last_battle:_together_with_Gen._Sterling_Price_he_attacked_the_town_of_Helena_and_was_repulsed._Although_Holmes_stayed_in_command_until_the_end_of_February_1864,_he_saw_no_further_action_but_was_mostly_sick._He_spent_the_rest_of_the_war_organizing_the_North_Carolina_Reserves,_before_surrendering_on_April_26,_1865._Holmes_passed_the_remaining_years_of_his_life_on_a_farm_in_his_native_state,_and_was_buried_in_Fayetteville._(Bio_by_Joern_Kaesebier)	_mex___badwp_
544	Holtzclaw,_J.T.	Gen544.pcx	2	18	0	216	1	9	1	8	8	5	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
546	Huger,_B.	Gen546.pcx	2	0	0	82	27	200	2	3	2	1	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._Benjamin_Huger_(b._1805,_d._1877)._A_Charlestonian_from_a_family_with_a_long-standing_military_heritage,_Huger_attended_the_U.S._Military_Academy_at_West_Point_and_graduated_in_1825._He_served_as_chief_of_ordnance_for_Gen._Winfield_Scott_during_the_Mexican-American_War,_being_promoted_to_colonel_during_the_conflict._At_the_onset_of_the_Civil_War,_Huger_resigned_from_the_U.S._Army__though_not_quickly_enough_for_many_South_Carolinians,_who_felt_that_he_should_have_done_so_as_soon_as_his_state_had_seceded__and_was_commissioned_a_colonel_in_the_Confederate_Army,_and_was_assigned_to_command_the_Department_of_Southern_Virginia_and_North_Carolina,_headquartered_at_Norfolk,_which_placed_him_in_charge_of_the_defense_of_southern_Virginia_and_North_Carolina._For_his_service,_he_was_promoted_to_major_general_on_October_7,_1861,_having_previously_been_made_a_brigadier_general_on_June_17._Having_already_lost_Roanoke,_North_Carolina_in_February_1862,_which_led_to_a_congressional_inquiry_into_his_actions,_Huger_was_forced_to_withdraw_from_Norfolk_on_May_10,_first_ordering_the_destruction_of_the_Norfolk_naval_works._This_abandonment_of_Norfolk_necessitated_the_dismantling_of_the_C.S.S._Virginia,_which_on_March_9_during_the_Battle_of_Hampton_Roads_had_fought_the_U.S.S._Monitor_in_the_worlds_first_battle_between_two_ironclads._Huger_was_next_assigned_a_division_command_in_the_Army_of_Northern_Virginia_under_Gen._Joseph_E._Johnston_in_time_for_the_major_engagements_of_the_Peninsula_Campaign._His_slowness_to_act_during_the_Seven_Days_Battles,_as_exemplified_by_his_failure_to_prevent_Gen._George_B._McClellans_forces_from_retreating_after_the_Battle_of_Malvern_Hill_on_July_1,_led_him_to_be_reassigned_from_the_Army_of_Northern_Virginia_by_its_new_commander,_Gen._Robert_E._Lee,_who_found_him_lacking_in_the_aggressiveness_that_Lee_sought_in_his_commanders._Despite_considering_himself_to_have_been_banished,_Huger_dutifully_continued_to_serve_the_Confederacy_as_Inspector_General_of_Artillery_and_Ordnance_and_also_as_the_Chief_of_Ordnance_for_the_Trans-Mississippi_Department_for_the_remainder_of_the_war._After_the_Civil_War_ended,_Huger_retired_from_the_military_and_became_a_farmer_in_Virginia_and_North_Carolina._He_eventually_returned_to_Charleston,_where_he_passed_away_on_December_7,_1877._(Bio_by_Tom_Dean)	_mex___BADwp_
547	Humes,_W.Y.	Gen547.pcx	2	10	0	216	28	9	1	7	6	2	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	art_____
548	Humphreys,_B.G.	Gen548.pcx	2	68	0	216	18	9	1	5	7	3	5	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	11	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
549	Hunton,_E.	Gen549.pcx	2	62	0	216	31	9	1	6	8	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
550	Imboden,_J.D.	Gen550.pcx	2	62	0	216	31	9	1	7	6	4	5	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav_____
551	Iverson,_A.J.	Gen551.pcx	2	48	0	216	6	9	1	4	7	2	6	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
552	Jackson,_A.E.	Gen552.pcx	2	44	0	216	28	9	1	4	4	2	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_quarter,aster____
553	Jackson,_H.R.	Gen553.pcx	2	54	0	216	6	9	1	4	6	2	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	25	11	0	0	nobio	_____
554	Jackson,_J.K.	Gen554.pcx	2	10	0	216	6	9	1	4	5	3	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
556	Jackson,_W.H.	Gen556.pcx	2	26	0	216	28	9	1	4	7	4	5	4	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	6	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav____wp_
557	Jackson,_W.L.	Gen557.pcx	2	46	0	216	31	9	1	6	4	2	7	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
558	Jenkins,_A.G.	Gen558.pcx	2	94	0	216	31	9	1	5	3	3	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
559	Jenkins,_M.	Gen559.pcx	2	37	80	216	27	9	1	3	6	5	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	8	13	0	0	Brig._Gen._Micah_Jenkins_(b._1835,_d._1864)._Jenkins_was_a_young_and_promising_officer,_who_quickly_learned_to_use_his_theoretical_skills_in_practice._He_had_graduated_in_1854_from_the_South_Carolina_Citadel_Military_Academy_first_in_his_class_and_had_helped_to_establish_the_Kings_Mountain_Military_School_in_his_home_state._After_South_Carolina_had_seceded,_Jenkins_played_a_major_part_in_raising_the_5th_South_Carolina_Infantry_Regiment,_one_of_the_first_regiments_to_enter_Confederate_service,_and_was_elected_its_colonel._At_the_Battle_of_First_Bull_Run,_this_regiment_was_part_of_Gen._D.R._Jones_brigade,_fighting_on_the_Confederate_right_wing._He_next_raised_a_new_regiment,_Jenkins_Palmetto_Sharpshooters._He_fought_with_distinction_on_the_Peninsula,_leading_Gen._Richard_H._Andersons_brigade_(while_Anderson_himself_was_in_charge_of_wing_commander_Gen._James_Longstreets_division)_at_Seven_Pines,_where_Jenkins_sustained_his_first_wound_in_the_war,_and_Williamsburg._At_Gaines_Mill_on_June_27_he_captured_the_colors_of_the_16th_Michigan,_and_at_Fraysers_Farm_three_days_later_his_men_silenced_an_enemy_battery,_leading_Gen._D.H._Hill_to_comment_afterwards_that_Jenkins_brigade_rendered_more_service_than_any_two_combined._Longstreet_also_recognized_the_performance_and_strongly_supported_Jenkins_promotion_to_brigadier_general_in_July_22,_1862._The_young_general_was_wounded_at_Second_Bull_Run_that_August_and_did_not_return_to_the_army_for_two_months._At_the_Battle_of_Fredericksburg_that_December,_Jenkins_brigade_was_part_of_Gen._George_Picketts_division_and_played_only_a_minor_role._In_spring_of_1863_when_Longstreets_corps_was_sent_to_southeastern_Virginia_and_North_Carolina_to_gather_supplies_and_strike_a_blow_against_Union_garrisons_there_that_culminated_in_the_unsuccessful_siege_of_Suffolk,_Jenkins_and_his_brigade_participated._That_summer,_his_brigade_was_one_of_the_two_from_Picketts_division_that_stayed_in_the_South_during_the_Pennsylvania_Campaign,_and_thus_missed_participating_in_Picketts_Charge._Jenkins_next_went_with_Longstreets_corps_to_Tennessee_and,_although_his_brigade_arrived_too_late_to_take_part_in_the_victorious_Battle_of_Chickamauga,_he_got_to_command_Gen._John_B._Hoods_division_after_Hood_was_wounded_in_that_fight.______He_did_not_perform_well_in_that_position,_losing_the_Battle_of_Wauhatchie_on_the_night_of_October_27_and_therefore_enabling_Gen._Ulysses_S._Grant_to_create_a_new_supply_line_through_Lookout_Valley_for_the_besieged_Union_forces_at_Chattanooga._One_reason_for_this_defeat_was_the_feud_between_Jenkins_and_Gen._Evander_M._Law,_which_reduced_the_divisions_morale._Jenkins_was_supported_by_Longstreet,_while_the_other_officers_in_the_division_and_most_of_the_rank_and_file_were_in_favor_of_Law._In_the_subsequent_operations_around_Knoxville,_Jenkins_could_not_settle_the_problem_with_Law_and_consequently_the_division_did_not_perform_much_better_than_it_had_in_Lookout_Valley._Law_would_be_transferred_to_the_Army_of_Northern_Virginia_in_the_spring_of_1864,_but_the_ambitious_Jenkins_also_suffered_from_the_tensions,_not_receiving_the_promotion_to_major_general_and_permanent_command_of_a_division_he_desired._When_Longstreet_pressed_charges_against_Gen._Lafayette_McLaws_for_his_actions_and_inaction_at_Fort_Sanders_and_tried_to_shift_Jenkins_to_command_of_McLaws_division,_Pres._Jefferson_Davis_and_the_War_Department_preferred_Gen._Joseph_Kershaw,_returning_Jenkins_to_command_of_his_brigade._On_the_second_day_of_the_Battle_of_the_Wilderness,_Jenkins_was_leading_this_brigade_in_a_flanking_movement_that_might_have_destroyed_the_whole_Union_left_wing,_when_in_the_dense_woods_his_own_troops_mistook_a_group_of_officers_as_Union_soldiers_and_fired_a_volley__wounding_Longstreet_and_killing_Jenkins._According_to_Longstreet,_the_South_had_lost_the_best_officer_he_(Longstreet)_ever_saw._(Bio_by_Joern_Kaesebier)	_____
560	Johnson,_A.R.	Gen560.pcx	2	36	0	216	11	9	1	3	3	3	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
561	Johnson,_B.T.	Gen561.pcx	2	82	0	216	14	9	1	5	3	3	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	23	5	0	0	nobio	cav_____
562	Johnson,_B.R.	Gen562.pcx	2	82	0	216	28	9	1	4	5	2	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___wp_
563	Johnson,_E.	Gen563.pcx	2	24	0	216	6	9	1	6	5	3	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	18	6	7	0	0	nobio	_mex___powwp_
565	Johnston,_G.D.	Gen565.pcx	2	50	0	216	1	9	1	4	7	3	7	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	17	13	14	0	0	nobio	_____
567	Johnston,_R.D.	Gen567.pcx	2	84	0	216	23	9	1	6	8	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
568	Jones,_D.R.	Gen568.pcx	2	0	41	78	27	18	1	4	4	3	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	10	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._David_Rumph_Jones_(b._1825,_d._1863)._A_solid_officer,_Jones_was_called_Neighbor_due_to_his_easygoing_nature._After_graduating_from_West_Point_in_1846,_the_South_Carolinian_served_in_the_American-Mexican_War,_earning_one_brevet._Although_he_was_married_to_a_niece_of_Pres._Zachary_Taylor,_he_did_not_advance_further_than_1st_lieutenant,_and_subsequently_resigned_from_the_army_in_February_1861._Both_his_lack_of_advancement_and_the_fact_that_his_native_state_had_seceded_on_December_20_appear_to_have_been_the_chief_factors_prompting_his_resignation,_but_which_one_was_the_primary_cause_is_unknown._Jones_enlisted_in_South_Carolinas_militia_soon_after_the_state_seceded,_securing_the_position_of_aide-de-camp_to_Gen._P.G.T._Beauregard_during_the_siege_and_bombardment_of_Fort_Sumter._After_being_promoted_to_brigadier_general_in_June_1861,_Jones_led_a_brigade_at_the_Battle_of_First_Bull_Run_on_July_17,_but_he_and_his_men_did_not_see_much_action._When_the_Confederate_armies_in_the_East_were_merged_to_the_Army_of_Northern_Virginia_in_the_spring_of_1862,_Jones_was_promoted_to_major_general_(dating_from_March_10)._During_the_Peninsula_Campaign_his_division_was_assigned_to_the_wing_commanded_by_Gen._John_Magruder._Though_held_in_reserve_at_the_Battle_of_Seven_Pines_on_May_31-June_1,_the_Jones_division_saw_more_action_during_the_Seven_Days_Campaign_a_month_later._It_fought_well_at_Mechanicsville_and_Gainess_Mill,_where_the_main_task_was_to_initiate_diversionary_attacks_to_prevent_the_Union_forces_from_reinforcing_Gen._Fitz_John_Porters_isolated_corps,_but_performed_with_less_success_during_the_other_battles._Jones_was_kept_in_the_army__in_contrast_to_Magruder_and_others__and_his_division_became_part_of_Gen._James_Longstreets_I_Corps._In_the_lead-up_to_the_Battle_of_Second_Bull_Run,_Jones_men_on_August_28_secured_Thoroughfare_Gap_for_the_corps,_which_was_thus_able_to_unite_with_Gen._Thomas_Stonewall_Jacksons_II_Corps_at_Manassas_and_successfully_attack_the_Union_army_under_Gen._John_Pope_two_days_later._At_the_Battle_of_Antietam_three_weeks_later,_Jones_was_assigned_the_task_of_holding_the_right_flank_and_securing_the_Confederate_retreat_route._Outnumbered_at_least_two_to_one,_his_men_managed_to_hold_off_Gen._Ambrose_Burnsides_corps_for_several_hours_but_were_finally_pushed_back_after_Burnsides_men_managed_to_cross_the_bridge_that_later_bore_his_name._Only_the_timely_arrival_of_Gen._A.P._Hill_saved_the_whole_army._It_was_Jones_last_battle:_a_heart_condition_forced_him_to_resign_from_the_army_after_the_Maryland_Campaign,_and_he_died_early_the_following_year,_on_January_15,_1863._(Bio_by_Joern_Kaesebier)	_mex___wp_
569	Jones,_J.M.	Gen569.pcx	2	10	0	216	31	9	1	7	7	3	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	art____wp_
570	Jones,_J.R.	Gen570.pcx	2	56	0	216	31	9	1	5	4	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____relieved_
571	Jones,_S.	Gen571.pcx	2	34	0	216	5	9	1	4	5	2	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	8	24	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
572	Jones,_W.E.	Gen572.pcx	2	10	0	216	31	9	1	5	5	3	5	3	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav____wp_
573	Jordan,_T.	Gen573.pcx	2	40	0	216	31	9	1	4	7	1	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___wp_
574	Kelly,_J.H.	Gen574.pcx	2	30	0	216	2	9	1	4	7	0	3	4	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav____wp_
575	Kemper,_J.L.	Gen575.pcx	2	34	62	216	31	9	1	6	3	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	-1	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._James_Lawson_Kemper_(b._1826,_d._1895)._Kemper_was_born_in_Mountain_Prospect,_Virginia,_but_had_no_military_training._He_graduated_from_Washington_College_(now_Washington_and_Lee_College)_in_1842,_becoming_a_lawyer._After_the_start_of_the_Mexican_war,_he_enlisted_and_became_a_captain_and_assistant_quartermaster_in_the_1st_Virginia_Infantry_in_1847,_but_he_had_joined_the_service_too_late_to_see_any_combat_action._By_1858_he_was_a_brigadier_general_in_the_Virginia_Militia._He_also_served_three_terms_as_a_Virginia_congressman,_rising_to_become_the_Speaker_of_the_House_of_Delegates_and_the_chairman_of_the_Military_Affairs_Committee,_where_he_was_a_strong_advocate_of_state_military_preparedness._At_the_start_of_the_Civil_War,_Kemper_served_as_a_brigadier_general_in_the_Provisional_Army_of_Virginia,_and_then_a_colonel_in_the_Confederate_Army,_commanding_the_7th_Virginia_Infantry._His_regiment_was_assigned_to_Gen._A.P._Hills_brigade_in_Gen._James_Longstreets_division_of_the_Confederate_Army_of_the_Potomac_from_June_1861_to_March_1862,_seeing_its_first_action_at_the_First_Battle_of_Bull_Run._After_a_heroic_effort_at_Seven_Pines_during_the_Peninsula_Campaign,_Kemper_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general_in_June_1862,_and_briefly_commanded_a_division_in_Longstreet's_Corps._Upon_the_return_to_duty_of_wounded_Maj._Gen._George_Pickett,_Kemper_reverted_to_brigade_command,_the_highest_role_in_which_he_would_serve_in_combat._At_the_Second_Battle_of_Bull_Run,_Kemper's_brigade_took_part_in_Longstreet's_surprise_attack_against_Popes_left_flank,_almost_destroying_Popes_Army_of_Virginia._At_the_Battle_of_Antietam_he_was_south_of_the_town_of_Sharpsburg,_defending_against_Burnside's_assault_on_the_afternoon_of_September_17,_1862._He_withdrew_his_brigade_in_the_face_of_the_Union_advance,_exposing_the_Confederate_right_flank,_and_the_line_was_saved_only_by_the_hasty_arrival_of_Hill's_division_from_Harpers_Ferry._At_Gettysburg,_Kemper_arrived_with_Pickett's_division_late_on_the_second_day_of_battle,_July_2,_1863._His_brigade_was_one_of_the_main_assault_units_in_Picketts_Charge,_advancing_on_the_right_flank_of_Pickett's_line_(and,_thus,_on_the_right_flank_of_the_entire_assault)._After_crossing_the_Emmitsburg_Road,_his_brigade_was_hit_by_flanking_fire,_driving_it_to_the_left_and_disrupting_the_cohesion_of_the_assault._Kemper_rose_on_his_spurs_to_urge_his_men_forward,_shouting_There_are_the_guns,_boys,_go_for_them!_This_bravado_made_him_a_more_visible_target_and_he_was_wounded_by_a_bullet_in_the_abdomen_and_thigh_and_captured_by_Union_troops._He_was_rescued_by_Confederate_forces,_but_was_too_critically_injured_to_be_transported_during_the_retreat_from_Gettysburg_and_was_left_behind_to_be_treated,_and_was_recaptured._Newspaper_accounts_at_the_time_claimed_he_was_killed_in_action_and_Gen._Robert_E._Lee_sent_condolences_to_Kempers_family._He_was_exchanged_on_September_19,_1863,_but_until_the_end_of_the_war_he_was_too_ill_for_combat,_and_commanded_the_Reserve_Forces_of_Virginia,_gaining_a_promotion_to_major_general_in_September_1864._It_had_not_been_possible_to_remove_the_bullet_that_had_wounded_him_at_Gettysburg,_and_he_suffered_from_groin_pain_for_the_rest_of_his_life._After_the_war_he_worked_as_a_lawyer_and_served_as_Governor_of_Virginia_(1874-1878)._He_died_in_Walnut_Hills,_Virginia,_where_he_is_buried._(Bio_by_Scott_Jennings)	_mex____
576	Kennedy,_J.D.	Gen576.pcx	2	34	0	216	27	9	1	4	4	2	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
577	Kershaw,_J.B.	Gen577.pcx	2	27	0	216	27	9	1	5	5	3	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	13	2	14	0	0	Maj._Gen._Joseph_Brevard_Kershaw_(b._1822,_d._1894)._Kershaw_was_born_at_Camden,_South_Carolina,_and_was_educated_for_the_legal_profession,_beginning_his_practice_there_in_1844._He_was_a_member_of_the_governor's_staff_in_1843,_and_served_one_year_in_the_Mexican_war_as_1st_Lieutenant_of_Company_C,_Palmetto_Regiment._From_1852_to_1855_he_was_a_representative_in_the_legislature,_and_in_December_1860_participated_in_the_convention_that_enacted_the_ordinance_of_secession._In_February_1861,_he_was_commissioned_Colonel_of_the_2nd_South_Carolina_Infantry_Regiment,_with_which_he_served_at_Sullivan's_Island._That_April_he_and_his_regiment_headed_to_Virginia,_where_they_served_in_the_brigade_of_Gen._Milledge_L._Bonham_at_the_Blackburn's_Ford_engagement_and_the_Battle_of_First_Manassas._In_February_1862,_Kershaw_was_promoted_to_Brigadier_General,_succeeding_Bonham._At_this_rank_he_participated_in_the_Yorktown_campaign,_and_while_serving_in_Gen._Lafayette_McLaws'_division_fought_through_the_Seven_Days_Campaign,_commanded_the_troops_which_captured_Maryland_Heights_at_Harpers_Ferry,_and_played_a_gallant_part_in_the_fighting_at_Antietam._At_Fredericksburg,_Kershaws_brigade_was_sent_into_the_fight_at_Marye's_Heights,_where_he_was_in_command_after_Gen._T.R.R._Cobb_was_wounded,_and_held_off_the_Unions_attacks;_at_Chancellorsville,_he_was_an_active_participant,_and_at_Gettysburg_he_and_his_brigade_were_conspicuous_in_the_defeat_of_Gen._Daniel_Sickles_at_the_Peach_Orchard._Reaching_the_battlefield_of_Chickamauga_in_time_for_the_fighting_of_September_20th,_1863,_he_was_in_the_grand_line_of_veterans_with_which_Gen._James_Longstreet_overwhelmed_the_Federals,_commanding_McLaws'_division_until_the_absent_McLaws_arrived_after_the_battle,_and_in_the_last_grand_assault_on_Gen._George_H._Thomas_also_commanding_McNair's,_Gracie's,_Kelly's_and_Anderson's_brigades._In_the_same_command_he_went_into_the_Wilderness_Campaign_of_May_1864,_checking_the_Unions_success_on_May_6th_with_his_veterans,_sweeping_the_enemy_from_his_front_and_capturing_their_works._Kershaw_was_riding_with_Longstreet_and_Gen._Micah_Jenkins_when_these_two_generals_were_wounded,_but_escaped_injury_himself._It_was_Kershaws_division_that_reached_Spottsylvania_Court_House_in_time_to_support_Gen._J.E.B._Stuart's_cavalry_and_thwart_the_flanking_movement_of_Gen._Ulysses_S._Grant,_and_by_an_attack_on_Gen._Philip_Sheridan_his_division_also_opened_the_bloody_struggle_at_Cold_Harbor,_where_the_heaviest_Union_losses_occurred_before_Kershaw's_position._In_recognition_of_his_divisions_performance,_Kershaw_was_promoted_to_Major_General._He_next_participated_in_the_Petersburg_battles_then_was_ordered_to_the_support_of_Gen._Jubal_Early_in_the_Shenandoah_Valley,_where_his_men_helped_to_fight_Sheridans_forces._That_September_Kershaw_was_ordered_back_to_Richmond,_and_while_he_was_on_the_way_Early_was_defeated_at_Winchester._A_month_later,_once_again_supporting_Early,_Kershaws_division_took_part_in_the_action_at_Cedar_Creek,_achieving_success_themselves_in_what_by_late_afternoon_had_become_a_devastating_setback_at_the_hands_of_Sheridan._After_this_victory_and_until_the_fall_of_Richmond,_Kershaw_and_his_men_served_before_that_city,_north_of_the_James_River._His_last_battle_was_at_Sayler's_Creek,_where_he_was_captured_with_his_corps_commander,_Gen._Richard_S._Ewell,_and_the_greater_part_of_what_remained_of_his_command._Kershaw_was_held_as_a_prisoner_of_war_at_Fort_Warren,_Boston,_until_August_12,_1865,_four_months_after_the_war_had_ended._On_his_return_to_South_Carolina_he_again_took_up_the_practice_of_law,_and_in_the_same_year_was_elected_to_the_state_senate_and_chosen_to_preside_over_that_body._In_1874,_Kershaw_was_the_Democratic_candidate_for_Congress_in_his_district,_and_three_years_later_was_elected_to_the_position_of_judge_of_the_Fifth_Circuit._He_served_on_the_bench_until_1893,_when_he_resigned_on_account_of_failing_health_and_resumed_practice_as_an_attorney_at_Camden._In_February,_1894,_he_was_commissioned_postmaster_of_that_city,_but_he_died_on_the_12th_of_April_following._His_body_lies_in_the_rector_of_St._Michael's_Church_in_Charleston._(Bio_by_Scott_Jennings)	_mex____
578	Kirkland,_W.W.	Gen578.pcx	2	80	0	216	23	9	1	5	7	4	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
579	Lane,_J.H.	Gen579.pcx	2	44	0	216	23	9	1	6	4	3	5	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	19	14	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._James_Henry_Lane_(b._1833,_d._1907)._In_contrast_to_his_unrelated_namesake_from_Indiana,_an_abolitionist_who_became_one_of_Kansass_first_two_senators_in_1861,_Lane_never_entered_politics._Born_near_Mathews_Court_House,_Virginia_on_July_28,_1833,_he_chose_the_engineering_profession._In_order_to_get_a_good_education_he_attended_the_Virginia_Military_Institute,_from_which_he_graduated_second_in_his_class_in_1854._He_continued_his_studies_at_the_University_of_Virginia_before_becoming_a_teacher_of_engineering,_mathematics_and_natural_philosophy_at_V.M.I.,_West_Seminary_at_Tallahassee,_Florida_and_North_Carolina_Military_Institute_at_Charlotte._His_first_commission_in_the_Confederate_Army_after_the_start_of_the_Civil_War_was_as_a_major_of_the_1st_North_Carolina_Regiment,_but_he_was_soon_promoted_to_colonel._Serving_in_that_capacity_during_the_Seven_Days_Campaign,_Lane_was_wounded_twice._He_next_led_his_regiment_through_the_battles_of_Cedar_Mountain,_Second_Manassas_and_Antietam_in_the_summer_of_1862._His_performance_was_remarkable_enough_for_his_division_commander_Gen._A.P._Hill_to_entrust_him_a_brigade_after_the_wars_bloodiest_day._The_formal_promotion_to_brigadier_general_followed_in_November_1862._Lane_stood_his_ground_at_Fredericksburg_a_month_later,_although_Hill_had_left_a_gap_on_Lanes_right._In_May_of_1863,_Lane_and_his_men_fought_at_Chancellorsville._During_the_Battle_of_Gettysburg,_he_assumed_temporary_command_of_a_division_on_the_second_day_when_its_commander,_Gen._William_D._Pender,_was_mortally_wounded._Lane_himself_was_shot_the_next_day_just_before_the_start_of_Picketts_Charge,_so_the_division_went_to_Gen._Isaac_Trimble_instead._Lane_recovered_in_time_for_the_Overland_Campaign_of_1864._After_stubborn_fighting_in_the_Wilderness,_his_brigade_made_an_outstanding_performance_at_Spotsylvania_Court_House._When_the_Mule_Shoe_had_been_captured_by_Union_soldiers,_the_brigade_first_closed_the_gap_between_Hills_and_Gen._Richard_Ewells_corps_and_then_counterattacked_to_relieve_the_pressure_on_the_Confederates._Soon_after_that_fight,_Lane_was_wounded_by_sharpshooters_at_Cold_Harbor._He_managed_to_return_for_service_during_the_Siege_of_Petersburg,_and_surrendered_with_what_was_left_of_the_Army_of_Northern_Virginia_at_Appomattox_Court_House_on_April_9,_1865._After_the_war,_Lane_taught_civil_engineering_at_several_universities,_including_the_Virginia_Agricultural_and_Mechanical_College_(VAMC)_and_Alabama_Polytechnic_Institute_(Auburn_University)._He_died_in_Auburn,_Alabama_on_September_21,_1907._(Bio_by_Joern_Kaesebier)	____vmi_
580	Lane,_W.P.	Gen580.pcx	2	44	0	216	29	9	1	8	5	4	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	9	2	13	0	0	nobio	_____
581	Law,_E.M.	Gen581.pcx	2	100	0	216	1	9	1	5	2	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
582	Lawton,_A.R.	Gen582.pcx	2	42	0	216	6	9	1	4	5	4	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	__quartermaster_general___
583	Leadbetter,_D.	Gen583.pcx	2	6	0	216	1	9	1	5	5	4	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	0	0	0	nobio	__engineer__wp_
584	Lee,_E.G.	Gen584.pcx	2	8	0	216	31	9	1	4	8	3	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
586	Lee,_G.W.	Gen586.pcx	2	88	0	216	31	9	1	4	8	4	8	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	23	3	13	0	0	nobio	__engineer__1stin_classwp_
588	Lee,_S.D.	Gen588.pcx	2	58	0	216	27	9	1	4	8	4	6	5	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav/art____wp_
589	Lee,_W.H.	Gen589.pcx	2	44	0	216	31	9	1	2	6	1	4	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav_____
590	Leventhorpe,_C.	Gen590.pcx	2	40	0	216	23	9	1	4	6	3	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
591	Lewis,_J.H.	Gen591.pcx	2	78	0	216	23	9	1	4	6	3	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
592	Lewis,_W.G.	Gen592.pcx	2	64	0	216	11	9	1	6	4	4	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
593	Liddell,_S.J.	Gen593.pcx	2	80	0	216	12	9	1	5	6	3	6	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
594	Lilley,_R.D.	Gen594.pcx	2	36	0	216	31	9	1	5	8	4	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	6	25	0	0	0	nobio	_____
595	Little,_L.H.	Gen595.pcx	2	80	0	216	2	9	1	6	7	4	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
596	Logan,_T.M.	Gen596.pcx	2	30	0	216	27	9	1	6	6	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
597	Lomax,_L.L.	Gen597.pcx	2	98	0	216	31	9	1	3	6	3	4	3	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
598	Long,_A.L.	Gen598.pcx	2	60	0	216	31	9	1	7	6	2	5	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	12	0	0	0	nobio	art____wp_
600	Loring,_W.W.	Gen600.pcx	2	0	0	85	5	200	2	4	5	4	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	-1	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._William_Wing_Loring_(b._1818,_d._1886)._From_fighting_Seminole_Indians_as_a_youngster_to_serving_in_the_army_of_the_Egyptian_Khedive,_Loring_enjoyed_a_long_military_career._He_was_never_afraid_to_question_orders_which_he_felt_would_put_his_troops_in_too_much_danger._Old_Blizzards,_as_he_was_nicknamed_(for_his_encouragement_of_Give_them_blizzards,_boys!),_was_born_in_Wilmington,_North_Carolina,_on_December_4,_1818._While_he_was_a_youth,_his_family_moved_to_Florida,_where_he_rose_to_2nd_lieutenant_fighting_in_the_Second_Seminole_War_of_1835-1842._Loring_next_studied_law_and_earned_election_to_the_Florida_legislature._In_1846,_he_entered_military_service_as_a_captain_in_the_new_regiment_of_mounted_riflemen._During_the_Mexican_War,_Loring_earned_brevets_to_major_and_lieutenant_colonel_during_the_war,_but_also_lost_an_arm_at_the_Battle_of_Chapultepec._He_was_able_to_remain_in_service_and_received_a_promotion_to_lieutenant_colonel_of_his_regiment_in_March_1848._Loring_subsequently_campaigned_in_Texas,_commanded_the_Department_of_Oregon_in_1849,_and_returned_to_Texas_in_1851._On_December_30,_1856,_he_became_the_U.S._Armys_youngest_line_colonel__a_distinction_he_still_held_on_May_13,_1861,_when_he_resigned_his_commission_to_cast_his_lot_with_the_Confederacy._Loring_was_appointed_a_brigadier_general_on_May_20,_1861,_commanding_the_Army_of_the_Northwest_in_western_Virginia._His_first_action_was_in_the_Cheat_Mountain_Campaign_under_Gen._Robert_E._Lee_in_mid-September._During_the_Romney_Expedition_that_winter,_Loring_and_Gen._Stonewall_Jackson_argued_over_the_conduct_of_operations:_Loring_felt_his_men_were_given_outpost_duty_by_being_stationed_in_Romney_while_Jackson_kept_his_command_in_Winchester,_Virginia,_leading_Loring_to_write_to_the_War_Department_to_express_concern_that_this_post_was_exposed._As_a_result,_the_War_Department_ordered_Jackson_to_recall_Lorings_men_to_Winchester._Jackson_nearly_quit_the_army_over_the_issue_and_requested_reassignment_back_to_Virginia_Military_Institute_as_a_professor._When_others,_including_Gen._Joseph_E._Johnston_and_Virginia_Gov._John_Letcher,_intervened,_Jackson_agreed_to_stay_in_the_army,_and_while_Loring_would_be_transferred._Loring_was_promoted_to_major_general_on_February_16,_1862,_and,_after_briefly_serving_at_Suffolk,_on_May_8_given_command_of_the_Department_of_Southwestern_Virginia._That_November,_he_was_sent_west_to_serve_in_the_Army_of_Mississippi_under_Gen._John_C._Pemberton,_commanding_a_division._His_troops_were_cut_off_from_the_armys_main_body,_partially_because_he_disagreed_with_Pemberton_about_tactics,_at_the_Battle_of_Bakers_Creek,_the_decisive_Union_victory_that_cleared_the_way_for_Gen._Ulysses_S._Grant_to_besiege_Vicksburg._This_allowed_Lorings_division_to_escape_the_fate_of_being_contained_in_Vicksburg_and_eventually_captured_in_July_1863_when_the_stronghold_fell._After_Bakers_Creek,_Loring_commanded_his_division_under_Gens._Joseph_E._Johnston_and_Leonidas_Polk._When_Polk_was_killed,_Loring_ascended_to_command_his_Army_of_Mississippi,_which_by_that_time_was_a_corps_in_the_Army_of_Tennessee,_and_served_under_Johnston_and_later_Gen._John_B._Hood_as_they_attempted_to_thwart_Gen._William_T._Shermans_march_through_Georgia_and_the_Carolinas._Loring_was_the_senior_major_general_in_Johnstons_command_when_he_surrendered_at_Durham_Station,_North_Carolina,_in_April_1865._After_the_war,_Loring_continued_his_military_career,_heading_to_Egypt_in_1869_and_reaching_the_rank_of_brigadier_general_in_the_army_of_the_Khedive,_for_whom_he_commanded_a_division_with_distinction._Loring_returned_to_the_United_States_in_1879,_and_five_years_later_wrote_of_his_experiences_abroad_in_a_book_entitled,_A_Confederate_Soldier_in_Egypt._Loring_died_in_New_York_City_of_a_heart_attack_on_December_30,_1886._He_is_buried_in_St._Augustine,_Florida._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_mex____
601	Lovell,_M.	Gen601.pcx	2	18	0	216	22	9	1	3	4	4	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	9	10	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._Mansfield_Lovell_(b._1822,_d._1884)._The_general_in_charge_of_New_Orleans_when_it_was_taken_by_Union_forces,_Lovell_never_could_quite_shake_this_defeat_and_his_role_in_the_loss_of_the_vital_Louisiana_city._In_fact,_he_was_kept_from_further_field_command_for_well_over_two_years_because_of_the_citys_loss._Lovell_was_born_in_Washington,_D.C.,_on_October_20,_1822._He_attended_the_U.S._Military_Academy_at_West_Point_and_graduated_9th_in_the_Class_of_1842._During_the_Mexican_War,_Lovell_was_wounded_at_Monterrey_and_again_in_the_Battle_of_Belen_Gate,_and_was_brevetted_for_gallantry_in_the_Battle_of_Chapultepec._In_1854,_he_resigned_from_the_army_and_went_into_business._At_the_outbreak_of_the_Civil_War,_Lovell_was_the_deputy_street_commissioner_of_New_York_City_under_another_future_Confederate_general,_Gustavus_W._Smith._After_resigned_that_post,_he_became_a_brigadier_general_in_the_Confederate_Army_in_September_1861,_and_was_assigned_to_serve_under_Gen._David_E._Twiggs_in_Department_Number_One_at_New_Orleans._Almost_immediately,_on_October_7,_he_was_promoted_to_major_general_and_given_command_of_the_department._Without_sufficient_men_and_material_for_an_adequate_defense,_he_did_what_he_could_when_the_city_was_threatened_by_enemy_forces_under_U.S._Navy_Capt._David_Farragut_the_following_April,_but_was_forced_to_evacuate._Lovell_had_no_command_of_naval_forces_to_hold_off_Farragut,_but_nonetheless_he_was_vilified_for_the_loss_of_New_Orleans._Alluding_to_his_reputation_of_enjoying_the_New_Orleans_night_life,_enlisted_men_sang_the_New_Ballad_of_Lord_Lovell,_which_memorialized_both_the_strategic_disaster_and_Lovells_drinkers_red_nose:__Lord_Lovell_he_sat_in_St._Charless_Hotel,_/_In_St._Charless_Hotel_sat_he,_/_As_fine_a_case_of_a_Southern_swell_/_As_ever_youd_wish_to_see..._/_Lord_Lovell_the_town_had_vowed_to_defend;_/_A-waving_his_sword_on_high,_/_He_swore_that_his_last_ounce_of_powder_hed_spend,_/_And_in_the_last_ditch_hed_die..._/_Sir_Farragut_came_with_a_mighty_fleet,_/_With_a_mighty_fleet_came_he,_/_And_Lord_Lovell_instantly_began_to_retreat,_/_Before_the_first_boat_he_could_see..._/_Oh!_tarry,_Lord_Lovell!_Sir_Farragut_cried,_/_Oh!_tarry_Lord_Lovell!_said_he;_/_I_rather_think_not,_Lord_Lovell_replied,_/_For_Im_in_a_great_hurry._..._/_Oh!_a_wonder_it_was_to_see_them_run,_/_A_wonderful_thing_to_see,_/_And_the_Yankees_sailed_up_without_shooting_a_gun,_/_And_captured_their_great_city._/Lord_Lovell_kept_running_all_day_and_night,_/_Lord_Lovell_a-running_kept_he,_/_For_he_swore_he_couldnt_abide_the_sight_/_Of_the_gun_of_a_live_Yankee._/_When_Lord_Lovells_life_was_brought_to_a_close_/_By_a_sharp-shooting_Yankee_gunner,_/_From_his_head_there_sprouted_a_red,_red_nose,_/_From_his_feet__a_Scarlet_Runner._Lovell_next_commanded_a_corps_in_the_field_through_the_Battle_of_Corinth_in_October_1862,_but_came_under_a_court_of_inquiry_for_his_conduct_in_New_Orleans._Despite_being_commended_by_Gen._Robert_E._Lee,_Lovell_saw_no_further_action._Even_when_both_Gen._Joseph_E._Johnston_in_January_1864_and_Gen._John_B._Hood_that_July_requested_Lovell_as_a_corps_commander_they_were_unable_to_get_him._With_his_army_in_a_desperate_situation,_Johnston_made_another_request_on_March_23,_1865,_and_finally_Lovell_was_found_acceptable_for_field_duty:_he_was_ordered_to_report_to_Lee_for_assignment,_though_it_is_assumed_that_Lovell_was_on_the_way_to_Johnstons_command_when_the_war_ended._After_the_war,_he_returned_to_New_York_City_and_was_an_assistant_engineer_to_former_Gen._John_Newton_in_the_Corps_of_Engineers_efforts_to_remove_East_River_obstructions._Lovell_died_in_New_York_City_on_June_1,_1884._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_____
602	Lowrey,_M.P.	Gen602.pcx	2	18	0	216	18	9	1	6	5	4	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
603	Lowry,_R.	Gen603.pcx	2	66	0	216	18	9	1	6	4	4	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
604	Lyon,_H.B.	Gen604.pcx	2	98	0	216	11	9	1	5	7	1	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	13	0	0	0	nobio	art____wp_
605	McCausland,_J.	Gen605.pcx	2	82	0	216	31	9	1	4	5	3	4	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	8	9	0	0	0	nobio	cav____vmi_
606	McComb,_W.	Gen606.pcx	2	97	0	216	28	9	1	4	3	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._William_McComb_(b._1828?,_d._1918)._A_native_of_the_Keystone_State,_William_McComb_somehow_ended_up_fighting_in_the_Civil_War_for_the_Confederacy._McComb_was_born_November_21,_1828_(although_some_records_indicate_his_birth_year_as_being_1832)_in_Mercer_County,_Pennsylvania._In_1854,_McComb_moved_south,_settling_in_Clarksville,_Tennessee._He_became_a_manufacturing_entrepreneur_and_even_had_a_flour_mill_on_the_Cumberland_River._A_solid_citizen_of_his_new_state,_McComb_enlisted_in_the_14th_Tennessee_Infantry_as_a_private_when_the_Civil_War_started._He_was_elected_2nd_lieutenant_of_his_unit_in_May_1861_and_moved_up_to_major_and_lieutenant_colonel_within_the_next_year._McComb_saw_action_in_the_Cheat_Mountain_Campaign_of_September_1861_and_fought_at_Cedar_Mountain_on_August_9,_1862._He_was_promoted_to_colonel_after_the_Second_Battle_of_Bull_Run,_during_which_his_regiment_served_in_Gen._James_J._Archers_Tennessee_Brigade,_one_of_the_brigades_in_Gen._A.P._Hills_Light_Division._McComb_was_severely_wounded_at_Antietam_and_again_at_Chancellorsville._He_missed_the_Gettysburg_Campaign,_but_was_back_with_his_unit_during_the_1864_Overland_Campaign_and_subsequent_siege_at_Petersburg._McComb_was_one_of_the_final_men_promoted_to_the_generals_rank,_getting_his_brigadier_spot_on_January_20,_1865._He_was_paroled_after_the_surrender_at_Appomattox_and_moved_south._After_stints_in_Alabama_and_Mississippi,_McComb_settled_in_Louisa_County,_Virginia_in_1869,_where_he_farmed_for_nearly_fifty_years._McComb_died_on_his_plantation_near_Gordonsville,_Virginia,_on_July_21,_1918._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_____
607	McCown,_J.P.	Gen607.pcx	2	96	0	216	28	9	1	4	6	3	2	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	art_mex___relievedwp_
608	McCulloch,_B.	Gen608.pcx	2	0	0	54	29	200	2	5	4	4	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	-1	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Benjamin_McCulloch_(b._1811,_d._1862)._Born_in_Tennessee,_McCulloch_received_no_formal_education,_military_or_otherwise,_as_a_child._He_was,_however,_heavily_influenced_by_one_of_his_family's_neighbors,_Davy_Crockett._When_Crockett_left_for_Texas_in_1835,_McCulloch_and_his_brother_Henry__also_a_future_Confederate_general__intended_on_accompanying_him,_but_he_developed_measles_and_was_unable_to_follow._After_the_fall_of_the_Alamo,_McCulloch_joined_the_Texas_Army_and_served_as_an_enlisted_man_in_an_artillery_company,_eventually_receiving_a_battlefield_commission_as_a_first_lieutenant._He_became_a_land_surveyor_for_the_Republic_of_Texas_and_developed_a_reputation_as_an_Indian_fighter._This_led_to_his_election_to_the_Texas_House_of_Representatives_in_1839._During_the_campaign,_McCulloch_participated_in_a_duel_with_his_opponent_and_was_shot_in_his_right_arm,_leaving_it_crippled_for_life._He_served_as_a_scout_for_the_Texas_Rangers_during_the_war_with_Mexico_and_was_promoted_to_Major._He_joined_the_Gold_Rush_to_California_after_the_war._After_Texas_seceded_from_the_Union_on_February_1st,_1861,_McCulloch_was_commissioned_in_the_Confederate_Army_as_a_Colonel,_and_immediately_organized_the_surrender_of_all_the_Federal_property_in_San_Antonio._He_was_subsequently_promoted_to_Brigadier_General_on_May_11th,_1861._He_was_placed_in_command_of_the_Indian_Territory_and_formed_the_piecemeal_Army_of_the_West._McCulloch_led_a_decisive_victory_for_the_Confederates_at_the_Battle_of_Wilson's_Creek_on_August_10,_1861._On_March_7th,_1862,_at_the_Battle_of_Pea_Ridge,_Arkansas,_he_was_shot_out_of_the_saddle_while_scouting_ahead_of_his_main_force._Brig._Gen._James_McIntosh_was_shot_and_killed_moments_later_while_trying_to_retrieve_McCulloch's_body,_and_their_loss_proved_too_much_for_the_Confederates,_who_lost_the_battle__and_with_it_any_hope_of_controlling_Missouri_or_retaining_control_of_Arkansas_itself._(Bio_by_Tom_Dean)	_____
609	McGowan,_S.	Gen609.pcx	2	8	0	216	27	9	1	5	6	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex____
610	Mcintosh,_J.M.	Gen610.pcx	2	48	0	216	2	9	1	6	6	3	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav____wp_
611	Mackall,_W.W.	Gen611.pcx	2	24	0	216	14	9	1	5	6	4	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	16	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___powwp_
613	McNair,_E.	Gen613.pcx	2	26	0	216	2	9	1	4	7	3	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex____
614	McRae,_D.	Gen614.pcx	2	20	0	216	2	9	1	3	3	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____resigned_
615	McRae,_W.	Gen615.pcx	2	82	0	216	23	9	1	5	6	2	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
617	Mahone,_W.	Gen617.pcx	2	44	0	216	31	9	1	5	8	5	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
618	Major,_J.P.	Gen618.pcx	2	20	0	216	19	9	1	5	6	4	5	3	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav____wp_
619	Maney,_G.E.	Gen619.pcx	2	20	0	216	28	9	1	6	7	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex____
620	Manigault,_A.M.	Gen620.pcx	2	30	0	216	27	9	1	4	5	4	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex____
621	Marmaduke,_J.S.	Gen621.pcx	2	54	0	216	2	9	1	2	5	3	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	19	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav____wp_
622	Marshall,_H.	Gen622.pcx	2	19	59	216	11	9	1	2	2	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	9	9	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Humphrey_Marshall_(b._1812,_d._1872)._Marshall_is_better_known_for_what_he_did_before_the_Civil_War_than_what_he_did_during_the_conflict._By_the_time_the_war_broke_out,_Marshall_had_been_a_U.S._Army_officer,_a_member_of_Congress_and_U.S._Minister_to_China._The_nephew_of_anti-slavery_leader_James_G._Birney,_Mashall_was_born_in_Frankfort,_Kentucky,_on_January_13,_1812._He_attended_the_U.S._Military_Academy_at_West_Point,_graduating_in_1832._He_resigned_his_commission_to_become_a_lawyer,_but_returned_to_service_for_the_Mexican_War,_serving_as_Colonel_of_the_1st_Kentucky_Cavalry._Braxton_Bragg,_later_his_commander,_recalled_that_Marshall_and_his_men_did_some_fine_running_and_no_fighting_while_in_Mexico._Returning_from_the_war,_Marshall_was_elected_to_Congress_as_a_Whig_in_1848_and_held_his_seat_until_1859,_except_for_a_one-year_term_as_U.S._Minister_to_China_in_1854._When_the_Civil_War_began,_Marshall_at_first_backed_Kentuckys_neutrality,_but_did_not_like_Federal_coercion_and_left_while_under_suspicion_of_treason._A_large_man_who_weighed_300_pounds,_Marshall_accepted_a_commission_as_a_brigadier_general_in_the_Confederate_Army_on_October_30,_1861,_and_was_given_command_of_the_Army_of_Southwestern_Virginia_(later_renamed_the_Army_of_East_Tennessee)._This_small_force_fought_to_gain_control_of_eastern_Kentucky_for_the_Confederacy._Marshalls_biggest_success_was_at_the_minor_skirmish_at_Princeton,_Virginia,_though_a_defeat_to_James_Garfield_at_Pound_Gap_is_perhaps_more_notable_simply_because_of_his_opponents_later_fame._Having_been_refused_an_independent_command,_Marshall_resigned_his_commission_on_June_16,_1862,_but_was_persuaded_to_withdraw_his_resignation_and_he_was_reappointed_four_days_later_with_rank_from_his_first_date_of_commission._That_fall,_Marshall_served_in_Braggs_Kentucky_Invasion,_though_Marshalls_command_was_slow_arriving_and_he_clashed_with_Bragg._Marshall_was_also_said_to_have_conferred_with_Gen._Edmund_Kirby_Smith_against_Bragg._At_the_end_of_the_campaign_that_October,_Marshall_was_given_permission_to_take_his_own_command_back_to_western_Virginia._He_saw_no_major_actions_after_that._Marshall_resigned_his_commission_for_a_second_time_on_June_17,_1863,_and_returned_to_politics,_serving_as_a_member_of_the_Second_Confederate_Congress_representing_Kentucky_through_the_end_of_the_war._Marshall_fled_to_Texas_after_the_Civil_War_ended,_but_returned_to_Louisville_to_practice_law_in_1866._He_died_March_28,_1872,_and_is_buried_in_the_State_Cemetery_at_Frankfort,_Kentucky._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_mex___resignedwp_
623	Martin,_J.G.	Gen623.pcx	2	18	0	216	23	9	1	5	7	4	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
624	Martin,_W.T.	Gen624.pcx	2	16	0	216	18	9	1	5	8	1	2	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav_____
625	Maury,_D.H.	Gen625.pcx	2	29	0	216	31	9	1	4	4	4	4	3	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._Dabney_Herndon_Maury_(b._1822,_d._1900)._Like_many_of_his_contemporaries,_Maury_was_a_veteran_of_the_Mexican_War_before_entering_Confederate_service_for_the_Civil_War._He_was_born_on_May_21,_1822,_in_Fredericksburg,_Virginia,_and_graduated_from_the_University_of_Virginia_with_the_Class_of_1842._After_starting_his_law_study,_Maury_received_an_appointment_to_the_U.S._Military_Academy_and_became_a_member_of_the_Class_of_1846,_graduating_27th_of_59._During_the_Mexican_War,_Maury_received_a_brevet_to_first_lieutenant_for_gallant_and_meritorious_service_at_Cerro_Gordo,_a_battle_in_which_he_was_wounded._He_next_served_as_an_instructor_at_West_Point,_and_then_from_1852_to_1858_served_in_Texas._Maury_then_headed_to_Carlisle,_Pennsylvania_to_become_superintendent_of_the_cavalry_school_at_Carlisle_Barracks,_using_his_time_there_to_write_a_manual_for_cavalry_skirmish_drill._Maury_was_serving_in_New_Mexico_in_May_1861_when_he_attempted_to_resign_from_the_army,_but_his_resignation_was_not_accepted;_however,_on_June_25,_1861_he_was_dismissed_from_service_by_the_War_Department,_which_wrote_to_Maury_that_it_had_been_demonstrated_that_he_entertained_and_had_expressed_treasonable_designs,_ending_what_has_been_called_a_distinguished_career._Maury_entered_Confederate_service_as_a_cavalry_captain_and_became_adjutant_general_to_Gen._T.H._Holmes_in_Fredericksburg_in_the_fall_of_1861,_subsequently_serving_as_a_colonel_and_chief_of_staff_for_Gen._Earl_Van_Dorn,_who_was_then_in_charge_of_the_Trans-Mississippi_Department._For_his_conduct_at_the_Battle_of_Elkhorn_Tavern_(Pea_Ridge),_Maury_was_praised_by_Van_Dorn_and_promoted_to_brigadier_general_on_March_18,_1862_(to_rank_from_March_12)._In_this_capacity,_he_led_troops_at_Iuka_and_Corinth,_where_he_commanded_Van_Dorns_center._Maury_received_appointment_to_major_general_on_November_4,_1862._After_service_near_Vicksburg_and_a_brief_stint_in_charge_of_the_Department_of_East_Tennessee,_Maury_was_assigned_to_command_the_District_of_the_Gulf_in_Mobile._He_fortified_Mobile_despite_losing_much_of_his_personnel_to_other_commands._Maury_defended_Mobile_until_forced_to_retreat_with_his_remaining_forces_in_March_1865._After_the_war,_he_became_the_founder_of_the_Southern_Historical_Society_in_1868,_and_served_on_the_executive_committee_of_the_National_Guard_Association._For_four_years,_Maury_was_the_U.S._minister_to_Columbia._In_his_old_age,_he_was_asked_to_lend_his_name_as_one_of_the_supervisors_of_the_Louisiana_Lottery,_but_declined._He_wrote_his_memoirs,_Recollections_of_a_Virginian,_in_1894._Maury_died_on_January_11,_1900,_in_Peoria,_Illinois,_while_visiting_the_home_of_one_of_his_sons._He_is_buried_in_Fredericksburg._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	cav_mex___wp_
626	Maxey,_S.B.	Gen626.pcx	2	28	0	216	29	9	1	4	3	3	3	4	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Samuel_Bell_Maxey_(b._1825,_d._1895)._Although_appointed_to_serve_as_a_major_general_by_Gen._Edmund_Kirby_Smith,_Maxey_never_was_nominated_for_or_approved_for_the_rank._Maxey_was_born_in_Tompkinsville,_Kentucky,_on_March_30,_1825._Attending_the_U.S._Military_Academy_and_graduating_with_the_West_Point_Class_of_1846,_he_was_sent_to_fight_in_Mexico,_where_he_received_a_brevet_for_gallantry._In_1849,_Maxey_left_the_army_to_study_law._In_1857,_he_moved_to_Texas_with_his_father,_where_the_two_practiced_in_a_law_partnership._Maxey_briefly_served_as_a_district_attorney_prior_to_the_outbreak_of_the_Civil_War._Helping_to_organize_the_9th_Texas_Infantry,_Maxey_was_commissioned_as_its_colonel,_and_he_brought_his_men_to_Memphis,_Tennessee._A_promotion_to_brigadier_general_followed,_on_March_4,_1862._Maxey_commanded_troops_in_East_Tennessee,_and_formed_the_defense_of_Chattanooga_during_the_spring_of_1862._After_patrolling_central_Tennessee,_Maxeys_men_went_to_the_defense_Port_Hudson_and_Vicksburg_under_Gen._Joseph_E._Johnston._In_December_1863,_Maxey_was_placed_in_charge_of_the_Indian_Territory,_where_he_recruited,_organized_and_equipped_members_of_the_Creek,_Cherokee_and_Choctaw_nations._On_April_18,_1864,_he_led_the_new_cavalry_unit_he_had_raised_at_the_Battle_of_Poison_Spring,_Arkansas,_during_Union_Gen._Frederick_Steeles_Camden_Campaign._Maxey_had_received_his_upgrade_to_major_general_on_April_14,_1864,_but_as_with_many_other_Trans-Mississippi_promotions_put_forward_by_Smith,_this_one_never_received_blessings_from_Richmond._In_the_closing_months_of_the_war,_he_commanded_a_division_in_Houston,_Texas._After_the_war,_Maxey_returned_to_law_practice_in_Paris,_Texas._He_declined_a_seat_on_the_Texas_bench_in_1873,_and_instead_was_elected_to_the_U.S._Senate_in_1875,_serving_two_terms._While_in_the_Senate,_Maxey_advocated_fiscal_conservatism_and_was_an_advocate_for_the_individual_property_rights_of_Native_Americans._He_was_defeated_while_running_for_his_third_term_in_1887._Maxey_died_in_Eureka_Springs,_Arkansas,_on_August_16,_1895,_and_was_buried_in_Paris,_Texas._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	cav_mex___wp_
627	Mercer,_H.W.	Gen627.pcx	2	19	0	216	6	9	1	3	2	2	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Hugh_Weedon_Mercer_(b._1808,_d._1877)._The_grandson_of_Revolutionary_War_Gen._Hugh_Mercer,_Mercer_was_born_in_Fredericksburg,_Virginia,_on_November_27,_1808_at_The_Sentry_Box,_a_house_built_by_another_Revolutionary_War_figure,_Gen._George_Weedon_(Hugh_Mercers_brother-in-law),_that_survived_the_Battle_of_Fredericksburg_largely_unscathed_due_to_Union_Gen._Ambrose_E._Burnsides_desire_to_preserve_it._Mercer_attended_the_U.S._Military_Academy_and_graduated_third_in_the_West_Point_Class_of_1828._For_a_time,_he_was_stationed_in_Savannah,_Georgia,_and_he_married_into_a_local_family._Resigning_his_commission_on_April_30,_1835,_he_settled_in_Savannah._From_1841_until_the_outbreak_of_the_Civil_War,_Mercer_was_a_cashier_at_the_Planters_Bank,_and_also_served_in_the_artillery_of_a_local_militia._When_Georgia_left_the_Union,_he_entered_Confederate_service_as_Colonel_of_the_1st_Georgia_Volunteers,_and_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general_on_October_29,_1861._Mercer_was_given_command_of_the_District_of_Georgia,_and_his_brigade,_consisting_of_Georgia_regiments,_was_on_garrison_duty_in_Savannah_for_most_of_the_war._During_the_1864_Atlanta_Campaign,_Mercer_left_Savannah_to_command_a_brigade_in_the_Army_of_Tennessee,_first_in_the_division_of_Gen._W.H.T._Walker_and_later_in_the_division_of_Gen._Patrick_Cleburne._After_the_Battle_of_Jonesborough_on_August_31-September_1,_1864,_the_battle_whose_outcome_finally_put_Atlanta_in_the_hands_of_the_invading_Union_force,_Mercer_left_field_duty._Due_to_poor_health,_he_was_sent_back_to_Savannah_to_serve_under_Gen._William_J._Hardee_in_the_defense_of_the_city._Briefly_imprisoned_at_Fort_Pulaski_after_being_captured,_Mercer_was_paroled_in_Macon,_Georgia,_on_May_13,_1865._He_returned_to_banking_in_Savannah,_but_moved_to_Baltimore_in_1869,_becoming_a_commission_merchant_for_three_years_before_his_health_deteriorated._Mercer_died_on_June_9,_1877_in_Baden-Baden,_Germany,_where_had_spent_the_final_five_years_of_his_life_seeking_a_cure_for_the_illness_he_had_contracted_in_eastern_Tennessee_during_the_Atlanta_Campaign._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	____wp_
628	Miller,_W.	Gen628.pcx	2	18	0	216	5	9	1	3	2	1	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._William_Miller_(b._1820,_d._1909)._Mexican_War_veteran_Millers_Confederate_Army_career_was_closely_linked_to_Florida_troops._Born_in_Ithaca,_New_York,_on_August_3,_1820,_Miller_moved_to_Louisiana_with_his_family_as_an_infant._He_was_educated_at_Louisiana_College_and_studied_law_after_graduating._During_the_Mexican_War,_Miller_fought_under_Gen._Zachary_Taylor,_and_after_the_war_he_settled_near_Pensacola,_Florida._When_the_Civil_War_started,_he_had_been_operating_a_saw_mill_in_Santa_Rosa_County._His_first_Confederate_command_was_as_a_major_in_charge_of_six_companies_that_became_part_of_the_1st_Florida_Infantry._This_unit_fought_at_Shiloh_and_was_part_of_Gen._Braxton_Braggs_Kentucky_Invasion_in_late_1862._Seriously_wounded_at_Murfreesboro,_Miller_was_named_commandant_of_conscripts_for_Florida._Having_been_promoted_to_brigadier_general_on_August_2,_1864,_Miller_was_made_commander_of_Floridas_reserve_forces,_and_he_later_commanded_the_District_of_Florida._After_the_war,_Miller_moved_to_Washington_County,_Florida,_and_returned_to_the_lumber_business,_and_also_owned_a_large_farm._Entering_politics,_he_served_one_term_in_the_lower_house_of_the_Florida_legislature,_beginning_in_1885._Miller_was_later_elected_to_the_state_senate_in_1886_and_in_1903._He_died_in_Point_Washington,_Florida,_on_August_8,_1909._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_____
629	Moody,_Y.M.	Gen629.pcx	2	86	0	216	1	9	1	3	8	2	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
630	Moore,_J.C.	Gen630.pcx	2	33	74	216	29	9	1	3	3	2	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._John_Creed_Moore_(b._1824,_d._1910)._For_Moore,_the_Civil_War_ended_on_February_3,_1864._Thats_when_he_resigned_his_Confederate_commission_as_a_brigadier_general._Moore_was_born_in_Hawkins_County,_Tennessee,_on_February_28,_1824._After_attending_Emory_and_Henry_College,_he_moved_to_the_U.S._Military_Academy,_graduating_with_the_West_Point_Class_of_1849._Moore_saw_action_in_the_Seminole_War_and_garrison_duty_at_Santa_Fe_and_Baton_Rouge._Having_had_enough_of_army_life,_he_resigned_in_1855._The_year_1861_began_with_Moore_working_as_a_professor_at_Kentuckys_Shelby_College,_but_he_soon_wound_up_in_Galveston,_Texas,_where_he_helped_to_organize_the_2nd_Texas_Infantry_and_was_elected_that_units_colonel._Moore_led_this_regiment_at_the_Battle_of_Shiloh_in_April_1862_and_received_praise_from_his_superior,_Gen._Jones_M._Withers._In_the_aftermath_of_the_battle,_Moore_was_one_of_the_officers_promoted,_and_he_became_a_brigadier_general_on_May_26,_1862._Moore_was_assigned_to_Withers_division_of_the_Army_of_the_West_as_commander_of_the_3rd_Brigade,_Third_Division._In_this_capacity,_he_fought_at_Corinth,_Iuka_and_in_the_Vicksburg_Campaign._When_that_city_was_sacked,_Moore_became_a_Union_prisoner_until_his_exchange_on_Sept._12,_1863._Moore_was_soon_back_in_combat,_fighting_in_the_Battle_of_Lookout_Mountain_during_the_Chattanooga_Campaign._(Gen._Ulysses_S._Grant_claimed_that_Moores_participation_was_in_violation_because_he_had_not_officially_been_exchanged;_but,_when_the_records_were_later_examined,_the_argument_was_resolved_in_Moores_favor_in_1876.)_After_Lookout_Mountain,_Moores_former_army_commander,_Gen._Dabney_H._Maury,_claimed_that_Moore_was_not_properly_employed_there_and_had_him_assigned_to_command_the_Eastern_and_Western_Districts_of_the_Department_of_the_Gulf_on_December_10,_1863._Assigned_to_the_defenses_of_Mobile,_Alabama,_Moore_served_a_brief_time_in_this_role_before_resigning._After_that,_he_taught_school_in_Texas,_residing_in_Mexia_and_Dallas._Moore_was_a_contributor_to_magazines_and_journals_before_he_died_in_Osage,_Texas,_on_December_31,_1910._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	art____wp_
631	Moore,_P.T.	Gen631.pcx	2	32	0	216	31	9	1	4	6	4	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
633	Morgan,_J.T.	Gen633.pcx	2	88	0	216	1	9	1	3	6	4	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	13	0	0	0	nobio	_____
634	Mouton,_J.J.	Gen634.pcx	2	46	0	216	12	9	1	5	4	4	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
635	Carr,_E.A.	Gen635.pcx	1	30	0	215	7	9	1	4	3	2	2	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav____relieved_
636	Carr,_J.B.	Gen636.pcx	1	28	0	215	22	9	1	5	8	1	6	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____goodwp-1st_
637	Carrington,_H.B.	Gen637.pcx	1	40	0	215	24	9	1	2	5	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
638	Caroll,_S.S.	Gen638.pcx	1	44	0	215	24	9	1	3	5	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
639	Carter,_S.P.	Gen639.pcx	1	78	0	215	28	9	1	2	4	4	4	4	0	0	8	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav____wp_2nd_
640	Casey,_S.	Gen640.pcx	1	32	0	215	26	9	1	4	5	4	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___pow_
641	Catterson,_R.F.	Gen641.pcx	1	14	0	215	8	9	1	2	5	2	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	3	4	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
643	Chambers,_A.	Gen643.pcx	1	78	0	215	9	9	1	3	4	4	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	17	-1	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
644	Champlin,_S.G.	Gen644.pcx	1	60	0	215	16	9	1	3	6	3	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
645	Chapin,_E.P.	Gen645.pcx	1	44	0	215	22	9	1	4	7	4	3	0	0	0	0	3	0	0	0	7	0	0	0	0	nobio	____pruss_army_
646	Chapman,_G.H.	Gen646.pcx	1	54	0	215	8	9	1	2	6	4	3	3	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav____wp_
647	Chetlain,_A.L.	Gen647.pcx	1	82	0	215	7	9	1	3	4	1	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
648	Chrysler,_M.H.	Gen648.pcx	1	70	0	215	22	9	1	6	7	2	4	4	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav____wp_
649	Clark,_W.T.	Gen649.pcx	1	98	0	215	9	9	1	3	4	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
650	Clay,_C.M.	Gen650.pcx	1	84	0	215	11	9	1	1	3	3	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	6	20	7	0	0	nobio	_____
651	Clayton,_P.	Gen651.pcx	1	30	0	215	10	9	1	5	4	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav____wp_
652	Cluseret,_G.P.	Gen652.pcx	1	86	0	215	19	9	1	3	4	4	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____medal_honor_
653	Cochrane,_J.	Gen653.pcx	1	42	0	215	22	9	1	4	4	4	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
654	Connor,_P.E.	Gen654.pcx	1	36	0	215	0	9	1	4	4	1	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
655	Connor,_S.	Gen655.pcx	1	52	0	215	13	9	1	2	7	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	13	11	0	0	0	nobio	_____
656	Cook,_J.	Gen656.pcx	1	82	0	215	7	9	1	5	3	3	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
657	Cooke,_P.S.	Gen657.pcx	1	28	0	215	31	9	1	3	5	3	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	23	-1	0	0	0	nobio	cav_mex____
658	Cooper,_J.	Gen658.pcx	1	20	0	215	14	9	1	4	6	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
659	MacArthur,_J.	Gen659.pcx	1	84	0	215	7	9	1	4	6	4	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____top10_
660	McCall,_G.A.	Gen660.pcx	1	24	0	215	25	9	1	4	6	4	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
662	McClernand,_J.A.	Gen662.pcx	1	8	0	215	7	9	1	3	6	5	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____top10wp_
663	McCook,_A.M.	Gen663.pcx	1	8	0	215	24	9	1	3	7	1	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav_____
664	McCook,_D.Jr.	Gen664.pcx	1	16	0	215	24	9	1	5	3	4	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
665	McCook,_E.M.	Gen665.pcx	1	38	0	215	24	9	1	2	4	2	3	6	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	11	8	0	0	0	nobio	cav____wp_
666	Dumont,_E.	Gen666.pcx	1	38	0	215	8	9	1	3	3	4	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	4	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___wp_
667	Duryee,_A.	Gen667.pcx	1	16	0	215	22	9	1	3	4	1	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	8	13	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
668	Duval,_I.H.	Gen668.pcx	1	14	0	215	31	9	1	4	4	0	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____unpopularwp_
669	Dwight,_W.	Gen669.pcx	1	88	0	215	22	9	1	3	5	0	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____relievedwp_
670	Dyer,_A.B.	Gen670.pcx	1	44	0	215	31	9	1	4	3	1	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	art_mex___relievedwp_
671	Walker,_H.H.	Gen671.pcx	2	88	0	216	31	9	1	4	6	5	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
672	Walker,_J.A.	Gen672.pcx	2	60	0	216	31	9	1	6	3	4	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	16	15	0	0	0	nobio	_____
673	Walker,_J.G.	Gen673.pcx	2	56	0	216	19	9	1	5	7	2	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	13	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex____
674	Walker,_L.P.	Gen674.pcx	2	24	0	216	1	9	1	3	5	4	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	7	0	0	0	0	nobio	____resigned_
675	Walker,_L.M.	Gen675.pcx	2	16	0	216	28	9	1	5	4	4	4	3	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	11	3	1	0	0	nobio	_killed_in_a_duel_by_gen_marmaduke___wp_
676	Walker,_R.L.	Gen676.pcx	2	28	0	216	31	9	1	5	7	4	5	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	2	10	15	0	0	nobio	art____vmi_
677	Walker,_W.H.	Gen677.pcx	2	98	0	216	6	9	1	5	6	4	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	25	19	0	0	nobio	_mex___wp_
678	Walker,_W.S.	Gen678.pcx	2	8	0	216	18	9	1	8	8	3	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	6	0	0	0	nobio	CAV_MEX____
679	Wallace,_W.H.	Gen679.pcx	2	42	0	216	27	9	1	5	6	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
680	Walthall,_E.C.	Gen680.pcx	2	54	0	216	18	9	1	6	4	1	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	17	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
681	Waterhouse,_R.	Gen681.pcx	2	54	0	216	29	9	1	5	7	3	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex____
682	Watie,_S.	Gen682.pcx	2	78	0	48	0	9	1	4	7	3	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	19	8	0	0	0	nobio	cav__recruited_Cherokee___
683	Waul,_T.N.	Gen683.pcx	2	80	0	216	29	9	1	6	8	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
684	Wayne,_H.C.	Gen684.pcx	2	64	0	216	6	9	1	5	6	3	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	17	9	0	0	0	nobio	art_mex__releived_in_field_:admin_wp_
685	Weisiger,_D.A.	Gen685.pcx	2	22	0	216	31	9	1	2	6	4	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex____
686	Wharton,_G.C.	Gen686.pcx	2	80	0	216	31	9	1	4	4	3	4	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Gabriel_C._Wharton_(b._1824,_d._1906)._Wharton_was_born_in_Culpepper_County,_Virginia,_on_July_23,_1824._He_graduated_second_in_the_Virginia_Military_Institute_class_of_1847_and_became_a_civil_engineer._He_was_involved_in_mining_in_Arizona_before_the_outbreak_of_the_war,_when_he_joined_the_45th_Virginia_Regiment_that_July_and_was_elected_Major._Wharton_was_made_Colonel_of_the_51st_Virginia_Regiment_in_August,_1861._His_first_action_came_with_Gen._John_B._Floyds_Western_Virginia_Campaign._Defending_Fort_Donaldson,_Wharton_escaped_with_Floyd_in_February,_1862._Sent_east,_Wharton_commanded_units_under_Gen._William_W._Loring_and_Gen._Samuel_Jones_in_the_western_part_of_Virginia._He_received_his_promotion_to_Brigadier_General_on_July_8,_1863,_and_briefly_commanded_the_Valley_District._During_the_winter_and_spring_of_1863-64,_Wharton_served_with_Gen._James_Longstreets_command_in_East_Tennessee._He_commanded_a_brigade_at_the_Battle_of_New_Market_and_pursued_Federal_forces_under_Gen._David_Hunter._His_brigade_fought_in_Gen._Jubal_Earlys_Shenandoah_Campaign_and_subsequent_attacks_into_Maryland_and_Washington,_D.C._Whartons_command_was_soundly_defeated_at_Waynesboro_in_March_of_1865._Having_been_paroled_at_Lynchburg_on_June_21,_1865,_he_resided_in_Radford,_Va.,_for_the_remainder_of_his_life._Several_times_elected_to_the_state_senate,_Wharton_spent_much_of_his_time_developing_mining_in_Virginia._He_died_on_May_12,_1906._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	____vmi_
687	Wharton,_J.A.	Gen687.pcx	2	60	0	216	29	9	1	5	4	4	4	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	13	0	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._John_A._Wharton_(b._1828,_d._1865)._Friendly_Fire_takes_a_whole_new_meaning_in_the_death_of_Wharton._Differing_in_military_matters_with_Col._George_W._Baylor_of_the_Second_Texas_Cavalry,_the_officers_met_in_Gen._John_B._Magruders_Houston_hotel_quarters_on_April_6,_1865._According_to_Baylors_account,_Wharton_slapped_Baylor_and_called_him_a_liar._Baylor_then_shot_and_killed_Wharton,_who_was_found_to_be_unarmed._Nearly_thirty-seven_years_earlier,_Wharton_was_born_near_Nashville,_Tenn.,_on_July_3,_1828._Early_in_his_life,_he_moved_with_his_father_to_Texas._Educated_locally,_and_later_at_South_Carolina_College,_Wharton_was_admitted_to_the_Brazoria,_Texas,_bar_and_practiced_law_locally_until_the_outbreak_of_the_Civil_War._Elected_to_the_secession_convention,_Wharton_continued_his_service_to_the_Confederacy_in_Col._B.F._Terrys_Texas_Rangers_(Eighth_Texas_Cavalry)_and_was_elected_captain_of_one_of_the_units_companies._After_the_deaths_of_Terry_and_Lt._Col._Thomas_S._Lubbock,_Wharton_distinguished_himself_while_leading_the_Eighth_Texas_Cavalry_at_the_Battle_of_Shiloh_and_being_wounded_in_action._He_was_back_with_his_unit_for_the_Kentucky_Campaign_of_1862._Fighting_with_cavalry_under_Gen._Nathan_B._Forrest_and_Gen._Joseph_Wheeler,_Wharton_again_was_up_to_the_challenge_at_Murfreesboro_and_Chickamauga._He_was_promoted_to_Major_General_on_Nov._10,_1863,_and_assigned_to_command_the_cavalry_in_Gen._Richard_Taylors_department._He_led_units_in_the_final_stages_of_the_Red_River_Campaign,_contributing_to_the_final_defeat_of_Union_Gen._Nathaniel_P._Banks._He_continued_his_service_in_the_Trans-Mississippi_theater_until_his_death._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	cav_____
689	Whitfield,_J.W.	Gen689.pcx	2	44	0	216	29	9	1	5	6	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav_mex____
690	Whiting,_W.H.C.	Gen690.pcx	2	56	0	216	18	9	1	7	7	1	5	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	__engineer__1stin_classwp_
691	Wickham,_W.C.	Gen691.pcx	2	14	0	216	31	9	1	4	7	2	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav_____
692	Wigfall,_L.T.	Gen692.pcx	2	19	27	216	29	9	1	3	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	12	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Louis_Trezevant_Wigfall_(b._1816,_d._1874)._An_advocate_of_secession_for_most_of_his_life,_Wigfall_was_born_near_Edgefield,_South_Carolina_on_April_21,_1816._His_major_contributions_to_the_Confederate_cause_came_not_on_the_battlefield,_but_in_the_U.S._and_Confederate_Senates._Educated_at_the_University_of_Virginia_and_South_Carolina_College,_Wigfall_graduated_from_the_latter_with_the_Class_of_1837._After_moving_to_Marshall,_Texas,_in_1848,_he_was_elected_to_both_houses_of_the_state_legislature,_and_in_1859_waged_a_successful_campaign_for_the_U.S._Senate._Serving_in_that_body,_Wigfall_was_a_thorn_in_the_side_of_northern_senators,_and_in_early_1861_was_a_key_player_in_the_defeat_of_the_Crittenden_Compromise,_which_was_an_attempt_to_keep_southern_states_from_seceding_by_offering_certain_concessions._From_his_Senate_seat_he_advocated_withdrawal_of_the_southern_states_from_the_Union,_until_his_own_withdrawal_from_the_Senate_on_March_23,_soon_after_Texas_had_seceded__a_decision_that_he_had_promoted,_putting_him_at_loggerheads_with_Sam_Houston._Wigfall,_who_while_still_in_office_had_written_to_South_Carolina_officials_urging_them_to_seize_Fort_Sumter,_was_present_at_its_bombardment_as_an_aide_to_Gen._P.G.T._Beauregard,_and_in_that_capacity_had_gained_fame_throughout_the_South_by_rowing_out_to_the_fort_during_the_standoff_to_demand_its_surrender._While_serving_as_a_member_of_the_Provisional_Confederate_Congress,_Wigfall_also_served_in_the_army,_first_as_a_lieutenant_colonel_of_the_Texas_Battalion_before_being_commissioned_as_Colonel_of_the_1st_Texas_Infantry_on_August_28,_1861._Pres._Jefferson_Davis_appointed_him_a_brigadier_general_two_months_later,_on_October_21,_1861,_and_he_gained_command_of_the_Texas_Brigade._After_briefly_leading_the_Texas_Brigade,_Wigfall_resigned_his_commission_on_February_20,_1862,_to_take_a_seat_in_the_Confederate_Senate,_ending_his_military_service._A_supporter_of_Gen._Joseph_E._Johnston_and_a_violent_opponent_of_Pres._Jefferson_Davis_conduct_of_the_war,_Wigfall_worked_to_pass_legislation_intended_to_reduce_presidential_powers._He_also_pushed_for_passage_of_the_bill_to_make_Robert_E._Lee_general-in-chief_of_all_Confederate_armies_in_the_closing_weeks_of_the_war._Wigfall_escaped_to_England_via_Galveston,_Texas_after_the_war_and_returned_to_the_United_States_in_1872,_and_to_Galveston,_Texas,_in_1874,_dying_there_on_February_18_of_that_year._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_____
693	Wilcox,_C.M.	Gen693.pcx	2	19	0	216	1	9	1	4	4	3	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	0	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._Cadmus_Marcells_Wilcox_(b._1824,_d._1890)._Wilcox_was_born_May_29,_1824,_in_Wayne_County,_N.C._Growing_up_in_Tennessee,_Wilcox_received_an_appointment_to_the_U.S._Military_Academy_at_West_Point_in_1842._He_graduated_with_the_Class_of_1846_and_received_his_commission._In_the_Mexican_War,_Wilcox_was_brevetted_first_lieutenant_for_his_conduct_at_Chapultepec._He_published_Rifles_and_Rifle_Practice_in_1859._Wilcox_resigned_his_U.S._Army_commission_on_June_8,_1861,_joining_the_Ninth_Alabama_Infantry_as_its_colonel._After_fighting_at_First_Manassas,_Wilcox_was_elevated_to_Brigadier_General_Oct._21,_1861._From_that_time_forward,_Wilcox_was_at_nearly_every_major_battle_of_the_Army_of_Northern_Virginia._After_the_Battle_of_Gettysburg,_he_was_promoted_to_major_general_on_Aug._3,_1863,_and_took_command_of_the_division_previously_under_Gen._William_D._Pender._He_led_the_defense_of_Fort_Gregg_at_the_Petersburg_lines,_holding_out_long_enough_to_allow_Gen._James_Longstreets_command_to_cover_the_retreat._After_the_war,_Wilcox_settled_in_Washington,_D.C.,_and_Pres._Grover_Cleveland_later_appointed_him_chief_of_the_railroad_division_of_the_Land_Office._He_held_that_post_until_his_death_Dec._2,_1890._He_was_so_esteemed_by_those_of_the_North_as_well_as_the_South_that_four_pallbearers_at_his_funeral_were_former_U.S._Army_generals_and_the_other_four_were_former_Confederate_Army_generals._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_mex___wp_
694	Willams,_J.S.	Gen694.pcx	2	30	0	216	11	9	1	4	4	3	4	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._John_S._Williams_(b._1818,_d._1898)._Cerro_Gordo_Williams_was_born_near_Mount_Sterling,_Kentucky,_on_July_10,_1818_and_graduated_from_Miami_(Ohio)_University_with_the_Class_of_1839._He_earned_bar_admission_and_opened_a_law_practice_in_Paris,_Kentucky._During_the_Mexican_War,_Williams_joined_the_army_and_was_a_captain_of_an_independent_company_attached_to_the_6th_U.S._Infantry._Later,_he_became_a_colonel_of_Kentucky_volunteers._His_earned_his_nickname_for_his_conduct_at_the_Battle_of_Cerro_Gordo._After_his_first_war,_he_became_a_member_of_the_Kentucky_legislature_in_1851._Originally_opposed_to_secession,_Williams_changed_his_stance_due_to_his_feelings_regarding_what_he_perceived_as_an_overbearing_Federal_government._He_joined_the_Confederate_Army_as_a_Colonel_with_the_Fifth_Kentucky_Infantry_on_Nov._16,_1861,_and_was_advanced_to_Brigadier_General_on_April_16_of_the_following_year._His_unit_served_in_eastern_Kentucky_and_southwestern_Virginia_under_Gen._Humphrey_Marshall._When_Marshall_resigned,_Williams_advanced_to_command_the_Department_of_East_Tennessee_in_1863,_opposing_Burnsides_advance_on_Knoxville._Relieved_at_his_own_request,_he_continued_to_command_units_in_the_area_and_played_a_key_role_in_defeating_a_Federal_attack_on_the_Abingdon,_Virginia,_salt_works._In_1864,_Williams_unit_joined_the_command_of_Gen._Joseph_Wheeler,_but_became_separated_from_the_main_unit_during_a_raid_into_Tennessee_in_August_1864._He_again_moved_to_southwestern_Virginia,_fighting_there_until_the_end_of_the_war._He_became_a_Kentucky_farmer_after_the_war_but_was_elected_to_the_state_legislature_again_in_1873_and_1875._He_ran_an_unsuccessful_campaign_for_governor_in_1875,_but_won_election_to_the_U.S._Senate_in_1878._His_bid_for_a_second_term_ended_in_defeat_and_he_returned_to_farming._Williams_died_July_17,_1898_at_Mount_Sterling,_Kentucky._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	cav_____
695	Wilson,_C.C.	Gen695.pcx	2	68	0	216	6	9	1	3	3	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	12	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Claudius_Charles_Wilson_(b._1831,_d._1863)._Wilson_was_born_in_Effingham_County,_Georgia,_on_Oct._1,_1831._He_graduated_from_Emory_College_in_Oxford,_Ga.,_in_1851_and_read_law._He_was_admitted_to_the_Savannah_bar_in_1852_and_elected_solicitor-general_for_the_eastern_circuit_of_Georgia._He_resigned_in_1860_and_joined_the_Confederate_Army_as_Captain_of_Company_I,_25th_Georgia_Infantry_at_the_outbreak_of_war._Wilson_was_elected_Lieutenant_Colonel_of_the_regiment_Sept._2,_1861._After_serving_at_locations_along_the_Georgia_and_South_Carolina_coasts,_the_25th_Georgia_was_attached_to_Gen._Joseph_E._Johnstons_forces_in_the_Vicksburg_Campaign._Sent_to_Georgia,_Wilson_commanded_a_brigade_at_the_Battle_of_Chickamauga_in_the_reserve_corps_of_Gen._W.H.T._Walker._He_was_recommended_for_promotion_to_Brigadier_General,_but_died_of_camp_fever_at_Ringgold,_Georgia,_Nov._27,_1863._He_was_confirmed_as_a_brigadier_general_posthumously_by_the_Confederate_Senate_on_Feb._17,_1864._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_____
696	Winder,_C.S.	Gen696.pcx	2	28	0	216	27	9	1	5	4	3	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	9	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Charles_Sidney_Winder_(b._1829,_d._1862)._Winder_was_an_1850_graduate_of_the_U.S._Military_Academy_at_West_Point._Hailing_from_Talbot_County,_Maryland,_Winder_faced_his_first_real_test_against_Mother_Nature._On_the_way_to_Panama_on_a_troop_ship_in_1854,_Winder_showed_heroism_in_the_midst_of_a_hurricane_and_received_a_promotion_to_Captain_March_3,_1855._At_age_25,_he_was_said_to_be_the_youngest_in_his_grade_in_the_army._He_remained_in_the_army_until_April_1,_1861,_when_he_resigned_an_was_appointed_major_of_artillery_in_the_Regular_Confederate_Army_effective_March_16,_1861._He_participated_in_the_siege_of_Fort_Sumter_in_Charleston_Harbor_and_after_that_was_made_Colonel_of_the_Sixth_South_Carolina_Infantry_(July_8,_1861)._His_regiment_was_in_the_area_during_First_Manassas,_but_reached_the_battleground_too_late_to_see_an_active_role._He_was_promoted_Brigadier_General_in_the_Provisional_Confederate_Army_on_March_1,_1862_and_assigned_to_what_later_became_the_Stonewall_Brigade_in_Gen._Thomas_J._Stonewall_Jacksons_division._He_led_the_Virginia_regiments_through_Jacksons_Valley_Campaign_of_1862._During_the_Seven_Days_Campaign,_Winder_played_a_major_role_in_the_attack_at_Gaines_Mill._Prior_to_Second_Manassas,_Winder_was_commanding_Jacksons_Division_(while_Stonewall_himself_was_handling_a_corps)_and_was_fatally_wounded_by_a_shell_during_the_Battle_of_Cedar_Mountain_on_Aug._9,_1862,_finally_passing_a_few_hours_later._In_official_reports,_both_Jackson_and_Gen._Robert_E._Lee_lamented_his_passing._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	art____unpopwp_
697	Winder,_J.H.	Gen697.pcx	2	11	0	216	14	9	1	3	6	3	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._John_Henry_Winder,_CSA_(b._1800,_d._1865)._John_Henry_Winder_was_born_Feb._21,_1800_and_graduated_from_the_U.S._Military_Academy_at_West_Point_with_the_Class_of_1820._He_served_as_an_instructor_of_tactics_there_and_one_of_his_students_was_Jefferson_Davis._He_resigned_his_commission_in_1823,_but_was_reappointed_to_the_army_in_1827._During_the_Mexican_War,_he_received_brevets_to_Major_and_Lieutenant_Colonel_for_gallant_and_meritorious_conduct._He_resigned_his_commission_as_Major,_3rd_Artillery,_April_27,_1861._He_was_commissioned_a_Brigadier_General_in_the_Provisional_Confederate_Army_June_21,_1861,_and_made_provost_marshal_of_Richmond._His_responsibilities_includes_overseeing_prison_camps,_rounding_up_deserters_and_the_maintenance_and_order_of_the_city._He_also_fixed_commodity_prices_within_Richmond._He_was_made_commissary_general_of_prisoners_east_of_the_Mississippi_River_on_Nov._21,_1864._His_job_was_made_more_difficult_by_the_refusal_of_Federal_officials_to_exchange_prisoners._Burdened_with_his_difficult_duties,_Winder_died_in_Florence,_S.C.,_Feb._7,_1865._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	art__rand_andersonville_prison__wp_
698	Wise,_H.A.	Gen698.pcx	2	10	0	216	31	9	1	4	2	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Henry_Alexander_Wise_(b._1806,_d._1876)._Born_in_Drumondtown,_Va.,_Henry_Alexander_Wise_graduated_from_Washington_(Penn.)_College_in_1825._For_two_years,_he_was_a_Nashville_lawyer,_before_returning_to_Virginia._An_aggressive_supporter_of_states_rights,_he_was_elected_to_Congress_in_1833_as_a_Jacksonian_Democrat,_but_later_became_a_Whig._He_was_offered_a_Navy_portfolio_by_President_Tyler_and_was_rejected_by_the_Senate_as_minister_to_France._He_was_made_minister_to_Brazil_from_1844-47._He_changed_back_to_the_Democrat_party,_supporting_Franklin_Pierce_and_James_Buchanan_for_president._He_was_elected_governor_of_Virginia_from_1856-60._Despite_the_lack_of_military_training,_at_the_outbreak_of_hostilities,_Wise_was_appointed_Brigadier_General_on_June_5,_1861._The_Wise_Legion_and_other_troops_fought_under_his_command_in_the_West_Virginia_Campaign_(led_by_Gen._Robert_E._Lee)_and_in_North_Carolina_(under_Gen._P.G.T._Beauregard)._The_Legion_defended_Charleston,_S.C.,_and_fought_in_Florida._From_May_1864,_Wise_and_his_troops_were_on_the_Petersburg_lines,_at_Drewrys_Bluff_and_in_the_command_of_Gen._Richard_H._Anderson_while_defending_Richmond._After_the_Battle_of_Saylers_Creek,_two_days_before_the_surrender,_Gen._Lee_gave_Wise_a_division_command,_though_he_was_never_formally_appointed_major_general._After_the_war,_the_brother-in-law_of_Union_Maj._Gen._George_G._Meade_wrote_Seven_Decades_of_the_Union,_which_was_published_in_872._He_died_in_Richmond_Sept._12,_1876._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_____
699	Withers,_J.M.	Gen699.pcx	2	12	0	216	1	9	1	6	8	4	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___wp_
700	Wofford,_W.T.	Gen700.pcx	2	48	0	216	6	9	1	7	5	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex____
701	Wood,_S.A.	Gen701.pcx	2	24	0	216	1	9	1	5	7	3	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
702	Wright,_A.R.	Gen702.pcx	2	92	0	216	6	9	1	6	4	4	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	8	17	7	0	0	nobio	_____
703	Wright,_M.J.	Gen703.pcx	2	46	0	216	28	9	1	5	6	2	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	12	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
704	York,_Z.	Gen704.pcx	2	81	0	216	12	9	1	3	3	4	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Zebulon_York_(b._1819,_d._1900)._Born_in_Avon,_Maine,_York_was_one_of_a_small_number_of_northern-born_Confederate_generals._He_attended_Wesleyan_Seminary_(Kents_Hill,_Maine),_Transylvania_University_(Kentucky)_and_the_University_of_Louisiana_(now_Tulane),_graduating_with_a_law_degree._He_made_his_home_in_Vidalia,_Louisiana,_becoming_a_prominent_attorney_and_cotton_planter._In_early_1861,_York_and_his_partner_were_reported_to_own_six_plantations_with_1,700_slaves_and_an_annual_production_of_4,500_bales_of_cotton._When_the_Civil_War_began,_York_organized_a_company_of_infantry_which_was_incorporated_into_the_14th_Louisiana_Infantry._York_rose_in_rank,_being_elected_major,_lieutenant_colonel_and_colonel._He_fought_in_the_Peninsular_and_Seven_Days_campaigns_of_early_1862,_and_later_that_year_saw_action_at_Second_Bull_Run,_in_the_Maryland_Campaign_and_at_Fredericksburg._He_subsequently_returned_to_Louisiana_on_a_recruiting_assignment_and_missed_the_Battle_of_Chancellorsville_in_spring_of_1863,_but_was_present_for_the_Battle_of_Gettysburg_later_that_summer._York_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general_on_May_31,_1864,_and_put_in_command_of_what_was_left_of_the_brigades_of_Gen._Harry_T._Hays_and_Gen._Leroy_A._Stafford._Yorks_unit_participated_in_Gen_Jubal_A._Earlys_Valley_Campaign_later_that_year,_including_the_attempted_raid_on_Washington,_D.C._While_leading_his_unit_in_the_Third_Battle_of_Winchester_on_September_19,_York_was_hit_in_his_left_arm_badly_enough_that_it_had_to_be_amputated._After_his_recovery,_he_recruited_for_his_brigade_among_foreign-born_prisoners_of_war,_but_no_longer_served_on_the_front_lines._The_war_financially_ruined_York,_whose_plantations_had_been_destroyed,_but_he_recovered_and_later_ran_the_York_House,_a_fine_hotel,_in_Natchez,_Mississippi,_as_well_as_a_steamboat_operation_on_the_Mississippi_River._York_died_in_Natchez_on_August_5,_1900._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_____
705	Young,_P.M.B.	Gen705.pcx	2	65	0	216	6	9	1	5	3	5	4	6	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	6	4	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._Pierce_Manning_Butler_Young_(b._1836,_d._1896)._Born_in_Spartanburg,_South_Carolina,_Youngs_family_moved_to_Bartow_County,_Georgia_when_he_was_a_boy._His_initial_military_training_took_place_at_the_Georgia_Military_Institute,_and_he_was_appointed_to_West_Point_in_1857,_but_resigned_from_the_U.S._Military_Academy_two_months_before_graduation_when_Georgia_seceded._After_initially_serving_as_a_2nd_lieutenant_of_the_1st_Georgia_Infantry_and_then_serving_on_the_staff_of_Gen._Braxton_Bragg_at_Pensacola,_in_July_Young_joined_Cobbs_Legion,_the_integrated_force_of_Georgian_infantry,_cavalry_and_artillery_raised_by_Col._(later_Brig._Gen.)_Thomas_R.R._Cobb_in_the_summer_of_1861._Young_rapidly_rose_to_lieutenant_colonel_in_cavalry_by_November._In_1862,_Cobbs_Legions_cavalry_was_assigned_to_Gen._Wade_Hamptons_brigade_of_Gen._J.E.B._Stuarts_cavalry_division_in_the_Army_of_Northern_Virginia,_and_Young,_who_would_be_commissioned_colonel_on_November_1,_1862,_was_cited_by_Stuart_for_remarkable_gallantry_during_the_Maryland_Campaign_that_year._The_following_year,_having_performed_brilliantly_in_the_Battle_of_Brandy_Station_on_June_9_and_participated_in_the_Gettysburg_Campaign,_Young_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general,_on_September_28,_1863,_and_put_in_command_of_Hamptons_former_brigade,_with_which_he_achieved_great_successes_in_the_Bristoe_and_Mine_Run_Campaigns_of_the_next_two_months._In_1864,_Young_played_an_important_role_in_the_Wilderness_Campaign,_and_temporarily_assumed_command_of_Hamptons_division_after_Stuarts_death_in_the_Battle_of_Yellow_Tavern_on_May_11._That_November,_Young_was_sent_to_Augusta,_Georgia,_to_recruit_and_organize_the_citys_defenses_in_anticipation_of_the_arrival_of_Gen._William_T._Shermans_army._Young_received_a_temporary_promotion_to_major_general_on_December_30,_1864,_and_harassed_Shermans_advance_through_the_Carolinas_for_the_final_months_of_the_war._After_the_war,_Young_became_politically_active_and_served_five_terms_(or_parts_of_terms)_in_Congress_as_a_Democrat._He_was_thrice_a_delegate_to_Democrat_national_conventions,_and_also_held_several_consular_posts_in_both_Democratic_and_Republican_administrations._Young_died_on_July_6,_1896_in_New_York_and_is_buried_near_his_old_plantation_in_Georgia._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	____wp_
706	Young,_W.H.	Gen706.pcx	2	87	0	216	29	9	1	5	3	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._William_Hugh_Young_(b._1838,_d._1901)._Born_in_Boonville,_Missouri_on_New_Years_Day_of_1838,_Young_moved_with_his_family_to_Texas_while_he_was_an_infant._He_attended_Washington_College_in_Tennessee,_McKenzie_College_in_Texas,_and_the_University_of_Virginia._Back_in_Texas,_he_recruited_a_company_for_service_in_the_Confederate_Army_and_was_elected_a_captain._His_unit_was_incorporated_into_the_9th_Texas_Infantry,_which_was_bloodied_at_the_Battle_of_Shiloh_on_April_6-7,_1862._Having_been_promoted_to_regimental_command,_Young_subsequently_led_his_men_in_the_battles_of_Perryville,_Murfreesboro_(Stone_River),_the_Vicksburg_Campaign_and_at_Chickamauga,_and_was_wounded_in_the_latter_three_engagements._Young_demonstrated_personal_courage_at_the_Battle_of_Jackson_on_May_14,_1863,_when,_according_to_the_official_report,_he_seized_the_regimental_colors_and_led_his_men_on_a_gallant_charge._During_the_Atlanta_Campaign,_the_9th_Texas_was_assigned_to_the_brigade_of_Gen._Matthew_D._Ector._At_the_Battle_of_Kennesaw_Mountain_on_June_27,_1864,_Young_was_twice_wounded,_but_stayed_in_command_of_his_men._He_subsequently_received_a_promotion_to_brigadier_general_when_Ector_was_incapacitated_during_fighting_near_Atlanta_a_month_later,_to_rank_from_August_15,_1864._During_the_Confederate_move_back_into_Tennessee_under_Gen._John_B._Hood,_Young_was_seriously_wounded_in_his_left_foot,_which_was_nearly_severed,_while_attacking_a_Union_fort_at_Allatoona,_Georgia,_and_was_captured._Imprisoned_at_Johnsons_Island,_Ohio,_Young_was_released_after_the_war,_on_July_24,_1865._Returning_to_Texas,_he_worked_a_lawyer_and_real_estate_operator_in_San_Antonio,_Texas,_until_his_death_on_November_28,_1901._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	__wounded_5_times___
708	Taylor,_G.W.	Gen708.pcx	1	32	0	215	21	9	1	4	5	3	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	13	16	0	0	0	nobio	_mex____
709	Taylor,_J.P.	Gen709.pcx	1	50	0	215	25	9	1	3	6	2	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	25	-1	0	0	nobio	_mex__1812_wp_
710	Taylor,_N.	Gen710.pcx	1	40	0	215	22	9	1	3	3	1	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___wp_
711	Terrill,_W.	Gen711.pcx	1	40	0	215	31	9	1	3	7	3	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	art____wp_
712	Terry,_A.H.	Gen712.pcx	1	30	0	215	3	9	1	3	5	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	13	0	0	0	nobio	____medal_of_honor_
713	Terry,_H.D.	Gen713.pcx	1	36	0	215	16	9	1	3	3	1	3	0	0	0	0	3	0	0	0	13	0	0	0	0	nobio	____powprussian_army_
714	Thayer,_J.M.	Gen714.pcx	1	42	0	215	0	9	1	3	4	2	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	8	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
716	Thomas,_H.G.	Gen716.pcx	1	92	0	215	13	9	1	4	4	4	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
717	Thomas,_L.	Gen717.pcx	1	14	0	215	0	9	1	3	4	2	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	4	1	2	0	0	nobio	_mex_colored_Toops__wp_
718	Thomas,_S.	Gen718.pcx	1	98	0	215	30	9	1	3	4	4	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	18	18	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
719	Thruston,_C.M.	Gen719.pcx	1	16	0	215	14	9	1	3	4	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	7	0	0	0	0	nobio	__engin_1812__
720	Tibbits,_W.B.	Gen720.pcx	1	91	0	215	22	9	1	3	5	5	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav____ret_
721	Tillson,_D.	Gen721.pcx	1	44	0	215	13	9	1	4	6	4	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	art__lost_leg_bef_war__wp_
722	Todd,_J.B.	Gen722.pcx	1	16	0	215	0	9	1	6	5	4	5	0	1	0	2	0	0	0	0	19	8	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___2nd_inclasswp_
723	Torbert,_A.T.	Gen723.pcx	1	44	0	215	4	9	1	3	5	3	2	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	-1	6	0	0	nobio	cav_____
724	Totten,_J.G.	Gen724.pcx	1	52	0	215	0	9	1	2	4	3	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex__engineer_wp_
725	Tower,_Z.B.	Gen725.pcx	1	20	0	215	15	9	1	2	3	2	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex__engineer__
726	Turchin,_J.B.	Gen726.pcx	1	36	0	215	7	9	1	5	7	4	3	0	1	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____2nd_inclasswp_
727	Turner,_J.W.	Gen727.pcx	1	64	0	215	7	9	1	3	6	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	art_____
728	Tuttle,_J.M.	Gen728.pcx	1	34	0	215	9	9	1	4	6	4	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	7	0	0	0	nobio	_____
729	Tyler,_D.	Gen729.pcx	1	0	0	78	3	200	2	3	3	1	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Daniel_Tyler_(b._1799,_d._1882)._While_most_of_the_major_accomplishments_of_Daniel_Tylers_life_were_achieved_in_the_South,_he_had_no_trouble_with_fighting_for_the_Union_cause_during_the_Civil_war._Tyler,_who_made_a_living_bringing_companies_back_from_the_brink_of_bankruptcy_and_restoring_them_to_profitability,_founded_the_town_of_Anniston,_Alabama,_in_the_1870s._This_community,_named_after_his_daughter-in-law,_became_a_booming_industrial_complex_in_the_new_South._Tyler_was_born_January_7,_1799,_in_Brooklyn,_Connecticut._The_son_of_a_veteran_of_the_Battle_of_Bunker_Hill_and_the_nephew_of_Civil_War_Gen._Robert_O._Tyler,_young_Daniel_prepared_to_attend_Yale_University,_but_instead_went_to_the_U.S._Military_Academy,_graduating_with_the_Class_of_1819._An_authority_on_artillery_and_ordnance,_Tyler_attended_the_artillery_school_in_Metz,_translating_French_systems_into_English._He_became_a_superintendent_of_the_inspectors_of_arms_made_by_private_contractors_for_the_army._Tyler_was_brutally_honest_in_this_role,_and_it_cost_him_in_terms_of_promotion._In_1834,_fifteen_years_after_he_had_graduated_from_West_Point,_Tyler_resigned_from_the_army,_having_reached_the_rank_of_1st_lieutenant._He_found_success_with_railroad_and_canal_endeavors,_including_his_five_years_at_the_head_of_the_Macon_&_Western_Railroad_in_Georgia,_but_struggled_with_other_industries._When_war_broke_out,_Tyler_was_named_Colonel_of_the_1st_Connecticut_Infantry,_a_90-day_unit,_and_brigadier_general_of_Connecticut_volunteers._When_Gen._Irvin_McDowell,_commander_of_the_Unions_Army_of_Northeastern_Virginia,_decided_on_offensive_action_against_the_Confederates,_Tyler_commanded_McDowells_1st_Division,_which_consisted_of_the_brigades_of_Erasmus_D._Keyes,_Israel_B._Richardson,_Robert_C._Schenck,_and_William_T._Sherman._Beaten_at_Blackburns_Ford_in_a_skirmish_on_July_18,_Tylers_division_was_sent_against_the_Stone_Bridge_as_a_diversion_in_the_First_Battle_of_Bull_Run_three_days_later._The_division_did_slowly_make_its_attack,_but_the_timing_of_McDowells_battle_plan_came_apart_elsewhere._Some_of_Tylers_troops_were_able_to_advance_to_the_battle_at_Henry_House_Hill,_but_the_battle_was_lost._When_defeat_turned_into_rout,_both_McDowell_and_Tyler_blamed_each_other:_Tyler_was_blamed_for_exceeding_orders_and_undistinguished_troop_handling;_on_the_other_hand,_Tyler_blamed_McDowell,_claiming_the_commander_had_started_the_campaign_to_make_him_the_hero_of_a_short_war._McDowell_won_this_battle,_and_Tyler_was_mustered_out_of_service_on_August_11,_1861._He_was_recalled_to_the_army_the_following_year,_being_appointed_a_brigadier_general_of_volunteers_on_March_13,_1862._Sent_to_the_western_theater,_Tyler_commanded_a_brigade_in_Gen._David_S._Stanleys_Division_in_Gen._John_Popes_Army_of_the_Mississippi_during_the_Siege_of_Corinth._He_later_served_on_a_commission_which_investigated_Gen._Don_C._Buells_Kentucky_and_Tennessee_Campaigns._In_1863,_Tyler_commanded_posts_at_Harpers_Ferry_and_Baltimore,_and_later_commanded_the_District_of_Delaware._Past_the_retirement_age_of_65,_Tyler_resigned_his_commission_on_April_6,_1864._After_the_war,_he_went_south_again._In_addition_to_founding_Anniston,_he_bought_large_tracts_of_land_in_Guadalupe_County,_Texas._He_also_became_president_of_the_Mobile_and_Montgomery_Railroad._Tyler_died_November_30,_1882,_while_on_a_visit_to_New_York_City._His_granddaughter,_Edith_Carow_Roosevelt,_was_Theodore_Roosevelts_second_wife_and_served_as_First_Lady._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	art____wp_
730	Tyler,_E.B.	Gen730.pcx	1	32	0	215	24	9	1	4	4	4	3	0	0	0	0	3	0	0	0	18	23	1	0	0	nobio	____gnd_dukes_army_
731	Tyler,_R.O.	Gen731.pcx	1	44	0	215	3	9	1	2	5	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	-1	17	0	0	nobio	art_____
732	Tyndale,_G.H.	Gen732.pcx	1	44	0	215	25	9	1	4	6	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
733	Ullmann,_D.	Gen733.pcx	1	48	0	215	22	9	1	3	4	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	__colored_troops__retired_61_
734	Underwood,_A.B.	Gen734.pcx	1	68	0	215	15	9	1	4	6	1	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
735	Upton,_E.	Gen735.pcx	1	80	0	215	22	9	1	4	6	3	2	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav_____
736	Van_Alen,_J.H.	Gen736.pcx	1	30	0	215	22	9	1	2	4	4	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____powwp_
737	Van_Cleve,_H.P.	Gen737.pcx	1	28	0	215	17	9	1	4	4	3	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
738	Van_Derveer,_F.	Gen738.pcx	1	90	0	215	24	9	1	4	3	5	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___medal_of_honor_
739	VanDever,_W.	Gen739.pcx	1	44	0	215	9	9	1	4	5	2	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	13	23	0	0	0	nobio	____top_tenwp_
740	Van_Vliet,_S.	Gen740.pcx	1	16	0	215	30	9	1	3	4	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	0	0	0	0	nobio	art__quartermaster___
741	Van_Wyck,_C.H.	Gen741.pcx	1	100	0	215	22	9	1	3	4	2	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	8	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
742	Veatch,_J.C.	Gen742.pcx	1	30	0	215	8	9	1	5	6	4	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	6	16	0	0	0	nobio	_____
743	Viele,_E.L.	Gen743.pcx	1	14	0	215	22	9	1	3	5	2	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	8	11	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___wp_
744	Vincent,_S.	Gen744.pcx	1	60	0	215	25	9	1	4	3	2	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____top_tenwp_
745	Vinton,_F.L.	Gen745.pcx	1	40	0	215	22	9	1	2	5	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____res'63_
746	Vodges,_I.	Gen746.pcx	1	44	0	215	25	9	1	3	7	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	art_____
747	Von_Steinwehr,_A.W.	Gen747.pcx	1	18	78	215	22	9	1	2	4	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	7	8	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Adolph_Wilhelm_August_Friedrich_von_Steinwehr_(b._1822,_d._1877)._Baron_von_Steinwehr_was_born_in_the_Duchy_of_Brunswick,_Germany._After_attending_the_Brunswick_Military_Academy,_he_was_commissioned_a_lieutenant_in_his_states_army_in_1841._Emigrating_to_the_United_States_in_1847,_he_worked_as_an_engineer_for_the_U.S._Coastal_Survey._When_he_applied_for_a_combat_post_during_the_Mexican-American_War,_his_application_was_denied,_and_he_went_back_to_Brunswick_before_returning_to_America_in_1854._When_Pres._Abraham_Lincoln_called_for_volunteers_to_put_down_the_Southern_rebellion,_von_Steinwehr_raised_the_29th_New_York_Infantry,_a_regiment_that_consisted_mostly_of_Germans._This_unit_was_held_in_reserve_at_First_Bull_Run_and_covered_the_Union_retreat._Von_Steinwehr_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general_on_October_12,_1861_and_given_command_of_a_brigade_in_Gen._Louis_Blenkers_division,_which_was_attached_to_Gen._John_C._Fremonts_forces_in_the_Mountain_Department._During_Gen._Thomas_Stonewall_Jacksons_Valley_Campaign,_Fremont_was_beaten_and_von_Steinwehr_could_not_demonstrate_his_abilities_under_the_incompetent_Blenker._Nevertheless,_he_was_put_in_command_of_a_division_when_fellow_German_Gen._Franz_Sigel_succeeded_Fremont_as_corps_commander._At_Second_Bull_Run_in_late_August_1862,_von_Steinwehrs_division_was_held_in_reserve_and_used_to_reinforce_other_units._At_the_Battle_of_Chancellorsville_in_May_1863,_von_Steinwehr_ordered_Col._Adolphus_Buschbecks_brigade_to_build_entrenchments,_which_ended_up_saving_part_of_his_division_when_it_was_attacked_by_Jacksons_troops_and_the_rest_of_the_Unions_XI_Corps,_now_under_command_of_Gen._Oliver_O._Howard,_was_routed._On_the_first_day_of_the_Battle_of_Gettysburg_that_July,_von_Steinwehrs_division_was_posted_in_reserve_on_Cemetery_Hill._Howard_later_claimed_that_he_had_recognized_this_strong_position,_but_it_was_von_Steinwehr_who_made_the_preparations_to_defend_it,_providing_the_XI_Corps_with_a_haven_when_it_was_routed_by_Gen._Richard_S._Ewells_II_Corps_and_enabling_the_Union_to_hold_Cemetery_Hill_for_the_rest_of_the_battle._When_what_was_left_of_the_XI_Corps_was_sent_to_the_western_theater,_von_Steinwehr_was_transferred_as_well._His_division_fought_in_the_battles_for_Chattanooga_and_distinguished_itself_in_the_Battle_of_Wauhatchie_on_the_night_of_October_28,_1863._However,_von_Steinwehr_did_not_command_combat_troops_again_for_the_rest_of_the_war,_losing_his_command_when_the_two_divisions_of_the_XI_Corps_that_had_been_sent_westward_were_combined_with_divisions_from_the_XII_Corps_to_form_the_XX_Corps._Instead,_von_Steinwehr__who_evidently_was_more_of_a_planner,_staff_officer_and_engineer_than_a_combat_leader__was_limited_to_garrison_and_supply_duty._Following_the_war,_he_resigned_his_commission_on_July_3,_1865._After_the_war,_he_worked_as_cartographer_again_and_taught_at_Yale_University._He_is_buried_in_Albany_Rural_Cemetery,_in_Menands,_New_York._(Bio_by_Joern_Kaesebier)	_mex___special_svc_to_lincoln_
748	Wade,_M.S.	Gen748.pcx	1	18	0	215	24	9	1	2	4	3	1	0	0	0	0	3	0	1	0	19	0	0	0	0	nobio	____german_army_
749	Wadsworth,_J.S.	Gen749.pcx	1	14	0	215	22	9	1	4	6	3	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
750	Wagner,_G.	Gen750.pcx	1	44	0	215	8	9	1	4	1	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
751	Walcutt,_C.C.	Gen751.pcx	1	84	0	215	24	9	1	5	4	3	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
752	Wallace,_L.	Gen752.pcx	1	16	0	215	8	9	1	3	5	3	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	1	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___wp_
753	Wallace,_W.H.	Gen753.pcx	1	28	0	215	7	9	1	4	2	4	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3	5	0	0	0	nobio	_mex____
754	Ward,_J.H.H.	Gen754.pcx	1	0	0	78	22	18	1	3	4	3	3	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	14	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___wp_
755	Ward,_W.T.	Gen755.pcx	1	16	0	215	11	9	1	5	6	2	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
756	Webster,_J.D.	Gen756.pcx	1	44	0	215	7	9	1	4	4	3	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	17	24	0	0	0	nobio	art_mex_railroad__wp_
757	Weed,_S.H.	Gen757.pcx	1	68	0	215	0	9	1	4	5	3	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	22	1	0	0	0	nobio	art____wp_
758	Weitzel,_G.	Gen758.pcx	1	38	0	215	24	9	1	4	5	2	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
759	Wells,_W.	Gen759.pcx	1	98	0	215	30	9	1	3	4	3	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	nobio	____cm_64_
760	Welsh,_T.	Gen760.pcx	1	44	0	215	25	9	1	3	4	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
761	Wessells,_H.W.	Gen761.pcx	1	30	0	215	10	9	1	4	3	2	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___medal_of_honor_
762	West,_J.R.	Gen762.pcx	1	42	0	215	0	9	1	4	5	3	1	4	0	0	0	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav_mex___medal_of_honoraustrian_army_
763	Wheaton,_F.	Gen763.pcx	1	44	0	215	26	9	1	3	3	3	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
764	Whipple,_A.W.	Gen764.pcx	1	30	0	215	0	9	1	3	5	4	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	14	0	0	0	nobio	__engin___
765	Whipple,_W.D.	Gen765.pcx	1	60	0	215	22	9	1	3	6	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	7	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
766	Whitaker,_W.C.	Gen766.pcx	1	58	0	215	11	9	1	3	3	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex____
767	White,_J.	Gen767.pcx	1	34	0	215	7	9	1	3	6	2	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
768	Wild,_E.A.	Gen768.pcx	1	54	0	215	15	9	1	6	7	4	5	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	__fmn_troops__1stin_classwp_
769	Willcox,_O.B.	Gen769.pcx	1	0	0	78	16	18	1	4	4	4	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	-1	-1	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Orlando_Bolivar_Willcox_(b._1823,_d._1907)._A_career_soldier_and_novel_writer,_Willcox_spent_a_lifetime_in_the_U.S._Army,_but_nearly_did_not_get_a_chance_to_do_much_fighting_in_the_Civil_War_after_being_wounded_and_captured_at_First_Bull_Run._Willcox_was_born_in_Detroit_on_April_16,_1823_and_received_an_appointment_to_West_Point,_graduating_in_1847._At_the_close_of_the_Mexican_War,_Willcox_was_briefly_detailed_to_garrison_duty_in_Mexico_City_and_Cuernavaca._He_resigned_his_commission_in_1857_to_practice_law,_but_was_back_in_uniform_in_1861_as_Colonel_of_the_1st_Michigan_Infantry._At_First_Bull_Run_on_July_21,_Willcox_commanded_the_2nd_Brigade_in_Gen._Samuel_Heintzelmans_3rd_Division_and_was_in_the_thick_of_the_fighting_until_his_wounding_and_subsequent_capture._(Willcox_would_receive_the_Congressional_Medal_of_Honor_for_his_role_in_the_battle_in_1895.)_His_captivity_included_a_stint_as_a_hostage._This_came_about_after_Union_captured_the_merchant_ship_Enchantress,_which_had_a_Confederate_prize_crew,_the_day_after_First_Bull_Run_and_threatened_to_execute_the_men_as_pirates._In_response,_the_Confederate_government_removed_prisoner_of_war_status_from_six_Union_colonels_in_their_custody,_including_Willcox,_as_well_as_seven_other_officers,_announcing_that_they_would_be_executed_if_the_ships_crew_was_hung._Eventually,_Federal_courts_ruled_that_the_Confederate_sailors_were_prisoners_of_war_and_the_status_of_the_Union_troops_was_restored._Willcox_was_exchanged_on_August_19,_1862,_more_than_a_year_after_his_capture,_and_immediately_commissioned_as_brigadier_general_of_volunteers_to_date_from_July_21,_1861._Willcox_was_given_command_of_the_1st_Division_of_Gen._Ambrose_Burnsides_IX_Corps,_and_within_a_month_of_his_release_was_leading_this_force_at_South_Mountain_and_Antietam_(where_his_brigade_fought_at_Burnsides_Bridge)._Willcox_himself_commanded_the_IX_Corps_at_Fredericksburg_in_December,_since_Burnside_had_assumed_command_of_the_Army_of_the_Potomac._Early_in_1863,_Willcox,_IX_Corps_and_Burnside_were_all_transferred_to_the_Army_of_the_Ohio._In_just_over_a_year_in_this_theater,_Willcox_alternated_between_corps_command_and_local_district_commands_headquartered_at_Lexington_and_Indianapolis,_and_led_one_wing_during_the_Knoxville_Campaign._The_IX_Corps_returned_to_Virginia_in_1864_under_Burnside_for_Gen._Ulysses_S._Grants_Overland_Campaign_and_fought_at_the_Wilderness,_Spotsylvania_Court_House_and_Cold_Harbor,_with_Willcox_again_commanding_a_division._After_the_disastrous_Battle_of_the_Crater_at_Petersburg_on_July_30,_Burnside_resigned_from_the_army._Willcox_was_the_favorite_to_replace_him,_but_the_job_instead_went_to_Gen._John_G._Parke,_the_IX_Corps_chief_of_staff._After_the_war,_Willcox_received_brevets_to_major_general_in_the_regular_army_and_volunteers_before_mustering_out_in_January_1866._He_briefly_returned_to_his_legal_career_in_Detroit_before_being_called_back_when_the_army_was_enlarged,_receiving_an_appointment_as_Colonel_of_the_new_29th_Infantry._In_1869,_he_transferred_to_the_12th_Infantry_in_San_Francisco,_and_from_1878_to_1882_commanded_the_Department_of_Arizona_during_war_against_the_Apaches._(The_town_of_Willcox,_Arizona_was_named_for_him,_though_not_by_design__when_the_first_train_to_reach_there_stopped_and_spectators_recognized_the_general,_their_shouts_of_Willcox!_Willcox!_led_a_newspaper_reporter_to_mistakenly_relay_that_as_the_new_railroad_towns_name.)_Promoted_to_brigadier_general_in_1886,_he_finally_retired_the_following_year_as_commander_of_the_Department_of_the_Missouri._In_1889,_Willcox_began_a_two-year_term_as_governor_of_the_Soldiers_Home_in_Washington,_D.C._At_some_point_during_his_career,_he_had_two_novels_published_under_the_name_Major_Walter_March._He_moved_to_Coburg,_Ontario_in_1905_and_died_there_on_May_10,_1907,_receiving_burial_at_Arlington_National_Cemetery._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_mex____
770	Williams,_A.S.	Gen770.pcx	1	8	0	215	16	9	1	3	6	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	18	0	0	0	nobio	_mex____
771	Williams,_D.H.	Gen771.pcx	1	44	0	215	25	9	1	3	4	2	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
772	Williams,_N.G.	Gen772.pcx	1	44	0	215	9	9	1	3	4	5	1	0	0	0	0	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____swedish_army_
773	Williams,_T.	Gen773.pcx	1	16	0	215	16	9	1	3	6	3	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	7	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___wp_
774	Williams,_S.	Gen774.pcx	1	16	0	215	13	9	1	4	5	3	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	8	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex_adjutant_general__wp_
775	Williamson,_J.A.	Gen775.pcx	1	95	0	215	9	9	1	6	4	4	5	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	6	12	0	0	0	nobio	____powwp_
776	Willich,_A.	Gen776.pcx	1	36	80	215	24	9	1	5	5	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	14	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._August_von_Willich_(b._1810,_d._1878)._Born_in_Braunsberg,_Prussia_as_the_son_of_a_Napoleonic_officer_and_militarily_educated_in_the_Prussian_Army,_Willich_was_one_of_the_few_competent_German-born_Generals_fighting_in_the_American_Civil_War._Orphaned_at_the_age_of_three,_he_was_raised_by_the_philosopher_and_theologian_Friedrich_Schleiermacher._He_became_a_Marxist_in_the_1840s_and_subsequently_had_to_resign_from_the_army,_in_which_he_had_risen_to_the_rank_of_Premierleutnant_(i.e.,_1st_lieutenant),_and_in_1847_he_gave_up_his_noble_title_for_the_same_reason._As_leading_figure_in_the_German_Revolution_of_1848__whose_aide-de-camp_had_been_Friedrich_Engels__Willich_had_to_flee_the_country_after_the_revolution_was_put_down_by_Prussian_troops._Willich_first_immigrated_to_Great_Britain,_where_he_hoped_to_raise_a_new_army,_only_to_see_Marx_and_Engels_turn_against_him_over_ideological_differences_and_attempt_to_smear_his_name_with_claims_that_he_was_the_bastard_son_of_German_royalty,_a_philanderer_and_a_homosexual._Willich_left_for_to_the_United_States_in_1852,_first_living_in_Brooklyn_before_moving_to_Cincinnati_and_becoming_editor_of_a_radical_publication,_the_Republikaner._A_prominent_speaker_during_the_secession_crisis_who_rallied_immigrants_in_support_of_democracy_and_equal_human_rights,_at_the_outbreak_of_the_Civil_War_Willich_enlisted_in_the_9th_Ohio,_commissioned_as_a_1st_lieutenant._He_was_soon_promoted_to_major_and_saw_his_first_action_in_the_Battle_of_Rich_Mountain,_in_western_Virginia_on_July_11,_1861._Afterwards,_von_Willich_trained_the_32nd_Indiana_and_became_its_colonel,_drilling_the_unit_in_German_according_to_the_Prussian_manual_of_arms._Despite_his_eccentric_habits__which_included_addressing_his_men_as_citizen_in_the_tradition_of_the_French_Revolution_and_using_a_German_adaptation_of_La_Marseillaise_as_the_regimental_hymn__Willich_was_popular_among_his_men,_who_affectionately_referred_to_him_as_Papa_Willich._Due_to_his_good_performance_on_the_second_day_of_the_Battle_of_Shiloh,_where_he_rallied_his_men_under_fire_by_drilling_them_in_the_manual_of_arms_and_then_led_them_on_a_successful_charge,_he_was_brevetted_to_brigadier_general_of_volunteers_in_July_1862._Willich_was_captured_at_Stones_River_on_December_31,_1862._Returning_to_the_Union_Army_in_May_1863,_he_subsequently_fought_at_Liberty_Gap,_Chickamauga_and_Chattanooga,_where_his_brigade_was_one_of_the_first_to_storm_Missionary_Ridge._Willich_next_served_under_Gen._William_T._Sherman_in_the_Atlanta_Campaign_and_was_wounded_at_Resaca,_Georgia_in_May_1864._He_survived_the_wound_but_could_only_perform_administrative_duties_afterwards._He_was_mustered_out_in_1866_as_a_brevetted_major_general,_dating_to_October_1865._After_the_war,_Willich_moved_to_St._Marys,_Ohio,_though_he_returned_to_Germany_and_offered_his_services_to_Prussia_for_the_Franco-Prussian_War_in_1870._This_offer_was_rejected_due_to_his_age,_and_Willich_returned_to_St._Marys,_where_he_died_in_1878,_having_remained_as_actively_involved_in_political,_social_and_intellectual_movements_during_the_final_decade_of_his_life_as_in_the_previous_ones._(Bio_by_Joern_Kaesebier)	_____
777	Wilson,_J.H.	Gen777.pcx	1	66	0	215	7	9	1	4	5	2	3	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav____res63_
778	Wistar,_I.J.	Gen778.pcx	1	44	0	215	25	9	1	5	5	2	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
779	Wood,_T.J.	Gen779.pcx	1	18	0	215	11	9	1	5	4	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	7	23	0	0	nobio	_mex___res63_
780	Woodbury,_D.P.	Gen780.pcx	1	28	0	215	20	9	1	3	3	3	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	24	0	0	0	0	nobio	__engineer__wp_
781	Woods,_C.R.	Gen781.pcx	1	62	0	215	24	9	1	3	4	4	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	5	0	0	0	nobio	_____
782	Woods,_W.B.	Gen782.pcx	1	96	0	215	24	9	1	3	5	3	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	9	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
783	Wool,_J.E.	Gen783.pcx	1	0	0	215	22	9	1	2	5	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	__1812_oldest__
784	Wright,_G.	Gen784.pcx	1	16	0	215	30	9	1	2	4	1	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex_nothing_to_do_with_war:pacific_defense___
785	Wright,_H.G.	Gen785.pcx	1	16	0	215	3	9	1	3	5	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	__engineer__awol_
786	Zook,_S.K.	Gen786.pcx	1	44	0	215	22	9	1	4	4	2	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
787	Adams,_D.W.	Gen787.pcx	2	33	0	216	12	9	1	6	4	4	5	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Daniel_Weisiger_Adams_(b._1821,_d._1872)._Adams_was_born_in_Frankfort,_Kentucky_on_May_1,_1821_and_was_the_brother_of_CSA_Gen._William_Wirt_Adams._When_he_was_four_years_old_his_family_relocated_to_Natchez,_Mississippi._Adams_studied_law_at_the_University_of_Virginia,_from_which_he_graduated_in_1842._It_was_in_1843_that_he_mortally_wounded_James_Hagen_in_a_duel_over_an_unflattering_editorial_written_about_his_father,_a_prominent_politician._Although_charged_and_tried_with_murder,_he_was_later_acquitted_by_a_jury._In_Mississippi,_Adams_would_go_on_to_serve_in_the_state_legislature_until_1852._Shortly_thereafter_he_moved_to_Louisiana_and_set_up_a_law_practice._It_was_there_that_he_was_appointed_to_the_war_board_in_preparations_for_expected_hostilities_following_the_secession_of_Louisiana._During_this_time_he_saw_himself_as_more_of_a_practicing_soldier_than_a_paper-pusher,_and_therefore_decided_to_resign_his_post_and_join_the_1st_Louisiana_Regular_Infantry,_being_commissioned_Lt._Colonel_on_February_5,_1861._Adams_was_later_promoted_to_full_Colonel_and_served_in_Gen._Adley_H._Gladdens_brigade._When_Gladden_was_killed_in_action,_Adams_was_given_command_of_the_brigade,_which_he_subsequently_led_in_an_assault_against_the_strongly_prepared_Union_positions_dubbed_the_Hornets_Nest_at_the_Battle_of_Shiloh._During_the_charge,_Adams_was_seriously_wounded_and_lost_his_right_eye._It_would_prove_to_be_the_first_of_three_times_he_was_wounded_during_the_course_of_the_war._On_May_23,_1862_Adams_was_promoted_to_Brigadier_General_and_shortly_thereafter_he_was_given_the_command_of_a_Louisiana_brigade_in_the_Army_of_Mississippi._His_first_engagement_in_this_capacity_was_at_the_Battle_of_Perryville,_located_in_Kentucky._He_would_later_engage_Federal_forces_at_the_Battle_of_Stones_River_on_Dec._31,_1862._Here_Adams_and_his_brigade_were_brutally_turned_back_under_withering_fire_while_assaulting_Federal_trench_positions_in_an_area_named_Round_Forest,_with_Adams_himself_being_wounded_a_second_time._Adams_did_not_return_to_command_until_June,_1863,_when_he_participated_in_operations_in_Mississippi_to_thwart_the_Unions_consolidation_of_forces._Later,_Adams_and_his_brigade_moved_north_and_participated_in_the_Battle_of_Chickamauga,_where_he_was_wounded_yet_a_third_time_and_was_captured._Gen._D.H._Hill_would_say_of_Adams_some_time_later_that,_It_was_difficult_for_me_to_decide_which_the_most_to_admire,_his_courage_in_the_field_or_his_unparalleled_cheerfulness_under_suffering._He_was_released_from_captivity_during_a_prisoner_exchange_and_was_given_command_of_a_cavalry_brigade,_although_he_was_to_leave_the_post_only_a_short_time_later_for_a_non-combatant_role_as_the_head_of_the_District_of_North_Alabama._He_served_in_this_administrative_post_until_1865_and_at_one_point_turned_down_an_offer_to_be_a_divisional_commander_under_Nathan_Bedford_Forrest._In_March,_1865_he_would_once_again_command_from_the_field_when_he_was_given_the_overall_command_of_the_newly_created_Army_of_Alabama,_which_saw_action_in_various_late_war_battles_including_Selma_Alabama_and_Columbus,_Georgia._Adams_surrendered_to_Federal_forces_and_was_paroled_on_May_9_1865._After_the_war,_D.W._traveled_to_the_United_Kingdom_and_then_returned_back_to_New_Orleans_to_practice_law_as_before_the_war._General_D.W._Adams_died_June_13,_1872_at_the_age_of_51._He_is_buried_in_Greenwood_cemetery_in_Jackson,_Mississippi_near_his_brother,_CSA_Gen._William_W._Adams._(Bio_by_Eric_Schroeter)	_____
788	Adams,_J.	Gen788.pcx	2	47	0	216	28	9	1	4	5	3	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	13	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._John_Adams_(b._1825,_d._1864)._Adams_was_born_on_July_1,_1825_in_Nashville,_Tennessee._He_attended_West_Point_and_graduated_in_1846,_25th_in_his_class._Upon_graduation_he_was_commissioned_second_lieutenant_of_the_First_Dragoons,_serving_in_the_war_with_Mexico_and_later_being_promoted_to_1st_Lieutenant._In_1853_he_acted_as_aide_to_the_governor_of_Minnesota_with_the_rank_of_lieutenant-colonel_of_state_forces._Adams_resigned_his_commission_in_the_United_States_Army_on_May_27,_1861_and_offered_himself_to_the_Confederate_cause.__Escaping_the_arrest_ordered_for_any_Regular_Army_officer_resigning_his_command_to_join_the_Confederacy,_he_made_his_way_south_and_was_commissioned_a_Captain_of_cavalry,_being_placed_in_command_of_Memphis,_Tennessee._His_duties_took_him_from_Memphis_to_western_Kentucky_and_then_on_to_Jackson,_Mississippi._On_June_4,_1862,_a_low_point_in_Adams_military_career,_his_brigade_was_taken_by_surprise_by_a_force_of_Federals_at_Sweeden_Cove._His_pickets_were_captured_and_his_brigade_was_routed_during_the_confusion._A_Federal_officer_reported_that_the_brigade_had_...fled_in_the_wildest_disorder,_strewing_the_ground_for_miles_with_guns,_pistols_and_swords._He_was_promoted_to_Brigadier_General_on_December_29,_1862._On_May_16,_1863_he_was_given_command_of_Gen._Lloyd_Tilghmans'_brigade_following_his_death_and_was_later_involved_in_Gen._J._E._Johnston's_campaign_for_the_relief_of_Vicksburg._Adams_served_with_distinction_in_the_various_battles_of_the_campaign_from_Dalton_to_Atlanta,_capturing_a_high_number_of_prisoners._On_November_30,_1864,_at_the_Battle_of_Franklin,_Tennessee,_he_was_severely_wounded_in_the_right_arm_but_refused_to_leave_the_field,_saying_No,_I_am_going_to_see_my_men_through._He_then_led_a_brilliant_but_unsuccessful_charge_on_enemy_works,_where_he_was_killed._Many_years_after_the_war_Lt._Col._Edward_Adams_Baker,_of_the_Sixty-fifth_Indiana_infantry,_who_witnessed_his_death_wrote_a_letter_to_Adams'_widow_describing_the_circumstances._He_is_quoted_as_stating,_General_Adams_rode_up_to_our_works_and,_cheering_his_men,_made_an_attempt_to_leap_his_horse_over_them._The_horse_fell_upon_the_top_of_the_embankment_and_the_general_was_caught_under_him,_pierced_with_bullets._As_soon_as_the_charge_was_repulsed,_our_men_sprang_over_the_works_and_lifted_the_horse,_while_others_dragged_the_general_from_under_him._He_was_perfectly_conscious_and_knew_his_fate._He_asked_for_water,_as_all_dying_men_do_in_battle_as_the_life-blood_drips_from_the_body._One_of_my_men_gave_him_a_canteen_of_water,_while_another_brought_an_armful_of_cotton_from_an_old_gin_near_by_and_made_him_a_pillow._The_general_gallantly_thanked_them,_and_in_answer_to_our_expressions_of_sorrow_at_his_sad_fate,_he_said,_'It_is_the_fate_of_a_soldier_to_die_for_his_country,'_and_expired._(Bio_by_Eric_Schroeter)	cav_mex___wp_
789	Adams,_W.W.	Gen789.pcx	2	65	0	216	18	9	1	5	4	6	5	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	24	-1	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._William_Wirt_Adams_(b._1819,_d._1888)._Adams_was_born_in_Frankfort,_Kentucky_on_March_22,_1819._He_was_the_brother_of_CSA_Gen._Daniel_Weisiger_Adams._In_1825_his_family_moved_to_Natchez,_Mississippi._He_served_for_a_short_time_in_Texas,_acting_as_an_adjutant_in_the_fight_against_the_Indians,_but_returned_to_Mississippi_following_the_death_of_his_father._Adams_moved_to_Louisiana_in_the_1840's_and_began_growing_sugar,_and_then_later_moved_on_to_Jackson,_Mississippi,_where_he_married_Sallie_Huger_Mayrant._When_the_Confederacy_was_formed,_Adams_was_offered_the_Postmaster_Generals_office_by_Pres._Jefferson_Davis_but_turned_the_job_down._Instead,_when_war_broke_out,_he_formed_the_1st_Mississippi_Cavalry,_which_was_renamed_as_the_Wirt_Adams_Regiment_on_Dec._24,_1861._His_unit_fought_bravely_at_the_Battle_of_Shiloh_and_performed_many_rearguard_and_forward_attachment_duties_during_the_withdrawal_from_Kentucky_to_Corinth,_Mississippi._Throughout_1862_Adams,_a_Colonel_at_this_time,_led_his_cavalry_regiment_on_many_raids_against_Federal_forces_operating_in_Tennessee_and_Mississippi._In_October_of_1862,_Maj._Gen._Earl_van_Dorns_Army_of_West_Tennessee_was_in_full_retreat_from_Corinth,_being_pursued_by_Maj._Gen._Edward_Ord_and_a_part_of_the_Union_Army_of_West_Tennessee._During_the_mayhem,_the_Wirt_Adams_Regiment_charged_and_held_the_Hatchie_(Davis)_bridge_long_enough_to_allow_Van_Dorn_and_his_men_to_escape_and_avoid_certain_annihilation_or_capture._On_another_raid_his_regiment_captured_a_train_loaded_with_Union_troops_leaving_Corinth._He_was_soon_to_be_given_overall_command_of_all_cavalry_units_south_of_Jackson,_leading_many_daring_raids._Gen._Ulysses_S._Grant_reported_that_Adams_and_his_men_infest_the_country_from_Rodney_[Mississippi]_to_Port_Hudson_[Louisiana]._On_Sep._28,_1863,_Adams_was_commissioned_Brigadier_General._After_the_fall_of_Vicksburg_his_forces_were_involved_in_continually_harassing_and_skirmishing_Gen._William_Tecumsah_Shermans_destructive_advance._His_command_is_credited_with_helping_thwart_Shermans_drive_towards_Meridian,_Mississippi._In_April_of_1864._his_troops_engaged_the_Federal_gunship_the_Petrel,_capturing_it_and_its_eight_24-pounders_before_burning_the_vessel._This_event_resulted_in_the_3,000-man_Union_advance_having_to_retreat_back_to_Vicksburg._Late_in_the_war_Adams_and_his_men_would_come_under_the_command_of_Gen._Nathan_Bedford_Forrest_and_remain_so_through_the_end._He_surrendered_his_command_near_Ramsey_Station,_Alabama_on_May_4,_1865_and_received_his_parole_on_the_12th_of_the_same_month_at_Gainesville._After_the_war,_Adams_settled_in_Vicksburg,_where_he_was_appointed_as_a_state_revenue_agent._In_1885_President_Grover_Cleveland_appointed_him_Postmaster._Tragically,_on_May_1,_1888,_Adams_lost_his_life_in_a_street_fight_against_John_Martin,_a_local_newspaper_editor_who_had_criticized_him_in_publication,_and_who_was_also_killed_in_the_incident._He_is_buried_in_Greenwood_Cemetery_in_Jackson,_Mississippi_near_his_brother,_Gen._D.W._Adams._(Bio_by_Eric_Schroeter)	_____
790	Alexander,_E.P.	Gen790.pcx	2	75	0	216	6	50	1	5	6	5	6	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	7	1	14	0	0	Brig_Gen._Edward_Porter_Alexander_(b._1835,_d._1910)._A_general_who_was_so_valued_by_the_commander_of_the_Army_of_Northern_Virginia_that_Pres._Jefferson_Davis_once_remarked_that_he_was_one_of_the_few_whom_General_Lee_would_not_give_to_anybody,_Alexander_was_born_in_Washington,_Georgia_on_May_26,_1835._He_graduated_from_the_United_States_Military_Academy_in_1857,_third_in_his_class_and_was_commissioned_a_brevet_second_lieutenant_of_engineers._He_briefly_taught_at_the_academy_before_being_sent_west_to_reinforce_Albert_S._Johnstons_actions_against_the_Mormons._On_October_10,_1858_he_was_officially_promoted_to_2nd_Lieutenant._Although_Alexander_was_openly_against_secession,_when_Georgia_left_the_Union_he_put_duty_to_his_home_state_at_the_forefront_and_resigned_his_post_in_the_U.S._Army._He_then_traveled_to_Virginia_and_was_commissioned_a_Captain_of_engineers_March_16,_1861,_being_put_in_the_service_of_Brig._Gen._P.G.T._Beauregard_at_Manassas_Junction,_Virginia._He_became_the_Chief_Engineer_and_Signal_Officer_of_the_Army_of_the_Potomac_on_June_3,_1861._At_the_Battle_of_First_Manassas,_Alexander_detected_Federal_flanking_maneuvers_from_a_series_of_observation_towers_built_under_his_direction,_giving_the_Confederates_a_decisive_edge._He_was_later_to_be_in_the_Chief_of_Ordnance_position_on_several_staffs,_including_those_of_Beauregard,_Gen._Joseph_E._Johnston_and_Gen._Robert_E._Lee._Alexander_served_with_distinction_during_the_Peninsula_Campaign,_Seven_Days,_Second_Manassas_and_the_Maryland_raid,_and_was_promoted_to_a_colonel_of_artillery_on_July_17,_1862._In_the_newly_reorganized_artillery_structure_of_the_Army_of_North_Virginia,_Alexander_was_promoted_to_colonel_and_was_given_a_battalion_command_in_Maj._Gen._James_Longstreets_corps._His_unorthodox_approach_to_the_positioning_of_gun_batteries_earned_him_success_in_many_battle_situations_and_also_the_respect_of_Lee_himself._It_was_at_Gettysburg_that_he_conducted_a_massive_two-hour_bombardment_against_the_Federal_position_on_Cemetery_Ridge_preceding_Picketts_Charge._In_the_Fall_of_1863,_he_moved_with_Longstreets_corps_to_Georgia_and_took_part_in_the_failed_Knoxville_Campaign,_returning_to_Virginia_in_the_spring_of_1864._He_was_recommended_for_promotion_by_Joseph_E._Johnston_and_was_requested_to_be_chief_of_artillery_in_the_Army_of_Tennessee,_but_Lee_refused_to_release_Alexander_from_duty._He_was_however,_promoted_to_Brigadier_General_on_February_26,_1864_and_elevated_by_Lee_to_the_chief_of_artillery_on_March_19._Alexander_served_in_all_the_battles_of_the_Overland_Campaign_and_during_the_Siege_of_Petersburg_and_also_organized_a_large_part_of_the_defenses_around_Richmond._He_retreated_with_Lee's_army_in_the_Appomattox_Campaign,_surrendering_with_the_rest_of_the_Army_of_Northern_Virginia_on_April_9,_1865_at_Appomattox_Courthouse._After_the_war_Alexander_was_quite_successful_in_many_ventures,_including_teaching_mathematics_at_the_University_of_South_Carolina,_serving_as_an_executive_at_several_railroad_companies,_and_becoming_a_published_author._Alexander_died_April_28,_1910_in_Savannah,_Georgia,_and_is_buried_in_Magnolia_Cemetery_in_Augusta,_Georgia._(Bio_by_Eric_Schroeter)	__engineer__wp_
791	Allen,_H.W.	Gen791.pcx	2	62	0	216	12	9	1	5	5	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
792	Allen,_W.W.	Gen792.pcx	2	74	0	216	1	9	1	5	6	2	4	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	-1	0	0	0	nobio	cav_____
793	Anderson,_G.B.	Gen793.pcx	2	34	0	216	23	9	1	4	4	2	6	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	19	16	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
794	Anderson,_G.T.	Gen794.pcx	2	44	0	216	6	9	1	4	5	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	12	0	0	0	nobio	_mex____
795	Anderson,_J.P.	Gen795.pcx	2	26	0	216	5	9	1	7	8	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4	24	0	0	0	nobio	_mex____
796	Anderson,_J.R.	Gen796.pcx	2	16	0	216	6	9	1	4	6	1	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	8	0	0	0	nobio	art__ran_Tredegar_iron_work_1862-__wp_
797	Salm-Salm,_F.	Gen797.pcx	1	102	0	215	22	50	1	4	2	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	13	0	0	0	0	Prince_Felix_Constantin_Alexander_Johann_Nepomuk_Salm-Salm_(b._1828,_d._1870)._One_of_the_most_colorful_characters_of_the_Civil_War,_Prince_Salm-Salm_had_to_wait_until_the_end_of_1864_to_finally_led_troops_to_battle._The_youngest_scion_of_the_House_of_Salm-Salm,_he_was_born_in_Alholt,_Westphalia,_on_December_25,_1828._Having_entered_the_military_to_seek_glory,_he_served_as_a_lieutenant_in_the_Prussian_Hussars_and_was_decorated_for_bravery_during_the_Schleswig-Holstein_War_of_1848-1851._Hoping_to_avoid_creditors,_he_enlisted_afterwards_in_the_Austrian_army_but_could_not_keep_from_gambling_there,_either._His_father_forced_him_to_go_to_the_United_States,_where_he_arrived_shortly_after_the_start_of_the_Civil_War._A_fellow_German,_Union_Gen._Ludwig_Blenker,_offered_him_the_position_as_chief_of_staff,_which_he_accepted._At_a_reception_for_officers_held_by_Pres._Abraham_Lincoln,_the_prince_met_his_future_wife_Agnes_Elisabeth_Leclerq_Joy,_a_spirited_woman_known_for_riding_a_half-wild_mustang_around_Washington._The_couple_married_on_August_30,_1862,_and_later_that_fall_the_princess_connection_to_the_Lincolns_kept_him_in_the_officer_corps_as_the_War_Department_attempted_to_thin_its_ranks._(It_was_not_unusual_during_the_war_for_wives_of_officers_to_lobby_for_husbands_who_were_off_in_the_field,_and_was_especially_important_when_the_men_lacked_allies._Salm-Salm_had_not_been_to_West_Point,_was_not_politically_active,_was_not_well-liked_in_the_German_community_because_of_his_noble_birth,_and_his_association_with_Blenker_might_have_damaged_his_relation_with_influential_Germans_such_as_Gen._Carl_Schurz_or_Gen._Franz_Sigel__making_his_wifes_connections_all_the_more_important.)_Commissioned_as_Colonel_of_the_8th_New_York_Infantry,_the_prince_joined_his_regiment_in_December,_shortly_before_the_Battle_of_Fredericksburg_(at_which_it_remained_in_reserve);_however,_the_regiments_enlistment_expired_that_April._His_wife_next_obtained_for_him_the_command_of_the_68th_New_York,_but_it_was_not_until_June_1864_that_he_joined_the_unit,_which_protected_rail_lines_near_the_Alabama-Tennessee_border._Hearing_of_Gen._John_Hoods_invasion_of_Tennessee_that_autumn_and_eager_for_combat,_he_left_his_regiment_and_traveled_to_Nashville,_where_he_got_a_position_on_the_staff_of_local_district_commander_Gen._James_B._Steedman._After_witnessing_the_crushing_defeat_of_Hoods_forces,_Salm-Salm_ordered_his_regiment_to_meet_him_at_Stephenson,_Alabama_to_join_the_pursuit_of_the_Confederates_as_they_retreated_into_Georgia._The_prince_finally_led_his_men_into_battle_at_Decatur,_Alabama,_against_Hoods_rear_guard_in_December,_and_then_in_early_January_assumed_command_of_a_Reserve_Brigade_in_an_unsuccessful_attempt_to_catch_Confederate_raiders._Recommended_for_promotion_by_his_superiors_for_his_performance,_Salm-Salm_was_not_made_a_brevet_brigadier_general_of_volunteers_until_April_13__and_even_then,_his_wifes_influence_was_crucial._He_was_mustered_out_that_November_together_with_his_regiment__and,_in_a_sense,_his_wife_was_mustered_out_too,_since_she_had_accompanied_him_in_the_field_for_more_than_two_years,_serving_as_a_battlefield_nurse_(one_so_dedicated_that_she_would_tear_up_her_husbands_bed_sheets_to_make_bandages)._Through_connections_to_former_Prussian_and_Austrian_comrades_he_obtained_a_commission_as_colonel_in_the_army_of_the_Mexican_Emperor_Maximilian,_with_whom_he_stayed_with_until_the_end:_the_emperor,_two_generals_and_Salm-Salm_were_sentenced_to_death_by_Pres._Benito_Juarez,_but_after_the_death_of_the_others_the_princes_punishment_was_reduced_to_seven_years_in_prison,_and_his_wifes_intervention_gained_his_release._The_two_arrived_in_Prussia_in_December_1867_and_Salm-Salm,_who_soon_received_a_majors_commission_in_the_Prussian_army,_was_later_killed_while_leading_his_Fusilier_Battalion_in_the_Battle_of_Gravelotte_on_August_18,_1870._(Bio_by_Joern_Kaesebier)	_____
799	Anderson,_S.R.	Gen799.pcx	2	12	0	216	28	9	1	2	6	3	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex____
800	Archer,_J.J.	Gen800.pcx	2	34	0	216	14	9	1	6	7	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____pow_
802	Armstrong,_F.C.	Gen802.pcx	2	49	0	216	12	9	1	6	5	4	5	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	6	1	13	0	0	Brig._Gen._Frank_C._Armstrong_(b._1835,_d._1909)._Armstrong_served_in_the_U.S._Cavalry_prior_to_the_Civil_War._As_a_result_of_action_against_the_Indians_at_Eagle_Spring_in_1854,_Armstrong_received_a_field_commission_to_2nd_Lieutenant._As_a_Captain_in_the_2nd_Cavalry,_he_served_with_the_Union_at_the_First_Battle_of_Bull_Run._Afterwards,_Armstrong_resigned_his_commission_and_joined_the_Confederacy,_being_assigned_a_staff_position_under_Col._James_McQueen_McIntosh._He_saw_action_in_the_Indian_territory_in_the_Cattle_of_Chustenahlah_against_pro-Union_Creeks_and_Seminoles,_which_resulted_in_a_Confederate_victory._Armstrong_later_served_on_the_staff_of_Gen._Ben_McCulloch_until_McCulloch_was_killed_at_the_Battle_of_Pea_Ridge_in_Arkansas._After_Pea_Ridge,_Armstrong_was_assigned_as_adjutant-general_to_Col._Alexander_E._Steen,_who_commanded_a_brigade_of_Missouri_volunteers._Armstrong_eventually_became_the_Colonel_of_the_3rd_Louisiana_Infantry_regiment._At_the_request_of_Gen._Sterling_Price,_he_commanded_all_of_the_Confederate_cavalry_west_of_the_Mississippi_once_Gen._Earl_Van_Dorn_moved_east_of_the_river._In_1862,_his_cavalry_launched_raids_into_western_Tennessee_and_served_in_Mississippi_in_the_Battle_of_Iuka_that_September_and_Battle_of_Corinth_that_October._On_January_30,_1863,_Armstrong_was_promoted_to_Brigadier_General_and_put_in_command_of_a_cavalry_brigade_under_Van_Dorn_and_later_a_division_under_Gen._Nathan_Bedford_Forrest._His_division_saw_action_in_the_Battle_of_Chickamauga,_and_its_performance_led_Forrest_to_remark,_The_charges_made_by_Armstrong's_brigade_while_fighting_on_foot_would_be_creditable_to_the_best_drilled_infantry._Armstrongs_division_was_assigned_to_Gen._James_Longstreet_during_the_failed_campaign_at_Knoxville._After_a_leave_of_absence,_he_was_reassigned_to_command_a_cavalry_brigade_in_Gen._William_H._Jacksons_division_and_saw_extensive_action_against_the_Union_during_their_Atlanta_campaign._When_Gen._John_B._Hoods_army_moved_into_Tennessee_and_was_defeated,_Armstrongs_brigade_acted_as_a_rear_guard_during_the_retreat._During_the_final_months_of_the_war,_Armstrong_saw_action_in_Selma,_Alabama_under_Forrest_against_forces_led_by_Union_Gen._James_H._Wilson._Forced_to_withdraw_from_Selma,_the_war_ended_for_Armstrong_while_he_was_commanding_a_depleted_division_in_Macon,_Georgia._(Bio_by_Raymond_Romine)	__fought_for_union_at_1st_bull_run___
803	Ashby,_T.	Gen803.pcx	2	33	0	216	31	50	1	6	4	6	4	7	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	3	9	13	0	Brig._Gen._Turner_Ashby,_Jr._(b._1828,_d._1862)._Gen._Stonewall_Jackson_wrote_after_the_death_of_his_cavalry_commander,_As_a_partisan_officer_I_never_knew_his_superior;_his_daring_was_proverbial;_his_powers_of_endurance_incredible;_his_tone_of_character_heroic;_and_his_sagacity_almost_intuitive_in_divining_the_purpose_and_movements_of_the_enemy._He_was_born_Oct_23,_1828_near_Markham,_Virginia,_located_in_the_Blue_Ridge_Mountains._At_an_early_age,_he_showed_great_horsemanship_and_marksmanship._In_the_1850s,_he_formed_a_volunteer_cavalry_company_called_the_Mountain_Rangers._After_John_Browns_1859_raid_on_Harpers_Ferry,_the_Mountain_Rangers_were_absorbed_into_the_Virginia_Militia_and_performed_picket_and_guard_duty_in_the_ara_during_Browns_trial_and_execution._In_April_of_1861,_just_before_his_states_secession,_Ashby_helped_to_capture_Harpers_Ferry,_and_soon_thereafter_his_cavalry_company_became_part_of_the_7th_Virginia_Cavalry_Regiment_under_Col._Angus_W._McDonald._Bravery_and_daring_were_a_part_of_his_character,_but_his_recklessness_greatly_increased_after_his_brother_was_mortally_wounded_during_a_skirmish_near_the_Potomac_River_in_June_1861,_since_anger_over_the_violent_nature_of_his_brothers_death__he_had_been_shot_and_bayoneted_multiple_times,_but_lived_long_enough_to_tell_Ashby_what_had_happened__made_him_thirst_for_vengeance_against_the_Union._He_was_appointed_Colonel_of_the_7th_Cavalry_on_March_12,_1862,_when_rheumatism_forced_McDonald_to_retire,_but_had_already_had_been_operating_much_of_the_regiment_independently_because_of_its_commanders_illness._Having_spent_the_fall_and_winter_of_1861-62_operating_in_the_western_part_of_Virginia,_Ashby_that_spring_was_instrumental_in_Jacksons_routing_of_Gen._Nathaniel_P._Banks_army_during_the_first_part_of_the_Shenandoah_Valley_campaign._Though_Ashby_was_greatly_valued_by_Jackson_for_his_abilities_in_battle,_the_dangerously_poor_discipline_of_the_men_in_his_cavalry_command_led_the_general_to_disperse_these_units,_leading_an_angry_Ashby_to_threaten_to_resign._Ashby_and_Jackson_then_reconciled,_with_Jackson_restoring_to_Ashby_his_cavalry_command_and_Ashby_promising_to_become_a_stricter_disciplinarian._A_month_later,_on_May_23,_1862,_Ashby_was_rewarded_for_his_performance_with_a_promotion_to_Brigadier_General,_and_given_a_cavalry_command_that_became_known_as_Ashbys_Brigade_(and_later_became_the_Laurel_Brigade)._Just_two_weeks_later,_at_the_Battle_of_Harrisonburg_on_June_6,_1862,_Ashby_ambushed_the_1st_New_Jersey_Cavalry_and_took_dozens_of_prisoners,_including_the_regimental_colonel,_Sir_Percy_Wyndham._Later_in_the_battle,_he_collected_the_1st_Maryland_and_58th_Virginia_Infantry_to_lead_them_in_a_charge_on_Chestnut_Hill_against_the_13th_Pennsylvania_Reserve_Infantry_(better_known_as_the_Pennsylvania_Bucktails)._When_his_horse_was_shot_out_from_under_him,_Ashby_led_the_charge_on_foot,_saying,_Charge_men!_For_Gods_sake,_charge!_Moments_later,_he_fell_dead_from_a_bullet_to_the_chest._The_Confederates_continued_the_charge_and_took_the_hill._The_man_known_to_many_as_The_Black_Knight_of_the_Valley_was_finally_laid_to_rest_next_to_his_brother_in_Winchester,_Virginia._(Bio_by_Andrew_Thayer)	cav_____
804	Baker,_A.	Gen804.pcx	2	76	0	216	1	9	1	3	5	1	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____pow_
805	Baker,_L.S.	Gen805.pcx	2	60	0	216	23	9	1	5	7	3	4	6	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
806	Baldwin,_W.E.	Gen806.pcx	2	40	0	216	18	9	1	4	3	1	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	24	20	0	0	0	nobio	__killed_when_fell_fr_a_horse__pow_
807	Barksdale,_W.	Gen807.pcx	2	38	0	216	18	9	1	7	6	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	13	22	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._William_Barksdale_(b._1821,_d._1863)._Barksdale_hailed_from_Tennessee,_graduating_from_the_University_of_Nashville_before_practicing_Law_in_Mississippi._Having_become_bored_with_law_practice,_he_became_the_editor_of_the_Columbus_(Mississippi)_Democrat,_a_pro-slavery_publication._He_served_in_the_2nd_Mississippi_during_the_Mexican-American_War_as_a_captain_and_quartermaster,_though_he_was_often_involved_in_the_fighting_alongside_the_infantry._After_the_war,_he_was_elected_to_the_House_of_Representatives,_gaining_national_prominence_as_a_States_Right_Democrat_and_reportedly_standing_next_to_Rep._Preston_S._Brooks_as_Brooks_attacked_Massachusetts_abolitionist_Sen._Charles_Sumner_in_the_Senate_chamber_with_a_cane._After_Mississippi_seceded,_Barksdale_resigned_from_Congress_to_become_Adjutant_General,_and_then_Quartermaster_General,_of_the_Mississippi_Militia,_at_the_rank_of_Brigadier_General._In_May,_1861_he_was_appointed_Colonel_of_the_13th_Mississippi_Infantry_in_the_Confederate_States_Army,_a_regiment_that_he_led_in_the_First_Battle_of_Bull_Run_that_summer._The_following_spring,_he_took_his_regiment_to_the_Virginia_Peninsula_and_fought_in_the_Peninsula_Campaign_and_the_Seven_Days_Battle._When_his_brigade_commander,_Brig._Gen._Richard_Griffin,_was_mortally_wounded_at_the_Battle_of_Savage's_Station_on_June_29,_1862,_Barksdale_assumed_command_of_the_brigade_and_led_it_in_an_heroic,_but_bloody_and_futile,_charge_at_the_Battle_of_Malvern_Hill._The_brigade_became_known_as_Barksdale's_Mississippi_Brigade._He_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general_on_August_12,_1862._Barksdales_Mississippi_Brigade_distinguished_itself_in_most_of_the_major_battles_leading_up_to_Gettysburg,_which_included_Maryland_Heights,_Antietam,_Fredericksburg,_and_Chancellorsville._At_Gettysburg,_Barksdales_brigade_was_given_the_task_of_attacking_the_Union_troops_in_the_Peach_Orchard._What_transpired_has_been_described_as_one_of_the_most_breathtaking_spectacles_of_the_Civil_War._A_Union_colonel_was_quoted_as_saying,_It_was_the_grandest_charge_that_was_ever_made_by_mortal_man._The_Confederates_smashed_the_Union_brigade_manning_the_Peach_Orchard_line,_wounding_and_capturing_the_Union_brigade_commander_himself._Barksdales_Mississippi_Brigade_proceeded_with_the_advance_for_nearly_a_mile_before_being_counterattacked._Barksdale_was_hit_in_his_left_knee,_followed_by_a_cannonball_to_his_foot,_before_being_mortally_wounded_with_a_shot_to_the_chest_that_finally_knocked_him_off_his_horse._His_troops_were_forced_from_the_area,_leaving_Barksdale_for_dead._He_was_captured_and_died_the_following_day_in_a_Union_field_hospital._(Bio_by_Scott_Rowan)	_mex_he_led_fr_the_front___
808	Barringer,_R.C.	Gen808.pcx	2	82	0	216	23	9	1	4	7	3	3	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav_____
809	Barry,_J.D.	Gen809.pcx	2	86	0	216	23	9	1	4	7	4	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
810	Barton,_S.M.	Gen810.pcx	2	28	0	216	31	9	1	3	3	2	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Seth_Maxwell_Barton_(b._1829,_d._1900)._Barton_was_born_in_Fredericksburg,_Virginia,_and_entered_the_U.S._Military_Academy_at_age_15,_graduating_in_the_bottom_third_of_the_class_of_1849._Following_his_graduation,_Barton_served_in_various_frontier_posts_and_participated_in_the_campaign_against_the_Comanches_in_1857._Upon_the_outbreak_of_the_Civil_War,_Barton_resigned_his_captains_commission_with_the_regular_army_and_was_commissioned_a_Lieutenant_Colonel_in_the_3rd_Arkansas_Infantry_of_the_Confederate_army._Barton_saw_action_under_Gen._Robert_E._Lee_at_Cheat_Mountain_and_Greenbrier_River_and_later_as_Gen._Thomas_Stonewall_Jacksons_Chief_Engineer._Jackson_thought_highly_of_Barton,_and_he_was_promoted_to_Brigadier_General_in_March,_1862._Soon_after,_Barton_was_assigned_to_Gen._E._Kirby_Smiths_command_of_the_Department_of_East_Tennessee,_where_he_led_the_4th_Brigade_during_the_Cumberland_Gap_campaign._Transferred_not_long_after_to_command_of_the_1st_Brigade_of_Gen._Carter_L._Stevensons_division,_Bartons_Georgians_were_routed_at_the_Battle_of_Champion_Hill_after_a_vigorous_defense._Vicksburg_fell_not_long_afterward_and_Barton_was_taken_prisoner._Released_in_a_prisoner_exchange,_Barton_was_assigned_command_of_Armisteads_Brigade_under_the_overall_command_of_Maj._Gen._George_Pickett._Posted_in_North_Carolina,_Barton_was_commanding_one_of_the_forward_columns_marching_on_New_Bern,_in_February_1864,_when_he_was_censured_for_want_of_cooperation_by_Pickett_and_relieved_of_his_command._He_was_transferred_to_Gen._Robert_Ransoms_command_in_time_to_participate_in_the_Battle_of_Drewrys_Bluff,_though_soon_after_Ransom_relieved_him_of_his_command_for_reasons_similar_to_Gen._Picketts,_although_Bartons_personal_bravery_was_never_in_question._Other_officers_came_to_Bartons_defense_and_he_was_reinstated_in_command_of_a_brigade_and_participated_in_the_defense_of_Richmond_under_Lt._Gen._Richard_S._Ewell._The_end_of_the_war_found_Barton_at_the_Battle_of_Saylers_Creek,_where_he_surrendered_with_a_large_portion_of_Lees_army._Barton_enjoyed_a_long_career_after_the_war_as_a_noted_chemist_and_made_his_home_in_Fredericksburg,_where_he_died_on_April_11,_1900._(Bio_by_M.I._Goodman)	__engineer__wp_
811	Bate,_W.B.	Gen811.pcx	2	43	0	216	28	9	1	6	6	6	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._William_Brimage_Bate_(b._1826,_d._1905)._Bate_was_a_beloved_politician_who_fought_hard_for_the_Confederacy,_sustaining_multiple_debilitating_wounds_in_the_course_of_the_war,_and_following_the_war_went_on_to_serve_as_both_a_governor_and_senator_from_Tennessee._In_the_pantheon_of_stars_shining_in_the_Tennessee_sky,_Bates_is_among_the_brightest._Bate_had_served_as_a_volunteer_in_the_Mexican_War,_and_upon_the_outbreak_of_the_Civil_War,_hastened_to_join_the_Confederacy_where_he_first_served_as_a_Colonel_of_the_2nd_Tennessee_Regiment_at_First_Manassas._Soon_after,_he_went_on_to_command_a_detachment_of_Gen._Patrick_R._Cleburne's_brigade_of_Gen._William_J._Hardee's_Corps_at_Shiloh,_where_he_sustained_his_first_major_wound_in_the_leg._Moreover,_at_Shiloh,_Bate_lost_his_brother,_brother-in-law_and_a_cousin._In_October,_1862,_Bate_was_promoted_to_Brigadier_General._In_February,_1863,_he_was_again_in_the_field,_assigned_to_command_of_Gen._James_E._Rains's_brigade_in_Gen._Leonidas_Polk's_army_after_the_formers_death,_and_in_June,_commanding_the_9th_Alabama,_37th_Georgia,_15th,_37th,_and_20th_Tennessee_and_Caswell's_battalion,_in_the_division_of_Gen._A.P._Stewart._He_took_part_in_the_Tullahoma_campaign_with_much_credit,_fighting_the_Battle_of_Hoover's_Gap_and_holding_at_bay_the_Federal_advance._In_this_action_he_was_in_command_of_the_Confederate_forces,_Stewart_not_arriving_on_the_field_until_nightfall._Bate_and_his_men_took_a_prominent_part_in_the_fighting_at_Chickamauga,_where_Gen._Braxton_Bragg_lauded_him_for_coolness,_gallantry_and_successful_conduct_through_the_engagements_and_in_the_rear_guard_on_the_retreat._Promoted_to_Major_General_in_February,_1864,_Bate_went_on_to_fight_at_Dalton,_Georgia,_and_in_the_battles_for_Atlanta,_and_joined_Gen._John_B._Hood's_Tennessee_expedition_for_the_Battles_of_Franklin_and_Nashville._At_the_end_of_the_war_he_surrendered_with_the_Army_of_Tennessee_in_North_Carolina._During_his_military_career,_Bate,_an_excellent_soldier,_was_wounded_three_times_and_had_six_horses_killed_under_him._Voters_remembered_his_commitment_to_duty_favorably_years_later_when_he_returned_to_his_political_career._He_was_elected_governor_of_Tennessee_in_1882_and_served_two_terms._At_the_end_of_his_second_term_he_was_elected_to_the_U.S._Senate_and_took_his_seat_on_4_March_1887._Bate_died_in_office_on_March_9,_1905,_not_long_after_starting_his_fourth_term_in_the_Senate._(Bio_by_M.I._Goodman)	_____
812	Battle,_C.A.	Gen812.pcx	2	63	0	216	1	9	1	5	5	4	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	-1	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Cullen_Andrews_Battle_(b._1829,_d._1905)._A_lawyer_who_became_involved_in_politics,_participating_in_the_electoral_college_in_1856_and_1860,_Battles_military_background_began_with_the_formation_of_the_Tuskeegee_Light_Infantry_after_John_Brown's_raid_on_Harpers_Ferry,_Virginia,_in_1859._Following_Alabama's_secession_from_the_Union_in_1861,_the_this_group_joined_the_2nd_Regiment_Alabama_Volunteer_Corps_and_was_ordered_to_Pensacola,_Florida,_to_seize_Federal_installations._Battle_was_elected_Lieutenant_Colonel,_and_subsequently_he_and_his_unit_moved_to_the_newly-formed_3rd_Alabama_regiment,_of_which_he_was_elected_Major._The_3rd_Alabama_was_the_first_Alabama_unit_sent_to_Virginia._After_being_mustered_into_Confederate_service_May_4,_1861,_the_unit_was_assigned_garrison_duty_in_Norfolk_under_Brig._Gen._William_T._Mahone._Battle_was_promoted_to_Lieutenant_Colonel_when_regimental_commander_Jones_Withers_was_promoted_and_transferred._In_May,_1862,_Battle_saw_his_first_combat_at_the_Battle_of_Seven_Pines,_at_which_Col._Tennent_Lomax_was_killed_in_action_leading_his_wing_of_the_regiment._Battle_was_slightly_wounded_and_later_promoted_to_Colonel_and_3rd_Alabama_commander._In_June,_the_regiment_was_moved_into_the_Alabama_Brigade_of_Brig._Gen._Robert_E._Rodes._Third_Alabama_fought_briefly_in_Battle_of_Gaines'_Mill_and_was_in_the_middle_of_the_heavy_fighting_at_Malvern_Hill,_where_it_suffered_200_casualties_out_of_354_men_carried_into_action._On_September_14,_1862,_Battle's_men_fought_to_defend_Turner's_Gap_during_the_Battle_of__South_Mountain,_allowing_the_Confederates_to_take_Harpers_Ferry_and_reform_their_forces_in_Sharpsburg._Battle_was_wounded_in_the_fight._Third_Alabama_fought_in_the_Bloody_Lane_at_the_Battle_of_Antietam._While_leading_men_in_the_Chancellorsville_campaign_on_April_29,_1863,_Battle's_horse_fell_on_him,_injuring_his_back._He_tried_to_return_to_action,_but_was_injured_again_May_1._Rejoining_his_unit_for_the_Gettysburg_campaign,_July_1,_1863,_3rd_Alabama_was_placed_by_Rodes_on_the_brigade's_flank,_aligning_with_the_North_Carolina_brigade_of_Brig._Gen._Junius_Daniel._When_O'Neal_moved_the_brigade,_3rd_Alabama_was_not_informed._Battle_attached_3rd_Alabama_to_the_command_of_Brig._Gen_Stephen_D._Ramseur,_participating_in_the_assault_that_pressed_through_Gettysburg._The_regiment_fought_on_July_3,_1863_in_an_assault_on_the_extreme_left_of_the_line._Battle_was_slightly_wounded_twice_during_Gettysburg._Battle_was_subsequently_promoted_to_Brigadier_General,_effective_August_25,_1863,_replacing_O'Neal_as_the_brigade's_commander._The_unit,_part_of_the_Second_Corps,_was_known_as_Battle's_Brigade_for_the_rest_of_the_war._Battle's_first_major_action_came_against_the_Army_of_the_Potomac_led_by_Lt._Gen._Ulysses_S._Grant_at_the_Wilderness_and_Spotsylvania_Court_House,_where_he_was_wounded_in_the_right_foot_on_May_8,_1864,_in_the_opening_stages_of_the_latter_engagement._After_his_temporary_leave_from_the_army,_Battle's_Brigade_participated_in_Lt._Gen._Jubal_Early's_Valley_Campaign_in_June_and_July._At_Third_Winchester_on_September_15,_1864,_Rodes_was_killed_and_Battle_briefly_assumed_command_of_the_division._The_brigade_fought_a_rearguard_action_at_Fisher's_Hill_Sept._22._Battle,_back_in_brigade_command,_was_severely_wounded_in_the_leg_while_leading_his_men_against_guns_supported_by_the_VI_Corps_during_the_Battle_of_Cedar_Creek,_Oct._19,_1864._Taken_from_the_field,_he_had_commanded_his_final_fight._He_returned_home_on_furlough,_and_was_paroled_as_a_brigadier_general_the_following_May._After_the_War,_Battle_won_a_seat_in_Congress,_but_was_not_allowed_to_serve_because_he_would_not_take_the_Ironclad_Oath._This_also_would_cost_him_a_nomination_for_the_United_States_Senate._In_his_later_years,_Battle_moved_to_New_Bern,_North_Carolina,_where_he_became_the_editor_of_the_town's_newspaper_and_its_mayor._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_____
813	Beale,_R.L.	Gen813.pcx	2	96	0	216	31	9	1	5	4	4	5	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	13	5	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Richard_Lee_Turberville_Beale_(b._1819,_d._1893).__Beale_was_not_a_natural_soldier._He_disliked_the_pettiness_and_tedium_of_being_an_officer_in_the_army_and_was_always_threatening_to_resign._He_even_offered_to_command_guerrillas_or_revert_to_the_rank_of_private,_but_somehow_he_was_always_persuaded_to_remain._He_was_born_in_Virginia,_the_son_of_a_veteran_of_the_Revolutionary_War._Well_educated,_he_studied_law_at_the_University_of_Virginia,_and_was_called_to_the_bar_in_1839._He_was_elected_to_Congress_as_a_Democrat_in_1847_but_he_didn't_accept_nomination_in_1848,_though_he_did_stay_active_in_state_politics._The_secession_of_Virginia_in_1861_prompted_Beale_to_enlist_in_the_cavalry_as_a_lieutenant._After_a_period_commanding_Camp_Lee,_he_joined_the_9th_Virginia_Cavalry_under_Col._W.H.F._Lee._When_Lee_was_promoted_to_command_a_brigade,_Beale_was_in_turn_promoted_Colonel_and_given_the_9th_Virginia._He_fought_on_the_Virginia_peninsula_in_early_1862._In_December_of_that_year,_he_commanded_a_force_near_the_Rappahannock_River_and_captured_the_Federal_garrison_at_Leeds_without_loss._He_then_served_under_Maj._Gen._J.E.B._Stuart_in_the_Second_Bull_Run_and_Antietam_campaigns._In_1863_Beale_earned_several_commendations_for_his_performance,_most_notably_in_April_when_J.E.B._Stuart_praised_him_for_beating_off_Maj._Gen._George_Stoneman's_Federal_cavalry_division_during_a_hectic_week_of_fighting._For_the_Gettysburg_Campaign,_Beale_led_the_9th_Virginia_as_part_of_Brig._Gen._Lee's_brigade_in_a_charge_on_Fleetwood_Hill_at_the_Battle_of_Brandy_Station._He_was_also_present_when_Stuart_rode_around_the_Army_of_the_Potomac._At_Gettysburg_itself,_and_in_the_subsequent_retreat_to_Virginia,_he_took_part_in_much_hard_fighting._He_briefly_assumed_command_of_W.H.F._Lee's_brigade_during_fighting_at_Culpeper_Court_House_and_afterwards._Beale's_most_historic_small_cavalry_action_was_in_March_1864,_when_he_intercepted_Col._Ulric_Dahlgren_and_his_raiders._A_detachment_of_Beale's_9th_Virginia,_with_other_cavalry,_ambushed_Dahlgren's_force,_captured_a_number_of_men_and_killed_Dahlgren._On_Dahlgren's_body_some_papers_were_found,_outlining_the_purpose_of_Dahlgren's_raid:_to_burn_Richmond_and_kill_Pres._Jefferson_Davis_and_his_Cabinet._While_there_is_still_a_small_degree_of_doubt_as_to_whether_the_papers_were_genuine,_it_is_felt_by_some_that_the_publicity_around_the_plot_contributed_to_John_Wilkes_Booth's_desire_to_kill_Lincoln._Subsequently,_Beale_led_the_capture_of_two_Union_flags_during_the_Siege_of_Petersburg._In_August,_he_was_assigned_to_command_Brig._Gen._John_R._Chambliss's_brigade_after_the_general_had_been_killed_fighting_on_the_Charles_City_Road._In_February_1865,_Beales_promotion_to_Brigadier_General_was_announced_and_he_led_the_brigade_to_the_end_of_the_war._After_the_war,_Beale_returned_to_politics_and_was_re-elected_to_Congress_in_1879._He_wrote_the_history_of_the_9th_Virginia_Cavalry,_and_this_work_was_published_after_his_death._(Bio_by_James_McLeod)	cav_____
814	Beall,_W.N.	Gen814.pcx	2	30	0	216	2	9	1	5	4	3	3	4	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._William_Nelson_Rector_Beall_(b._1825,_d._1883)._Beall_was_born_in_Kentucky_but_raised_in_Arkansas._He_attended_West_Point,_graduating_in_1848_(30th_of_38_in_his_class)._He_was_commissioned_into_the_4th_Infantry_Regiment,_later_the_5th_Infantry,_and_then_the_1st_U.S._Cavalry,_serving_in_the_northwest._In_1861_he_resigned_from_the_U.S._Army_when_Arkansas_secede,_and_was_made_a_Captain_in_the_Confederate_cavalry._He_served_under_Gen._Earl_Van_Dorn_in_the_Trans-Mississippi_department._In_April_of_1862_he_was_made_Brigadier_General_(allegedly_in_response_to_Van_Dorn's_request_to_promote_him_to_Colonel!),_and_by_the_Battle_of_Corinth_was_in_command_of_Gen._P.G.T._Beauregard's_army's_cavalry._Following_that_battle,_he_was_given_a_mixed_brigade,_and_commanded_this_in_various_expeditions_in_Arkansas,_Alabama,_Mississippi,_and_Louisiana._Beall_was_placed_in_command_of_the_forces_at_Port_Hudson_beginning_September_1862,_with_orders_to_prepare_the_place_for_defense._In_December_Maj._Gen._Franklin_Gardner_assumed_command_there,_and_Beall_was_given_a_force_on_the_left_of_the_Confederate_defenses_which_consisted_of_the_10th,_12th,_15th_(Northwest),_16th_and_23rd_Arkansas_Infantry_regiments,_the_1st_Arkansas_Battalion,_the_27th,_35th_and_49th_Alabama_regiments,_the_2nd_Mississippi,_and_artillery_from_Louisiana._By_the_time_of_the_actual_siege_in_May-July,_1863_his_command_was_in_the_center_of_the_line._Port_Hudson_surrendered_on_July_9th,_1863_following_the_fall_of_Vicksburg,_and_Beall_(with_the_rest_of_the_surviving_garrison)_was_taken_captive._Initially_held_prisoner_in_Ohio,_in_1864_Beall_was_granted_parole_and_given_the_role_of_agent_for_arranging_supply_for_Confederate_prisoners_of_war_and_for_the_sale_of_Southern_cotton,_for_which_he_was_allowed_through_the_blockade_to_New_York._Beall_set_up_an_office,_and_successfully_used_the_proceeds_of_the_cotton_sales_to_provide_clothing_and_blankets_for_the_prisoners._However,_Beall_was_not_subtle_in_his_allegiances,_displaying_an_obvious_sign_outside_his_office_and_generally_embarrassing_the_Federal_authorities_whenever_he_could._In_January,_1865,_no_less_a_pair_of_figures_than_Gen._Henry_W._Halleck_and_Gen._Ulysses_S._Grant_were_corresponding_on_this_subject,_resulting_in_the_revocation_of_Bealls_parole_at_a_suitable_moment_in_the_schedule_of_cotton_shipments_and_his_reincarceration._Held_at_Fort_Lafayette_in_New_York_harbor,_Beall_was_not_released_until_August,_1865._After_the_war_he_moved_to_Missouri,_although_he_was_in_Tennessee_when_he_died._He_is_buried_at_Mount_Olivet_Cemetery_in_Nashville._(Bio_by_James_McLeod)	cav____wp_
816	Bee,_B.E.	Gen816.pcx	2	0	0	77	27	18	1	6	4	3	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Barnard_Elliot_Bee_(b._1824,_d._1861)._Bee_had_a_short_career_in_the_Confederate_Army,_but_is_remembered_for_one_of_the_immortal_quotes_of_the_Civil_War._At_a_critical_phase_of_the_First_Battle_of_Bull_Run_he_created_the_most_famous_nickname_of_the_war_when_he_cried_out_to_his_men_Look,_men,_there_is_Jackson_with_his_Virginians,_standing_like_a_stone_wall._Let_us_determine_to_die_here,_and_we_will_conquer._Bee_was_born_in_Charleston,_South_Carolina,_and_was_from_the_upper_echelon_of_local_society._His_elder_brother,_Hamilton_Prioleau_Bee,_also_became_a_Confederate_general._Barnard_Bee_went_to_West_Point_and_graduated_in_1845,_33rd_in_his_class_of_41._He_joined_the_U.S._3rd_Infantry_and_was_sent_to_join_the_force_occupying_Texas._He_was_mentioned_for_bravery_twice_in_the_Mexican_war._After_that_war_he_was_sent_to_Mississippi,_and_between_1849_and_1855_was_on_the_frontier_in_New_Mexico,_and_then_Wyoming._As_war_neared,_Bee_resigned_his_commission_and_returned_to_Charleston._He_joined_the_1st_South_Carolina,_and_was_made_Lieutenant_Colonel._In_June,_he_was_sent_to_command_a_brigade_being_formed_at_Manassas,_and_was_appointed_Brigadier_General._The_brigade,_consisting_of_the_2nd_and_11th_Mississippi,_4th_Alabama_and_1st_Tennessee,_became_the_3rd_Brigade_of_the_Army_of_the_Shenandoah_under_Maj._Gen._Joseph_E._Johnston,_and_played_a_key_role_in_the_First_Battle_of_Bull_Run._The_Union_plan_was_to_pin_the_Confederate_center_and_right_by_diversionary_attacks,_and_outflank_to_the_north_with_the_main_attack._The_Confederates_detected_this_just_early_enough_to_throw_troops_into_the_path_of_the_advancing_right_hook,_but_not_early_enough_to_form_a_coherent_line._As_the_Union_steamrolled_around_the_north_of_the_line,_and_crossed_the_Bull_Run_further_south,_a_double_envelopment_was_threatened._Bee's_brigade_bravely_held_attacks_for_a_short_while,_but_was_then_overwhelmed_and_thrown_back_in_disorder._It_was_whilst_rallying_his_men_that_Bee_saw_Gen._Thomas_J._Jackson's_brigade,_and_uttered_his_famous_cry._(In_fact,_there_are_two_versions,_the_second_being_There_stands_Jackson_like_a_stone_wall!_Rally_behind_the_Virginians!)_Almost_as_soon_as_he_made_this_call,_Bee_was_shot_and_carried_from_the_field._He_died_the_next_day._The_phrase_was_picked_up,_and_led_to_Jackson's_nickname,_Stonewall_Jackson._Ironically,_there_is_great_difficulty_in_tracing_firsthand_accounts_of_what_Bee_said_and_meant._While_history_has_always_interpreted_it_as_a_rallying_call,_pointing_to_the_steadiness_of_Jackson_as_he_sat_impassively_on_his_horse_despite_the_threatened_chaos,_there_is_debate_as_to_whether_Bee_was_actually_being_sarcastic,_and_indicating_that_he_thought_Jackson_was_sitting_there_passively_when_he_should_have_been_actively_arranging_support_for_Bee_and_the_others._This_interpretation_may_be_colored_by_some_of_Jackson's_later_moments_of_paralysis_and_unrelated_to_Bull_Run._We_shall_never_know._(Bio_by_James_McLeod)	_mex___wp_
817	Bee,_H.P.	Gen817.pcx	2	28	0	216	29	9	1	4	0	3	1	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Hamilton_Prioleau_Bee_(b._1822,_d._1897)._Bee_was_born_in_Charleston,_South_Carolina,_and_was_the_elder_brother_of_Gen._Bernard_Bee_(originator_of_the_Stonewall_in_Gen._Thomas_J._Jacksons_nickname)._The_family_was_noted_in_Charleston_society,_as_well_as_in_Texas._Bee_served_as_secretary_for_the_commission_that_determined_the_Texas_boundary_with_the_U.S._at_the_young_age_of_17._Four_years_later_he_was_part_of_the_Texas_peace_delegation_to_the_Comanches,_which_led_to_the_Treaty_of_Tehuacana_Creek._By_1846,_Bee_was_secretary_of_the_Texas_Senate._During_the_Mexican_War,_he_served_for_a_short_while_as_a_private_soldier,_before_becoming_an_officer._He_was_elected_to_the_State_Senate_in_1849,_and_was_Speaker_from_1855-57._At_the_coming_of_the_Civil_War,_he_volunteered_for_the_militia,_and_was_elected_Brigadier_General_in_March_1862._Bee_was_given_a_cavalry_brigade_consisting_of_the_1st,_23rd,_26th,_35th,_36th,_and_37th_Texas_Cavalry_Regiments._Bee's_brigade_was_charged_with_garrisoning_the_lower_Rio_Grande,_and_while_there_facilitated_the_import_of_European_weapons_through_Mexico_and_the_shipment_of_cotton_in_the_other_direction_to_pay_for_them__a_duty_he_was_to_perform_well_into_1864,_overcoming_a_range_of_difficulties._Among_these_problems_were_Mexican_raiders_who,_under_the_guise_of_being_Union_troops,_crossed_the_frontier_and_functioned_as_outlaws._Also,_in_November,_1863,_Bee_saved_a_considerable_store_of_munitions_and_stores_during_a_raid_on_Brownsville_by_Union_Gen._Nathaniel_Banks._In_the_spring_of_1864,_Bee_was_transferred_further_east,_and_his_brigade_was_placed_under_Lt._Gen._Richard_Taylor._He_served_in_the_Red_River_Campaign,_defending_Shreveport_from_Gen._Banks._Bee_was_severely_criticized_for_his_handling_of_troops_in_this_campaign._He_was_wounded_and_had_two_horses_shot_during_the_Battle_of_Pleasant_Hill,_while_his_lack_of_training_and_field_experience_showed_him_up._Taylor_stated_that_Bee_displayed_great_personal_gallantry,_but_no_generalship._Despite_this,_he_was_assigned_to_Maj._Gen._John_A._Wharton's_cavalry_corps_in_February,_1865,_and_later_even_commanded_a_brigade_of_infantry_under_Maj._Gen._Sam_Maxey_near_Houston._One_can_only_suppose_that_Bee_was_a_fast_learner_(or_that_the_Confederate_Army_was_running_short_of_options!)._After_the_war,_Bee_went_to_Mexico_but_later_returned_to_Texas,_where_he_remained_until_his_death._(Bio_by_James_McLeod)	cav_mex____
818	Bell,_T.H.	Gen818.pcx	2	98	0	216	28	9	1	6	5	4	5	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	16	15	3	0	0	Brig._Gen._Tyree_Harris_Bell,_(b._1815,_d._1902)._Bell_is_best_known_as_one_of_Lt._Gen._Nathan_Forrest's_most_trusted_subordinates,_despite_lacking_any_military_experience_before_the_Civil_War._Born_in_Kentucky,_Bell_grew_up_in_Tennessee_and_became_a_farmer._At_the_outbreak_of_war,_he_was_elected_a_Captain_in_a_volunteer_company_in_the_Provisional_Army_of_Tennessee._He_went_on_to_join_the_12th_Tennessee_Infantry_Regiment,_where_his_abilities_soon_led_to_his_rise_to_Lieutenant_Colonel._Bell_was_present_at_the_Battle_of_Shiloh,_where_he_commanded_the_regiment_and_stood_out_for_his_performance_(and_also_for_having_two_horses_killed_under_him)._In_July,_1862,_Bell_was_promoted_to_full_Colonel,_and_led_the_regiment_in_the_Kentucky_campaign,_before_joining_Gen._Kirby_Smith's_forces_to_participate_in_battles_at_Cumberland_Gap,_Richmond_(Kentucky),_and_Perryville._Bell_was_then_recruited_to_Gen._Forrest's_cavalry,_and_operated_in_Tennessee_and_Kentucky._He_raided_the_rear_of_the_Union_during_the_Murfreesboro_campaign,_and_was_at_the_flank_and_rear_of_the_enemy_during_the_Battle_of_Chickamauga._In_January,_1864,_Forrest_gave_Bell_a_brigade_of_cavalry,_consisting_of_the_2nd,_19th,_20th,_21st_and_22nd_Tennessee_Cavalry_Regiments._General_Forrest_later_said_of_the_Battle_of_Fort_Pillow_in_April:_I_cannot_compliment_too_highly_the_conduct_of_Colonels_Bell_and_McCulloch..._They_fought_with_courage_and_intrepidity,_and_without_bayonets_assaulted_and_carried_one_of_the_strongest_fortifications_in_the_country._This_is_just_one_of_a_series_of_Forrests_glowing_citations_for_Bell._By_early_1865,_Bell_had_been_made_Brigadier_General,_and_operated_with_Forrest_for_the_rest_of_the_war._They_both_surrendered_at_Selma,_Alabama,_following_their_final_defeat._After_the_war,_Bell_moved_to_California,_and_returned_to_farming._He_was_an_active_supporter_of_veterans_organizations,_and_died_in_New_Orleans_while_returning_home_from_a_reunion_in_his_late_80's._(Bio_by_James_McLeod)	_____
819	Benning,_H.L.	Gen819.pcx	2	52	0	216	6	9	1	4	7	3	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	24	25	0	0	0	nobio	_____
820	Benton,_S.	Gen820.pcx	2	85	0	216	18	9	1	6	4	4	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	9	0	0	0	nobio	_____
821	Blanchard,_A.G.	Gen821.pcx	2	16	0	216	12	9	1	3	7	5	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	11	0	0	0	nobio	_mex_engineer__wp_
822	Boggs,_W.R.	Gen822.pcx	2	44	0	216	6	9	1	2	0	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	7	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._William_Robertson_Boggs_(b._1829,_d._1911)._Boggs,_a_Georgian,_graduated_from_West_Point_in_1853._He_initially_served_in_the_topographical_engineers_and_ordnance_department_of_U.S._Army_before_resigning_as_a_1st_Lieutenant_in_February,_1861_in_order_to_join_the_Confederate_Army._He_never_held_a_field_command_during_the_war:__all_of_his_assignments_were_with_engineers_or_artillery_in_Georgia,_Florida_and_the_Trans-Mississippi_Department._He_initially_served_as_Gen._Braxton_Braggs_artillery_and_engineering_chief_before_resigning_in_late_1861_to_become_the_chief_engineer_for_the_state_of_Georgia._He_reentered_Confederate_service_as_a_Brigadier_General_on_Nov._4,_1862,_and_in_March_of_the_following_year_was_sent_west_of_the_Mississippi_River_to_serve_as_Gen._E.K._Smiths_chief_of_staff_for_the_duration_of_the_war._After_the_war_he_was_a_civil_engineer_in_Georgia_and_later_St._Louis,_and_from_1875-1881_he_taught_mechanics_at_Virginia_Polytechnic_Institute._He_then_retired_to_Winston-Salem,_N.C._(Bio_by_Kevin_Pugh)	__engineer__wp_
823	Nelson,_A.	Gen823.pcx	2	40	0	216	29	9	1	6	4	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	12	18	0	0	0	nobio	_mex____
824	Nicholls,_F.R.	Gen824.pcx	2	42	0	216	12	9	1	6	5	3	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
825	Northrop,_L.B.	Gen825.pcx	2	93	0	216	27	9	1	1	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Lucius_Bellinger_Northrop_(b._1811,_d._1894)._A_member_of_the_U.S._Military_Academys_Class_of_1831,_Northrop_never_commanded_troops_on_the_field_of_battle_during_the_Civil_War:_this_close_friend_of_Pres._Jefferson_Davis,_Northrop_suffered_from_the_effects_of_an_old_wound_and_illness_and_was_restricted_to_a_role_as_the_Confederate_commissary_general._Northrop_was_born_in_Charleston,_S.C.,_September_8,_1811._He_went_to_West_Point_and_after_graduation_was_on_duty_with_the_U.S._Army._Severely_wounded_during_the_Seminole_War_in_1839,_Northrop_went_on_permanent_furlough._He_studied_medicine_in_Philadelphia_and_returned_to_Charleston._Having_been_dropped_from_the_Armys_roster_in_1848_for_practicing_medicine,_he_was_reinstated,_supposedly_by_his_friend_Davis._Northrop_practiced_medicine_and_remained_on_sick_furlough_until_January_8,_1861,_when_he_resigned._When_the_Confederacy_was_formed,_he_was_commissioned_as_a_colonel_and_was_appointed_to_the_position_in_which_he_would_serve_for_most_of_the_war._His_role_was_to_provide_food_for_Confederate_troops_and_Union_prisoners_of_war,_a_daunting_task_considering_poor_infrastructure_and_wide_dispersal_of_military_personnel._Later,_Northrop_had_to_try_to_overcome_rampant_inflation_while_trying_to_procure_goods_from_people_who_did_not_want_to_sell_to_the_Confederate_government._Northrop_came_under_criticism_for_his_close_ties_to_the_Confederate_president,_which_may_be_why,_when_Davis_appointed_him_a_brigadier_general_on_November_26,_1864,_Davis_never_sent_the_nomination_to_the_Senate._Northrop_also_came_under_fire_for_reporting_critical_military_officials_to_Davis._Finally,_in_February_1865,_the_Confederate_House_of_Representatives_voted_that_Northrop_should_be_removed_from_his_office._Following_the_war,_he_was_arrested_by_Federal_authorities_on_June_30,_1865,_on_suspicion_of_having_deliberately_starved_prisoners_of_war._When_it_was_shown_that_the_charges_were_absurd,_he_was_released_that_October._He_later_spent_twenty-five_years_living_on_a_farm_near_Charlottesville,_Virginia,_and_died_in_the_Confederate_Home_at_Pikesville,_Maryland,_on_February_9,_1894._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	__comissary_general__rwp_
826	Oneal,_E.A.	Gen826.pcx	2	82	0	216	1	9	1	4	5	4	3	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____relieved_
827	Page,_R.L.	Gen827.pcx	2	76	0	216	31	9	1	6	7	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____navy_
828	Palmer,_J.B.	Gen828.pcx	2	92	0	216	28	9	1	3	5	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
829	Parsons,_M.M.	Gen829.pcx	2	0	0	124	19	18	1	3	2	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Mosby_Monroe_Parsons_(b._1822,_d._1865)._Parsons_survived_the_Civil_War,_but_did_not_last_through_his_next_adventure_in_war-torn_Mexico:_Parsons_was_killed_in_action_in_mid-August_1865_near_China_on_the_San_Juan_River_in_the_Nuevo_Leon_state._It_is_likely_he_was_fighting_with_the_Imperialists_and_was_killed_by_Republican_irregulars._Parsonss_highest_rank_confirmed_by_President_Jefferson_Davis_was_brigadier_general,_although_he_was_assigned_as_a_major_general_by_Gen._Edmund_Kirby_Smith,_many_of_whose_promotions_in_Kirby_Smithdom__the_Trans-Mississippi_Department,_which_Smith_continued_to_command_after_the_Union_split_the_Confederacy_by_gaining_control_of_the_Mississippi_River__were_not_recognized_by_the_Confederate_government,_and_was_paroled_at_that_rank._Parsons_was_born_in_Charlottesville,_Virginia,_May_21,_1822._As_a_young_man,_he_moved_to_Cole_County,_Missouri,_and_studied_law_there._He_was_admitted_to_the_bar,_but_suspended_his_legal_career_during_the_Mexican_War,_in_which_he_commanded_a_company_of_mounted_volunteers._Returning,_he_served_as_attorney_general_of_Missouri_from_1853-57,_following_which_he_was_elected_to_the_state_senate._As_war_loomed_on_the_horizon,_Parsons_allied_himself_with_Missouri_Gov._Claiborne_Jackson_in_an_effort_to_hold_the_state_for_the_Confederacy._When_the_war_started,_Parsons_commanded_the_6th_Division_of_the_Missouri_State_Guard,_first_seeing_action_at_the_Battle_of_Carthage_on_July_5,_1861._A_month_later,_on_August_10,_Parsons_was_again_leading_his_division_when_the_Guard_joined_up_with_Gen._Benjamin_McCullochs_Army_of_the_West_to_defeat_Gen._Nathaniel_Lyons_Union_army_at_Wilsons_Creek,_in_a_battle_sometimes_referred_to_as_the_Bull_Run_of_the_West._Later_that_fall,_the_Guard_formally_joined_the_Confederate_army,_and_Parsons_did_so_along_with_it._Having_fought_in_the_Battle_of_Pea_Ridge_and_various_lesser_engagements_in_Arkansas_during_the_1862_campaigning_season,_Parsons_received_a_commission_as_a_brigadier_general_on_November_5,_and_a_month_later_led_a_brigade_at_the_Battle_of_Prairie_Grove,_a_strategic_victory_for_the_Union_that_gave_them_control_over_northwestern_Arkansas._Parsons_continued_to_led_his_men_in_Arkansas_in_1863,_but_the_following_spring_he_was_sent_to_reinforce_Gen._Richard_Taylor_in_Louisiana_during_the_Red_River_Campaign_and_commanded_troops_in_the_fighting_at_Pleasant_Hill,_Marks_Mills_and_Jenkins_Ferry._On_April_30,_1864,_Parsons_was_assigned_to_duty_as_a_major_general_by_Smith,_and_he_accompanied_Gen._Sterling_Price_during_his_lengthy_raid_through_Missouri_in_the_fall_of_1864._After_the_war,_Parsons_fled_to_Mexico,_where_he_was_killed_along_with_five_other_former_Confederates,_including_his_brother-in-law_and_former_adjutant,_A.M._Standish,_and_former_Confederate_Congressman_A.H._Conrow._Parsons_is_believed_to_have_been_buried_in_the_state_of_Nuevo_Leon,_Mexico._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_mex____
830	Paxton,_E.F.	Gen830.pcx	2	44	0	216	31	9	1	3	5	1	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	19	0	0	0	nobio	_____
831	Payne,_W.H.	Gen831.pcx	2	80	0	216	31	9	1	7	7	4	4	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav_____
832	Peck,_W.R.	Gen832.pcx	2	98	0	216	12	9	1	6	5	4	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
833	Pegram,_J.	Gen833.pcx	2	44	0	216	31	9	1	4	5	4	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	9	16	0	0	0	nobio	_____
834	Pemberton,_J.C.	Gen834.pcx	2	10	0	216	31	9	1	4	5	4	2	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	2	-1	0	0	0	nobio	art_mex___relievedwp_
836	Pendleton,_W.N.	Gen836.pcx	2	29	0	216	31	50	1	4	4	3	5	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	16	24	0	0	Brig._Gen._William_Nelson_Pendleton_(b._1809,_d._1883)._Born_in_Richmond,_Virginia,_on_December_26,_1809,_Pendleton_was_a_grand-nephew_of_Gen._Thomas_Nelson,_a_signer_of_the_Declaration_of_Independence_and_governor_of_Virginia_in_1781._He_graduated_fifth_in_the_class_of_1830_at_West_Point._Appointed_2nd_lieutenant_in_the_4th_Regiment_of_Artillery,_he_served_three_years_in_the_army,_finishing_as_an_assistant_professor_of_mathematics_at_West_Point_before_resigning._Pendleton_then_became_a_professor_of_mathematics_at_Bristol_College,_Pennsylvania,_and_next_at_Delaware_College,_in_Newark,_Delaware,_before_entering_the_ministry_of_the_Episcopal_Church_and_being_ordained_as_a_priest_in_1838._He_returned_to_Virginia_in_1839_to_become_principal_of_the_Episcopal_High_School_of_Virginia_at_Alexandria,_a_position_he_held_for_five_years._In_1853_he_became_rector_at_Grace_Church_in_Lexington,_Virginia,_a_post_he_held_until_his_death_with_the_exception_of_his_time_serving_in_the_war._Pendleton_also_served_as_chaplain_to_the_cadets_at_the_Virginia_Military_Institute_and_at_Washington_&_Lee_University_in_Lexington._The_outbreak_of_the_Civil_War_caused_a_number_of_southern_clergymen_to_take_up_the_sword._Pendleton_was_elected_Captain_of_the_Rockbridge_Artillery,_whose_guns_he_named_Matthew,_Mark,_Luke_and_John,_but_quickly_rose_to_Colonel,_serving_as_chief_of_artillery_on_the_staff_of_Gen._Joseph_E._Johnston_and_then_Gen._Robert_E._Lee_when_each_was_commanding_the_Army_of_Northern_Virginia._Holding_this_position_from_First_Manassas_to_Petersburg,_Pendleton_on_March_26,_1862_was_promoted_to_Brigadier_General._Parson_Pendleton_conducted_religious_services_with_the_army_on_Sundays_and_held_weekday_prayer-meetings;_he_is_prominently_associated_with_the_great_awaking_religious_movement_among_the_Confederate_soldiers_in_the_Army_of_Northern_Virginia._His_only_son,_Lt._Col._Alexander_Swift_Sandie_Pendleton,_chief_of_staff_in_Jackson's_Corps,_was_killed_at_the_Battle_of_Fisher's_Hill_on_September_22,_1864._After_the_war,_Pendleton_returned_to_Lexington_and_Grace_Church,_where_he_often_was_mistaken_for_Lee_(who_briefly_served_on_the_vestry_of_Pendletons_church)._Pendleton_died_on_Jan._15,_1883_in_Lexington_and_was_buried_there_in_Jackson_Memorial_Cemetery._(Bio_by_Michael_Jennings)	art____wp_
837	Perrin,_A.M.	Gen837.pcx	2	64	81	216	27	9	1	4	3	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Abner_Monroe_Perrin_(b._1827,_d._1864)._I_shall_come_out_of_this_fight_a_live_major_general_or_a_dead_brigadier,_declared_Perrin_at_the_Battle_of_Spotsylvania_Court_House._On_May_12,_1864,_he_became_the_latter,_holed_by_seven_balls_while_leading_his_men_in_a_counterattack_against_Union_forces_in_the_exposed_salient_known_as_the_Mule_Shoe._Perrin_was_born_on_Groundhogs_Day,_February_2,_1827,_in_Edgefield_District,_South_Carolina._Fighting_in_the_Mexican_War,_he_was_a_second_lieutenant_and_later_was_promoted_to_first_lieutenant_in_the_regular_army._After_the_war,_he_studied_law_in_South_Carolina_and_was_admitted_to_the_bar_in_Columbia_in_1854._At_the_start_of_the_Civil_War,_Perrin_entered_Confederate_service_as_a_captain_in_the_12th_South_Carolina_Infantry_and_was_sent_to_serve_defensive_duties_in_the_Virginia_peninsula._In_1862,_Perrin_fought_in_the_Seven_Days_Battles,_Cedar_Mountain,_Second_Manassas,_Harpers_Ferry,_Antietam_and_Fredericksburg._He_was_promoted_to_colonel_on_February_20,_1863_and_put_in_command_of_a_regiment,_which_he_led_at_Chancellorsville_in_May_1863._When_fellow_South_Carolinian_Gen._Samuel_McGowan_lost_his_leg_to_a_minie_ball,_Perrin_briefly_led_McGowans_brigade_during_the_battle._With_McGowan_still_out,_Perrin_led_the_brigade_during_the_Gettysburg_Campaign_as_well._His_promotion_to_brigadier_general_was_made_official_on_September_10,_and_he_took_over_the_brigade_formerly_commanded_by_Gen._Cadmus_Wilcox_in_Andersons_Division_in_the_Army_of_Northern_Virginias_III_Corps._The_following_spring,_Perrin_drew_praise_for_his_performance_in_the_Wilderness,_May_5-7,_1864.__Just_a_few_days_later,_at_Spotsylvania_Court_House,_Perrin_was_in_the_middle_of_Gen._A.P._Hills_counterattack_after_Union_Gen._Winfield_S._Hancocks_men_hit_the_Mule_Shoe_and_captured_most_of_Gen._Edward_Johnsons_division._Perrin_was_mounted,_brandishing_a_sword_in_his_hand_and_leading_his_men_toward_the_works_when_he_was_struck_down._He_is_buried_in_nearby_Fredericksburg,_in_the_City_Cemetery._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_mex____
838	Perry,_E.A.	Gen838.pcx	2	39	0	216	5	9	1	3	4	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Edward_Aylesworth_Perry_(b._1831,_d._1889)._Commander_of_the_Florida_Brigade,_Perry_overcame_wounds_and_illness_to_lead_his_unit_in_the_Army_of_Northern_Virginia._Perry_was_born_in_Richmond,_Massachusetts,_on_March_15,_1831._He_received_early_education_at_the_Richmond_Academy_and_entered_Yale_in_1850,_but_left_after_a_year_to_teach_and_study_law_in_Alabama._He_later_moved_to_Pensacola,_Florida,_and_opened_a_law_practice_there_in_1857._In_1861,_Perry_entered_Confederate_service_as_a_captain_of_the_Pensacola_Rifle_Rangers,_a_unit_he_commanded_in_action_during_the_occupation_of_the_Pensacola_navy_base_and_Fort_Barrancas._He_took_the_unit_to_Virginia,_where_it_just_missed_the_fighting_at_First_Bull_Run._Assigned_garrison_duty_in_Yorktown,_the_Rifle_Rangers_were_incorporated_into_the_2nd_Florida_Infantry_Regiment._When_that_units_colonel,_George_T._Ward,_was_killed_at_Williamsburg_in_May_1862,_Perry_became_regimental_colonel._At_the_Battle_of_Seven_Pines_on_May_31-June_1,_the_unit_suffered_heavy_casualties,_but_captured_a_New_York_artillery_battery_and_its_battle_flag._Brig._Gen._Samuel_Garland,_Perrys_brigade_commander,_wrote_that_Perry_discharged_his_duty_with_signal_honor_to_himself._Perry_was_severely_wounded_at_the_Battle_of_Fraysers_Farm_during_the_Seven_Days_Campaign._His_promotion_to_brigadier_general_came_later_that_summer,_on_August_28,_1862,_and_his_command_of_the_Florida_Brigade_ran_through_the_Battle_of_Chancellorsville._Perry_came_down_with_typhoid_fever_after_that_and_was_out_of_action_until_the_1864_Overland_Campaign._After_being_severely_wounded_in_the_fighting_at_the_Wilderness,_Perry_was_reassigned_to_duty_with_the_reserve_forces_in_Alabama,_where_he_served_the_rest_of_the_war._After_the_war,_Perry_became_well_known_within_the_Florida_legal_community._He_was_an_outspoken_opponent_of_the_carpetbag_rule_and_he_was_elected_governor_on_the_Democratic_ticket_in_1884,_retiring_from_public_service_after_a_single_term._Perry_died_while_visiting_Kerrville,_Texas,_on_October_15,_1889._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_____
839	Perry,_W.F.	Gen839.pcx	2	98	0	216	1	9	1	5	8	4	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
841	Pettus,_E.W.	Gen841.pcx	2	68	0	216	1	9	1	3	5	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
842	Warner,_J.M.	Gen842.pcx	1	86	0	215	30	9	1	5	6	4	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
843	Warren,_F.	Gen843.pcx	1	36	0	215	9	9	1	4	4	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	16	14	0	0	0	nobio	____res'63_
845	Washburn,_C.C.	Gen845.pcx	1	36	0	215	33	9	1	3	6	4	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
846	Watkins,_L.D.	Gen846.pcx	1	83	0	215	0	9	1	4	3	1	3	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	23	0	0	0	nobio	cav_____
847	Webb,_A.S.	Gen847.pcx	1	58	0	215	22	9	1	4	5	5	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex____
848	Weber,_M.	Gen848.pcx	1	32	0	215	22	9	1	4	3	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	13	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Max_Weber_(b._1824,_d._1901)._Due_to_a_crippling_wound_he_received_in_his_first_real_battle,_Webers_military_record_would_list_the_command_of_garrison_troops_for_most_of_the_time._Born_in_Baden-Baden,_Germany_in_1824,_he_graduated_from_the_military_academy_in_Baden._Weber_became_involved_in_radical_politics_and_after_the_failed_1848_German_Revolution__in_which_he_fought_under_future_Union_general_Franz_Sigel__he_immigrated_to_the_United_States,_as_did_many_other_former_comrades._After_arriving,_Weber_ran_a_German_hotel_in_New_York_City_in_which_many_German_immigrants_stayed_after_their_arrival_in_the_United_States,_receiving_support_from_Weber_as_they_adapted_to_their_new_life._At_the_outbreak_of_the_Civil_War,_Weber_joined_the_Union_Army_and_raised_a_German-American_unit,_the_Turner_Rifles,_which_formed_the_nucleus_of_the_20th_New_York_Infantry,_a_regiment_which_fought_under_the_German_colors_of_black,_red_and_gold_as_well_as_the_Stars_and_Stripes._When_his_regiment_was_assigned_to_the_brigade_of_Gen._Ludwig_Blenker,_Weber_protested_successfully_against_the_move_because_he_despised_the_German_officer_for_his_arrogant_behavior_and_pompous_appearance._The_regiment_and_its_colonel_were_thus_sent_to_Fort_Monroe,_located_at_the_tip_of_the_Virginia_Peninsula,_which_remained_in_Northern_control_throughout_the_war._In_May_1862,_Weber_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general_of_volunteers_and,_as_part_of_Gen._George_B._McClellans_Peninsula_Campaign,_was_involved_in_fort_commander_Gen._John_E._Wools_capture_of_Norfolk,_located_across_Hampton_Roads_from_Fort_Monroe._Weber_subsequently_received_command_of_the_3rd_brigade,_3rd_division,_II_Corps_in_the_Army_of_the_Potomac._After_the_Unions_invasion_of_the_peninsula_had_been_repulsed_and_then_defeated_for_a_second_time_at_Manassas_that_August,_the_army_was_sent_north_for_the_Maryland_Campaign._At_Antietam_on_September_17,_Weber_led_his_inexperienced_troops_against_the_Confederate_Center_at_the_defensive_position_afterwards_called_the_Bloody_Lane._Their_charge_was_repulsed_with_heavy_losses:_the_brigade_suffered_more_than_450_casualties_in_five_minutes,_and_the_general_himself_was_badly_wounded_in_his_right_shoulder._Although_he_recovered,_he_could_no_longer_use_his_right_arm_and_was_assigned_to_recruiting_and_administrative_duties_throughout_1863,_but_he_returned_to_active_duty_the_next_year._As_commander_of_the_garrison_at_Harpers_Ferry,_he_served_under_Gen._David_Hunter_and_his_old_commander_from_Germany,_Sigel,_in_the_Shenandoah_Valley_in_May,_but_could_not_accomplish_much_with_his_small_force_of_about_800_men._This_was_Webers_last_field_duty,_and_he_resigned_from_the_army_together_with_Sigel_in_May_1865._After_the_war,_he_worked_in_the_Internal_Revenue_Department_until_he_was_appointed_as_U.S._Consul_to_Naples._Weber_died_on_June_15,_1901._(Bio_by_Joern_Kaesebier)	_____
849	Schurz,_C.	Gen849.pcx	1	30	0	215	33	50	1	2	3	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._Carl_Schurz_(b._1829,_d._1906)._Schurz_immigrated_to_the_United_States_from_Germany_in_1852_with_his_wife,_Margarethe,_after_having_played_a_minor_role_in_the_German_Revolution_of_1848_(as_had_future_Union_Gen._Franz_Sigel_and_Col._Friedrich_Hecker)._Schurz_belonged_to_the_radical_democratic_wing_that_had_defended_the_revolution_to_the_end,_even_against_Prussian_troops_in_Baden._He_escaped_the_victorious_Prussians_and_fled_to_Switzerland_and_France,_where_he_began_his_studies_of_military_history._As_a_new_American_citizen,_Schurz_became_a_Republican_in_1856_and_in_the_1860_presidential_election_supported_Abraham_Lincoln,_who_could_thank_Schurz_for_swinging_the_votes_of_the_German-American_community_his_way._At_the_beginning_of_the_Civil_War,_Schurz_was_sent_by_the_Lincoln_administration_to_Spain_as_its_ambassador,_but_despite_the_distance_he_remained_involved_in_domestic_politics._Within_a_year_of_his_appointment,_Schurz_had_returned_from_Spain_and_become_a_Brigadier_General_in_the_Union_army_in_April,_1862._Given_command_of_a_division_under_Gen._John_C._Fremont_and_then_in_Sigels_I_Corps,_Schurz_fought_at_Second_Bull_Run_and_then,_having_been_promoted_to_Major_General_on_March_14,_1863,_at_Chancellorsville,_where_he_commanded_a_division_in_Gen._Oliver_O._Howards_badly_beaten_XI_Corps._That_July,_he_and_the_XI_Corps_saw_action_at_Gettysburg,_where_he_held_command_of_the_entire_corps_for_a_few_hours_on_the_first_day,_while_Howard_was_commanding_the_army._Again,_the_XI_Corps_was_badly_beaten_due_to_low_moral_and_bad_leadership._After_the_battle,_Schurz_was_shifted_along_with_the_whole_corps_to_Tennessee,_where_he_fought_in_the_battles_for_Chattanooga._Schurzs_last_military_service_was_with_Gen._William_T._Sherman_in_North_Carolina._After_the_war,_the_political_general_became_a_politician_again,_opposing_Pres._Andrew_Johnsons_reconstruction_policy._Schurz_was_elected_to_the_U.S._Senate_from_Missouri_in_1869,_becoming_the_first_German-born_American_to_serve_in_that_body,_and_fought_corruption_in_the_Grant_administration._The_founding_of_a_Liberal_Republican_party_by_Schurz_failed,_but_he_played_an_important_role_as_leader_of_independent_members_of_Congress._In_the_1876_presidential_election_Schurz_supported_the_successful_candidacy_of_Republican_Rutherford_B._Hayes,_who_made_him_Secretary_of_the_Interior._After_he_had_resigned_in_1881,_Schurz_moved_to_New_York_City_and_returned_to_one_of_his_previous_professions:__journalism._In_this_capacity,_Schurz_was_able_to_have_an_impact_on_public_policy_in_a_number_of_areas,_and_he_was_especially_recognized_as_one_of_the_leading_opponents_of_imperialism._He_also_played_an_important_role_settling_a_conflict_between_the_United_States_and_his_native_Germany_over_Samoa_in_1889._Schurz_died_in_New_York_City,_where_a_park_named_after_him_surrounds_Gracie_Mansion,_the_mayors_official_residence._(Bio_by_Joern_Kaesebier)	____navy_
850	Scott,_R.K.	Gen850.pcx	1	96	0	215	24	9	1	5	5	2	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
852	Seward,_W.H.	Gen852.pcx	1	88	0	215	22	9	1	4	3	1	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
853	Seymour,_T.	Gen853.pcx	1	30	0	215	0	9	1	4	4	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	art_mex____
854	Shackelford,_J.M.	Gen854.pcx	1	52	0	215	11	9	1	4	6	4	1	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	19	0	0	0	nobio	cav_mex____
855	Shaler,_A.	Gen855.pcx	1	56	0	215	22	9	1	5	4	4	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	20	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
856	Shepard,_I.F.	Gen856.pcx	1	66	0	215	19	9	1	3	5	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	16	0	0	0	nobio	_____
857	Shepley,_G.F.	Gen857.pcx	1	36	0	215	13	9	1	4	5	2	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
859	Sherman,_F.T.	Gen859.pcx	1	100	0	215	7	9	1	3	3	4	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____resignedwp_
860	Sherman,_T.W.	Gen860.pcx	1	8	0	215	26	9	1	3	6	1	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex____
862	Shields,_J.	Gen862.pcx	1	14	0	215	17	9	1	3	5	2	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	17	12	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___wp_
863	Sibley,_H.H._(USA)	Gen863.pcx	1	40	0	215	0	9	1	4	3	2	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
864	Sickles,_D.E.	Gen864.pcx	1	16	0	215	22	9	1	4	1	1	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
865	Sigel,_F.	Gen865.pcx	1	0	0	126	19	50	1	3	3	2	3	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._Franz_Sigel_(b._1824,_d._1902)._Sigel_was_one_of_the_so_called_Fortyeighters,_who_emigrated_from_Germany_to_the_United_States_after_the_Revolution_of_1848._Sigel_had_been_trained_in_the_army_of_Baden_before_becoming_one_of_the_states_democratic,_revolutionary_leaders._When_Prussian_troops_ended_the_Revolution_in_Baden,_Sigel_saved_his_outnumbered_men_by_retreating_to_Switzerland._To_escape_the_revenge-seeking_royalist_German_governments_he_fled_to_London,_where_he_was_one_of_the_democratic_Germans_who_were_opposed_by_the_communist_Germans._(Karl_Marx_called_Sigel_the_beardless_Napoleon.)_In_1852_Sigel_arrived_in_New_York._Due_to_his_military_record_and_his_political_influence_on_German_immigrants_in_Missouri,_Sigel_was_commissioned_a_Colonel_as_the_war_began._His_reputation_was_so_high_that_German-born_Americans_wrote_the_hymn_Im_going_to_fight_mit_Sigel._He_saw_first_action_at_Carthage,_on_July_5,_1861,_and_Wilsons_Creek_a_month_later,_both_unsuccessful_attempts_to_drive_the_Confederate_forces_of_the_state._But_he_managed_the_retreat_with_his_merely_trained_and_outnumbered_troops_well._Having_been_promoted_a_Brigadier_General_on_August_7_(to_rank_from_May_17,_1861),_Sigel_commanded_two_divisions_of_Gen._Samuel_R._Curtis_Army_of_the_Southwest._At_Pea_Ridge,_Arkansas,_Sigels_forces_reinforced_the_almost_beaten_Union_troops_on_the_second_day._His_attack,_supported_by_heavy_artillery_fire,_proved_decisive:_the_Confederates_under_Gen._Earl_Van_Dorn_withdrew_and_had_to_abandon_Missouri_and_Arkansas._Sigel_was_promoted_to_Major_General_in_March_1862_and_sent_eastward_to_command_a_division_in_the_Shenandoah_Valley._During_this_first_command,_Sigel_suffered_defeat_from_Gen._Thomas_Stonewall_Jackson_in_his_famous_Valley_Campaign._When_Gen._John_Pope_was_transferred_from_the_West_to_the_East,_Sigel_commanded_the_I_Corps_in_Popes_newly_modeled_Army_of_Virginia._Badly_beaten_at_Second_Bull_Run,_Sigel_was_one_of_the_officers_heavily_criticized_for_the_defeat,_though_Pope_was_the_one_to_blame._The_depressed_Sigel_was_shifted_to_the_Army_of_the_Potomac,_in_which_he_commanded_the_XI_Corps_at_Fredericksburg,_where_it_formed_the_reserve._Due_to_bad_health_Sigel_resigned_after_the_battle,_which_had_been_fought_on_December_13,_1862._At_least_partly_because_of_his_need_for_support_in_the_German_community_in_the_upcoming_presidential_election,_Pres._Abraham_Lincoln_convinced_him_to_take_command_of_the_Department_of_West_Virginia_for_the_Valley_Campaigns_of_1864,_where_Sigel_was_given_the_task_of_threatening_the_Shenandoah_Valley._Almost_immediately,_Sigel_suffered_a_major_setback_when_he_was_repulsed_at_New_Market_on_May_15_by_the_legendary_counterattack_of_the_Virginia_Military_Institutes_cadets,_who_had_marched_eighty_miles_in_four_days_to_fight_alongside_Confederate_troops_under_Gen._John_C._Breckinridge._Gen._David_Hunter_subsequently_replaced_the_unfortunate_Sigel_(and_burned_V.M.I._in_retaliation_a_month_later)._Sigel_quit_the_army_in_May_1865_and_became_a_publisher_(though_he_would_never_speak_English_well)_in_Baltimore_and_New_York,_supporting_the_Republicans._When_he_died_he_was_eulogized_by_Carl_Schurz,_another_prominent_Union_general_who_left_Germany_in_the_aftermath_of_the_failed_revolution,_and_later_was_honored_with_equestrian_statues_in_St._Louis_and_New_York,_an_honor_which_in_his_native_country_was_reserved_to_monarchs._(Bio_by_Joern_Kaesebier)	____1stin_classwp_
866	Sill,_J.W.	Gen866.pcx	1	36	0	215	24	9	1	5	4	2	3	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____army_Czar_
867	Slack,_J.R.	Gen867.pcx	1	92	0	215	8	9	1	2	6	3	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
868	Slemmer,_A.J.	Gen868.pcx	1	44	0	215	25	9	1	4	5	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	7	12	0	0	0	nobio	_____
869	Slocum,_H.W.	Gen869.pcx	1	14	0	215	22	9	1	2	5	4	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
870	Slough,_J.P.	Gen870.pcx	1	38	0	215	0	9	1	5	4	4	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	9	25	0	0	0	nobio	_____
871	Smith,_A.J.	Gen871.pcx	1	28	0	215	25	9	1	3	3	1	1	4	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	23	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav____wp_
872	Smith,_C.F.	Gen872.pcx	1	14	0	215	25	9	1	3	6	4	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex____
873	Smith,_G.A.	Gen873.pcx	1	62	0	215	19	9	1	3	4	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
874	Smith,_G.C.	Gen874.pcx	1	36	0	215	11	9	1	5	3	2	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav_mex____
875	Smith,_G.A.	Gen875.pcx	1	40	0	215	7	9	1	4	4	1	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
876	Smith,_J.E.	Gen876.pcx	1	44	0	215	7	9	1	3	6	2	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____resigned_
877	Smith,_M.L.	Gen877.pcx	1	36	0	215	19	9	1	4	5	3	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
878	Smith,_T.C.	Gen878.pcx	1	44	0	215	24	9	1	5	5	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
879	Smith,_T.K.	Gen879.pcx	1	62	0	215	24	9	1	4	5	4	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
880	Smith,_W.F.	Gen880.pcx	1	14	0	215	30	9	1	4	4	1	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_engineer___wp_
881	Smith,_W.S.	Gen881.pcx	1	30	0	215	24	9	1	4	4	1	2	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav_engineer____
882	Smyth,_T.A.	Gen882.pcx	1	90	0	215	4	9	1	3	5	3	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
883	Spears,_J.G.	Gen883.pcx	1	28	0	215	28	9	1	1	3	3	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	25	0	0	0	nobio	_salveholder___resignedwp_
884	Spinola,_F.B.	Gen884.pcx	1	42	0	215	22	9	1	4	6	4	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_corrupt____
885	Sprague,_J.W.	Gen885.pcx	1	84	0	215	24	9	1	5	5	3	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	11	3	0	0	0	nobio	____resignedwp_
886	Stahel,_J.	Gen886.pcx	1	20	0	215	22	9	1	5	5	2	4	6	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
887	Stanley,_D.S.	Gen887.pcx	1	16	0	215	24	9	1	4	3	2	2	5	0	0	0	3	0	0	0	2	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav____pruss_army_
888	Stannard,_G.J.	Gen888.pcx	1	52	0	215	30	9	1	5	5	1	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____resigned_
889	Starkweather,_J.C.	Gen889.pcx	1	60	0	215	33	9	1	4	6	4	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
890	Steedman,_J.B.	Gen890.pcx	1	36	0	215	24	9	1	4	5	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____relieved_
891	Steele,_F.	Gen891.pcx	1	24	0	215	9	9	1	3	3	4	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___kenmi_
892	Stevens,_I.I.	Gen892.pcx	1	16	0	215	22	9	1	4	5	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	-1	0	0	0	nobio	_mex_engineer___
893	Stevenson,_J.D.	Gen893.pcx	1	44	0	215	19	9	1	4	4	2	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
894	Stevenson,_T.G.	Gen894.pcx	1	46	0	215	15	9	1	3	4	1	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____relieved_
895	Stokes,_J.H.	Gen895.pcx	1	108	0	215	7	9	1	2	3	3	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	0	0	0	nobio	art_____
896	Stolbrand,_C.J.	Gen896.pcx	1	98	0	215	7	9	1	3	5	4	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	24	2	0	0	nobio	art_____
897	Stone,_C.P.	Gen897.pcx	1	0	78	87	15	18	1	3	3	4	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	3	9	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Charles_Pomeroy_Stone_(b._1824,_d._1887)._Born_on_September_30,_1824_in_Greenfield,_Massachusetts,_Stone_graduated_from_West_Point_in_1845_and_was_commissioned_a_2nd_lieutenant_of_ordnance._He_served_in_the_Mexican_War,_earning_two_brevets_for_distinguished_conduct,_but_resigned_his_commission_in_1856._As_the_secession_crisis_flared,_Stone_became_inspector_general_of_the_District_of_Columbia_Militia_at_the_rank_of_colonel_(dating_to_January_1,_1861),_making_him_the_first_volunteer_officer_mustered_into_the_U.S._Army_before_the_war._In_this_role,_he_secured_the_capital_for_the_arrival_of_President-elect_Abraham_Lincoln,_and_was_responsible_for_security_at_the_new_presidents_inauguration._Stone_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general_of_volunteers_that_May,_and_a_month_later_engaged_in_the_Rockville_Expedition,_one_of_the_first_offensive_movements_by_Union_forces,_which_established_a_garrison,_Camp_Lincoln,_in_this_(at_the_time)_small_Maryland_town_to_protect_Washington_from_the_northwest._During_the_First_Bull_Run_Campaign,_he_commanded_a_brigade_in_the_Department_of_Pennsylvania,_the_force_which_failed_to_prevent_the_Confederate_Army_of_the_Shenandoah_from_reinforcing_Manassas,_and_then_in_the_new_Department_of_the_Shenandoah_under_Gen._Nathaniel_P._Banks._He_next_commanded_a_division_in_the_Army_of_the_Potomac,_the_Corps_of_Observation,_guarding_the_upper_Potomac_River._In_mid-October,_Gen._George_B._McClellan_ordered_Gen._George_A._McCall_to_intimidate_Confederate_Gen._Nathan_Shanks_Evans_into_abandoning_Leesburg,_Virginia,_which_led_Evans_to_leave_the_city_and_take_up_defensive_positions_on_the_Leesburg_Turnpike._Uncertain_of_the_situation,_McClellan_ordered_Stone_to_stage_a_demonstration_at_Edwards_Ferry_to_distract_the_Confederates_and_learn_about_their_positions_and_intentions._Stone_oversaw_the_crossing_of_the_river_at_Edwards_Ferry,_while_on_his_own_initiative_he_also_sent_a_second_demonstration_two_miles_upriver,_assigning_that_expedition_to_Col._Edward_D._Baker,_a_U.S._Senator_and_close_personal_friend_of_Lincoln_who_had_been_offered_a_generalship._The_senator,_who_had_not_formally_accepted_the_brigadiers_star_because_to_do_so_would_require_giving_up_his_seat,_was_a_novice_at_warfare._He_believed_the_words_demonstration_and_battle_were_synonymous_and_so_he_and_his_troops_were_soundly_defeated_on_October_21_at_the_ensuing_Battle_of_Balls_Bluff,_and_Baker_himself,_who_was_primarily_at_fault_for_walking_into_a_trap_without_proper_reconnaissance,_was_killed._However,_Stone,_a_Democrat,_bore_the_brunt_of_much_public_criticism_and_anger._Suspected_of_disloyalty_and_treason,_he_was_arrested_on_February_9,_1862._Contrary_to_Army_regulations,_no_charges_were_ever_filed_against_Stone,_but_he_was_imprisoned_for_189_days,_until_his_release_on_August_16._Without_assignment_until_May_1863,_Stone_was_ordered_to_the_Department_of_the_Gulf,_where_he_served_as_the_controversial_chief_of_staff_to_Banks_beginning_with_the_Siege_of_Port_Hudson._During_the_Red_River_Campaign_the_following_spring,_he_was_unfairly_blamed_for_the_Unions_lack_of_success,_and_in_April_1864_Stone_was_mustered_out_of_his_volunteer_commission_as_a_brigadier_general_and_he_reverted_to_his_rank_of_colonel_in_the_regular_army._He_briefly_commanded_a_brigade_during_the_Siege_of_Petersburg,_but_finally_resigned_from_the_army_in_September._After_the_war,_Stone_was_chief_engineer_of_a_mining_company_in_Virginia_from_1865_to_1870,_and_then_entered_the_military_service_of_the_khedive_of_Egypt,_becoming_chief_of_staff_and_general_aide-de-camp,_with_the_rank_of_lieutenant_general_and_the_accompanying_honorary_title_of_Ferik_Pasha._He_returned_to_the_United_States_in_1883,_and_resumed_his_engineering_work,_constructing_the_Statue_of_Libertys_pedestal._He_died_on_January_24,_1887_in_New_York_City_and_buried_at_West_Point._(Bio_by_Bill_Hawthorne)	_mex___wp_
898	Stoneman,_G.	Gen898.pcx	1	14	0	215	22	9	1	5	4	3	3	4	1	0	2	0	0	0	0	8	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav_mex___2nd_inclasswp_
899	Stoughton,_E.H.	Gen899.pcx	1	44	0	215	30	9	1	4	4	0	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	12	15	0	0	0	nobio	_____
900	Strong,_G.C.	Gen900.pcx	1	44	0	215	15	9	1	3	4	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
901	Strong,_W.K.	Gen901.pcx	1	16	0	215	22	9	1	3	4	3	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____powwp_
902	Stuart,_D.	Gen902.pcx	1	44	0	215	7	9	1	3	4	1	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
903	Stumbaugh,_F.S.	Gen903.pcx	1	44	0	215	25	9	1	2	3	2	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
904	Sturgis,_S.D.	Gen904.pcx	1	0	0	126	25	18	1	4	6	3	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav_mex____
905	Sullivan,_J.C.	Gen905.pcx	1	30	0	215	8	9	1	3	3	0	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
906	Sully,_A.	Gen906.pcx	1	40	0	215	17	9	1	4	4	3	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex____
907	Sumner,_E.V.	Gen907.pcx	1	4	53	215	15	50	1	3	2	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	0	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._Edwin_Vose_Sumner_(b._1797,_d._1863)._Sumner_was_the_first_commander_of_the_famed_II_Corps_of_the_Army_of_the_Potomac_during_the_Civil_War._He_also_became_the_oldest_field_commander_to_serve_on_either_side_of_the_conflict._His_nickname,_Bull_Head,_came_from_a_legend_that_a_musket_ball_once_bounced_off_his_head._His_Civil_War_service_was_marred_with_inconsistency._Sumner,_who_was_born_in_Boston,_in_1819_became_bored_with_his_life_as_a_businessman_and_decided_to_join_the_military._He_served_in_the_Black_Hawk_War_and_various_Indian_campaigns._He_was_considered_to_be_an_upcoming_officer_and_was_assigned_to_the_1st_U.S._Dragoons_upon_the_regiments_creation_in_1833_with_the_rank_of_Captain._He_took_part_in_the_Mexican-American_War_with_the_rank_of_Major_and_was_brevetted_to_the_Brevet_Rank_of_Colonel._In_1857_he_also_was_given_command_of_an_expedition_against_the_Cheyenne_Indians._Sumner_was_promoted_to_the_rank_of_Brigadier_General_in_1861_to_replace_Gen._Albert_S._Johnston,_who_had_command_of_the_Pacific_Department__thus_Sumner_was_in_California_during_the_campaigning_season_of_1861_and_took_no_part_in_the_Battle_of_First_Bull_Run._In_the_fall_of_1861,_Gen._George_B._McClellan_ordered_Sumner_back_East,_promoted_him_to_the_rank_of_Major_General_of_Volunteers_and_gave_him_command_of_a_division,_and_he_subsequently_was_given_command_of_the_II_Corps_during_the_Peninsula_Campaign._Sumner_was_criticized_after_the_Battle_of_Williamsburg_for_his_lack_of_aggression,_which_allowed_the_rebels_to_withdraw_fairly_easily._He_performed_well_at_the_Battle_of_Seven_Pines,_getting_his_Corps_across_a_river_to_come_to_the_aid_of_the_Unions_IV_Corps._Sumners_timely_arrival_prevented_a_Confederate_victory._At_Antietam_Sumners_Corps_attacked_the_Confederate_positions_in_the_center_of_the_battlefield._However_Sumner_performed_poorly_and_his_Corps_attacked_in_piecemeal_fashion._When_Gen._Ambrose_Burnside_took_command_of_the_Army_of_the_Potomac_the_Army_was_reorganized_into_three_wings_(or_grand_divisions)_and_Sumner_was_given_command_of_the_Right_Grand_Division._It_was_Sumners_Wing_that_launched_the_ill-fated_assaults_on_Maryes_Heights._After_Burnside_was_relieved_in_early_1863_Sumner_requested_to_be_transferred._He_was_given_command_of_the_Department_of_Missouri,_but_he_never_arrived:_Sumner_suffered_a_heart_attack_and_died_on_March_21st_1863_in_Syracuse,_New_York_at_the_age_of_66._His_final_words_were_The_Second_Corps_never_lost_a_flag_or_a_cannon,_NEVER..._God_save_my_country_The_United_States_of_America._(Bio_by_Matthew_G._Flanigan)	_mex____
908	Swayne,_W.	Gen908.pcx	1	98	0	215	24	9	1	4	7	3	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	16	0	0	0	0	nobio	____physiciam_
909	Sweeny,_T.W.	Gen909.pcx	1	8	0	215	19	9	1	3	4	4	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____medal_of_honorwp_
910	Sykes,_G.	Gen910.pcx	1	16	0	215	4	9	1	5	6	2	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex____
912	Pike,_A.	Gen912.pcx	2	14	0	216	2	9	1	5	5	3	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___res62_
913	Pillow,_G.J.	Gen913.pcx	2	10	0	216	28	9	1	1	3	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	13	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex_suspended_62__bad_
914	Prince_De_Polignac,_C.A.	Gen914.pcx	2	48	0	216	0	9	1	6	5	3	5	0	0	0	0	2	0	0	0	15	24	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._Camille_Armand_Jules_Marie,_Prince_de_Polignac_(b._1832,_d._1913)._One_could_write_an_entire_book_on_the_adventures_of_Polignac_(much_of_which_would_consist_of_his_lengthy_name)._Polignac,_who_would_become_the_highest_ranking_foreign_national_to_serve_on_either_side_of_the_Civil_War,_was_born_in_Miltemont,_Seine-et-Oise,_France,_on_Feb._16,_1832._He_was_the_son_of_King_Charles_Xs_president_of_the_council_of_ministers_and_an_English_mother._He_received_education_at_the_College_of_Stanislaus_in_Paris_and_joined_the_3rd_Regiment_of_Chasseurs_in_1853_as_a_private_after_failing_the_entrance_exam_for_the_Ecole_Polytechnique,_the_French_military_academy._Polignac_served_with_the_4th_Hussars_as_a_lieutenant_during_the_Crimean_War,_and_later_transferred_to_the_4th_Chasseurs_before_being_discharged_in_1859._At_the_start_of_the_Civil_War,_Polignac_was_in_Central_America._Having_met_P.G.T._Beauregard_and_future_Confederate_cabinet_member_Judah_P._Benjamin_during_a_visit_to_New_York_City_before_the_war,_he_immediately_offered_his_services_to_the_Confederacy_and_was_commissioned_as_a_lieutenant_colonel_on_July_16,_1861._In_1862,_he_served_on_the_staffs_of_Gens._Beauregard_and_then_Braxton_Bragg,_seeing_action_at_Shiloh_and_Corinth_and_joining_Bragg_for_his_1862_Kentucky_invasion._Despite_exemplary_performance_in_Kentucky,_especially_while_serving_under_Brig._Gen._Patrick_Cleburnes_division_at_the_Battle_of_Richmond_on_Aug._29,_Polignac_failed_to_get_the_field_command_he_desired_until_he_personally_lobbied_Pres._Jefferson_Davis_and_Gen._Samuel_Cooper,_the_Adjutant_General._Polignac_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general_Jan._10,_1863,_and_by_late_May_had_arrived_in_the_trans-Mississippi_theater,_where_much_of_his_service_came_in_Gen._Richard_Taylors_District_of_West_Louisiana._Put_in_command_of_the_2nd_Texas_Brigade,_which_Gen._Kirby_Smith_had_called_an_undisciplined_mob,_Polignac_soon_reigned_in_the_men,_who_dubbed_him_General_Polecat_rather_than_attempting_to_pronounce_his_name_properly,_and_made_them_an_effective_fighting_force._Polecat_and_his_Texans_fought_with_distinction_during_the_Red_River_campaign,_especially_at_the_battles_of_Mansfield_and_Pleasant_Hill._It_was_at_the_Battle_of_Mansfield,_which_took_place_in_De_Soto_Parish,_Louisiana,_on_April_8,_1864_and_was_the_first_major_engagement_of_the_Unions_Red_River_Campaign,_that_Polignac_gained_great_fame:_when_Brig._Gen._Alfred_Mouton,_who_was_commanding_Taylors_2nd_Infantry_Division,_was_killed_as_he_led_his_charging_brigade,_Polignac_assumed_command_of_the_division,_which_suffered_40%_casualties_while_crippling_a_Union_division_and_capturing_two_artillery_batteries._Two_months_later,_on_June_13,_he_received_a_promotion_to_major_general,_dating_back_to_the_day_he_played_a_vital_role_at_Mansfield._To_commemorate_Polignacs_finest_moment,_every_firstborn_male_descendant_has_been_named_Mansfield._Near_the_end_of_the_war,_the_Confederate_government_sent_Polignac_to_France_to_try_to_seek_intervention_from_Napoleon_IIIs_government._He_ran_the_blockade_on_March_17,_1865,_and_arrived_in_Spain_shortly_before_the_end_of_the_war._After_the_war,_he_studied_mathematics_and_political_economy,_but_came_out_of_military_retirement_to_lead_the_French_1st_Division_during_the_Franco-Prussian_War._Awarded_the_Legion_of_Honor,_Polignac_returned_to_the_study_of_mathematics_and_developed_a_reputation_in_the_field_prior_to_his_death_in_Paris_on_Nov._15,_1913._Polignac,_who_was_buried_in_Frankfurt,_was_the_last_Confederate_major_general_to_die._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	__traveld_to_france_to_seek_support_for_confederacy__frencha_rmy_
916	Polk,_L.E.	Gen916.pcx	2	46	0	216	2	9	1	4	4	3	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Lucius_Eugene_Polk._(b._1833,_d._1892)._Advancing_in_rank_from_private_to_brigadier_general,_Polk_fought_with_forces_in_the_west_until_the_Battle_of_Kennesaw_Mountain._The_nephew_of_Confederate_Gen._Leonidas_Polk,_he_was_born_on_July_10,_1833,_in_Salisbury,_North_Carolina._When_he_was_two_years_old,_his_family_moved_to_a_plantation_near_Columbia,_Tennessee._Polk_attended_the_University_of_Virginia_in_1850-51_and_then_settled_near_Helena,_Arkansas,_where_he_became_a_planter._When_the_Civil_War_started,_Polk_enlisted_in_the_Yell_Rifles,_led_by_Capt._(later_Gen.)_Patrick_R._Cleburne,_a_fellow_resident_of_Helena._Polk_served_under_Cleburne,_who_died_at_the_Battle_of_Franklin_in_November_1864,_for_most_of_the_war._As_part_of_the_15th_Arkansas_Infantry,_Polk_received_a_promotion_from_junior_second_lieutenant_to_colonel_of_the_regiment._This_came_after_Polk_was_wounded_in_the_face_during_the_Battle_of_Shiloh._Polk_rose_to_brigadier_general_on_Dec._13,_1862,_replacing_Cleburne_as_the_brigade_commander._Polks_command_fought_with_praise_at_Murfreesboro,_Chickamauga,_Chattanooga_(holding_Missionary_Ridge_until_the_supplies_ran_out),_and_into_the_Atlanta_Campaign._Suffering_his_fourth_wound_of_the_war_at_the_Battle_of_Kennesaw_Mountain_in_June_1864,_Polk_did_not_return_to_active_service_and_retired,_never_fully_recovering_from_his_wounds._He_later_served_as_a_delegate_to_the_Democratic_national_convention_in_1884,_and_in_1887_was_elected_to_the_Tennessee_state_senate._Two_of_Polks_sons_served_in_the_Spanish-American_War,_with_one_later_becoming_a_member_of_Congress_from_Pennsylvania._Polk_died_near_Columbia,_Tennessee,_on_Dec._1,_1892._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	____res_kennesaw-w_
917	Posey,_C.	Gen917.pcx	2	44	0	216	18	9	1	4	3	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Carnot_Posey_(b._1818,_d._1863)._No_Civil_War_wound_was_not_serious._Just_study_the_case_of_Posey,_who_was_hit_in_the_leg_during_the_Battle_of_Bristoe_Station,_on_Oct._14,_1863._Assured_that_the_wound_was_not_serious,_Posey_continued_with_his_duties._Infection_set_in_and_the_minor_wound_ended_up_taking_his_life_a_month_later,_on_Nov._13,_1863,_while_the_general_was_recuperating_in_Charlottesville,_Virginia._At_the_time_of_his_death,_Posey_had_already_seen_extensive_service_in_the_Confederate_army._Born_in_Wilkinson_County,_Mississippi,_on_Aug._5,_1818,_Posey_was_educated_at_Jackson,_Louisiana,_and_studied_law_at_the_University_of_Virginia._He_was_a_planter_for_some_time_before_starting_a_law_practice_in_Woodville,_Mississippi._When_the_Mexican_War_broke_out,_Posey_served_as_a_1st_lieutenant_in_the_1st_Mississippi_Rifles._Following_that_war,_he_was_appointed_U.S._district_attorney_for_the_southern_district_of_Mississippi_by_President_James_Buchanan,_and_he_served_in_this_capacity_until_1861._After_the_Civil_War_began,_Posey_recruited_the_Wilkinson_Rifles_and_became_that_units_captain,_later_being_elected_colonel_of_the_16th_Mississippi_Infantry_when_the_Rifles_were_assigned_to_this_regiment._The_regiment_went_to_Virginia_and_fought_at_Balls_Bluff_and_subsequent_battles_of_the_Army_of_Northern_Virginia._Posey_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general_on_Nov._1,_1862,_in_the_aftermath_of_the_Maryland_Campaign,_and_commanded_a_brigade_in_Gen._Richard_H._Andersons_division_in_the_Third_Corps,_until_his_fatal_wounding_at_Bristoe_Station._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_mex____
918	Preston,_J.S.	Gen918.pcx	2	82	0	216	27	9	1	4	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._John_Smith_Preston_(b._1809,_d._1881)._Noted_for_his_skills_as_an_orator,_Preston_was_an_unreconstructed_secessionist_until_the_end._Born_at_the_Salt_Works_near_Abingdon,_Virginia,_on_April_20,_1809,_Preston_was_the_half-uncle_by_marriage_of_Confederate_Gen._Wade_Hampton_III._Preston_was_educated_at_Hampden-Sydney_College,_the_University_of_Virginia_and_Harvard._He_studied_law_at_Harvard_and_began_a_practice_in_Abingdon_before_moving_to_Columbia,_South_Carolina,_which_he_later_left_for_a_few_years_to_engage_in_sugar_planting_in_Louisiana._Returning_to_South_Carolina_in_1848,_Preston_served_in_the_state_senate_until_1856._He_lived_abroad_from_1856_to_1860,_returning_to_head_the_states_delegation_to_the_Charleston_Democratic_convention._In_1861,_he_served_as_a_commissioner_to_Virginia_and_in_this_capacity_made_an_impassioned_plea_for_his_native_state_to_leave_the_Union._Preston_served_as_a_lieutenant_colonel_on_the_staff_of_Gen._P.G.T._Beauregard_during_the_siege_of_Fort_Sumter_and_at_First_Manassas._He_received_a_promotion_to_colonel_April_23,_1863,_and_then_to_brigadier_general_June_10,_1864._Preston_commanded_prison_camps_and_conscript_camps_before_being_named_superintendent_of_the_Bureau_of_Conscription_on_July_30,_1863,_a_position_he_held_until_it_was_dissolved._It_was_said_that_his_skills_as_an_orator_made_his_stint_in_the_unpopular_position_a_successful_one._After_the_war,_Preston_lived_in_England_until_1868,_and_also_at_one_point_delivered_a_speech_at_the_University_of_Virginia_defending_the_Souths_right_of_secession,_which_was_considered_very_controversial_in_the_former_Union_states._Preston_died_on_May_1,_1881,_in_Columbia,_S.C._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_____
919	Preston,_W.	Gen919.pcx	2	30	72	216	11	9	1	3	2	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._William_Preston_(b._1816,_d._1887)._Brother-in-law_of_Gen._Albert_S._Johnston,_Preston_saw_duty_as_a_general_and_a_minister_during_his_Confederate_service._Born_near_Louisville,_Kentucky,_on_October_16,_1816,_Preston_received_education_in_Kentucky_and_at_Harvard._He_received_his_law_degree_from_Harvard_in_1838_and_began_a_private_practice_back_home_in_Louisville._At_the_start_of_the_Mexican_War,_Preston_was_appointed_Lieutenant_Colonel_of_the_4th_Kentucky_Infantry,_which_saw_active_service_in_the_conflict._Following_the_war,_Preston_served_in_both_houses_of_the_Kentucky_legislature._He_next_won_a_U.S._Congressional_seat_in_1852_and_enjoyed_two_terms_in_Washington,_D.C.,_before_being_beaten_by_future_Confederate_Gen._Humphrey_Marshall._Pres._James_Buchanan_later_appointed_Preston_as_minister_to_Spain_in_1858,_in_which_role_he_attempted_to_purchase_Cuba_for_the_United_States._In_1861,_Preston_played_an_active_role_in_trying_to_get_Kentucky_to_join_the_Confederacy._When_the_war_broke_out,_he_joined_the_Confederate_army,_serving_on_the_staff_of_his_brother-in-law_until_Johnston_was_killed_at_the_Battle_of_Shiloh_on_April_6,_1862._Preston_was_appointed_brigadier_general_on_April_14,_and_fought_at_Corinth,_Murfreesboro_and_Chickamauga._Soon_thereafter,_however,_he_left_active_service_when_he_was_appointed_the_Confederacys_minister_to_Mexico._Unable_to_gain_an_audience_with_the_Emperor_Maximilian_to_fulfill_his_ambassadorial_duties_because_he_was_trying_to_avoid_taking_a_position_on_the_issue_of_recognizing_the_Confederate_States_of_America,_Preston_attempted_to_return_to_Richmond_but,_getting_no_closer_than_northern_Mexico,_was_pressed_into_duty_in_the_Trans-Mississippi_Department._Gen._Edmund_Kirby_Smith_placed_him_in_charge_of_the_Polignac_Division_with_the_rank_of_major_general,_although_the_Confederate_Congress_never_confirmed_that_rank._Preston_did_finally_make_it_to_Mexico__but_only_after_the_war_ended,_and_because_he_was_fleeing_with_fellow_Confederates._Preston_returned_to_Kentucky_in_December_1865,_and_served_in_the_states_legislature_in_1868-69,_also_serving_as_a_member_of_the_Democratic_conventions_of_1868_and_1880._Preston_died_in_Lexington_on_September_21,_1887._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_mex____
920	Price,_S.	Gen920.pcx	2	0	0	124	19	200	2	4	5	4	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	17	9	-1	0	0	Maj._Gen._Sterling_Price_(b._1809,_d._1867)._Long_before_Price_commanded_troops_in_the_Civil_War,_he_already_had_achieved_notoriety_as_a_soldier_and_statesman._Old_Pap,_as_he_came_to_be_known,_was_born_in_Prince_Edward_County,_Virginia,_on_September_20,_1809._He_was_educated_at_Hampden-Sydney_College_and_studied_law_following_graduation._Around_1831,_Price_moved_with_his_parents_to_Missouri__the_border_state_with_which_his_Civil_War_career_would_be_intertwined._Price_purchased_a_farm_in_Chariton_County,_and_soon_became_prominent_in_state_politics,_serving_six_years_in_the_state_legislature_(the_last_four_as_Speaker_of_the_House)._He_also_held_a_seat_in_the_U.S._Congress_from_1844-46,_resigning_to_serve_in_the_Mexican_War_as_Colonel_of_the_2nd_Missouri_Infantry._During_the_war,_Price_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general_of_volunteers_and_named_military_governor_of_New_Mexico._Having_returned_home_from_the_war,_Price_returned_to_politics,_serving_as_governor_of_Missouri_from_1853-57,_and_later_commanding_the_state_militia._In_1861,_Price_presided_over_the_extremely_tense_state_convention_that_opposed_secession._Military_action_by_Gen._Nathaniel_Lyon_against_the_Missouri_Militia_at_Camp_Jackson_and_the_bloody_aftermath__the_St._Louis_Massacre,_in_which_at_least_twenty-eight_civilians_were_killed__on_May_10_was_the_final_straw_for_Price,_whose_own_opposition_to_secession_crumbled_in_the_face_of_what_he_viewed_as_a_violation_of_his_states_sovereignty._When_the_Missouri_State_Guard_was_created_the_next_day,_Price_accepted_its_command_and,_having_established_a_base_in_the_southwestern_part_of_the_state,_recruited_and_trained_5,000_men._On_August_10,_Price_combined_his_state_troops_with_those_of_Confederate_Gen._Ben_McCulloch_to_rout_Union_forces_at_the_Battle_of_Wilsons_Creek,_south_of_Springfield._Differences_between_Price_and_McCulloch_led_them_to_separate,_with_McCulloch_returning_to_Arkansas_and_Price_heading_into_northern_Missouri._That_September,_Prices_troops_captured_the_small_town_of_Lexington,_in_a_four-day_battle_that_finally_ended_when_Confederate_troops_advanced_on_the_Union_position_behind_large,_rolling_hemp_bales_that_protected_them_from_enemy_fire._This_battle,_sometimes_known_as_the_Battle_of_the_Hemp_Bales,_made_Price_a_southern_hero._After_the_defeat_of_Prices_and_McCullochs_forces_at_Elkhorn_Tavern_(Pea_Ridge)_on_March_7-8,_1862,_which_gave_the_Union_control_of_Missouri,_Price_accepted_a_commission_as_a_major_general_in_the_Confederate_Army,_to_rank_from_March_6,_1862._Commanding_the_Army_of_the_West,_he_was_defeated_at_Iuka_and_Corinth,_Mississippi,_in_October_1862,_and_at_Helena,_Arkansas_in_July_1863._In_March_1864,_Price_helped_Gen._Edmund_K._Smith_repel_Gen._Frederick_Steeles_Camden_expedition._Later_that_year,_Price_launched_his_own_expedition_through_the_Show-Me_State_in_one_final_effort_to_retake_Missouri_for_the_Confederacy._Known_as_Prices_Missouri_Raid,_this_monthlong_campaign_began_with_12,000_men_forming_the_Army_of_Missouri_and_entering_that_state_from_northeastern_Arkansas._Their_advance_on_St._Louis_was_repulsed_at_the_Battle_of_Pilot_Knob_on_September_26,_despite_the_fact_that_the_outnumbered_Union_forces_retreated._Price_next_turned_north_and_west,_bypassing_the_state_capital_of_Jefferson_City_but_taking_several_smaller_targets._Continuing_west,_Prices_men_fought_at_Waverly,_Lexington,_Little_Blue_River,_Independence,_Big_Blue_River_and_finally_at_Westport._Following_their_defeat_at_Westport_on_October_23,_Prices_army,_which_had_been_severely_degraded_over_the_past_month,_turned_south,_fighting_one_last_battle_at_Newtownia_before_reaching_safety_in_Arkansas_and_then_Texas._Price_went_to_Mexico_after_the_war,_but_returned_to_Missouri_in_1866_following_the_fall_of_Maximilians_empire_in_Mexico._He_died_a_pauper_in_St._Louis_the_following_year,_on_September_29._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_mex____
921	Pryor,_R.A.	Gen921.pcx	2	31	0	216	31	9	1	2	2	1	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Roger_Atkinson_Pryor_(b._1828,_d._1919)._Pryor_reportedly_turned_down_the_chance_to_fire_the_first_shot_of_the_Civil_War_during_the_siege_of_Fort_Sumter,_but_he_did_not_turn_down_chances_to_serve_the_Confederacy_during_the_Civil_War._Born_near_Petersburg,_Virginia,_on_July_19,_1828,_Pryor_received_his_education_in_Nottoway_County_schools_and_the_Classical_Academy_in_Petersburg._He_was_valedictorian_of_the_Hampden-Sydney_College_Class_of_1845_and_soon_gained_a_reputation_as_an_orator._Pryor_also_studied_law_at_the_University_of_Virginia_and_was_admitted_to_the_bar._By_the_time_of_the_outbreak_of_the_war,_Pryor_was_known_as_a_lawyer,_newspaper_editor_and_congressman._Six_weeks_before_Virginia_seceded,_Pryor_resigned_his_seat_in_the_U.S._House_of_Representatives_on_March_3,_1861_in_order_to_protest_the_inauguration_of_Abraham_Lincoln_the_following_day._An_ardent_secessionist,_he_headed_to_Charleston_and_offered_his_services_to_Gen._P.G.T._Beauregard,_whom_he_assisted_during_the_negotiations_before_hostilities_had_commended_and_for_the_garrisons_surrender._Soon_afterwards,_Pryor_was_elected_to_the_Provisional_Confederate_Congress,_but_declined_in_order_to_enter_military_service_as_Colonel_of_the_3rd_Virginia_Infantry._Pryor_received_promotion_to_brigadier_general,_on_April_16,_1862,_and_in_this_capacity_performed_ably_enough_at_the_battles_of_Williamsburg_and_Seven_Pines_to_be_commended_by_his_superior,_Gen._James_Longstreet._He_led_his_brigade_in_the_Seven_Days_Campaign,_in_the_Battle_of_Second_Manassas_and_Battle_of_Antietam._Pryors_military_career_experienced_a_sudden_change_in_November_of_1862,_when_he_was_given_a_small_brigade_south_of_the_James_River._The_following_spring,_the_regiments_in_Pryors_brigade_were_reassigned_at_the_insistence_of_Gen._Robert_E._Lee_and_Longstreet,_effectively_ending_Pryors_command._Pryor_resigned_his_rank_on_August_18,_1863,_but_did_not_resign_from_the_army:_instead,_he_served_as_a_courier_without_rank_attached_to_the_cavalry_under_Gen._Fitzhugh_Lee._Pryor_was_captured_on_November_27,_1864,_and_held_at_Fort_Lafayette_in_New_York_until_his_release_shortly_before_the_end_of_the_war,_a_move_prompted_by_the_fact_that_he_had_been_captured_during_a_brief_truce._In_September_1865,_Pryor_went_to_New_York_City_and_became_affiliated_with_the_Daily_News,_initially_writing_under_an_assumed_name_due_to_concerns_about_his_prewar_reputation._He_was_admitted_to_the_state_bar_there_and_practiced_law_both_in_the_private_sector_and_as_a_judge_on_the_court_of_common_pleas_and_a_justice_on_the_state_supreme_court._He_spent_the_final_seven_years_of_his_life_as_a_special_referee_of_the_appellate_division_of_the_court._Pryor_died_on_March_14,_1919,_in_New_York_City._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_scout___res_63_
922	Rains,_G.J.	Gen922.pcx	2	16	0	216	23	9	1	7	7	1	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	12	0	0	0	0	nobio	engineer_mex____developed_mines__wp_
923	Rains,_J.E.	Gen923.pcx	2	44	0	216	28	9	1	4	7	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
924	Ramseur,_S.D.	Gen924.pcx	2	44	0	216	23	9	1	4	7	3	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	art____wp_
925	Randolph,_G.W.	Gen925.pcx	2	26	0	216	31	9	1	4	3	4	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	ccav_____
926	Ransom,_M.W.	Gen926.pcx	2	58	0	216	23	9	1	6	8	4	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
927	Ransom,_R.J.	Gen927.pcx	2	28	0	216	23	9	1	3	6	4	4	6	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav____wp_
928	Reynolds,_A.W.	Gen928.pcx	2	64	0	216	31	9	1	5	6	3	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	__relieved_for__bad_job__wp_
929	Reynolds,_D.H.	Gen929.pcx	2	76	0	216	2	9	1	5	7	3	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3	10	0	0	0	nobio	_____
930	Richardson,_R.V.	Gen930.pcx	2	70	0	216	28	9	1	3	3	2	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Robert_Vinkler_Richardson_(b._1820,_d._1870)._Richardson_briefly_served_as_a_brigadier_general_in_Tennessee_from_Dec._3,_1863_until_Feb._9,_1864,_when_his_nomination_was_returned_by_the_Confederate_Senate_at_the_request_of_Pres._Jefferson_Davis._No_reason_was_given_for_this_action,_but_Richardson_resumed_his_regimental_command._Richardson_was_born_in_Granville_County,_North_Carolina,_on_Nov._4,_1820,_but_moved_with_his_family_to_Hardeman_County,_Tennessee_as_a_youth._Having_studied_law,_he_was_admitted_to_the_Memphis_bar_in_1847_and_was_associated_in_business_with_future_Confederate_generals_Nathan_Bedford_Forrest_and_Gideon_Pillow._Entering_service_when_the_Civil_War_began,_Richardson_initially_served_under_Pillow_in_Missouri,_later_seeing_action_at_Shiloh_and_Corinth._He_formed_the_12th_Tennessee_Cavalry,_or_1st_Tennessee_Partisan_Rangers,_either_in_late_1862_or_early_1863_and_was_elected_colonel._Operating_in_western_Tennessee,_Richardsons_unit_was_accused_by_Unionists_of_being_no_better_than_bandits._Adjutant_General_Samuel_Cooper_ordered_Richardsons_authority_revoked_on_March_16,_1863,_but_before_the_order_could_be_enacted,_the_unit_was_mauled_by_Union_forces_at_Bolivar,_Tennessee._Acting_as_an_agent_for_the_Bureau_of_Conscription_in_Mississippi,_Richardson_raised_a_new_unit,_which_included_the_survivors_of_the_12th_Tennessee_Cavalry._This_unit_became_part_of_Forrests_command_in_the_fall_of_1863._After_the_Meridian_Campaign,_Richardson_was_removed_from_command_in_a_dispute_with_Forrest_during_reorganization_of_the_command._Richardson_returned_to_the_12th_Tennessee_Cavalry_on_Aug._30,_1864_and_led_it_during_Gen._John_B._Hoods_Tennessee_Campaign,_under_the_command_of_Gen._James_R._Chalmers._It_was_during_this_time_that_he_briefly_served_as_a_brigadier_general:_Richardson_held_the_title_of_brigade_commander,_but_not_the_rank,_briefly_January,_1865._After_the_war,_Richardson_went_abroad_for_a_time,_returning_to_engage_in_levee_and_railroad_building,_once_again_associating_with_Forrest._He_became_involved_with_the_Selma,_Marion_&_Memphis_Railroad_and_was_traveling_through_the_Missouri_boot_heel_in_January,_1870._Stopping_at_a_tavern_in_Clarkton_on_January_5,_Richardson_was_shot_in_the_back_by_an_unknown_assailant,_and_died_of_his_wounds_the_next_morning._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	cav_____
931	Ripley,_R.S.	Gen931.pcx	2	14	0	216	27	9	1	3	5	2	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Roswell_Sabine_Ripley_(b._1823,_d._1887)._Ripley_had_his_differences_with_superiors_and_subordinates_during_his_Confederate_service,_which_resulted_in_his_bouncing_around_to_different_commands._Despite_that,_he_earned_the_reputation_of_being_a_skillful_and_competent_field_officer._Ripley_was_born_in_Worthington,_Ohio,_on_March_14,_1823._Big_things_were_expected_from_Ripley,_who_graduated_seventh_in_the_U.S._Military_Academy_Class_of_1843._His_first_military_assignments_were_with_the_2nd_and_3rd_Artillery._During_the_Mexican_War,_he_served_on_the_staffs_of_Gen._Zachary_Taylor_and_Gen._Gideon_Pillow._He_was_twice_brevetted_for_gallantry_at_Cerro_Gordo_and_Chapultepec._Following_the_war,_he_wrote_the_two-volume_The_War_With_Mexico_in_1849._Three_years_later,_Ripley_married_into_the_Middleton_family_of_Charleston,_South_Carolina,_and_left_the_army_in_1853_to_engage_in_business_in_his_new_hometown,_though_he_remained_militarily_active_by_joining_the_state_militia._In_1860,_he_was_made_a_Major_in_Ordnance_of_state_forces,_something_which_ran_in_the_family:_his_uncle,_Gen._James_W._Ripley,_was_the_U.S._Army_Chief_of_Ordnance_from_1861_until_his_retirement_in_1863._A_Lieutenant_Colonel_in_1861,_Ripley_had_command_of_30_cannon_at_Fort_Moultrie_and_22_guns_and_mortars_on_Sullivans_Island_during_the_bombardment_of_Fort_Sumter._He_received_his_Confederate_commission_as_a_Brigadier_General_Aug.._15,_1861,_and_was_given_command_of_South_Carolina_until_he_was_replaced_in_1862_by_Gen._John_Pemberton._Ripley_then_commanded_a_brigade_in_Gen._D.H._Hills_division_of_the_Army_of_Northern_Virginia,_starting_with_the_Seven_Days_Campaign._He_was_badly_wounded_at_Antietam_six_week_later._On_duty_in_South_Carolina_in_1863_and_1864,_Ripley_was_ordered_to_join_Gen._Joseph_E._Johnstons_army_in_the_spring_of_1865,_which_he_did_on_the_day_of_the_Battle_of_Bentonville,_the_last_major_battle_fought_by_Johnstons_men._After_the_war_ended,_Ripley_went_to_England,_but_his_manufacturing_venture_failed._He_returned_home,_splitting_time_between_Charleston_and_New_York_City,_where_Ripley_died_on_March_29,_1887._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	art_mex___wp_
932	Roane,_J.S.	Gen932.pcx	2	29	0	216	2	9	1	3	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._John_Selden_Roane_(b._1817,_d._1867)._Roane_lived_a_very_active_life_before_the_Civil_War_ever_broke_out._Born_in_Wilson_County,_Tennessee,_on_Jan._8,_1817,_Roane_received_his_education_at_Kentuckys_Cumberland_College._He_followed_an_older_brother_to_Arkansas,_where_he_was_elected_to_the_state_legislature_in_1844,_eventually_becoming_its_Speaker._In_1846,_Roane_went_to_Mexico_as_lieutenant_colonel_of_Col._Archibald_Yells_Arkansas_volunteer_regiment._When_Yell_was_killed_during_the_Battle_of_Buena_Vista,_Roane_assumed_command,_but_his_conduct_led_to_a_duel_against_future_Confederate_general_Capt._Albert_Pike,_from_which_both_combatants_escaped_uninjured._Roane_was_elected_Governor_of_Arkansas_in_1849,_serving_until_1852._His_administration_was_lauded_for_advocating_a_state_system_of_roads_and_educational_facilities._An_opponent_of_secession,_Roane_was_not_among_the_first_to_enlist_in_Confederate_service._He_did_received_a_Confederate_commission_as_a_Brigadier_General_on_March_20,_1862._Roane_fought_at_Prairie_Grove_under_Gen._Thomas_C._Hindman,_who_had_superseded_him_in_command_of_the_District_of_Arkansas._Roanes_conduct_was_called_honorable._After_that_battle,_he_served_in_Arkansas,_Louisiana_and_Texas,_mainly_on_garrison_and_detached_duty._He_was_paroled_at_Shreveport,_Louisiana,_on_June_11,_1865._Retiring,_Roane_died_at_his_home_in_Pine_Bluff,_Arkansas,_on_April_8,_1867._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_mex____
933	Roberts,_W.P.	Gen933.pcx	2	99	0	216	23	9	1	4	2	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	13	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._William_Paul_Roberts_(b._1841,_d._1910)._The_youngest_general_officer_in_the_Confederacy,_Roberts_achieved_the_brigadier_general_rank_prior_to_his_24th_birthday._Legend_has_it_that_Gen._Robert_E._Lee_presented_his_own_gauntlets_to_Roberts_on_the_occasion_of_this_promotion._Born_in_Gates_County,_N.C.,_on_July_11,_1841,_Roberts_was_nineteen_when_he_enlisted_in_the_19th_North_Carolina_Volunteers,_which_later_became_the_2nd_North_Carolina._His_unit_first_served_in_North_Carolina_and_later_moved_to_the_Army_of_Northern_Virginia_in_late_1862._Meanwhile,_Roberts_advanced_through_the_grades_from_junior_2nd_Lieutenant_to_Major._He_was_commissioned_Colonel_in_1864_and_received_praise_for_his_conduct_at_Reams_Station,_where_he_led_his_men_on_a_charge_of_Federal_rifle_pits._Roberts_earned_promotion_to_Brigadier_General_to_rank_from_Feb._21,_1865,_and_was_given_command_of_a_brigade_in_the_division_of_Gen._W.H.F._Lee._At_the_Battle_of_Five_Forks_on_April_1,_Roberts_command_was_overwhelmed_by_a_much_larger_Union_force._He_was_paroled_at_Appomattox_Court_House_and_returned_home._In_1875,_Roberts_represented_Gates_County_in_his_states_constitutional_convention,_and_in_1876,_he_was_elected_to_the_state_legislature._Roberts_was_the_North_Carolina_state_auditor_from_1880-1888._He_died_in_Norfolk,_Virginia,_on_March_28,_1910._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	cav_____
934	Robertson,_B.H.	Gen934.pcx	2	34	0	216	31	9	1	3	4	3	4	5	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Beverly_Holcombe_Robertson_(b._1827,_d._1910)._Robertson_held_the_distinction_of_being_commissioned_in_two_armies_at_the_same_time._While_serving_as_an_officer_in_the_U.S._2nd_Dragoons,_Robertson_also_held_the_role_of_captain_in_the_Confederate_adjutant_generals_department_(to_rank_from_March_16,_1861)._That_led_to_his_dismissal_from_the_U.S._Army_on_Aug._8,_1861,_having_given_proof_of_his_disloyalty._Robertson_was_born_at_The_Oaks_in_Amelia_County,_Virginia,_on_June_5,_1827._He_was_a_member_of_the_U.S._Military_Academys_Class_of_1849_and_served_virtually_his_entire_pre-war_career_with_the_2nd_Dragoons._Robertson_was_a_favorite_of_Col._Philip_St._George_Cooke,_who_regularly_commended_him_in_dispatches._Soon_after_Robertsons_dismissal_from_the_U.S._Army,_he_was_elected_Colonel_of_the_4th_Virginia_Cavalry._He_fought_in_Jacksons_Valley_Campaign_in_1862._When_Gen._Turner_Ashby_was_killed,_Robertson_assumed_command_of_Jacksons_cavalry,_and_was_promoted_to_Brigadier_General_on_June_9,_1862._Serving_in_the_Army_of_Northern_Virginia,_he_served_under_Gen._J.E.B._Stuart_in_the_Second_Manassas_Campaign._Having_been_ordered_to_North_Carolina_for_a_time,_Robertson_was_back_for_most_of_the_Gettysburg_Campaign,_but_was_transferred_to_South_Carolina_because_he_had_fallen_out_of_favor_with_Stuart,_who_called_him_troublesome._He_stayed_there_until_his_district_was_evacuated_as_Union_Gen._William_T._Sherman_approached._Some_time_after_the_war,_Robertson_moved_to_Washington,_D.C._and_engaged_in_the_insurance_business._He_died_there_on_Nov._12,_1910._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	____wp_
935	Robertson,_F.H.	Gen935.pcx	2	84	0	216	5	9	1	3	4	4	4	3	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Felix_Huston_Robertson_(b._1839,_d._1928)._Robertsons_major_claim_to_fame_was_that_he_was_the_last_surviving_Confederate_general_officer_to_die,_passing_away_in_Waco,_Texas,_on_April_20,_1928._It_was_reported_he_was_the_only_native_Texan_to_achieve_a_wreath_around_his_stars._Another_odd_fact_about_the_second-generation_Confederate_general,_whose_father_was_Brig._Gen._Jerome_Bonaparte_Robretson,_was_that_the_Confederate_Senate_did_not_confirm_Robertson_at_any_grade_from_major_to_brigadier_general,_rejecting_the_final_nomination_on_Feb._22,_1865._Reasons_for_those_actions_were_not_made_evident._That_did_not_prevent_Robertson_from_serving_in_those_grades._The_younger_Robertson_was_born_in_Washington,_Texas,_on_March_9,_1839._He_attended_Baylor_University_when_the_school_was_located_in_Independence,_Texas._Appointed_to_the_U.S._Military_Academy_in_1857,_he_left_West_Point_on_Jan._29,_1861,_to_offer_his_services_to_the_Confederacy._The_young_nation_took_that_offer_and_commissioned_him_as_a_second_lieutenant_of_artillery_and_sent_him_to_the_siege_of_Fort_Sumter._After_that,_Robertson_went_to_serve_on_the_staff_of_Gen._Adley_H._Gladden_at_Pensacola,_Fla._At_Shiloh,_he_commanded_a_battery_with_the_rank_of_captain._After_distinguishing_himself_at_Murfreesboro,_Robertson_was_promoted_to_major._He_was_a_battalion_commander_in_Gen._James_Longstreets_command_at_Chickamauga._Robertson_then_received_another_promotion_to_lieutenant_colonel_in_January_1864_and_was_given_command_of_the_artillery_for_Gen._Joseph_Wheelers_Cavalry_Corps,_a_role_he_held_through_the_Atlanta_Campaign._Robertson_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general_on_July_26,_1864._He_first_served_as_Wheelers_chief_of_staff_before_being_placed_in_command_of_a_cavalry_brigade._He_later_ran_a_division_until_being_wounded_at_Buckhead_Creek,_near_Augusta,_Georgia,_on_Nov._29,_1864._That_wound_knocked_him_out_of_active_service._His_final_service_came_when_he_was_asked_by_Gen._Howell_Cobb_to_negotiate_the_surrender_of_Macon,_Georgia_to_his_former_West_Point_classmate,_Union_Gen._James_H._Wilson._After_the_war,_Robertson_studied_law._He_was_the_dean_of_the_local_bar_in_Waco_when_he_died._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	art__cav__wp_
936	Robertson,_J.B.	Gen936.pcx	2	44	0	216	29	9	1	4	4	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Jerome_Bonaparte_Polly_Robertson._(b._1815,_d._1891)._A_doctor_by_trade,_Robertson_had_many_chances_to_operate_against_Union_opposition_during_the_Civil_War__as_did_his_son,_Brig._Gen._Felix_H._Robertson._The_elder_Robertson_had_practiced_medicine_for_thirty-four_years_prior_to_the_outbreak_of_the_Civil_War._He_was_born_in_Woodford_County,_Kentucky,_on_March_14,_1815._When_his_father_died,_the_young_Robertson_was_left_penniless._He_was_apprenticed_to_a_hatter_for_many_years_before_attending_Transylvania_University_to_study_medicine._Robertson_graduated_in_1835_and_moved_to_Texas_the_next_year,_where_he_served_in_the_Republics_army_before_settling_in_Washington_County._Besides_practicing_medicine,_Robertson_developed_a_reputation_as_an_Indian_fighter._He_was_a_member_of_both_houses_of_the_Texas_legislature_and_a_delegate_to_the_1861_secession_convention._When_the_Civil_War_began,_Robertson_joined_the_Confederate_ranks_as_a_captain_in_the_5th_Texas_Infantry._He_was_promoted_to_Lieutenant_Colonel_in_November_1861,_Colonel_June_1,_1862_and_finally_Brigadier_General_a_year_later,_on_Nov._1,_1862._His_combat_experiences_included_the_Seven_Days_Campaign,_Second_Manassas_and_commanding_the_Texas_Brigade_at_Gettysburg._Robertson_was_wounded_at_Second_Manassas_and_at_Gettysburg._When_Gen._James_Longstreets_Corps_was_temporarily_assigned_to_action_in_Tennessee_and_Georgia,_Robertsons_unit_fought_at_Chickamauga_and_in_the_Knoxville_Campaign._After_those_actions,_Robertson_was_transferred_west_and_returned_to_Texas_to_take_charge_of_the_states_reserve_corps._He_served_out_the_remainder_of_the_war_in_the_Trans-Mississippi_Theater._After_the_war,_Robertson_returned_to_his_medical_practice_for_some_time._He_was_the_superintendent_of_the_state_bureau_of_immigration_in_1874._In_1879,_he_moved_to_Waco_and_became_active_in_railroad_building_in_west_Texas._He_died_in_Waco,_Jan._7,_1891._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	____doctor_
937	Roddey,_P.D.	Gen937.pcx	2	62	0	216	1	9	1	3	3	3	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Philip_Dale_Roddey_(b._1826,_d._1897)._A_cavalry_commander_who_served_under_both_Gen._Joseph_Wheeler_and_Gen._Nathan_B._Forrest,_Roddey_served_for_most_of_his_career_in_north_Alabama._He_was_born_in_Moulton,_Alabama,_April_2,_1826,_and_received_little_or_no_formal_education._He_worked_as_a_tailor,_served_as_sheriff_of_Lawrence_County,_Ala._and_worked_in_steamboating_on_the_Tennessee_River._In_1861,_Roddey_organized_a_cavalry_company_and_was_elected_the_captain._In_the_early_part_of_the_war,_Roddeys_unit_was_employed_in_semi-independent_scouting_missions._In_December_1862,_Roddey_was_commissioned_Colonel._He_recruited_and_organized_the_4th_Alabama_Cavalry,_which_served_under_both_Wheeler_and_Forrest._Roddey_was_elevated_to_Brigadier_General_on_Aug._3,_1863._His_unit_operated_within_the_larger_army_and_as_an_independent_force._He_fought_in_the_Atlanta_Campaign_and_Gen._John_B._Hoods_Tennessee_Invasion,_and_then_with_Forrest_at_Selma_as_the_units_tried_to_stave_off_Union_Gen._James_Wilsons_forces._When_the_Confederate_defenses_crumbled,_Roddey_and_Forrest_escaped_by_swimming_across_the_Alabama_River_under_the_cover_of_darkness._Paroled_May_17,_1865,_Roddey_moved_to_New_York_City_and_engaged_in_business._While_in_England_negotiating_the_sale_of_a_patent_for_a_pump,_Roddey_became_ill_and_died_(uremia_was_the_cause_of_death)_at_Westminster_Hospital_in_London_on_July_20,_1897._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	cav_____
939	Ross,_L.S.	Gen939.pcx	2	70	0	216	29	9	1	4	6	4	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav_____
940	Rosser,_T.L.	Gen940.pcx	2	64	0	216	31	9	1	4	6	1	2	6	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	11	0	0	0	nobio	art____wp_
941	Ruggles,_D.	Gen941.pcx	2	14	0	216	31	9	1	2	3	1	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Daniel_Ruggles_(b._1810,_d._1897)._Love_turned_Massachusetts-born_Ruggles_from_a_Yankee_into_a_Confederate._Born_in_Barre,_Mass.,_on_January_31,_1810,_Ruggles_became_a_southerner_by_marriage_to_a_Virginian._Making_a_career_in_the_military,_Ruggles_graduated_with_the_U.S._Military_Academy_Class_of_1833,_seeing_action_in_the_Seminole_War_in_1839-40._During_the_Mexican_War,_Ruggles_earned_brevets_to_major_and_lieutenant_colonel_for_bravery_at_Churubusco_and_Chapultepec._Siding_with_his_wifes_home_state_when_it_seceded_from_the_Union,_he_resigned_his_U.S._Army_commission_on_May_7,_1861,_and_commanded_Virginia_state_forces_on_the_Rappahannock_River_line_at_the_start_of_the_Civil_War._Ruggles_was_commissioned_a_brigadier_general_on_August_9,_1861,_and_sent_west._He_was_in_command_at_Corinth,_Mississippi,_and_helped_to_pass_along_troops_as_Gen._Albert_S._Johnston_prepared_his_army_for_the_attack_on_Gen._Ulysses_S._Grants_forces_that_became_the_Battle_of_Shiloh._During_this_battle_on_April_6-7,_which_turned_out_to_be_a_major_defeat_for_the_Confederacy,_Ruggles_led_the_1st_Division_in_Gen._Braxton_Braggs_corps._The_enemy_had_a_low_opinion_of_Ruggles_abilities:_If_Ruggles_is_in_command_at_Corinth,_now_is_the_time_to_attack,_Grant_was_quoted_as_saying._However,_Ruggles_turned_in_a_capable_performance_at_Shiloh,_helping_in_the_attack_at_the_very_beginning_of_the_battle_that_forced_Union_Gen._Benjamin_Prentiss_to_surrender_and_caused_his_division_to_suffer_steep_casualties._Following_Shiloh,_Ruggles_was_served_on_the_administrative_front:_he_was_in_charge_of_various_districts_and_departments_before_being_named_commissary_general_of_prisoners_on_March_30,_1865._Following_the_war,_he_resided_in_Fredericksburg_except_for_a_four-year_stint_managing_a_ranch_in_Texas,_and_also_served_on_the_West_Point_Board_of_Visitors_in_1884._Ruggles_died_in_Fredericksburg_on_June_1,_1897._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_mex___wp_
942	Rust,_A.	Gen942.pcx	2	28	0	216	2	9	1	5	7	4	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	20	14	0	0	0	nobio	_____
943	St_John,_I.M.	Gen943.pcx	2	98	0	216	0	9	1	3	5	1	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	8	15	1	0	0	nobio	__commissary_general___
944	Sanders,_J.C.	Gen944.pcx	2	80	0	216	1	9	1	4	7	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
945	Scales,_A.M.	Gen945.pcx	2	58	0	216	23	9	1	5	8	3	7	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
946	Scott,_T.M.	Gen946.pcx	2	80	0	216	12	9	1	5	8	1	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	16	18	0	0	0	nobio	_____
947	Scurry,_W.R.	Gen947.pcx	2	40	0	216	29	9	1	5	4	3	5	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._William_Read_Scurry_(b._1821,_d._1864)._Refusing_to_leave_the_battlefield_at_Jenkins_Ferry_proved_to_be_a_fatal_decision_for_Scurry,_since_he_bled_to_death_after_being_wounded_while_opposing_Union_Gen._Frederick_Steele_in_the_Trans-Mississippi_Theater._Subordinates_tried_to_evacuate_Scurry_to_the_rear,_where_it_is_thought_his_life_could_have_been_saved._Instead,_Scurry_died_at_the_command_of_his_troops._Born_in_Gallatin,_Tennessee,_on_Feb._10,_1821,_Scurry_moved_to_Texas_when_he_was_sixteen_years_old_and_settled_in_San_Augustine._He_enlisted_as_a_private_in_the_2nd_Texas_Mounted_Volunteers_at_the_start_of_the_Mexican_War._When_he_mustered_out_at_Monterrey,_he_held_the_rank_of_Major._Scurry_served_on_the_commission_that_was_responsible_for_fixing_the_Texas-New_Mexico_border_and_also_was_a_convention_member_for_the_secession_convention_of_1861._Entering_Confederate_service,_he_was_appointed_Lieutenant_Colonel_of_the_4th_Texas_Cavalry_and_served_under_Gen._Henry_H._Sibley_during_the_New_Mexico_Campaign,_seeing_action_at_both_Valverde_and_Glorieta_Pass._At_Glorieta_Pass,_Scurry_had_a_primary_role_in_directing_the_Confederates,_since_Sibley_reportedly_was_under_the_care_of_a_doctor_at_the_time._Scurry_was_promoted_to_Brigadier_General_to_rank_from_Sept._12,_1862._When_Gen._John_B._Magruder_recaptured_Galveston_on_Jan._1,_1863,_Scurry_was_in_command_of_the_Confederate_land_forces._In_1864,_he_was_a_brigade_commander_during_the_Red_River_Campaign_and_led_his_troops_at_Mansfield_and_Pleasant_Hill._It_was_just_after_Union_Gen._Nathaniel_P._Banks_was_repulsed_that_Scurrys_unit_was_turned_against_Gen._Steele_and_met_the_Union_troops_at_Jenkins_Ferry,_with_Scurry_himself_meeting_with_death_on_the_battlefield._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	cav_mex____
948	Sears,_C.W.	Gen948.pcx	2	76	0	216	18	9	1	4	5	3	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Claudius_Wistar_Sears_(b._1817,_d._1891)._Sears_enjoyed_a_long_career_in_education_that_was_interrupted_only_by_the_Civil_War._Born_in_Peru,_Massachusetts_on_Nov._8,_1817,_Sears_graduated_from_the_U.S._Military_Academy_at_West_Point,_but_resigned_from_the_army_a_year_after_his_1841_graduation_to_become_a_teacher._After_beginning_his_career_at_St._Thomass_Hall_in_Holly_Springs,_Mississippi,_from_1845_to_1859_Sears_was_a_professor_of_mathematics_at_the_University_of_Louisiana_(later_renamed_Tulane_University)_in_New_Orleans._Following_his_time_in_Louisiana,_and_having_followed_the_typical_storyline_of_a_northern-turned-Confederate_by_marrying_into_a_southern_family_from_Houston,_Sears_accepted_and_held_the_post_of_president_of_St._Thomass_Hall_until_the_outbreak_of_the_Civil_War._When_the_war_started,_Sears_enlisted_in_the_17th_Mississippi_Infantry_and_later_was_elected_captain_of_Company_G,_but_He_eventually_left_that_unit_to_help_form_the_46th_Mississippi_Infantry_and_become_commissioned_as_that_units_colonel._Sears_led_his_regiment_against_Gen._William_T._Sherman_at_Chickasaw_Bayou_and_was_at_Port_Gibson_in_May_1863,_and_was_among_those_captured_during_the_sack_of_Vicksburg._Sears_spent_several_months_as_a_prisoner_before_being_exchanged_early_in_1864._Promoted_to_Brigadier_General_to_rank_from_March_1,_1864,_Sears_was_assigned_to_the_Army_of_Tennessee_and_joined_his_new_command_in_Resaca,_Georgia,_that_May._Fighting_during_the_Atlanta_Campaign_until_sidelined_by_illness,_he_was_back_to_fight_with_Gen._Samuel_G._French_at_Allatoona_Pass_on_Oct._5._During_Gen._John_B._Hoods_Tennessee_Campaign,_Sears_was_observing_the_action_at_Nashville_when_his_horse_was_hit_by_a_shell._The_horse_was_killed_and_one_of_Sears_legs_also_was_taken_by_the_shell._Moved_to_the_rear,_Sears_was_left_to_be_captured_at_Pulaski._This_time,_he_was_not_paroled_until_June_23,_1865._With_the_war_over,_Sears_returned_to_the_academic_life,_becoming_chairman_of_the_mathematics_department_at_the_University_of_Mississippi_and_holding_that_post_until_1889._Sears_died_in_Oxford,_Mississippi_on_Feb._15,_1891._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	____wp_
949	Semmes,_P.J.	Gen949.pcx	2	28	0	216	6	9	1	4	4	4	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	13	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Paul_Jones_Semmes_(b._1815,_d._1863)._Mortally_wounded_during_Gen._James_Longstreets_attack_on_the_two_Round_Tops_during_the_Battle_of_Gettysburg,_Semmes_endured_a_long_ambulance_trip_before_succumbing_to_his_wounds_in_Martinsville,_West_Virginia,_on_July_10,_1863._Semmes,_born_at_Montfords_Plantation_in_Wilkes_County,_Georgia,_on_June_4,_1815,_was_educated_at_the_University_of_Virginia,_but_left_to_become_a_banker_and_planter_near_Columbus,_Georgia._He_also_became_interested_in_the_military,_serving_as_a_captain_in_the_Columbus_Guards_militia_unit_from_1846_to_1861._With_the_start_of_the_Civil_War,_Semmes_was_elected_captain_of_the_2nd_Georgia_Infantry_and_took_that_unit_to_Virginia._He_was_promoted_to_Brigadier_General_to_rank_from_March_11,_1862._Assigned_a_brigade_under_Gen._John_B._Magruders_command,_he_participated_in_the_defenses_of_Yorktown_and_Williamsburg_and_was_in_Magruders_Division_at_the_Battle_of_Seven_Pines._During_the_Seven_Days_Campaign,_his_unit_was_assigned_to_the_division_of_Gen._Lafayette_McLaws_under_Longstreets_Corps._Semmes_and_his_brigade_fought_at_South_Mountain_during_the_Maryland_Campaign,_defending_Cramptons_Gap,_and_later_had_a_role_at_the_Battle_of_Antietam._Subsequently_fighting_at_Maryes_Heights_and_Fredericksburg,_the_brigade_was_with_McLaws_at_the_Battle_of_Salem_Church_during_the_Chancellorsville_Campaign._The_brigade_was_under_Longstreets_command_at_Gettysburg,_when_on_July_2_Semmes_was_hit_in_the_thigh_during_a_charge_across_the_Wheatfield._He_was_brought_back_during_the_armys_retreat,_but_died_from_his_wounds_eight_days_later._Shortly_before_dying,_Semmes_is_reported_to_have_said,_I_consider_it_a_privilege_to_die_for_my_country._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_____
950	Sharp,_J.H.	Gen950.pcx	2	85	0	216	18	9	1	4	3	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	18	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Jacob_Hunter_Sharp_(b._1833,_d._1907)._Active_in_postwar_journalism_and_politics_in_Mississippi,_Sharp_became_a_brigadier_general_late_in_the_war_due_to_attrition_in_the_ranks_of_his_superiors._Sharp_was_born_in_Pickensville,_Alabama,_on_Feb._6,_1833._While_an_infant,_the_family_moved_to_Lowndes_County,_Mississippi._Sharp_attended_the_University_of_Alabama_in_1850-51._He_studied_law_and_was_admitted_to_the_bar,_starting_a_practice_in_Columbus,_Mississippi._In_1861,_he_enlisted_in_the_First_Battalion_Mississippi_Infantry_as_a_private._That_unit_later_became_part_of_the_44th_Mississippi._Sharp_was_elected_captain_and_fought_at_Shiloh,_in_Kentucky_during_the_Kentucky_Invasion,_and_at_Murfreesboro._Prior_to_the_Battle_of_Chickamauga,_Sharp_was_promoted_to_Colonel,_leading_the_44th_Mississippi_at_Chickamauga_and_Chattanooga._During_the_Atlanta_Campaign,_Sharp_received_his_promotion_to_Brigadier_General_on_July_26,_1864,_taking_the_place_of_the_wounded_Gen._William_F._Tucker._Sharp_led_the_brigade_during_Gen._John_B._Hoods_Tennessee_Campaign_and_survived_to_join_up_with_forces_in_the_Carolinas._He_fought_at_Bentonville,_but_there_is_no_record_of_his_parole._Following_the_war,_Sharp_bought_the_Columbus_Independent_and_became_president_of_the_Mississippi_Press_Association._Sharp_was_active_in_the_white_supremacy_movement_during_Reconstruction._He_served_in_the_Mississippi_legislature_from_1886-90_and_was,_for_a_time,_its_Speaker._Sharp_died_in_Columbus_on_Sept._15,_1907._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_____
952	Shelley,_C.M.	Gen952.pcx	2	89	0	216	1	9	1	4	4	3	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Charles_M._Shelley_(b._1833,_d._1907)._Tennessee-born_Charles_Miller_Shelley_made_his_Civil_War_career_serving_with_Alabama_troops._Born_in_Sullivan_County,_Tennessee,_on_Dec._28,_1833,_Shelley_moved_with_his_family_to_Talladega,_Alabama,_where_he_intended_to_follow_his_fathers_career_path_as_an_architect._As_war_broke_out,_he_became_a_Lieutenant_in_the_Talladega_Artillery,_spending_six_weeks_at_Fort_Morgan._When_his_company_was_reorganized_into_infantry_and_made_part_of_the_Fifth_Alabama_Infantry,_he_was_elected_Captain._Shelley_was_with_Fifth_Alabama_at_First_Manassas,_but_was_sent_back_to_Alabama,_where_he_recruited_the_30th_Alabama_Infantry_during_January_1862_and_was_commissioned_that_units_Colonel._The_30th_Alabama_fought_in_Gen._Braxton_Braggs_Kentucky_Invasion,_at_Port_Gibson_and_Vicksburg._Shelley_was_captured_at_the_fall_of_Vicksburg,_but_was_exchanged_and_joined_the_Army_of_Tennessee,_fighting_in_its_major_battles_from_Chattanooga_until_its_surrender._Shelley_earned_his_promotion_to_Brigadier_General_on_Sept._17,_1864._During_the_assault_on_the_Federal_works_at_Franklin,_Tennessee,_Shelleys_brigade_lost_432_killed_or_wounded_among_1100_present._Shelley_himself_was_unhurt,_but_had_a_horse_killed_under_him_and_his_uniform_was_holed._Following_the_war,_Shelley_lived_in_Alabama_and_was_elected_sheriff_of_Dallas_County_in_1874._He_was_a_four-team_member_of_the_U.S._House_of_Representatives_as_a_Democrat_from_Alabama,_and_later_was_appointed_the_fourth_auditor_of_the_Treasury_by_Pres._Grover_Cleveland._Shelleys_final_years_were_spent_promoting_the_industrial_interests_of_Birmingham._He_died_there_on_Jan._20,_1907._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	art_____
953	Shoup,_F.A.	Gen953.pcx	2	40	0	216	5	9	1	3	4	3	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Francis_Asbury_Shoup_(b._1834,_d._1896)._The_Hoosier-born_Shoup_did_not_live_long_in_the_south_before_the_Civil_War,_but_that_did_not_prevent_him_from_casting_his_lot_with_the_Confederacy._Shoup_was_born_March_22,_1834_in_Franklin_County,_Indiana._He_was_educated_at_Asbury_College_(now_De_Pauw_University)_and_the_U.S._Military_Academy,_graduating_from_West_Point_in_1855._He_served_in_the_army_until_he_resigned_in_1860_to_study_law,_subsequently_gaining_admission_to_the_Indianapolis_bar._He_then_moved_to_St._Augustine,_Florida,_where_he_continued_to_practice_law._With_little_to_bind_him_to_the_South,_he_still_decided_to_offer_his_services_to_the_Confederacy_and_was_appointed_lieutenant_of_artillery._In_October_1861,_he_was_promoted_to_Major._He_was_chief_of_artillery_at_the_Battle_of_Shiloh_to_Gen._William_J._Hardee._At_the_Battle_of_Prairie_Grove,_he_was_assistant_adjutant_general_to_Gen._Thomas_C._Hindman._Shoup_got_his_promotion_to_Brigadier_General_Sept._12,_1862._He_commanded_a_Louisiana_brigade_at_the_Battle_of_Vicksburg_and_was_captured_when_the_city_surrendered._Exchanged,_he_served_as_the_chief_of_artillery_for_Gen._Joseph_E._Johnston_during_the_Atlanta_Campaign._He_continued_in_the_same_role_when_Gen._John_B._Hood_superseded_Johnston._At_the_close_of_the_war,_Shoup_was_elected_to_the_chair_of_mathematics_at_the_University_of_Mississippi._In_1868,_he_took_Episcopal_orders_and_also_became_the_rector_of_St._Peters_Parish_in_Oxford,_Mississippi._In_1869,_he_went_to_Sewanee_as_professor_of_mathematics_and_chaplain._In_1875,_he_left_and_served_as_rector_of_many_churches_in_the_north_and_south._He_returned_to_Sewanee_in_1883,_serving_as_a_professor_of_mathematics,_physics_and_engineering_until_his_death,_Sept._4,_1896,_in_Columbia,_Tennessee._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	art____wp_
954	Sibley,_H.H.	Gen954.pcx	2	10	0	216	12	50	1	1	2	0	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Henry_Hopkins_Sibley_(b._1816,_d._1886)._Controversial_and_innovative_are_words_that_can_describe_Sibley_(not_to_be_confused_with_Union_Maj._Gen._Henry_Hastings_Sibley_of_Minnesota)._Born_in_Natchitoches,_Louisiana,_on_May_25,_1816,_Sibley_graduated_from_the_U.S._Military_Academy_in_1838_and_made_his_pre-Civil_War_career_in_the_U.S._Army._Sibley_gained_immediate_combat_experience_in_the_1838-39_Seminole_War_and_later_campaigned_in_Utah_against_the_Mormons._Brevetted_in_the_Mexican_War,_Sibley_left_a_lasting_impact_on_the_army_with_the_design_of_the_Sibley_Tent,_which_received_an_1856_patent._The_tent_could_accommodate_twenty_soldiers_and_their_personal_gear_and_could_be_used_with_a_stove_or_fire._Sibley_Tents_fell_out_of_favor_during_the_Civil_War,_but_remained_in_U.S._Army_use_(especially_on_the_plains)_into_the_1890s._Sibley_resigned_his_U.S._Army_commission_on_May_13,_1861,_the_same_day_he_was_promoted_to_Major,_First_U.S._Dragoons._Instead,_Sibley_was_commissioned_Colonel_in_the_Confederate_Army_three_days_later,_and_promoted_to_brigadier_general_on_June_17,_1861._His_first_command_was_designed_to_take_advantage_of_his_U.S._Army_experiences_and_he_was_detailed_to_secure_New_Mexico_for_the_Confederacy._However,_Sibley_had_one_major_weakness:_what_one_historian_has_termed_his_alleged_predilection_for_the_bottle._Indeed,_it_is_speculated_that_Sibley_turned_to_drink_as_an_escape_from_chronic_illness,_but_that_proved_to_be_incompatible_with_military_life,_and_his_career_suffered_as_a_result._Despite_early_victories,_Sibleys_Army_of_New_Mexico_could_not_subsist_after_the_Battle_of_Valverde_and_then_the_Battle_of_Glorieta_Pass_(known_to_some_as_the_Gettysburg_of_the_West),_especially_after_his_supply_train_and_ammunition_were_captured._Sibleys_force_retired_first_to_Fort_Bliss,_and_then_San_Antonio_in_May_1862._The_rest_of_Sibleys_career_in_the_Trans-Mississippi_theater_was_filled_with_problems._Assigned_to_minor_Louisiana_commands,_he_came_back_into_the_limelight_during_the_Bayou_Teche_Campaign._His_conduct_under_the_command_of_Gen._Richard_Taylor_was_riddled_with_problems._He_was_charged_with_disobeying_orders_and_unofficerlike_conduct_and_court-martialed,_along_with_Capt._Alexander_Grant_of_the_gunboat_Cotton,_when_it_was_alleged_that_Sibley_failed_to_follow_orders_to_deliver_an_attack_on_Union_forces_and_to_protect_a_steamboat_filled_with_wounded,_and_had_abandoned_his_post_at_the_head_of_the_retreating_columns._Sibley,_in_his_defense,_said_that_he_had_been_sick._The_tribunal_found_him_not_guilty_due_to_a_train_of_circumstances,_but_he_was_censured_for_a_lack_of_promptness_in_obeying_his_orders_to_attack._At_the_close_of_the_war,_Sibley_was_listed_by_Gen._Edmund_Kirby_Smith_as_having_no_command._From_1869-73,_he_served_as_a_general_of_artillery_in_the_Egyptian_Army._When_he_returned,_he_lectured_on_his_experiences._In_ill_health_during_the_final_years_of_his_life,_Sibley_died_in_Fredericksburg,_Virginia,_on_Aug._23,_1886._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_mex_cm_and_no_futher_command._Invented_tent__wp_
955	Simms,_J.P.	Gen955.pcx	2	94	0	216	6	9	1	4	5	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._James_Phillip_Simms_(b._1837,_d._1887)._A_long-serving_regimental_officer,_Simms_was_among_the_Brigadier_Generals_who_ascended_to_their_rank_late_in_the_war._Simms_was_born_Jan._16,_1837,_in_Covington,_Ga.,_and_was_practicing_law_there_when_the_Civil_War_began._He_first_joined_the_53rd_Georgia_Infantry,_although_his_date_of_enlistment_is_in_doubt._Records_first_mention_him_as_being_nominated_for_Major_on_Sept._24,_1862._His_unit_was_pressed_into_combat_during_the_Seven_Days_Campaign_under_Gen._John_B._Magruder._It_is_believed_that_Simms_was_with_his_unit_during_the_battles_of_Second_Manassas_and_Fredericksburg._The_53rd_Georgia_captured_the_colors_of_the_2nd_Rhode_Island_at_Salem_Church_in_May_of_1863._After_fighting_at_Gettysburg,_Simms_went_to_Georgia_with_Gen._James_Longstreets_command_for_the_Battle_of_Knoxville._Back_with_the_Army_of_Northern_Virginia,_Simms_served_with_his_troops_during_the_Overland_Campaign_and_went_to_the_Shenandoah_Valley_District_in_Kershaws_Division._After_Gen._Goode_Bryan_resigned_because_of_chronic_health_problems_in_September_1864,_Simms_took_charge_of_his_brigade._Simms_received_credit_for_his_role_at_Cedar_Creek._Wintering_in_Petersburg,_Simms_received_his_promotion_to_Brigadier_General_on_Dec._8,_1864._During_the_retreat_from_Richmond,_Simms_was_one_of_a_number_of_generals_captured_at_the_Battle_of_Saylers_Creek,_on_April_6,_1865._He_was_released_from_Fort_Warren_on_July_24,_1865,_and_returned_to_Covington,_Georgia._Simms_twice_served_in_the_Georgia_state_legislature_(1865-66_and_1877),_but_he_mostly_devoted_himself_to_his_law_practice_until_his_death_on_May_30,_1877._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_____
956	Slack,_W.Y.	Gen956.pcx	2	0	30	124	19	18	1	4	3	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	19	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._William_Yarnel_Slack_(b._1816,_d._1862)._It_is_highly_likely_that_Slack_never_knew_he_had_been_promoted_to_Brigadier_General_in_the_Confederate_Army._And_it_is_probable_that_the_high_command_in_Richmond_did_not_know_that_it_had_promoted_a_dead_man._Slack,_born_Aug._1,_1816_in_Mason_County,_Kentucky,_spent_most_of_his_life_in_Missouri,_beginning_when_he_moved_with_his_father_to_Columbia_at_the_age_of_three._The_younger_Slack_studied_in_there_and_settled_in_Chillicothe,_more_than_a_hundred_miles_away,_to_start_his_law_practice._Slack_joined_the_military_as_a_Captain_of_the_Second_Missouri_Volunteers_under_Col._(later_Gen.)_Sterling_Price_in_the_Mexican_War._He_returned_to_his_legal_practice_after_fourteen_months_of_service._In_1861,_Missouri_Gov._Claiborne_Jackson_appointed_Slack_to_become_a_Brigadier_General_in_the_Missouri_State_Guard._The_Guard_ended_up_joining_with_Confederate_forces_and_Slack_led_his_troops_at_Carthage_and_Wilsons_Creek._He_was_hit_in_the_hip_at_Wilsons_Creek,_but_recovered_in_time_to_rejoin_his_command_in_October_1861._Slack_was_hit_again_at_the_Battle_of_Elkhorn_Tavern_(Pea_Ridge),_with_the_ball_striking_him_only_an_inch_from_his_old_wound._Slacks_medical_prognosis_was_good_until_he_had_to_be_moved_out_of_fear_of_his_being_captured._After_a_seven-mile_move_to_Moores_Mill,_Slack_took_a_turn_for_the_worse_and_died_on_March_21,_1862._He_received_his_promotion_to_Brigadier_General_in_the_Confederate_Army,_effective_April_12,_after_his_death._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_mex_promoted_posthumously___
957	Slaughter,_J.E.	Gen957.pcx	2	28	0	216	29	9	1	3	3	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._James_Edwin_Slaughter_(b._1827,_d._1901)._Commander_of_the_last_engagement_between_Confederate_and_Federal_troops_near_Brownsville,_Slaughter_made_the_most_of_his_field_command._A_great-nephew_of_Pres._James_Madison,_Slaughter_was_born_in_June_1827_on_the_family_estate__a_site_that_later_was_at_the_center_of_the_Cedar_(Slaughters)_Mountain_battlefield._While_attending_Virginia_Military_Institute,_Slaughter_withdrew_to_accept_a_U.S._Army_commission_at_the_outbreak_of_the_Mexican_War._He_stayed_in_the_army_and_was_a_1st_Lieutenant_in_the_First_Artillery_when_he_was_dismissed_May_14,_1861._Joining_up_with_the_Confederate_army,_Slaughter_was_commissioned_a_Captain_of_Artillery_and_served_on_the_staff_of_Gen._Braxton_Bragg_at_Pensacola._He_was_promoted_to_Major_in_November_1861_and_appointed_Brigadier_General_in_the_Provisional_Confederate_Army_on_March_8,_1862._Slaughter_served_as_an_assistant_inspector_general_on_the_staff_of_Gen._Albert_S._Johnston_and_was_present_at_Shiloh_when_his_commander_was_killed._He_remained_on_staffs_of_Johnstons_successors,_Gen._P.G.T._Beauregard_and_Bragg,_for_the_Kentucky_Campaign._Slaughters_first_line_command_was_at_Mobile._He_was_then_transferred_in_April_1863_to_Galveston,_Texas,_where_he_served_as_chief_of_artillery._Joining_the_staff_of_Gen._John_B._Magruder,_Slaughter_later_became_his_chief_of_staff._His_major_battlefield_command_came_in_the_final_engagement_of_the_war,_near_Brownsville,_Texas_on_May_12,_1865._Following_the_war,_Slaughter_lived_several_years_in_Mexico_before_returning_to_Mobile_as_a_civil_engineer_and,_for_a_time,_the_postmaster._He_lived_the_final_years_of_his_life_in_New_Orleans,_but_died_during_a_trip_to_Mexico_City_on_Jan._1,_1901._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	art_mex____
958	Smith,_E.K.	Gen958.pcx	2	0	0	77	5	200	1	6	4	5	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	9	17	-1	0	0	Gen._Edmund_Kirby_Smith_(b._1824,_d._1893)._The_last_of_the_Confederacys_full_generals_at_the_time_of_his_death,_Smith_saw_action_on_a_variety_of_fronts_during_the_Civil_War._Born_in_St._Augustine,_Florida,_on_May_16,_1824,_this_son_of_New_England-born_parents_received_early_schooling_at_Hallowells_Preparatory_School_in_Alexandria,_Virginia._Smith_graduated_with_the_Class_of_1845_and_joined_the_infantry_as_a_2nd_Lieutenant._Fighting_in_the_Mexican_War,_he_won_brevets_to_1st_Lieutenant_and_Captain_for_his_conduct_at_Cerro_Gordo_and_Contreras._Following_the_war,_he_returned_to_West_Point_as_an_assistant_professor_of_mathematics._Smith_later_rotated_to_the_Texas_frontier,_where_the_U.S._Army_was_fighting_Indians._When_the_Civil_War_broke_out,_Smith_was_a_Major_in_the_Second_Cavalry_at_Fort_Colorado,_Texas,_and_in_this_capacity_refused_to_surrender_the_fort_to_the_Texas_militia_under_Col._Benjamin_McCulloch__whose_side_he_would_soon_join._After_his_native_Florida_had_seceded,_Smith_resigned_his_Federal_commission_on_April_6,_1861_and_entered_service_to_the_Confederacy._Starting_as_a_Lieutenant_Colonel_of_cavalry,_he_served_as_chief_of_staff_for_Gen._Joseph_E._Johnston_in_the_Shenandoah._As_post_commander_of_Lynchburg,_he_helped_to_welcome_many_units_into_Confederate_service._He_was_commissioned_Brigadier_General_in_the_Provisional_Army_on_June_17,_1861,_and_given_command_of_the_Fourth_Brigade,_Army_of_the_Shenandoah._Seriously_wounded_at_First_Manassas,_Smith_earned_promotion_to_Major_General_on_Oct._11,_1861,_and_returned_to_service_in_the_role_of_a_division_commander,_soon_taking_up_command_of_the_District_of_East_Tennessee._Under_Gen._Braxton_Bragg,_Smith_commanded_forces_in_the_ultimately_unsuccessful_Invasion_of_Kentucky_and_won_a_decisive_victory_at_Richmond,_Kentucky_on_Aug._30,_1862,_which_earned_him_a_promotion_to_Lieutenant_General_on_Oct._9,_1862._In_January,_Smith_was_sent_to_the_Trans-Mississippi_Department_and_fought_for_most_of_the_war_in_this_command._Cut_off_from_Confederate_governmental_support_after_the_fall_of_Vicksburg_and_Port_Hudson__which_was_partly_blamed_on_Smiths_failure_to_aid_the_Vicksburg_garrison__Smith_had_to_worry_about_obtaining_supplies_for_his_troops,_destroying_cotton_to_prevent_its_capture,_and_blockade_running,_and_also_made_his_own_promotions_to_general_rank_(only_some_of_which_were_approved_by_the_Confederate_government)._Smiths_broad_administrative_responsibilities_and_his_large_degree_of_autonomy_over_the_expanse_of_territory_that_came_to_be_called_Kirby_Smithdom_were_unparalleled_during_the_Civil_War,_and_led_to_sore_feelings_among_some_of_his_peers._Smith_received_his_promotion_to_permanent_general_in_the_Provisional_Army_on_Feb._19,_1864._In_the_spring_of_that_year,_his_command_repulsed_the_Red_River_expedition_of_Union_Gen._Nathaniel_P._Banks_and_then_sent_units_to_defeat_Gen._Frederick_Steeles_cavalry_in_Arkansas,_but_his_subordinate,_Gen._Richard_Taylor,_and_others_believed_that_Smiths_strategy_deprived_the_South_of_a_greater_victory._His_attempts_to_send_reinforcements_east_of_the_Mississippi_River_were_futile,_as_the_Union_controlled_that_vital_artery._Smiths_last_major_order_dispatched_Gen._Sterling_Price_and_all_of_the_Confederate_cavalry_into_Missouri._The_final_actions_in_the_theater_consisted_of_raids_and_guerilla_activity._Smith_was_one_of_the_last_Confederate_generals_in_the_field,_finally_surrendering_to_Gen._Edward_R.S._Canby_on_May_26,_1865._Following_the_war,_Smith_was_the_president_of_the_Pacific_and_Atlantic_Telegraph_Company_for_two_years._He_also_served_as_the_president_of_Western_Military_Academy_in_Nashville_and_later_the_chancellor_of_the_University_of_Nashville._From_1875_until_his_death,_Smith_was_a_professor_of_mathematics_at_the_University_of_the_South,_in_Sewanee,_Tennessee,_where_he_died_on_March_28,_1893._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_mex___wp_
959	Smith,_G.W.	Gen959.pcx	2	16	0	216	6	9	1	6	7	3	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	-1	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___wp_
960	Smith,_J.A.	Gen960.pcx	2	64	0	216	28	9	1	4	6	3	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
961	Smith,_M.L.	Gen961.pcx	2	30	0	216	12	9	1	5	8	5	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	24	7	0	0	0	nobio	__engineer__wp_
962	Smith,_P.	Gen962.pcx	2	43	65	216	28	9	1	3	3	4	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Preston_Smith_(b._1823,_d._1863)._Smith_was_a_victim_of_being_at_the_wrong_place_at_the_wrong_time._Trying_to_coordinate_a_night_attack_during_the_middle_of_the_Battle_of_Chickamauga,_Smith_and_his_aide_were_hit_by_a_volley_when_they_rode_too_close_to_the_enemys_lines._Smiths_aide_was_killed_immediately,_while_Smith_lingered_for_an_hour_before_dying,_ending_a_lengthy_Confederate_career._Smith_was_born_in_Giles_County,_Tennessee,_on_December_25,_1823._Receiving_higher_education_at_Jackson_College_in_Columbia,_Tennessee,_he_worked_as_a_lawyer_in_Waynesboro_and_Memphis_before_the_war._In_1861,_Smith_was_commissioned_as_the_colonel_of_the_154th_Tennessee_Infantry,_a_militia_regiment_mustered_into_state_forces._Severely_wounded_at_Shiloh_in_April_1862,_he_served_on_the_staffs_of_Gen._Patrick_R._Cleburne_and_later_Gen._Kirby_Smith_during_the_Confederate_armys_Kentucky_Invasion_later_that_year._When_Cleburne_was_wounded_at_Richmond,_Kentucky,_on_August_29,_Smith_took_charge_of_his_division._He_earned_his_promotion_to_brigadier_general_two_months_later,_on_October_27._At_Chickamauga,_Smith_commanded_a_Tennessee_brigade_in_Gen._Benjamin_F._Cheathams_division_of_Gen._Leonidas_Polks_Corps,_which_was_intended_to_be_the_right_wing_of_the_attack._Smith_did_not_survive_to_enjoy_his_sides_victory_at_Chickamauga_(or_to_grouse_about_the_missed_opportunities_in_its_aftermath)._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_____
963	Smith,_T.B.	Gen963.pcx	2	85	95	216	28	9	1	5	3	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	20	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Thomas_Benton_Smith_(b._1838,_d._1923)._The_Civil_War_was_long_over_when_Smith_passed_away_in_the_Tennessee_State_Asylum_in_Nashville._Smith_spent_the_final_forty-seven_years_of_his_life_in_this_institution_following_a_severe_wound_received_after_he_was_taken_as_a_prisoner_of_war_at_the_Battle_of_Nashville._Smith_was_born_in_Mechanicsville,_Tennessee,_on_February_24,_1838._He_was_schooled_at_the_Nashville_Military_Institute_and_worked_in_the_shops_of_the_Nashville_&_Decatur_Railroad._At_the_outbreak_of_the_Civil_War,_Smith_was_elected_2nd_lieutenant_of_Company_B,_20th_Tennessee_Infantry._Fighting_at_Mill_Springs_(Fishing_Creek)_and_Shiloh_in_early_1862,_Smith_was_elected_the_regiments_colonel_when_it_was_reorganized_in_May._He_was_severely_wounded_in_the_Battle_of_Murfreesboro,_a_three-day_engagement_on_December_31,_1862-January_2,_1863_that_was_among_the_wars_bloodiest,_while_fighting_in_Gen._William_J._Hardees_II_Corps,_but_was_back_on_active_duty_for_battles_at_Baton_Rouge_and_Chickamauga_and_during_the_Atlanta_Campaign_of_1864,_during_which_he_received_his_promotion_to_brigadier_general_on_July_29._While_he_was_leading_a_brigade_in_Gen._William_B._Bates_division_at_the_Battle_of_Nashville_on_December_15-16,_1864,_Smith_and_most_of_his_command_were_captured_following_a_fierce_fight._While_being_escorted_to_the_enemys_rear,_Smith_was_repeatedly_struck_over_the_head_with_a_sword_by_Col._William_Linn_McMillen_of_the_95th_Ohio_Infantry,_a_unit_reported_to_have_suffered_many_casualties_during_Smiths_final_stand._Taken_to_a_Union_field_hospital,_it_was_discovered_that_Smiths_brain_was_exposed_and_consequently_he_was_not_expected_to_live._However,_Smith_recovered_to_some_extent._Following_the_war,_he_worked_for_various_railroads_as_a_brakeman_and_conductor._In_1870,_he_unsuccessfully_ran_for_Congress._Smith_was_admitted_to_the_state_asylum_in_1876_and_remained_there_until_his_death_on_May_21,_1923._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	____nashville_military_institute_
964	Smith,_W.	Gen964.pcx	2	48	0	216	31	9	1	5	3	4	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
965	Smith,_W.D.	Gen965.pcx	2	28	0	216	6	9	1	3	4	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._William_Duncan_Smith_(b._1825,_d._1862)._Neither_bullet_nor_sword_nor_cannonball_struck_down_Smith:_instead,_the_instrument_of_death_was_a_mosquito._Smith_died_of_yellow_fever_when_his_army_star_was_at_its_zenith._Born_in_Augusta,_Georgia,_on_July_28,_1825,_Smith_attended_the_U.S._Military_Academy_at_West_Point,_graduating_in_1846._After_graduating_he_was_right_in_the_middle_of_the_Mexican-American_War,_being_severely_wounded_at_the_Battle_of_Molino_Del_Rey._From_1859_to_1861,_Smith_was_on_a_leave_of_absence_in_Europe._On_January_28,_1861,_he_resigned_his_captains_commission_in_the_Second_Dragoons_to_enter_the_Confederate_Army._Smith_was_commissioned_Colonel_of_the_20th_Georgia_Infantry_on_July_14,_1861,_and_earned_promotion_to_brigadier_general_March_7,_1862,_gaining_transfer_to_the_command_of_Gen._John_C._Pemberton_in_the_Department_of_South_Carolina_and_Georgia._He_was_given_command_of_the_District_of_South_Carolina_and_established_his_headquarters_in_Charleston._When_Union_Gen._David_Hunter_tried_to_place_forces_on_James_Island,_near_Charleston,_Smith_commanded_one_wing_of_the_Confederate_forces_led_by_Gen._Nathan_G._Shanks_Evans._The_ensuing_fight,_the_Battle_of_Secessionville,_ended_in_a_complete_Confederate_victory,_and_saved_Charleston._Smith,_who_earned_praise_for_both_his_ability_behind_a_desk_and_in_the_field,_was_pushed_for_higher_command_by_South_Carolina_Congressman_William_P._Miles_(who_also_helped_to_design_the_Confederate_Battle_Flag)._Miles_urged_the_appointment_of_Smith_to_supersede_Pemberton._But_before_this_could_happen,_Smith_contracted_yellow_fever_and_died_in_Charleston,_Oct._4,_1862._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_____
966	Sorrell,_G.M.	Gen966.pcx	2	90	0	216	6	9	1	5	6	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
967	Stafford,_L.A.	Gen967.pcx	2	66	0	216	12	9	1	4	6	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
968	Starke,_P.B.	Gen968.pcx	2	92	0	216	18	9	1	3	7	1	4	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav_____
969	Starke,_W.E.	Gen969.pcx	2	38	0	216	12	9	1	4	6	4	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
970	Steele,_W.	Gen970.pcx	2	40	0	216	29	9	1	2	8	4	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav____wp_
971	Steuart,_G.H.	Gen971.pcx	2	28	0	216	14	9	1	4	7	3	5	5	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav____wp_
972	Stevens,_C.H.	Gen972.pcx	2	72	0	216	27	9	1	5	7	4	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	15	0	0	0	nobio	_____
973	Stevens,_W.H.	Gen973.pcx	2	86	0	216	12	9	1	4	6	1	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	nobio	__engineer__wp_
974	Stevenson,_C.L.	Gen974.pcx	2	26	0	216	31	9	1	4	6	2	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex___wp_
975	Stewart,_A.P.	Gen975.pcx	2	20	0	216	28	9	1	7	7	3	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	4	10	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
976	Stovall,_M.A.	Gen976.pcx	2	48	0	216	6	9	1	4	7	4	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	art____wp_
977	Strahl,_O.F.	Gen977.pcx	2	60	0	216	28	9	1	5	7	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	18	0	0	0	nobio	_____
979	Taliaferro,_W.B.	Gen979.pcx	2	30	0	216	31	9	1	4	4	4	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	0	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._William_Booth_Taliaferro_(b._1822,_d._1898)._Taliaferro_(pronounced_Taliver)_was_born_on_December_28,_1822,_and_was_schooled_at_the_College_of_William_and_Mary_and_Harvard_before_being_commissioned_into_the_U.S._Army_for_the_Mexican_War_and_subsequently_mustered_out_as_a_major._He_practiced_law_and_became_prominent_in_Virginia_politics_in_the_post-war_years,_and_his_military_experience_led_to_his_appointment_as_a_state_militia_officer._It_was_in_this_capacity_that_he_commanded_state_forces_at_the_time_of_John_Browns_1859_raid_on_Harpers_Ferry._When_Virginia_seceded_in_April_1861,_Taliaferro_was_promoted_to_major_general_of_Virginias_militia,_and_when_his_state_became_part_of_the_Confederacy_he_became_Colonel_of_the_23rd_Virginia_Infantry_Regiment._That_summer,_Taliaferro_and_his_regiment_were_serving_in_western_Virginia_under_Brig._Gen._Robert_S._Garnett,_who_was_killed_in_Taliaferros_presence_at_Carricks_Ford._He_soon_was_serving_as_a_brigade_commander_under_Gen._Stonewall_Jackson_during_the_Valley_Campaign_of_spring,_1862,_just_before_which_Taliaferro_had_been_promoted_to_major_general._Taliaferro_was_in_temporary_command_of_Jacksons_old_division_at_the_Battle_of_Cedar_Mountain_on_August_9_and_so_impressed_Jackson_that_he_was_given_permanent_command_of_the_division._Less_than_three_weeks_later,_however,_he_was_seriously_wounded_at_the_Battle_of_Groveton_on_August_28,_sustaining_injuries_to_his_neck,_foot_and_arm,_which_forced_him_not_only_to_miss_the_Battle_of_Second_Bull_Run_the_next_day,_but_also_three_more_months_of_action._Taliaferro_finally_recovered_in_time_to_command_his_division_at_the_Battle_of_Fredericksburg_that_December,_at_which_he_repelled_an_attack_by_Gen._George_G._Meades_division._This_was_to_be_his_last_battle_serving_under_Jackson:_he_was_soon_transferred_to_commands_in_South_Carolina,_Georgia_and_Florida,_most_notably_commanding_Confederate_troops_during_the_Battle_of_Fort_Wagner_the_following_July_(for_which_he_received_a_commendation_from_his_superior,_Gen._P.G.T._Beauregard)._But_as_Gen._William_T._Sherman_approached_Savannah_in_December_1864,_Taliafferos_role_switched_from_coastal_defense_to_overseeing_the_evacuation_of_Confederate_forces_from_that_city_and_other_points_in_Shermans_path_and_joining_them_to_Gen._Joseph_E._Johnstons_army._Taliaferro_fought_with_Johnston_at_the_Battle_of_Bentonville_on_March_19-21,_and_surrendered_with_him_a_month_later._After_the_war,_Taliaferro_returned_to_his_law_practice_and_served_in_local_political_offices_and_died_on_February_27,_1898._(Bio_by_Neal_West)	_mex____
980	Tappan,_J.C.	Gen980.pcx	2	44	0	216	2	9	1	3	4	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	Brig_Gen._James_Camp_Tappan_(b._1825,_d._1906)._Fighting_in_the_western_theaters,_Tappan_saw_action_from_the_Battle_of_Belmont_through_Prices_Missouri_Raid._Tappan_was_born_in_Franklin,_Tennessee_on_September_9,_1825._His_parents_were_from_Massachusetts_and_this_contributed_to_where_he_was_educated:_he_went_to_New_Hampshires_Exeter_Academy_and_later_studied_at_Yale,_from_which_he_graduated_in_1845._Following_graduation,_he_moved_to_Vicksburg,_Mississippi,_studied_law_and_was_admitted_to_the_bar_in_1846._Having_moved_to_Helena,_Arkansas,_he_served_two_terms_in_the_state_legislature,_becoming_the_speaker_in_his_second_term,_and_also_served_as_a_circuit_court_judge._At_the_outbreak_of_the_Civil_War,_Tappan_offered_his_services_to_the_Confederacy_and_was_commissioned_Colonel_of_the_13th_Arkansas_Infantry_in_May_1861._He_was_commended_by_Gen._Leonidas_Polk_for_his_conduct_at_the_Battle_of_Belmont,_Gen._Ulysses_S._Grants_failed_attempt_to_seize_the_Confederate_fortifications_at_Columbus,_Kentucky_and_garrison_in_Belmont,_Missouri_on_November_6,_1861._At_the_Battle_of_Shiloh_on_April_6,_1862,_Tappans_regiment_was_heavily_involved_in_the_bitter_fighting_at_the_Hornets_Nest._Tappans_troops_later_marched_with_Gen._Braxton_Bragg_on_his_Kentucky_invasion,_fighting_at_Richmond_and_Perryville._Promoted_to_brigadier_general_to_rank_from_November_5,_1862,_Tappan_was_transferred_to_the_Trans-Mississippi_Department._Beginning_in_1863,_he_commanded_a_brigade_under_Gen._Sterling_Price,_and_the_following_April_received_accolades_for_his_brigades_performance_at_Pleasant_Hill_during_Gen._Nathaniel_P._Bankss_1864_Red_River_Campaign_in_Louisiana._His_brigade_was_part_of_Gen._Thomas_J._Churchills_division,_which_was_then_sent_to_Arkansas_as_part_of_the_successful_opposition_to_Union_Gen._Frederick_Steeles_Camden_Expedition._As_part_of_this_effort,_on_April_30_Tappans_brigade_participated_in_the_Battle_of_Jenkins_Ferry,_a_victory_for_the_Union_that_nevertheless_marked_the_end_of_Steeles_nearly_disastrous_attempt_to_join_forces_with_Banks_in_Louisiana._That_autumn,_Tappan_took_part_in_Prices_raid_through_Missouri,_which_turned_out_to_be_the_last_significant_military_effort_by_the_Confederates_west_of_the_Mississippi_River._Following_the_war,_Tappan_returned_to_Helena,_resumed_his_law_practice_and_again_served_in_the_state_legislature._He_twice_turned_down_the_Democratic_nomination_for_governor._Tappan_was_the_dean_of_the_Arkansas_bar_at_the_time_of_his_death_on_March_16,_1906._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_____
981	Taylor,_R.	Gen981.pcx	2	18	0	216	12	9	1	4	5	1	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	8	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
982	Taylor,_T.H.	Gen982.pcx	2	44	0	216	11	9	1	7	4	4	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_mex____
983	Terrill,_J.B.	Gen983.pcx	2	83	0	216	31	9	1	5	3	3	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
984	Terry,_W.	Gen984.pcx	2	80	0	216	31	9	1	5	6	4	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
985	Terry,_W.R.	Gen985.pcx	2	80	0	216	31	9	1	4	6	4	4	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	____vmi_
986	Thomas,_A.	Gen986.pcx	2	74	0	216	12	9	1	2	2	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Allen_Thomas_(b._1830,_d._1907)._A_lawyer_before_the_war,_Thomas_was_a_self-taught_military_man_who_spent_much_of_his_service_time_under_the_command_of_his_brother-in-law,_Gen._Richard_Taylor._Born_in_Howard_County,_Maryland,_on_December_14,_1830,_Thomas_graduated_from_Princeton_in_1850._Having_studied_law_there,_he_was_admitted_to_the_bar_and_practiced_in_his_native_county_until_he_married_and_moved_to_Louisiana._In_his_new_home,_he_became_a_planter_until_the_outbreak_of_hostilities._As_a_prominent_member_of_the_community,_Thomas_organized_an_infantry_battalion,_which_became_part_of_the_29th_Louisiana_Infantry_Regiment._He_was_appointed_colonel_to_rank_from_May_3,_1862,_and_fought_in_the_Vicksburg_Campaign_of_1862-1863._His_most_notable_engagement_was_at_Chickasaw_Bluffs,_on_December_29,_1862._Thomas_was_captured_after_the_close_of_the_Vicksburg_siege_on_July_4,_1863._Having_been_paroled,_he_carried_the_report_of_Gen._John_C._Pemberton,_who_had_commanded_the_Vicksburg_garrison,_to_Richmond;_then,_sent_back_west,_Thomas_was_tasked_with_collecting_and_organizing_paroled_prisoners_west_of_the_Mississippi._He_received_his_promotion_to_brigadier_general_on_February_4,_1864,_and_was_assigned_to_Taylors_Army_of_Western_Louisiana_and_put_in_charge_of_five_Louisiana_regiments_and_one_battalion._Thomas_rose_to_division_command_when_Gen._Camille_de_Polignac_went_to_Europe,_but_was_not_promoted_in_rank._Following_the_war,_Thomas_was_a_planter,_presidential_elector,_professor_at_Louisiana_State_University,_member_of_the_board_of_supervisors_at_LSU,_coiner_of_the_New_Orleans_branch_mint_and_U.S._consul_and_minister_to_Venezuela._In_addition,_he_turned_down_a_congressional_nomination_in_1876._Thomas_lived_in_Florida_from_1899_to_1907,_but_moved_to_Waveland,_Mississippi,_taking_up_residence_in_a_plantation_he_had_bought,_where_he_died_on_December_3,_1907._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_____
987	Thomas,_B.M.	Gen987.pcx	2	86	0	216	1	9	1	3	3	1	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Bryan_Morel_Thomas_(b._1836,_d._1905)._Infantry,_cavalry_and_artillery__Thomas_commanded_them_all_during_the_Civil_War,_including_a_stretch_in_which_he_commanded_all_three_branches_at_one_time_in_one_unit._Thomas_was_born_near_Milledgeville,_Georgia,_on_May_8,_1836._After_starting_his_higher_education_at_Oglethorpe_University,_he_entered_the_U.S._Military_Academy_at_West_Point_in_1854._Following_graduation,_he_was_commissioned_into_the_8th_Infantry_and_later_he_served_in_the_5th_Infantry._Thomas_resigned_his_commission_in_the_U.S._Army_on_April_6,_1861,_and_was_appointed_a_lieutenant_in_the_Regular_Confederate_army._At_the_Battle_of_Shiloh_the_following_April,_he_served_on_the_staff_of_Gen._Jones_M._Withers_in_the_role_of_chief_of_ordnance_and_artillery._Thomas_stayed_on_Withers_staff_through_the_Kentucky_Campaign_and_Battle_of_Murfreesboro_on_December_31,_1862-January_2,_1863._Gen._Leonidas_Polk_later_recommended_him_for_promotion_to_colonel_and_he_was_placed_in_charge_of_a_regiment_of_reserve_cavalry,_the_12_Mississippi_Cavalry,_in_the_brigade_of_Gen._James_H._Clanton_in_Alabama._Thomas_received_his_promotion_to_brigadier_general_on_August_4,_1864,_and_he_was_put_in_charge_of_a_mixed_brigade_of_Alabama_infantry,_cavalry_and_artillery_in_Mobile._He_was_captured_at_Fort_Blakely_on_April_9,_1865_(the_same_day_that_the_Army_of_Northern_Virginia_surrendered_at_Appomattox_Court_House)._Following_his_release,_he_married_Mary_Jones_Withers,_the_daughter_of_his_former_commander,_and_became_a_planter_in_Dooly_and_Whitfield_Counties_in_George,_and_served_for_a_time_as_a_deputy_U.S._Marshal._In_addition,_in_1884_he_founded_a_private_school,_and_from_1891_until_his_death_on_July_16,_1905,_Thomas_served_as_superintendent_of_public_schools_in_Dalton,_Georgia._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	cav____wp_
988	Thomas,_E.L.	Gen988.pcx	2	44	0	216	6	9	1	3	2	1	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Edward_Lloyd_Thomas_(b._1825_d._1898)._Thomas,_a_plantation_owner,_twice_served_his_countrys_military._Born_March_23,_1825_in_Clarke_County,_Georgia,_he_received_his_education_from_Emory_College,_graduating_in_1846._Thomas_served_the_U.S._Army_as_a_2nd_lieutenant_of_Georgia_mounted_volunteers_in_the_Newton_County_Independent_Horse_during_the_Mexican_War._He_was_offered_an_army_commission_following_the_war,_but_declined_it_and_returned_to_his_plantation._Thomass_second_military_service_started_with_his_appointment_as_Colonel_of_the_35th_Georgia_Infantry_on_October_15,_1861,_a_regiment_he_had_been_authorized_to_recruit_by_Pres._Jefferson_Davis._He_fought_with_the_35th_Georgia_at_Seven_Pines_and_during_the_Seven_Days_Campaign_of_June_25-July_1,_1862,_being_wounded_in_the_Battle_of_Mechanicsville._Thomas,_who_served_with_the_Army_of_Northern_Virginia_in_just_about_every_major_engagement_until_the_end_of_the_war,_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general_on_November_1,_1862,_moving_up_in_the_wake_of_the_Battle_of_Antietam._(He_had_missed_that_bloody_battle_while_paroling_prisoners_in_Harpers_Ferry.)_After_the_Battle_of_Gettysburg_in_July_1863_and_the_mortal_wounding_of_his_superior_officer,_Gen._William_D._Pender,_Thomas_was_one_of_the_frontrunners_to_command_Penders_division,_but_state_politics_prevented_that_from_happening,_since_the_division_contained_two_North_Carolina_brigades_and_one_from_South_Carolina,_and_Gen._Robert_E._Lee_felt_that_dissatisfaction_might_be_caused_by_placing_a_Georgian_in_command._Thomas_was_still_leading_troops_as_a_brigadier_when_the_Army_of_Northern_Virginia_surrendered_at_Appomattox_Court_House_in_April_1865._Following_the_war,_he_returned_home_to_his_plantation,_until_he_was_appointed_to_an_office_in_the_Land_Department_by_Pres._Grover_Cleveland_in_1885._Thomas_later_moved_over_to_the_Indian_Bureau_and_died_in_South_McAlester,_Indian_Territory_(now_Oklahoma),_on_March_8,_1898,_and_was_buried_in_Kiowa,_Oklahoma._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_mex____
989	Tilghman,_L.	Gen989.pcx	2	18	0	216	14	9	1	6	6	3	5	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	11	8	0	0	0	nobio	____wp_
990	Toombs,_R.A.	Gen990.pcx	2	12	0	216	6	9	1	3	7	5	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	17	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
991	Toon,_T.F.	Gen991.pcx	2	81	0	216	23	9	1	4	3	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Thomas_Fentress_Toon_(b._1840_d._1902)._Born_in_Columbus_County,_N.C.,_Toon_was_a_senior_at_Wake_Forest_College_when_he_joined_the_Columbus_Guards_No._2,_a_company_which_became_part_of_the_20th_North_Carolina_Infantry,_led_by_Col._Alfred_Iverson,_Jr.,_on_May_20,_1861._After_graduation_in_June_1861,_he_was_elected_lieutenant_of_his_company,_and_in_the_following_month_he_became_captain._Toon_was_wounded_seven_times_during_the_Civil_War,_fighting_with_conspicuous_gallantry_during_the_spring_1862_Peninsular_Campaign_at_Seven_Pines_and_in_the_Seven_Days_Battles,_and_later_that_year_at_South_Mountain_and_Fredericksburg._Another_milestone_in_his_career_came_on_February_26,_1863,_when_he_was_elected_colonel_of_the_20th_North_Carolina_after_his_seniors_waived_their_rights_to_promotion._Toon_led_his_regiment_during_Gen._Stonewall_Jacksons_famous_flank_attack_at_Chancellorsville_on_May_2._Two_months_later,_his_men_fought_and_suffered_horribly_at_Gettysburg,_leading_one_officer_to_summarize_the_units_history_thusly:_Initiated_at_Seven_Pines,_sacrificed_at_Gettysburg,_surrendered_at_Appomattox._At_the_very_end_of_the_campaigning_season_that_fall,_Toons_regiment_had_been_present_for_the_relatively_bloodless_Mine_Run_Campaign,_while_the_following_spring_saw_them_engaged_at_the_very_bloody_Battles_of_the_Wilderness_and_Spotsylvania._When_Gen._R.D._Johnston_was_wounded_at_Spotsylvania,_Toon_was_promoted_to_brigadier_general,_to_date_from_May_31,_1864._He_commanded_his_brigade_during_Gen._Jubal_Earlys_Shenandoah_Valley_Campaign_and_subsequent_failed_advance_on_Washington,_D.C._that_summer,_seeing_action_at_the_Battle_of_Monocacy_on_July_9._When_Johnston_returned_to_duty,_Toon_reverted_to_colonel._He_served_in_that_capacity_during_the_remainder_of_Earlys_campaign_and_subsequent_Siege_of_Petersburg._On_March_25,_1865,_Toon_was_wounded_for_the_last_time_during_the_assault_on_Fort_Stedman,_a_failed_attempt_by_the_besieged_Confederates_to_break_out_of_Petersburg._This_wound_knocked_him_out_of_the_war,_which_was_to_last_two_more_weeks._He_returned_home_to_Columbus_County,_moving_to_nearby_Robeson_County_in_1891_and_later_being_elected_state_superintendent_of_public_instruction_around_the_turn_of_the_century._Toon_died_in_Raleigh,_North_Carolina_on_February_19,_1902._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_____
992	Tracy,_E.D.	Gen992.pcx	2	39	56	216	1	9	1	3	3	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Edward_Dorr_Tracy_(b._1833_d._1863)._Tracy_saw_quite_a_bit_of_war_during_his_twenty-nine_years_of_life._Born_in_Macon,_Georgia,_on_November_5,_1833,_Tracy_studied_to_be_a_lawyer_and_was_engaged_in_this_line_of_work_in_Huntsville,_Alabama._Getting_involved_in_politics_during_the_1860_elections,_he_stumped_through_northern_Alabama_for_John_C._Breckinridge_and_served_as_an_alternate_at-large_state_elector._At_the_start_of_the_Civil_War,_he_was_picked_as_the_captain_for_a_company_which_became_part_of_the_4th_Alabama_Infantry._Having_declined_a_commission_as_major_of_the_12th_Alabama,_Tracy_fought_with_the_4th_Alabama_at_the_First_Battle_of_Bull_Run_on_July_21,_1861._He_received_a_transfer_to_the_19th_Alabama_Infantry_on_October_12,_and_was_named_that_units_lieutenant_colonel,_serving_under_Col._Joseph_Wheeler._At_the_Battle_of_Shiloh_the_following_April,_Tracy_had_a_horse_killed_under_him,_but_himself_was_unwounded._He_next_went_to_eastern_Tennessee_with_Gen._John_P._McCowns_division_in_Gen._Kirby_Smiths_Army_of_Kentucky,_at_whose_recommendation_Tracy_soon_received_his_commission_as_a_brigadier_general,_dating_to_August_16,_1862,_and_gained_command_of_a_brigade_consisting_of_five_Alabama_regiments._The_following_spring,_Tracys_brigade_was_sent_to_defend_Vicksburg,_Mississippi,_the_Confederacys_vital_stronghold_on_the_Mississippi_River._On_May_1,_1863,_one_day_after_the_23,000_men_of_Gen._Ulysses_S._Grants_Army_of_the_Tennessee_crossed_the_river_and_began_their_march_on_Vicksburg,_the_invading_force_found_itself_confronted_by_8,000_men_under_Gen._John_S._Bowen_giving_them_battle_at_Port_Gibson._Among_these_Confederates_were_Tracys_Alabamans,_who_were_heavily_involved_in_the_fighting,_[b]holding_their_line_despite_suffering_nearly_20%_casualties._By_the_time_the_battle_had_ended_in_defeat,_272_of_the_1,500_officers_and_men_in_Tracys_brigade_had_been_killed,_wounded_or_captured__including_Tracy,_who_was_killed._He_fell_near_the_front_line,_pierced_through_the_breast,_and_instantly_died_without_uttering_a_word,_according_to_one_of_his_regimental_commanders,_Col._(later_Brig._Gen.)_Isham_W._Garrott,_who_was_to_suffer_a_similar_fate_four_weeks_later._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_____
993	Trapier,_J.H.	Gen993.pcx	2	19	0	216	27	9	1	2	1	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._James_Heyward_Trapier_(b._1815,_d._1865)._Born_at_the_Windsor_Plantation_on_the_Black_River_near_Georgetown,_South_Carolina_on_November_24,_1815,_Trapier_was_destined_for_a_military_life._He_graduated_third_in_the_U.S._Military_Academy_at_West_Points_Class_of_1838,_following_which_his_first_military_assignment_was_in_the_Corps_of_Engineers,_mainly_in_the_North._After_ten_years,_he_decided_that_he_had_enough_of_U.S._military_life,_tendering_his_resignation_and_moving_back_to_his_plantation._Trapier,_however,_was_not_done_with_the_military_life_altogether:_he_served_in_local_militia_units_and_aided_in_construction_of_batteries_in_Charleston_Harbor_under_Gen._P.G.T._Beauregard,_first_as_a_captain_and_then_as_a_major,_in_the_prelude_to_the_outbreak_of_hostilities_at_Fort_Sumter._Trapier_received_his_promotion_to_brigadier_general_on_October_21,_1861,_first_commanding_the_Department_of_Middle_and_Eastern_Florida_until_the_following_March,_and_later_a_division_in_Gen._Braxton_Braggs_army_at_Corinth,_Mississippi._His_performance_in_both_commands_was_less_than_expected,_as_both_the_Florida_state_convention_and_Bragg_criticized_him._Beginning_in_the_fall_of_1862_and_lasting_through_the_rest_of_the_war,_Trapier_was_buried_in_a_number_of_inferior_roles_in_South_Carolina._Shortly_after_the_end_of_the_war,_Trapier_died_at_the_home_of_a_friend_in_Georgetown,_South_Carolina,_on_December_21,_1865._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_mex___wp_
994	Vance,_R.B.	Gen994.pcx	2	52	0	216	23	9	1	2	4	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
996	Vaughn,_A.J.	Gen996.pcx	2	68	0	216	28	9	1	6	7	0	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
997	Vaughn,_J.C.	Gen997.pcx	2	40	0	216	28	9	1	4	6	2	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	cav_mex____
998	Villepige,_J.B.	Gen998.pcx	2	28	0	216	27	9	1	5	7	2	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	art____wp_
999	Trimble,_I.R.	Gen999.pcx	2	14	0	216	14	9	1	5	8	2	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	art__engineer___wp_
1000	Tucker,_W.F.	Gen1000.pcx	2	80	0	216	18	9	1	5	4	4	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
1001	Twiggs,_D.E.	Gen1001.pcx	2	0	18	209	29	200	3	2	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3	23	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._David_Emanuel_Twiggs_(b._1790,_d._1862)._Aged_70_or_71_when_the_Civil_War_began_and_a_veteran_of_two_wars_with_foreign_powers_as_well_as_multiple_conflicts_with_Native_American_populations,_Twiggs_was_the_oldest_officer_from_the_U.S._Army_to_join_the_Confederacy._He_was_born_on_the_Good_Hope_estate_in_Richmond_County,_Georgia,_in_1790,_the_son_of_Revolutionary_War_hero_John_Twiggs._His_military_career_began_when_he_was_commissioned_as_a_captain_in_the_8th_Infantry_on_March_12,_1812._Twiggs_fought_in_the_War_of_1812_and_was_promoted_to_major_in_the_28th_Infantry_in_1814._He_fought_in_virtually_every_other_American_conflict_in_the_half-century_before_the_Civil_War._He_went_with_Gen._Andrew_Jackson_to_Florida_for_the_First_Seminole_War_in_1818_and_fought_in_the_Second_Seminole_War_in_1835._By_the_outbreak_of_the_Mexican_War,_Twiggs_was_Colonel_of_the_2nd_Dragoons,_and_served_in_Gen._Zachary_Taylors_Army_of_Observation__under_whom,_having_been_promoted_to_brigadier_general,_he_led_a_division_in_the_storming_of_Monterrey__before_being_shifted_to_Gen._Winfield_Scotts_army_for_the_Mexico_City_campaign._For_his_performance_in_the_conflict,_Twiggs_was_made_a_brevet_major_general_and_presented_with_a_ceremonial_sword_by_resolution_of_Congress._After_a_decade_of_various_postings_on_the_frontier_as_well_as_his_newly_adopted_home_of_New_Orleans,_Twiggs_in_1857_was_given_command_of_the_Department_of_Texas__and_it_was_in_this_position_that_his_48-year_army_career_came_to_an_abrupt_end._Having_striven_to_protect_Federal_interests_in_Texas_in_the_face_of_mounting_secessionist_sentiments,_Twiggs_faced_a_crisis_in_February_1861_when_the_state_secession_convention_voted_in_favor_of_leaving_the_Union_but_decided_first_to_negotiate_the_surrender_of_all_Federal_property_before_holding_a_public_referendum_on_the_decision._Two_weeks_of_heated_negotiations_followed,_during_which_tensions_were_raised_when_1000_state_troops_were_brought_into_San_Antonio,_site_of_Twiggss_headquarters,_to_face_his_force_of_just_160_soldiers._Finally,_just_as_his_replacement_was_arriving_to_assume_command,_Twiggs_was_able_to_negotiate_the_withdrawal_of_Federal_forces_from_San_Antonio_on_February_18._Twiggs,_who_had_returned_home_to_New_Orleans,_was_blamed_for_surrendering_Federal_property._Though_one_of_just_four_general_officers_on_the_U.S._Army_roster_when_the_year_began__the_others_were_Winfield_Scott,_John_E._Wool_and_William_S._Harney__this_disastrous_turn_of_events_in_Texas_brought_about_his_immediate_dismissal_from_the_U.S._Army_on_March_1._While_the_native_Georgian_made_no_secret_of_his_southern_sympathies,_he_also_had_not_hidden_his_intention_to_turn_over_Federal_property_if_Texas_seceded,_since_the_alternative_would_be_war_in_Texas;_nevertheless,_Twiggs_was_essentially_scapegoated_by_the_War_Department,_ending_his_impressive_army_career._Recognizing_the_value_of_gaining_the_services_of_so_experienced_a_general,_the_Confederate_government_sought_to_give_Twiggs_a_command._Declining_health_prevented_him_from_accepting_a_field_command,_so_instead_that_May_he_was_given_command_of_Department_No._1,_which_was_headquartered_in_New_Orleans._At_the_same_time,_Twiggs_was_appointed_a_major_general_in_the_Provisional_Army,_the_senior_officer_in_that_grade_at_the_time._In_this_capacity,_he_worked_on_the_defenses_of_New_Orleans_and_the_Gulf_Coast_for_the_next_few_months._Unfortunately,_he_was_too_old_and_sick_to_continue_in_the_position,_and_requested_to_be_relieved_of_command_on_October_18._With_his_health_failing,_he_fled_New_Orleans_when_Union_forces_occupied_the_city_in_April_1862,_but_his_health_deteriorated_further_and_he_died_from_pneumonia_at_Good_Hope_on_July_15,_1862,_unaware_that_Union_Gen._Benjamin_F._Butler_had_occupied_his_house_and_taken_his_property,_including_the_sword_awarded_him_by_Congress._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_mex__1812_bad_
1002	Tyler,_R.C.	Gen1002.pcx	2	74	0	216	28	9	1	5	7	4	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
1003	Anderson,_R.H.*	Gen1003.pcx	2	85	0	216	6	9	1	4	4	4	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
1004	McCulloch,_H.	Gen1004.pcx	2	17	0	216	29	9	1	4	3	3	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._Henry_Eustace_McCulloch_(b._1816,_d._1895)._McCulloch_was_born_in_Rutherford_County,_Tennessee_as_one_of_twelve_children._He_was_influenced_at_a_young_age_by_the_teachings_of_Sam_Houston_and_David_Crockett,_who_were_neighbors_and_acquaintances_of_the_McCulloch_family._After_traveling_to_San_Antonio_with_his_brother_Benjamin__a_future_Confederate_general_who_would_die_at_Pea_Ridge__in_1838,_he_worked_as_a_surveyor_and_Indian-fighter._He_was_a_member_of_the_Gonzales_Rangers_and,_in_1839,_was_elected_to_the_Republic_of_Texas_House_of_Representatives._After_his_brother_was_crippled_in_a_duel_with_political_rival_Reuben_Ross,_Henry_challenged_Ross_to_a_duel_and_killed_him._During_the_Mexican-American_War,_McCulloch_commanded_a_company_of_volunteers._When_peacetime_came,_he_served_as_a_legislator_in_the_state_legislature_and_also_as_a_U.S._marshal._After_secession,_McCulloch_was_commissioned_as_a_Colonel_in_command_of_the_1st_Texas_Mounted_Rifles._He_was_well-known_and_respected_for_the_discipline_with_which_he_maintained_his_regiment_of_cavalry._The_attack_on_Fort_Sumter_prompted_McCulloch_to_mobilize_five_companies_of_troops_to_ensure_the_surrender_of_the_Union_forces_remaining_in_Texas._He_also_helped_stabilize_the_border_with_the_Wichita_and_Caddo_Indians_and_met_with_great_success._He_was_promoted_to_Brigadier_General_in_September_1861_and_commanded_the_Western_Military_District_in_southwest_Texas._He_was_then_assigned_to_the_third_brigade_of_the_Texas_Division_and_saw_action_in_the_Red_River_Campaign_and_the_Vicksburg_Campaign._He_was_relieved_of_his_command_in_July_of_1863_and_returned_to_Texas_to_continue_work_with_the_Western_Sub-District_of_Texas,_where_he_maintained_the_border_with_the_Indians_and_rounded_up_deserters._After_the_war_ended,_he_served_as_the_superintendent_of_the_Texas_School_for_the_Deaf_for_five_years_before_retiring._He_passed_away_in_1895._Ben_and_Henry_McCulloch_were_the_only_Confederate_brothers_who_both_served_as_generals._(Bio_by_Tom_Dean)	_____
1005	Patterson,_R.	Gen1005.pcx	1	0	14	87	25	200	3	3	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Maj._Gen._Robert_Patterson_(b._1792,_d._1881)._Patterson_held_high_rank_in_three_of_Americas_wars,_including_a_90-day_commission_as_brigadier_general_of_Union_troops_to_start_the_Civil_War_at_the_age_of_69._But_when_that_90-day_period_was_up,_Patterson_was_not_renewed._Patterson_was_born_on_January_12,_1792,_in_County_Tyrone,_Ireland._In_1798,_Pattersons_father_was_banished_for_his_part_in_the_Irish_Rebellion_and_the_family_moved_to_the_United_States,_settling_in_Delaware_County,_Pennsylvania._Patterson_trained_as_a_businessman._When_the_War_of_1812_broke_out,_the_20-year-old_joined_the_Pennsylvania_militia_and_rose_all_the_way_to_colonel_before_being_offered_a_captains_commission_in_the_regular_army_with_the_32nd_Infantry._He_left_the_service_at_the_conclusion_of_the_war._A_grocer_and_shipper_who_had_become_active_in_Democratic_politics,_Patterson_again_left_his_ventures_at_the_start_of_the_Mexican_War._Commissioned_as_a_major_general_of_volunteers,_Patterson_made_his_name_in_Gen._Winfield_Scotts_Mexico_City_Campaign._At_Cerro_Gordo,_Patterson_stopped_a_premature_American_attack_against_a_strong_Mexican_position._He_also_was_commended_for_his_part_in_taking_Jalapa._With_the_end_of_the_war,_Patterson_returned_to_expand_his_business_even_more,_dealing_in_southern_cotton_and_sugar._At_the_start_of_the_Civil_War,_Patterson_once_again_volunteered_his_services,_though_he_was_much_older_than_most_volunteers._Despite_his_age,_the_offer_was_accepted,_partly_because_Patterson_was_extremely_popular_in_his_state,_especially_with_its_militia._He_received_a_three-month_commission_as_a_major_general_to_date_from_April_27,_1861._The_popular_Patterson_was_put_to_work_recruiting_in_Pennsylvania_and_commanding_the_Department_of_Pennsylvania,_which_also_included_Delaware,_Maryland_and_the_District_of_Columbia._In_late_May,_he_was_ordered_to_recapture_Harpers_Ferry,_but_did_so_slowly_enough_to_allow_the_Confederates_to_evacuate_and_burn_the_important_arsenal_structures._In_June,_Patterson_was_ordered_to_move_his_men_into_western_Virginia_to_guard_the_approaches_to_Washington,_D.C._He_moved_to_Martinsburg,_Virginia,_chasing_a_lone_Confederate_brigade_led_by_Gen._Stonewall_Jackson._After_skirmishing_at_Falling_Waters_July_9,_his_forces_occupied_Martinsburg._When_Gen._Irvin_McDowells_Army_of_Northeastern_Virginia_moved_against_Confederate_forces_assembled_near_Manassas_Junction,_Patterson_was_ordered_to_make_sure_that_the_troops_of_Joseph_E._Johnstons_Army_of_the_Shenandoah_could_not_reinforce_them,_which_would_ensure_a_significant_numerical_superiority_for_McDowell._Johnston_was_able_to_move_his_forces_to_link_up_with_Gen._P.G.T._Beauregards_Army_of_the_Potomac_because_Patterson_did_not_attempt_to_intervene,_and_these_forces_played_a_decisive_roll_in_achieving_a_Confederate_victory_in_the_wars_first_major_battle._After_the_fact,_Patterson_defended_himself_by_stating_he_was_not_ordered_to_attack_Johnston._Pattersons_commission_expired_July_27_and_he_was_replaced_by_Gen._Nathaniel_Banks._Patterson_requested_a_court_of_inquiry_into_Banks_conduct_in_western_Virginia,_but_was_turned_down._Patterson_remained_a_major_general_in_the_Pennsylvania_militia_for_the_rest_of_the_war,_but_never_again_commanded_troops_on_the_field._Pattersons_son,_Francis_Engle_Patterson,_also_served_in_the_war,_as_a_brigadier_general_of_volunteers,_but_was_found_dead_in_his_tent_near_Occoquan,_Virginia,_on_November_22,_1862,_killed_by_what_was_officially_recorded_as_an_accidental_discharge_of_his_own_pistol._Robert_Patterson_returned_to_the_business_world_following_the_war._He_died_in_Philadelphia_on_August_7,_1881._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_____
1006	Quarles,_W.	Gen1006.pcx	2	63	94	216	28	9	1	2	2	1	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Brig._Gen._William_Andrew_Quarles_(b._1825,_d._1893)._One_of_only_two_Civil_War_generals_with_a_last_name_starting_with_the_letter_Q__Union_general_Isaac_F._Quinby_was_the_other__Quarles_suffered_the_fate_of_being_captured_twice._Quarles_was_born_on_the_Fourth_of_July,_1825,_near_Jamestown,_Virginia._At_the_age_of_five,_his_family_moved_to_Christian_County,_Kentucky._Quarles_studied_law_at_the_University_of_Virginia_and_was_admitted_to_the_bar_in_1848._His_first_practice_was_located_in_Clarksville,_Tennessee._Becoming_active_in_politics,_Quarles_served_an_elector_for_Franklin_Pierce_in_the_1852_presidential_election_and_unsuccessfully_ran_for_U.S._Congress_in_1858._He_also_held_posts_as_a_circuit_court_judge,_supervisor_of_banks_for_Tennessee_and_president_of_the_Memphis,_Clarksville_&_Louisville_Railroad,_and_was_a_delegate_to_the_Democratic_conventions_of_1856_and_1860._Elected_Colonel_of_the_42nd_Tennessee_Infantry_in_1861,_he_was_captured_with_that_unit_at_Fort_Donelson_in_February_1862._After_having_been_exchanged,_Quarles_led_four_consolidated_Tennessee_regiments_at_Port_Hudson._His_command_was_moved_to_Gen._Joseph_E._Johnstons_Army_of_Tennessee_during_the_Vicksburg_Campaign,_after_which_he_received_promotion_to_brigadier_general_on_August_25,_1863._Quarles_led_his_troops_through_the_Atlanta_Campaign_and_Gen._John_B._Hoods_Tennessee_Invasion_until_he_was_wounded_and_captured_at_the_Battle_of_Franklin_on_November_30,_1864._Paroled_after_the_wars_end_on_May_25,_1865,_Quarles_returned_home_to_resume_his_law_practice._In_1875,_he_was_elected_to_the_Tennessee_senate,_and_he_again_served_as_a_delegate_to_the_Democratic_national_conventions_of_1880_and_1884._Quarles_died_at_the_home_of_a_daughter_in_Logan_County,_Kentucky,_on_December_28,_1893._(Bio_by_Bill_Battle)	_____
1007	Salomon,_E.S.	Gen1007.pcx	1	101	0	215	7	9	1	4	3	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	8	18	0	0	Brig._Gen._Edward_Selig_Salomon_(b._1836,_d._1913)._Born_in_Schleswig,_Germany_(then_under_Danish_rule)_in_a_Jewish_family,_Salomon_immigrated_to_the_United_States_in_1856_and_settled_in_Illinois._Five_years_later_he_was_elected_alderman_of_Chicagos_sixth_ward_as_one_of_the_youngest_men_in_the_towns_history._In_fall_of_1861,_Salomon_enlisted_in_the_24th_Illinois._The_infantry_regiment_was_led_by_Col._Friedrich_Hecker,_one_of_the_key_figures_in_the_failed_German_Revolution_of_1848-49,_who_had_great_influence_in_the_German-American_community_and_had_raised_the_regiment_himself._But_Hecker_was_pugnacious,_too,_and_thus_resigned_shortly_after,_due_to_a_rift_between_him_and_some_officers._Salomon_resigned_as_well,_but_reenlisted_when_Hecker_formed_the_82nd_Illinois_(the_Second_Hecker_Regiment)_in_1862_by_recruiting_more_Germans,_Jews,_and_other_Europeans._Salomon_was_commissioned_lieutenant_colonel_on_September_26,_1862._In_December_1862,_the_regiment_was_assigned_to_the_Army_of_the_Potomac,_but_did_not_see_any_fighting_at_Fredericksburg_that_month._At_Chancellorsville_the_following_May,_Salomon_assumed_command_after_Hecker_had_been_wounded,_and_his_men_retained_good_order_compared_to_others_of_the_routed_XI_Corps,_which_had_been_surprised_by_Gen._Thomas_Stonewall_Jacksons_famous_flanking_march_against_the_Union_right_wing._In_July,_Salomon_led_the_troops_into_battle_at_Gettysburg,_where_they_had_to_fall_back_on_the_first_day_but_fought_remarkably_at_Culps_Hill_on_the_second._Salomon_had_two_horses_shot_under_him_and_was_commanded_by_his_corps_commander,_fellow_German_Gen._Carl_Schurz,_for_his_performance:_He_was_the_only_soldier_at_Gettysburg_who_did_not_dodge_when_Lees_guns_thundered;_he_stood_up,_smoked_his_cigar_and_faced_the_cannon_balls_with_the_sang_froid_of_a_Saladin_..._That_fall,_the_regiment_was_transferred_to_Chattanooga_and_made_part_of_the_3rd_Brigade_in_Schurzs_division,_and_was_once_again_led_by_the_recovered_Hecker._Salomon_fought_in_the_nighttime_Battle_of_Wauhatchie,_in_which_the_Union_secured_Lookout_Valley_for_its_supply_routes,_and_at_Missionary_Ridge,_when_the_Union_finally_broke_the_siege_of_Chattanooga._When_Gen._William_Sherman_was_sent_to_relieve_the_besieged_forces_under_Gen._Ambrose_Burnside_in_Knoxville,_the_82nd_Illinois_went_with_him,_though_they_were_not_equipped_for_a_campaign_in_winter._In_early_1864,_Hecker_resigned_because_he_had_been_passed_over_several_times_when_up_for_promotion,_and_Salomon_was_promoted_to_colonel,_on_March_21._Now_leading_his_regiment,_he_participated_in_Shermans_Atlanta_Campaign,_subsequently_missing_the_March_to_the_Sea_because_he_was_on_messenger_duty,_before_returning_for_the_Carolinas_Campaign._At_Bentonville_on_March_19-21,_1865,_Salomons_regiment_resisted_the_Confederate_attacks,_and_afterwards_he_was_brevetted_brigadier_general_for_his_skilful_leadership._After_the_war,_Salomon_first_served_as_county_clerk_in_Chicago_for_four_years,_before_being_appointed_Governor_of_Washington_Territory_by_Pres._Ulysses_S._Grant._Salomon_had_to_resign_from_this_position_two_years_later_due_to_the_scandals_in_the_Grant_administration,_even_though_he_was_not_involved_personally._Following_this,_he_moved_to_San_Francisco_and_practiced_law._In_1888,_he_was_elected_to_the_California_state_assembly._After_his_death_in_1913_he_was_buried_in_Salem_Memorial_Cemetery,_in_Colma,_California._He_was_the_cousin_of_the_three_Salomon_brothers_who_gained_prominence_as_a_wartime_governor_of_Wisconsin_(Edward_P._Salomon)_and_as_Union_generals_(Charles_and_Friedrich_Salomon)._(Bio_by_Joern_Kaesebier)	_____
1008	Miles,_D.S.	Gen1008.pcx	1	0	41	78	14	200	2	2	2	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Col._Dixon_Stansbury_Miles_(b._1804,_d._1862)._Miles,_who_commanded_the_Unions_5th_Division_as_a_colonel_at_the_First_Battle_of_Bull_Run,_was_killed_by_a_shell_just_when_he_was_on_the_verge_of_surrendering_the_Union_garrison_at_Harpers_Ferry_to_Gen._Stonewall_Jacksons_forces_on_September_15,_1862,_two_days_before_the_Battle_of_Antietam.__(The_surrender_of_more_than_12,000_men_was_the_largest_by_U.S._soldiers_until_the_end_of_the_Battle_of_Corregidor_during_World_War_II.)	_____
1009	Bartow,_F.S.	Gen1009.pcx	2	13	14	77	6	18	1	4	2	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	Col._Francis_Stebbins_Bartow_(b._1816,_d._1861)._Although_partly_responsible_for_Georgias_secession,_Bartow_was_killed_too_early_to_render_much_service_for_the_Confederacy._Born_in_Savannah,_Georgia_on_September_6,_1816,_Bartow_attended_Yale_Law_School_before_being_admitted_to_the_bar_in_his_hometown_in_1837._Four_years_later_he_started_his_political_career_and_served_as_a_member_of_the_Georgia_House_of_Representatives_and_Senate._An_attempt_to_become_a_player_in_national_politics_failed_in_1856_when_he_ran_for_Congress_but_was_defeated._Associated_with_states_rights_factions_since_the_1850s,_Bartow_advocated_secession_when_Abraham_Lincoln_was_elected_president_in_1860,_and_voted_for_this_course_as_delegate_to_the_Georgia_secession_convention_in_January_1861._Bartow_next_attended_the_Provisional_Congressional_Congress_that_began_meeting_on_February_4,_1861_in_Montgomery,_Alabama,_serving_on_several_committees_(including_the_Flag_Committee,_which_choose_the_stars_and_bars,_and_the_Military_Affairs_Committee,_in_which_Bartow_called_for_the_raising_of_a_Confederate_Army_and_supported_the_choice_of_gray_uniforms_for_the_troops)._After_the_attack_on_Fort_Sumter_on_April_12_and_the_beginning_of_hostilities_it_entailed,_the_Georgian_brought_his_old_militia_unit,_the_21st_Oglethorpe_Light_Infantry,_to_Virginia_against_the_will_of_Gov._Joseph_Brown,_who_wanted_to_keep_the_troops_in_their_native_state._Pres._Jefferson_Davis_solved_the_conflict_by_making_Bartows_Oglethorpe_Light_Infantry_the_first_company_to_officially_contribute_its_services_to_the_Confederacys_national_war_effort._Bartow_soon_got_more_Georgian_troops,_forming_and_becoming_colonel_of_the_8th_Georgia_Infantry_Regiment._Soon_after_participating_in_the_seizure_of_Fort_McAllister,_part_of_the_defenses_of_Savannah_located_south_of_the_city,_the_regiment_was_assigned_to_Gen._Joseph_E._Johnstons_Army_of_the_Shenandoah_in_June._Though_still_a_colonel,_Bartow_commanded_the_2nd_Brigade,_which_included_his_regiment,_at_the_First_Battle_of_Bull_Run,_arriving_with_the_rest_of_Johnstons_army_to_reinforce_Gen._P.G.T._Beauregards_Army_of_the_Potomac._The_brigade_was_deployed_on_the_Confederate_left_and_was_soon_in_the_middle_of_the_heaviest_fighting_around_Henry_House_Hill,_having_been_pushed_back_from_Matthews_House_along_with_Gen._Bernard_Bees_brigade._After_the_arrival_of_Gen._Thomas_J._Jacksons_Virginia_brigade_turned_the_tide_of_battle,_Bartow_and_Bee_were_able_to_reform_what_was_left_of_their_brigades_and_get_them_back_into_the_fight._While_leading_a_charge_against_a_Union_battery_at_the_Stone_Bridge,_Bartow_was_killed._According_to_some_of_his_soldiers_his_last_words_were:_Boys,_they_have_killed_me,_but_never_give_up_the_field._Even_without_him_his_men_were_able_to_silence_the_battery._Bartows_body_was_brought_to_Savannah_and_buried_at_Laurel_Grove_Cemetery._The_Confederate_Congress_confirmed_his_posthumous_promotion_to_brigadier_general_(dating_from_July_21,_1861)_in_honor_of_his_service_for_his_country._The_second_senior_officer_to_fall_in_the_Confederate_cause_(Gen._Robert_S._Garnett_had_been_the_first,_at_Carricks_Ford_eight_days_earlier),_Bartow_was_commemorated_by_his_fellow_Georgians,_who_named_several_infantry_companies_after_him,_as_well_as_a_county_and_town._(Bio_by_Joern_Kaesebier)	_____
1010	Garibaldi,_G.	Gen1010.pcx	1	0	0	215	0	5	3	6	4	4	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	-1	0	0	0	Giuseppe_Garibaldi_(b._1807,_d._1882)._In_what_could_have_been_yet_another_notable_chapter_in_the_life_of_the_patriot_who_brought_about_the_unification_of_Italy_through_his_military_and_political_skills,_Garibaldi_approached_Pres._Abraham_Lincoln_at_the_beginning_of_the_Civil_War_to_offer_his_services_to_the_Union_cause._Having_initially_invited_him_to_join_the_army_as_a_major_general,_Lincoln_was_compelled_to_rescind_the_offer_because_of_Garibaldis_two_requirements:_that_the_Union_would_definitely_have_the_goal_of_abolishing_slavery,_and_that_Garibaldi_would_be_given_command_of_the_army.	_____
1011	Palmer,_I.N.	Gen1011.pcx	1	17	0	215	22	9	1	3	4	3	3	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
1012	Farnsworth,_J.F.	Gen1012.pcx	1	46	52	215	7	9	1	4	3	3	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	9	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
1013	Pearce,_N.B.	Gen1013.pcx	2	0	15	54	2	18	1	4	4	2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
1014	Runyon,_T.	Gen1014.pcx	1	0	0	78	21	200	2	3	3	2	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	nobio	_____
0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
