OVERVIEW: The FAB-275M-91 is a Soviet-designed 275 kg high-explosive general-purpose bomb, optimized for low-altitude release using a parabrake (retarding parachute). It is intended for tactical bombing missions requiring safe delivery from low levels.

DETAIL: The FAB-275M-91 was developed to bridge the gap between the lighter FAB-250 series and heavier 500 kg-class bombs, offering more blast effect while remaining compatible with a wide range of strike aircraft. Its construction features a steel casing filled with high explosive, typically TNT or A-IX-1. The "M-91" suffix designates a late Cold War modernization, with the inclusion of a tail-mounted parabrake system to decelerate the bomb post-release.

The retarding system allows for low-level deployment, minimizing risk to the launch aircraft from blast and fragmentation. This makes the FAB-275M-91 particularly suited for close air support, runway denial, or strikes on troop concentrations and logistical points. It employs standard Soviet fuzing options, including contact and delay-action types.

Aircraft capable of deploying this bomb include the Su-24, Su-25, and other fixed-wing strike platforms fielded by Warsaw Pact and allied states. While never produced in the same numbers as the FAB-250 or FAB-500 families, the FAB-275M-91 remains in limited service among post-Soviet air forces.

NOTE:
IOC: Early 1990s
Operators: Russia, Belarus, Syria, others
Platform: Su-25, Su-24, MiG-27
Conflicts: Used in training and regional conflicts (unconfirmed operational wartime use)

SOURCE:
Jane’s Weapons: Air-Launched ; Russian Ministry of Defence ; Federation of American Scientists (FAS): https://fas.org ; TsNIITochMash Technical Reports