OVERVIEW: The SSG 73 *Collins* is a diesel-electric attack submarine (SSK) operated by the Royal Australian Navy (RAN). Commissioned in 1996, it represents a significant advancement in Australian submarine capabilities.

DETAILS: The *Collins* class submarines were conceived in the 1980s as a replacement for the RAN's aging *Oberon* class. The project aimed to develop a submarine with superior endurance, range, and acoustic stealth compared to previous RAN submarines, capable of operating independently in the vast and challenging waters of the Indo-Pacific region. The design was heavily influenced by the Swedish *Västergötland* class, incorporating advanced noise reduction technologies and a modern combat system. While the initial development and construction phase was plagued with technical challenges and cost overruns, the *Collins* class ultimately delivered a potent submarine platform tailored to Australia's unique strategic needs. The design emphasizes long-range patrols and independent operations, reflecting Australia's maritime domain awareness requirements.

The primary roles of the *Collins* class are anti-submarine warfare (ASW), anti-surface warfare (ASuW), intelligence gathering, and surveillance. The *Collins*, equipped with advanced sensors and weaponry, is capable of detecting and engaging enemy submarines and surface vessels. Its stealth characteristics also allow it to operate in contested waters, providing crucial intelligence for strategic decision-making. The Kariwara COLTAS towed array sonar significantly enhances the submarine's ASW capabilities by providing long-range detection and classification of underwater targets. The Type 1007 navigation radar provides surface search and navigation capabilities. The TSM 2253 PVDF flank array sonar provides passive detection and ranging capabilities.

Technologically, the *Collins* class integrates a sophisticated sensor suite for comprehensive situational awareness. The TSM 2233M Scylla sonar, composed of the DSUV 2H towed variable depth sonar and the DUUA 2D bow array sonar, allows for both active and passive detection capabilities, enhancing the submarine’s ability to locate and track targets in various operational environments. The Manta XL electronic support measures (ESM) system provides the ability to detect, identify, and locate radar emissions from surface ships and aircraft, contributing to situational awareness and threat assessment. The TSM 2255 integrated sonar suite further enhances the submarine's acoustic intelligence gathering capabilities. The CK043/CH093 periscope suite provides visual and infrared observation capabilities for surface surveillance and target identification. The SATEPS system integrates satellite communication capabilities. The *Collins* is equipped with standard 533mm torpedo tubes, capable of launching a variety of torpedoes and anti-ship missiles, providing a potent offensive capability. The SSDE (Submarine Self Defence Equipment) is present, presumably referring to a countermeasures suite.

SPECIFICATION: Length: 77.4 m || Beam: 7.8 m || Draft: 7.0 m || Disp: 3051 t

SENSORS: Kariwara COLTAS || Type 1007 || TSM 2253 PVDF || TSM 2233M Scylla [DSUV 2H + DUUA 2D] || Manta XL || TSM 2255 || SATEPS || CK043 / CH093 Periscope Suite

ARMAMENT: SSDE || 533mm TT