OVERVIEW: The S 44 Shishumar [Type 209-1500] is a diesel-electric attack submarine (SSK) operated by the Indian Navy. Commissioned in 1987, the Shishumar represents a significant step in India's indigenous submarine construction program, being the first of its class to be built under license from Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft (HDW) of Germany. The submarine provides India with a potent undersea warfare capability.

DETAILS: The Shishumar class was procured as part of a broader effort to modernize and expand India's naval capabilities in the late 1970s and early 1980s. The Type 209-1500 design was selected for its advanced features, including a low acoustic signature, high underwater speed, and sophisticated sensor suite. The initial contract included two submarines built in Germany and two built under license at Mazagon Dock Limited (MDL) in Mumbai, India. The Shishumar herself was built at MDL, showcasing the transfer of technology and bolstering India's shipbuilding expertise. The design philosophy emphasized a balance of offensive and defensive capabilities, making the Shishumar a versatile platform for a range of missions.

The Shishumar-class submarines are primarily designed for anti-submarine warfare (ASW) and anti-surface warfare (ASuW) operations. Their relatively quiet operation allows them to effectively patrol strategic sea lanes, protect Indian naval assets, and conduct surveillance operations. The submarines are also capable of minelaying operations, further enhancing their offensive capabilities. While not specifically designed for anti-aircraft warfare (AAW), their presence provides a deterrent against potential aerial threats. The submarines have regularly participated in naval exercises alongside other Indian and foreign warships, demonstrating their operational readiness and interoperability.

The S 44 Shishumar is equipped with a comprehensive suite of sensors for situational awareness. The CSU 3-4 sonar provides active and passive detection capabilities, while the AR-672 Phoenix I serves as an intercept receiver, detecting and analyzing enemy radar emissions. The PRS 3-4 passive ranging sonar enables accurate target localization. The TRS 3110 Calypso IV [DRUA 33], a radar system, contributes to surface search and navigation. An IPS CSU 3 integrated processing suite aids in fusing sensor data. Two generic submarine periscopes, one optical and one equipped with low-light television (LLTV), provide visual surveillance capabilities, especially in shallow water environments. The 533mm torpedo tubes provide the primary offensive punch, capable of launching a variety of torpedoes against surface and subsurface targets. The signal ejector is used for communication and decoy deployment.

SPECIFICATION: Length: 64.4 m || Beam: 6.5 m || Draft: 6.2 m || Disp: 1660 t

SENSORS: CSU 3-4 || AR-672 Phoenix I || PRS 3-4 || TRS 3110 Calypso IV [DRUA 33] || IPS CSU 3 || Generic Submarine Periscope, Optical || Generic Submarine Periscope, LLTV

ARMAMENT: 533mm TT || Signal Ejector