**OVERVIEW:** The S 163 *Albacora* [Daphne] is a diesel-electric attack submarine operated by the Portuguese Navy. Commissioned in 1968, the *Albacora* represents a significant early contribution to Portugal's underwater warfare capabilities.

**DETAILS:**
The *Daphne*-class submarines were developed in France during the 1950s and 1960s as an improvement over the earlier *Arethuse*-class. Designed by the French naval architect Pierre Jean Simonet, the *Daphne*-class emphasized quiet operation and improved sonar capabilities for effective anti-submarine warfare (ASW). The design prioritized a streamlined hull form for enhanced underwater speed and maneuverability. The acquisition of the *Daphne*-class by Portugal bolstered their ability to patrol the strategic waters of the Atlantic, contributing to NATO's maritime security efforts. The submarines were intended to provide a credible deterrent and enhance Portugal’s ability to monitor and respond to potential threats in the region.

The primary role of the *Albacora* was anti-submarine warfare (ASW), but it also possesses capabilities in anti-surface warfare (ASuW) and maritime interdiction. The submarine's operational profile likely involved patrolling key sea lanes, conducting surveillance missions, and participating in joint exercises with NATO allies. While primarily an ASW platform, the *Albacora* could also engage surface targets using its torpedo armament. The *Daphne* class saw service during a tense period of the Cold War, when its capabilities were an important contribution to naval operations in the Eastern Atlantic.

The *Albacora*'s sensor suite includes the TRS 3100 Calypso III [DRUA 33C] radar, likely used for surface search and navigation. The DUUX 2A, DUUA 2A, and DUUA 1A sonars provide a comprehensive acoustic picture, allowing for the detection and tracking of both submarines and surface vessels. The ARUR 10 [DR 2000U] electronic support measures (ESM) system enables the detection and identification of radar emissions from opposing forces, enhancing situational awareness. The DSUV 2 sonar and DUUG 1A underwater telephone further augment its communication and surveillance capabilities. The optical submarine periscope remains a crucial visual aid for navigation and target identification in littoral environments. Its torpedo armament gives the submarine the capability to engage hostile submarines and surface combatants.

**SPECIFICATION:** Length: 57.8 m || Beam: 6.7 m || Draft: 5.3 m || Disp: 860 t

**SENSORS:** TRS 3100 Calypso III [DRUA 33C] || DUUX 2A || DUUA 2A || DUUA 1A || DSUV 2 || ARUR 10 [DR 2000U] || DUUG 1A || Generic Submarine Periscope, Optical

**ARMAMENT:** 550mm TT || 550mm TT