**OVERVIEW:** The S 135 *Hashmat* [Agosta 70] is a diesel-electric attack submarine operated by the Pakistan Navy. Commissioned in 1986, the *Hashmat* represents an evolution of French submarine design principles tailored for export and optimized for operations in littoral environments.

**DETAILS:**
The Agosta 70-class was developed by France's Direction des Constructions et Armes Navales (DCAN) in the late 1960s as a follow-on to the successful *Daphné*-class submarines. The design focused on improved submerged endurance, reduced acoustic signature, and enhanced sensor capabilities compared to its predecessor. The *Hashmat*, delivered to Pakistan in 1986, embodies these principles, incorporating advancements in noise reduction techniques and improved hull hydrodynamics to minimize detectability. The class was intended for export, with Pakistan being one of the principal customers, seeking to bolster its underwater warfare capabilities in the Arabian Sea and surrounding waters. The choice of the Agosta 70 reflected Pakistan’s strategic need for a relatively affordable yet highly capable submarine platform suitable for both offensive and defensive roles.

The *Hashmat*'s primary roles are anti-submarine warfare (ASW), anti-surface warfare (ASuW), and intelligence gathering. The vessel is equipped to conduct independent patrols, fleet support operations, and surveillance missions. Its advanced sensor suite allows for the detection, tracking, and engagement of both surface and subsurface targets. While not optimized for anti-air warfare (AAW), its inherent stealth characteristics enable it to operate effectively in contested waters. The *Hashmat* is capable of laying mines and supporting special operations forces, adding to its versatility as a multi-mission platform. The submarine’s operational area extends from the Arabian Sea into the Indian Ocean, contributing significantly to Pakistan's maritime security posture.

The *Hashmat*’s operational effectiveness is significantly enhanced by its sensor and weapons suite. The TRS 3100 Calypso III radar (designated DRUA 33C by some sources) provides surface search and navigation capabilities. The DUUX 2B and DUUA 2B active and passive sonar systems, along with the DUUA 1A towed array, provide long-range detection and classification of underwater contacts. The DR 2000U radar intercept system enhances situational awareness by detecting and analyzing enemy radar emissions. The DSUV 2H, DUUG 5, and DUUG 6 [M5] sonar systems likely contribute to fire control solutions and close-range navigation. The Generic Submarine Periscope (Optical) and Generic Submarine Periscope (LLTV) provide visual and low-light observation capabilities for surface surveillance and target identification. Armament consists of 533mm torpedo tubes capable of launching a variety of torpedoes, potentially including wire-guided variants, and a signal ejector for communication purposes.

**SPECIFICATION:** Length: 67.6 m || Beam: 6.8 m || Draft: 5.4 m || Disp: 1490 t

**SENSORS:** TRS 3100 Calypso III [DRUA 33C] || DUUX 2B || DUUA 2B || DUUA 1A || DR 2000U || DSUV 2H || DUUG 5 || DUUG 6 [M5] || Generic Submarine Periscope, Optical || Generic Submarine Periscope, LLTV

**ARMAMENT:** Signal Ejector || 533mm TT