OVERVIEW: The SSN 685 *Glenard P. Lipscomb* is a unique nuclear-powered attack submarine operated by the United States Navy. While initially designated as a lead ship, the *Glenard P. Lipscomb* represents a significant departure from standard U.S. Navy submarine design practices, primarily in its propulsion system.

DETAILS:
The *Glenard P. Lipscomb*'s development was driven by an interest in exploring advanced submarine propulsion technologies. Unlike the standard S5W reactor adopted by the majority of US Navy nuclear submarines of its era, the *Glenard P. Lipscomb* was intended to test a direct-drive turbo-electric drive system. This system was theorized to offer quieter operation, which would dramatically increase the submarine's stealth capabilities. Design began in the mid-1960s, with construction commencing in 1971. However, significant challenges arose during the development and implementation of the novel propulsion system. These challenges led to substantial delays in the submarine’s operational deployment and ultimately contributed to the decision not to pursue this propulsion method for subsequent submarine classes. After a lengthy construction and trials period, the vessel was commissioned in 1985, though primarily served as a research and development platform for the US Navy, dedicated to the testing and evaluation of submarine technologies.

The *Glenard P. Lipscomb* was designed to fulfill the standard roles of a nuclear-powered attack submarine: anti-submarine warfare (ASW), anti-surface warfare (ASuW), and intelligence gathering. Its potential for enhanced stealth, stemming from the direct-drive turbo-electric system, would have made it an exceptional platform for covert operations and penetrating heavily defended areas. However, its operational profile centered on technological assessment. The *Glenard P. Lipscomb*'s sensor suite suggests a focus on undersea surveillance. The AN/BQQ-5A(V)2 sonar, an advanced system incorporating the BQS-12 close-range sonar, provides excellent detection and tracking capabilities against submerged threats. Similarly, the AN/BQS-14 active sonar is likely used for ice navigation and close-range object detection. The AN/TB-16 towed array sonar greatly enhances the submarine's passive detection range, providing early warning of approaching vessels and improved targeting data. The presence of the AN/WLR-9A and AN/BRD-6 electronic support measures (ESM) equipment allows for the detection and identification of radar and communication signals, providing valuable intelligence information.

The armament of the *Glenard P. Lipscomb* reflects its attack submarine role. Two 533mm Mk67 torpedo tubes provide the capability to launch a variety of torpedoes, including the Mk 48 Advanced Capability (ADCAP) torpedo, against both surface and subsurface targets. The 3-inch signal ejector is used for launching flares and other signaling devices for communication and distress purposes. The optical and low-light television (LLTV) submarine periscopes allow for visual surface observation and navigation, particularly important in littoral environments. The *Glenard P. Lipscomb*'s unique propulsion system, while ultimately not adopted for widespread use, contributed significantly to the understanding of submarine design and noise reduction techniques within the U.S. Navy.

SPECIFICATION: Length: 111.0 m || Beam: 9.8 m || Draft: 8.8 m || Disp: 5906 t

SENSORS: AN/WLR-9A || AN/TB-16 || AN/BQS-14 || AN/BPS-14 || AN/BQQ-5A(V)2 [BQS-12] || AN/BRD-6 || Generic Submarine Periscope, Optical || Generic Submarine Periscope, LLTV

ARMAMENT: 533mm Mk67 TT || 533mm Mk67 TT || 3-inch Signal Ejector