**OVERVIEW:** The S 137 *Khalid* [Agosta 90B] is a diesel-electric attack submarine operated by the Pakistan Navy, commissioned in 2023. It represents a modern iteration of the French Agosta-class submarine, upgraded to enhance its operational capabilities.

**DETAILS:**

The Agosta 90B represents a significant upgrade to the original Agosta-class design, incorporating improvements in stealth, sensor technology, and combat systems. This evolution reflects a broader trend in submarine development, focusing on enhanced acoustic signature reduction and the integration of advanced electronic warfare capabilities. The design emphasizes operational flexibility, allowing the submarine to effectively execute a range of missions in diverse littoral and open-ocean environments. The Pakistani acquisition and subsequent commissioning of *Khalid* underscores the country's commitment to maintaining a credible and modern submarine force, capable of safeguarding its maritime interests and projecting power within the Indian Ocean region. The improvements integrated into the 90B variant demonstrate a focus on maintaining relevance in the face of evolving underwater warfare technologies.

The primary roles of the *Khalid* are Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW), Anti-Surface Warfare (ASuW), and intelligence gathering. The vessel's advanced sonar suite, including the TSM 2233M Scylla, enables effective detection, tracking, and classification of both surface and subsurface targets at extended ranges. This is augmented by the DR 3000U electronic support measures (ESM) suite, which facilitates the interception and analysis of enemy radar emissions, providing valuable intelligence and situational awareness. The SharpEye X-Band radar provides surface search capabilities, enhancing the submarine's ability to navigate and identify targets in challenging conditions. The inclusion of Generic Submarine Periscopes (Optical and LLTV) as well as GIDS SLTA provides redundancy and adaptability for surveillance in varying conditions.

The *Khalid*'s operational effectiveness is further enhanced by its integrated combat management system and advanced weapons capabilities. The installation of the Zargana countermeasure system provides a layered defense against torpedo threats. The 533mm torpedo tubes allow for the deployment of a variety of modern torpedoes and possibly anti-ship missiles, providing a potent offensive capability against surface combatants and other submarines. The vessel's sensor suite provides target data for precise weapon engagement, maximizing the probability of a successful attack. The *Khalid*'s modern design and updated sensors make it a formidable addition to the Pakistan Navy's submarine fleet.

**SPECIFICATION:** Length: 67.6 m || Beam: 6.8 m || Draft: 5.4 m || Disp: 1490 t

**SENSORS:** TRS 3100 Calypso III [DRUA 33C] || DR 3000U || TSM 2233M Scylla [DSUV 2H + DUUA 2D] || TSM 2255 || TSM 2243 || SharpEye [X-Band] || Generic Submarine Periscope, Optical || Generic Submarine Periscope, LLTV || GIDS SLTA

**ARMAMENT:** Zargana Countermeasure System || 533mm TT