OVERVIEW: The PLARK-675MK Echo II is a cruise missile submarine of the Russian Navy, representing a significant upgrade to the earlier Project 675 (Echo I) class. Entering service in 1992, it serves as a platform for anti-surface warfare, combining long-range strike capabilities with advanced sensor technology.

DETAILS: The Project 675MK (Modified K) Echo II represented a substantial modernization program for the original Echo II class, addressing shortcomings in acoustic signature and electronic warfare capabilities while enhancing its primary anti-ship role. The Echo II design originated in the late 1950s as a response to the growing threat of U.S. Navy carrier strike groups. The initial concept involved a submarine capable of launching anti-ship missiles from a submerged position, allowing it to engage targets at long ranges without exposing itself to immediate counterattack. The 'MK' variant specifically focused on improving the accuracy and range of the P-500 Bazalt missiles, as well as reducing the submarine's vulnerability to detection. This included hull modifications for improved hydrodynamic performance and internal arrangements to accommodate updated electronics and fire control systems.

The primary operational role of the PLARK-675MK Echo II is anti-surface warfare (ASuW), with a secondary emphasis on reconnaissance and intelligence gathering. It is designed to engage and neutralize enemy surface combatants, particularly aircraft carriers and their escorts. While not optimized for anti-submarine warfare (ASW) or anti-aircraft warfare (AAW), the submarine possesses self-defense capabilities and can contribute to fleet defense operations. The vessel would typically operate in conjunction with other naval assets, utilizing its long-range missile capability to strike targets beyond the immediate range of surface-based defenses.

The sensor suite of the PLARK-675MK is tailored to its ASuW mission. The 'Front Door A [Argument]' fire control system is critical for guiding the SS-N-12 Sandbox missiles to their targets, processing targeting data from various sources. The 'Snoop Slab [Burya]' radar provides surface search capabilities, essential for initial target detection and identification. The 'Shark Teeth [MKG-100 Kerch]' and 'Shark Fin [MKG-100 Kerch]' sonars offer enhanced underwater surveillance, while the 'Quad Loop DF' system provides direction finding capabilities for enemy communications. The 'Mine Avoidance [MG-14 Arfa-G]' sonar is critical for safe navigation in mined areas. The integration of 'Generic Acoustic Intercept' sensors allows for the detection and analysis of enemy sonar transmissions, enhancing situational awareness. The combination of these systems gives the PLARK-675MK Echo II a significant ability to locate, track, and engage enemy surface vessels. The multiple torpedo tubes allow for engagement of closer targets, and self-defense.

SPECIFICATION: Length: 119.0 m || Beam: 9.2 m || Draft: 7.1 m || Disp: 4485 t

SENSORS: Quad Loop DF || Stop Light B [Nakat] || Shark Teeth [MKG-100 Kerch] || Shark Fin [MKG-100 Kerch] || Front Door A [Argument] || Snoop Slab [Burya] || Generic Acoustic Intercept || Mine Avoidance [MG-14 Arfa-G] || Generic Submarine Periscope || Optical

ARMAMENT: 533mm TT || SS-N-12 Sandbox [P-500 Bazalt] Single Tubes || 533mm TT || 400mm TT || Signal Ejector