OVERVIEW: The S 601 *Rubis* is a conventional attack submarine of the *Rubis* class, operated by the French Navy.

DETAILS: The *Rubis* class represents a significant milestone in French submarine design, being the first nuclear-powered (SSN) submarine class built for the *Marine Nationale*. Although initially designated as SSNs, their relatively compact size and acoustic signature have often seen them deployed in roles traditionally assigned to diesel-electric submarines (SSKs). The lead ship *Rubis* was laid down in 1976, and the class underwent a substantial modernization program in the late 1980s and early 1990s, improving its sensors and quieting characteristics. The *Rubis* was commissioned in 1991 after this upgrade, incorporating improvements learned from the experiences of earlier boats in the class. The design emphasized a balance between speed, stealth, and firepower, with particular attention paid to underwater acoustic signature reduction.

The primary roles of the *Rubis* are anti-submarine warfare (ASW), anti-surface warfare (ASuW), intelligence gathering, and support of special operations forces. Its advanced sonar suite allows for the detection, tracking, and engagement of both surface and subsurface targets at considerable ranges. The installation of the DUUX 2B active/passive sonar suite provides a comprehensive picture of the underwater environment, enabling effective ASW operations. The DSUV 62A towed array sonar [TSM 2933] further enhances long-range detection capabilities, particularly against quiet submarines. The submarine also possesses a Type 1007 surface search radar for navigation and surface surveillance.

The *Rubis* is equipped with the DMUX 20 integrated sonar processing system which combines data from the DSUV 2H passive ranging sonar, the DUUA 2D intercept array and the TSM 5423 mine avoidance sonar allowing for effective navigation and threat detection in complex littoral environments. The DR 3000U radar intercept receiver is used to identify and locate surface combatants. The DUUG 5 and DUUG 6 [M5] sonars likely perform close-range navigation and obstacle avoidance. The vessel utilizes both optical and low-light television (LLTV) periscopes for visual surveillance and target identification at periscope depth. The presence of 550mm torpedo tubes provides a potent anti-ship and anti-submarine capability, with the platform likely utilizing F17 or similar torpedoes, and the inclusion of a signal ejector allows for secure communications.

SPECIFICATION: Length: 73.6 m || Beam: 7.6 m || Draft: 6.4 m || Disp: 2400 t

SENSORS: DUUX 2B || DSUV 62A [TSM 2933] || Type 1007 || DMUX 20 [DSUV 2H + DUUA 2D] || DR 3000U || DMUX 20 [TSM 5423] || DUUG 5 || DUUG 6 [M5] || Generic Submarine Periscope, Optical || Generic Submarine Periscope, LLTV

ARMAMENT: 550mm TT || Signal Ejector