ORIGINAL: riley555
Well Becket I believe they were much better in winter conditions than most of the other divisions, and devoted more time and energy into the training of it.
I'm afraid in the absence of evidence I'll have to disagree. At best they were just from a cold area. Glantz's excellent "When Titans Clashed" and Erickson's two-volume work (Road to Stalingrad and Road to Berlin) discuss the use of Siberian reinforcements, Glantz's discussion of the training of the Petsamo divisions, but make no reference to any specialization for winter combat (compare: Glantz's discussion of the preparation & training for the Petsamo invasion). Recall that most of the Central and Northern SU is quite cold & snowy in winter. Also note that Zhukov felt no compulsion to maintain the integrity of those divisions (see: orders in 1942 to disperse eastern ethnicity soldiers among all Operation Mars units).
Again, they were simply manpower that was available after spies in Japan reported that the Japanese were in no position to attack. That the Soviet troops as a whole were better prepared and trained to fight in Winter than the Germans is indisuptable, as would be proven not on in 41, but in subsequent winters.
Note: I suspect the place to look for the definitive answer will be Glantz's new title, Colossus Reborn, the follow-on work to Stumbling Colossus. Whereas the latter work focused on the sorry state of the Red Army on June 22, 1941, the new work focused on how it was rebuilt in the months that followed. Unfortunately, I don't yet have my copy....
Second note: Here's what Rokossovsky had to say regarding the Siberian reinforcements received by 16th Army at the Battle of Moscow: "We were greatly cheered by the arrival of the 78th Infantry Division from Siberia, led by that fine commander Colonel Afanasy Beloborodov. It was made up mainly of Siberians, and even among our gallant soldiers Siberians have always been distinguished for their valour.
The division was fully manned and supplied according to the wartime tables of organisation and equipment." (Rokossovsky, "A Soldier's Duty", Progress Publishers, Moscow 1970, pg. 71.) He then compared the division to the underequipped and undersupplied tank brigades and tank division they received at the same time.
Rokossovsky makes no mention of any specialization of this unit, which was fully integrated into 16th Army. Instead, he notes their reputation for valour, and, in the emphasized portion, that they were a standard rifle division.