Here's how I'd do it.
Endurance is key but not necesssarily the most fuel/cargo efficient.
A large cargo will usally have no problems making most routes but mixing ship types on the route does cause unnecessary problems. When you put together the TF you will know it's fuel status for the trip. Lets say it's fuel requirements for a trip from SF to Aukland is 340/3320 (160) using Isthmain class. They can make the direct round trip at mission/cruise speed with little fuel to spare, but not enough for my liking because it does not take into account and detours it might have to take or speed increase caused by threats. Nor does it take into account damage that reduces it speed and it currently has no escorts.
If you give a Clenson DD escort fuel goes red at 302/320(160).
If you also add a smaller endurance ship just one, say a Lake class the fuel staus drops further into the red 282/320 (160).
Both of theses two smaller ships will slow the convoy down as they will refuel from the large ships.

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I stress these fuel figures are the the direct route as chossen by the AI. You will nearly alway re-route it and that will nearly allows make the trip longer. Lets say we now set two way points, Chistmas Is (that well know refuelling stop) and Rarotonga (Cook Is) as a waypoint and return same route. The first adds nothing to the fueling problem as it is also a direct route, but the second adds two hexes to the trip 282/322(161).
Here are a few thing you can do but all require fuel at some location so pre-planing is required, either fuel stored or an AO.
Refuel at either waypoint. I normally choose the first (last going back) and load minimal. Minimal fuel loads enough to complete the trip plus 10%. But Tactical refuel might be needed.
Refuel at the destination. This based on whatever TF refuelling instuction is. If you don't want the TF to refuel at its destination then 'do not refuel' must be used. Anything else uses fuel that is needed there. Use minimal if anything.
Use an AO. Let throw in a fuel loaded Petoka AO, fuel status remains at 277/322(161). You need to watch it doesn't unload at destination. Various ways to prevent this but all require micromanagement. If you put it in a replen TF and set to to follow then it won't but you now have keepy uppy problems between TF.
In fact none of these options seem to make any difference to fuel status. This is one of those little quirks in the game. The fuel status calculation does not take into account refuelling. Once the refuel occurs however the status is updated.
By far the simplest is the destination refuelling but the preferred is the waypoint refuelling stop.
Note tankers have less endurance so transporting fuel requires more effort