MattOriginally posted by matt.buttsworth
People can be too hard on the German officers. Some but not all were opportunists. Von Stauffenberg was a key officer in organising the Caucasian and Russian troops to fight for the germans demanding that they be humanely treated as equals to German recruits in terms of pay, conditions etc. More than that he campaigned, with Rosenberg and others, for the end of the reign of terror in the SS controlled areas of the USSR, and for people in the occupied areas to be treated decently as potential allies - not untermensch - with proper treatment and the allies gained being Germany's only hope of winning the Russian war. These arguments were tried out in the Caucasus under Von Kleist's command where the German troops behaved totally differently to elsewhere on the Eastern front.
The ideas gained a large following and were put in writing with the argument going as high as the Nazi leadership where Hitler personally rejected them. Racist idiot as he was.
It was only then that Stauffenberg joined the resistence leading to the 1944 plot at which he gave up his life.
He is someone I think who should be honoured and not regarded as an opportunist.
So we aren't talking about underground work of the Social Democratic or Communistic Parties or the student resistance (brothers and sisters Scholl i.e.) but about the conservative resistance (including almost all opposing officers), right? Then let's see who those people were.
1. A lot of them weren't democrats at all.
They feared the Communists more than the Nazis. That's why a lot of them supported Hitler's appointment as Chancelor. He should finish off the communists and lead Germany back to power and after that they would finish off the Nazis (they thought). Did you ever hear about a seriously democratic state that not just banned an extremist party but arrested and murdered a lot of their members? But the Reichswehr didn't raise a hand against all that.
During the war they thought about their post-war Germany. Some of them preferred a military dictatorship, others like Goerdeler (designated chancelor after a successful 1944 revolt) also declined western democracy (just like they always declined the Weimar Republic). Germany should become an authoritarian state like it was 1871-1914 (second empire).
2. They mostly weren't pacifists.
Beck (designated head of state) only feared of loosing a war not of leading (and winning) one! They were realistic enough (unlike Hitler) to realize that Germany couldn't win a war against a large coalition. Nevertheless they wanted Germany to get back the territories lost in 1918. Before the war some of them had talks with foreigners about getting back the lost colonies. Supplementary the Baltics and the Balcans should become german spheres of influence. This would have meant the domination of the european continent for a long time!
As mentioned above they were realists. During the war they saw that Germany couldn't reach that goals and accepted that in order to avoid the total destruction of Germany.
Those people mainly used to think in a traditional imperialistic way and their goals were worlds apart from what (western) Germany became after WWII.
Sacrificing one's life to resist a tyrant shall be honoured. However one have to ask why they didn't try that before 1944?
Six (!) years of pre-war criminal dictatorship and more than 3 years of genocide passed before they reacted seriously! So IMO their hands weren't clean.
The main reason why post-war Germany still remebers the 20th July (means: the conservative resistance) more than what the sisters and brothers Scholl or (the almost forgotten) Georg Elsner did is simply that the 20th July plot is the excuse for the 'official' Germany (politicians, industrialists, nobility and so on) in order to wash their (and their ancestors') bloody hands clean.
Dave