Counter Battery: Crater Analysis

[exsonic01]

https://gooddebate.org/sin/mirror/libra ... TS_49p.pdf
1992 FM appendix for crater analysis

https://www.bits.de/NRANEU/others/amd-u ... 858%29.pdf
1958 FM 6-20
"LOCATION OF HOSTILE GUNS AND HOWITZERS BY CRATER ANALYSIS" from page 151

https://www.trngcmd.marines.mil/Portals ... 144125-603
FM 3-09.12 2002 (old FM 6-121) Check appendix B for crater analysis, how to estimate directional line of possible enemy fire from crater analysis.

It is kinda brilliant, it is able to estimate the linear direction of origin of fire from one crater, then do the same thing for multiple craters, then crossing point or region of multiple directional line from craters are enemy fire position. And it is very old method, it is introduced from 1950s FM. FM 3-09.12 mentioned acoustic target acquisition + crater analysis + information from aerial recon / recon infiltration infantry were used together to estimate.

But of course, these methods would be slow and less accurate then CB radar. But counter battery itself was possible from old techniques. Any old CB mission would be slow and inaccurate but still it was possible.

http://kookbang.dema.kr/newsWeb/m/20110 ... -392458228
This is 2011 ROKA news paper, discuss about crater analysis contest among artillery mans. Google translator translates this to "bullet analysis" so remind "bulelt analysis" in this article should be "crater analysis". 15 minute to finish the estimation of fire location is maximum limit for pass or fail. Well trained artillery guys can finish this far faster then 15 min.

RoKA has been used CB radar from 1990, AN/TPQ-36, 37 series and Arthur-K radar, and soon domestic one will be deployed. But I think they are practicing old methods just in case to prepare any worst case scenarios.