Does anyone else think the USA CV pilots are over skilled for 1941?

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mdiehl
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RE: Does anyone else think the USA CV pilots are over skilled for 1941?

Post by mdiehl »

And again - the RAF. What do you think Spitfire pilots were looking through when they engaged Luftwaffe in 1940? A pair of toilet rolls? No it was a deflection sight. Yes RAF still liked to get behind and put bomber in the MG battery cone but they could deflection shoot. And deployed pre-war. eg 1937ish - Galland (or similar) was on a 'courtesy' visit to RAF station. He expressed interest in an unusual fighter sight. The local CO went cagey as it was new and secret, but some WingCo @rse gave Galland the full demo.

I'm not saying that no one attempted deflection shooting. I'm saying that it was primarily (possibly only) the USN that intensively trained pilots at it. By the way, the gunsight to which you are referring was a range reticled gunsight. Not a deflection compensating gunsight like the K-14. A pilot could use the RAF gunsight of 1940 to estimate range and, with a little knwledge of his gun's trajectories, compensate for the correct lead.

By the way, that was another reason why the RAF was unhappy with initial shipments of the P40. They had a ring and bead type sight.

I want to emphasize that I'm not knocking the RAF. The USAAF learned *ALOT* from the RAF before the US entered the war, so you (and anyone else) ought to have the courtesy not to attribute things to me that I never said, especially when the things you attribute to me are simple-minded straw men that you have fabricated solely to deploy in the context of some non-sequitur sneerly attempt at irony.
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RE: Does anyone else think the USA CV pilots are over skilled for 1941?

Post by strawbuk »

ORIGINAL: mdiehl
Not engaging on rest of this BUT... yes of course because in late 1940 RAF pilots are deeply inexperienced, lack skill and have no understanding and experience of the relative capabilities of the Me109...... Only the USAAF ever get it right, silly me.

You are, indeed, silly and also incorrect. RAF pilots knew ALOT about Me109s by late 1940, having shot down droves of them from July 1940-September 1940. RAF pilots were experienced enough to win the BoB. The problem with their early P40 deliveries was that these were unfamiliar a/c, a little undergunned, and all of the parts did not arrive with them (vis oxy systems, microphone systems, fuel tank liners, and so forth).

The USAAF did lots of things right by December 1941 thanks, to a great extent, by paying attention to the lessons taught to the USAAF by the RAF. Your remark has nothing, however, to do with any of the subjects at hand.


I do hope you just missed the mild sarcasm in my original post - cause you just agreed with me??? I'll make point more clearly relevant (and I do generally agree with thrust of posts but..)- what may stack up technically as a 'better' plane is neither here nor there if local pilots feel it is not right for their role in their theatre and vice versa. May I quote P39s in USSR hands as mediocre plane that found its niche somehow? (that's a rhetorical 'may I'). P40s just 'felt not right'* for those RAF types who flew them (and many interchanged between Spits and Hurris so new aircraft aclimitisation not much on issue for decent pilots).

*apologies for lack of data on the level of 'not rightness' but views from couple of pilot autobios I 've read.


Edit - edited for overlapping with postings mdiehl where as usual non-personally offensive suggestions of minor error, minor fanboyism etc get the big stomp ("simple-minded straw men that you have fabricated" hmm). You know your stuff (allegedly) but perhaps deploy it against disagreeing types with more goodwill.
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RE: Does anyone else think the USA CV pilots are over skilled for 1941?

Post by mdiehl »

But they knew where to search due to intelligence and they detected the enemy fleet one day before, didn´t them?

No, the PBYs operating out of Midway detected the IJN strike force on the morning of the engagement.
Look to the last of the references I posted. The author argues that actually the enemy fleet was detected at 7:45 and what delayed the launching of IJN attack was the exchange of antiship ordnance ordered by Nagumo, and its further reversion. In that case, you cannot say that the USN attack was deliberately timed to catch IJN planes in the deck, as they had no means to know that Nagumo took this fatal decision.

The USN strike was already in the air by the time the IJN located the Yorktown. The decision was made to launch the US aircraft at long range because, based on the (known) timing of the IJN airstrikes on Midway, it was assumed that the IJN TF would be bound up in plane handling operations when the US strike arrived at the target. Two things intervened to mess up both the USN and IJN plans. 1. An IJN course change that led to the range from the US CVs to target being longer than expected (and throwing off almost half of the US airstrike), and 2. Piecemeal attacks initiated by the Midway lba contingent that kept the Japanese a/c milling about longer than they wanted. Now, you can diddle with circumstances and make up any darn new story you want. If you want to delete the harassing effects of the Midway-based strikes (Why you'd do that is questionable. It was a major land base and harassing attacks are a dead certainty no matter how you wrap your mind around it), then I get to delete the IJN's northward turn. In that event, the US strikes arrive coordinated, in their entirety, over minum CAP, with 4 CVs in the process of landing and refueling planes.

It wasn´t as asymetrical as Midway

That is an utterly subjective statement.
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RE: Does anyone else think the USA CV pilots are over skilled for 1941?

Post by mdiehl »

I do hope you just missed the mild sarcasm in my original post - cause you just agreed with me??? I'll make point more clearly relevant (and I do generally agree with thrust of posts but..)- what may stack up technically as a 'better' plane is neither here nor there if local pilots feel it is not right for their role in their theatre and vice versa. May I quote P39s in USSR hands as mediocre plane that found its niche somehow? (that's a rhetorical 'may I'). P40s just 'felt not right'* for those RAF types who flew them (and many interchanged between Spits and Hurris so new aircraft aclimitisation not much on issue for decent pilots).

*apologies for lack of data on the level of 'not rightness' but views from couple of pilot autobios I 've read.

Then our differences are philosophical. Foremost, IMO, pilots accounts are not a very good basis for assessing the relative merits of aircraft, especially since after 60 years we have so much more information at our disposal with respect to overall success rates. More to the point, they anecdotal information is of no value in creating a consim in which one wishes to create a model that produces ballpark correct results played out on the strategic time frame.
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RE: Does anyone else think the USA CV pilots are over skilled for 1941?

Post by Bombur »

ORIGINAL: m10bob

Hi guys...I love this forum and the fact it does attract a bunch of fine folks and good thinkers..
A couple of you have made me do some "refresher reading" today as I hate imparting *opinions* w/o saying it's opinion,and so far I have not expressed an opinion in this thread yet.I have provided my sources and several websites.
I re-read Matuo Fuchida's book a while ago and both Jon_Hal and mdiehl have been correct on their statements ref Midway,(according to Mr Fuchida..)
The Japanese did not have radar yet but they did have a CIC(combat information center) on the ships and while it is true,early morning attacks from land did bring the CAP down,more than 2 hours passed before Torpedo 8 showed up.The CIC *radioed* the CAP leader and ALL FIFTY of the CAP planes went to the deck for those reported 14 planes skimming in.(The CIC did NOT tell them to do so in reporting the 14 skimmers).
These CAP aircraft had been in the air since approx 0545 and had been rotating at times to refuel and get back to altitude,but they ALL went after those 14 torpedo planes,thousands of feet below their normal CAP height..
Fuchida was sick that day but dragged himself to the deck of the Akagi and watched the entire battle lying on the deckhis book "MIDWAY" is not ghost-written,but is his recollection of the battle taken from the notes he was required to transcribe as soon as he returned to Japan.
IMHO(opinion),the rating of a pilot must somehow be represented not just by how well he flies a plane,but by where he flies it and when(especially in this case).
Historical records show the F4F scored 1.5 to 1 over A6M2's,and a total of 7 to 1 over aircraft of all kinds..(See my prior threads for those websites).
The facts I have seen bear out the Japanese had good pilots,but their best by far were Tainan Daitai,(with Ota,Sakai,Nichazawa,etc).This was a land-based A6M2 unit which had been in China..
Those guys were HOT and as feared as Richtofen's "Circus" of a prior war..
The Thach "weave" was not the first "defense by offense formation.It was somewhat of a variation of the Lufbery Circle,(where all planes go into a circle and everybody who maintains speed has a target).First to approach stall out is forced to leave the circle and becomes a shot down plane..

-A small question. The IJN had around 80 A6M´s at Midway. 36 Were used in the Midway attack, and some others were being reserved to escort a naval attack, so I found hard to have the Japanese keeping a 50 A6M2 CAP over their fleet from 7:00 to 10:20. Furthermore, fighters need to land to refuel and rearm, particularly after a battle. A6M´s started to fight at 8:00 and many of them were damaged (assuming a loss of 6 A6M´s due to combat before Tatch arrived and shot down another 4). It´s also necessary to rotate CAP. You cannot land all those planes at the same time because you cannot left you planes withouth CAP. So I find unlikely that the IJN had more than 30 Zeroes in combat at the same time. The article from Dallas Woodbury argues that the A6M2´s that fought VT-8 attacked one hour before the SBD´s arrived and they were short on anmo when the second wave arrived. It was the second wave of TBD´s that lured the A6M2´s to low flight combat, so it´s possible that, when the SBD´s arrived, there were a substantially smaller number of A6M´s in the air than what would be expected. My question here is not who was better or who commited more mistakes, but how continuous waves of attacks can wear down a CAP by attrition, even more than coordinated attacks.

"Though these planes—like the previous two waves—scored no torpedo hits, the Yorktown torpedo bombers lured down to sea level the high-altitude combat air patrol. The Zeros previously on low-level patrol had run out of cannon ammunition while fending off the prior two waves of torpedo bombers. When Commander Clarence W. McClusky’s two squadrons of dive-bombers from Enterprise, along with Lieutenant Commander Maxwell F. Leslie’s squadron from Yorktown, showed up and began their dives shortly after 1020, there were no Zeros to oppose them. Nagumo had run out of time."
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RE: Does anyone else think the USA CV pilots are over skilled for 1941?

Post by mdiehl »

Only the USAAF ever get it right, silly me.

I'm only a little sorry for jumping down your throat. I have no problem with sarcasm. I have a big problem with derived asinine conclusions attributed to me. I never said, implied or suggested that "Only the USAAF ever get it right." Deploying that little non sequitur as though it is something that I've said or might secretly harbor is purely dishonest. Since I've "been there done that" so many times before with people who resort to trying to diss my argument by making up some absurd crap and attirbuting it to me, it is my official policy to avoid the usual diplomatic pro forma escalting quid pro quo and immediately deploy nukes.
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RE: Does anyone else think the USA CV pilots are over skilled for 1941?

Post by Bombur »

The USN strike was already in the air by the time the IJN located the Yorktown. The decision was made to launch the US aircraft at long range because, based on the (known) timing of the IJN airstrikes on Midway, it was assumed that the IJN TF would be bound up in plane handling operations when the US strike arrived at the target.

-This assumption would be wrong if Nagumo didn´t order the ordnance exchange. In that case the IJN could have launched an attack before the SBD´s arrived and their decks would be empty.
In that event, the US strikes arrive coordinated, in their entirety, over minum CAP, with 4 CVs in the process of landing and refueling planes.

-Btw, I don´t want to delete the harassing effects of Midway. I think this is one of the variables that made the battle asymetric
-And in the event of Nagumo didn´t ordered the ordnance exchange, the result would be a mutual destruction battle....

http://www.nwc.navy.mil/press/Review/20 ... t3-Su0.htm
American pride, however, should also be tempered by the realization that sheer luck had much to do with the outcome. Without some incredibly good fortune for the Americans, and some equally bad luck for the Japanese—most notably, the cloud cover that obscured Task Force 17 when Chikuma 5 flew almost right over it at 0630—Nagumo would have gotten his strike force off his carriers. The American carrier force most likely would have been destroyed. The remarkable decoding work that had uncovered the Midway operation and set the stage for an ambush would have been seen, instead, as having led the American carriers into a trap. Had that happened, the course of the war in the Pacific would have been unimaginably different. Such are the fortunes of war.
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RE: Does anyone else think the USA CV pilots are over skilled for 1941?

Post by mdiehl »

Strawbuk -

I know the US data best. Lundstrom suggests that the USN was rather unique in intensively training at deflection shooting. That does not mean that others did not become good at it. If you have some info that indicates that the RAF trained intensively at deflection shooting, I'd like to know about it.

Bombur -
This assumption would be wrong if Nagumo didn´t order the ordnance exchange. In that case the IJN could have launched an attack before the SBD´s arrived and their decks would be empty.


But the assumption would not be wrong if you delete the IJN TF northward turn. In that event the USN airstrikes arrive about an hour sooner. As I said, if you cherry pick your assumptions you can make up any scenario you want.
Btw, I don´t want to delete the harassing effects of Midway. I think this is one of the variables that made the battle asymetric.

Whatever. I just don't see how it matters vis a vis pilot training or quality. It certainly suggests that the operational plan at Midway was poor. I have said in many instances that the chief failure of the Japanese was to have a complex plan that depended on Kido Butai to simultask too many jobs at the same time (although I've not said that in this thread). That is a major reason why I think any Midway engagement comes out usually with a US win. It's a consequence of underlying factors that don't change no matter how much you cherry pick everything else. It's like the patient that complains: "Dr. Every time I hit myself in the skull with this hammer, my head hurts."

That said, the Japanese had the scouting advantage at Coral Sea and LBA accessible from Rabaul. They could have leveled the same harassing attacks at Coral Sea and they were incapable of doing it. Again, nothing to do with pilot or plane quality, but an operational black mark against the Japanese.
And in the event of Nagumo didn´t ordered the ordnance exchange, the result would be a mutual destruction battle....

I don't agree.
American pride, however, should also be tempered by the realization that sheer luck had much to do with the outcome.

American pride does not enter into the logic. Nor does luck. Stuff happens in combat. Any good military planner has to account for the fact that plans will almost never be implemented with perfection. The US plan was solid, simple, and well within the capability of the forces deployed against the Japanese. The IJN plan was complex, depended on perfect implementation of the attacks, perfect scouting and perfect timing, and attempted with insufficient assets for the job. The Japanese knew this even before the battle began, as was indicated by their own pre-operation games. The Japanese did not assume "mutual destruction" in their simulation. They assumed that ONE US CV could ruin their day. Then they ignored their findings.
Without some incredibly good fortune for the Americans, and some equally bad luck for the Japanese—most notably, the cloud cover that obscured Task Force 17 when Chikuma 5 flew almost right over it at 0630—Nagumo would have gotten his strike force off his carriers.

Without Tone #4 scout plane flying a patrol pattern that was not intended, the Japanese would never have spotted ANY USN CVs. By the way, suddenly cloud cover, which you dismissed in re Coral Sea, becomes an important factor. Is this a case of "special pleading" (see aforementioned Baloney Detector).
The American carrier force most likely would have been destroyed.

Subjective claim with no basis in data. The Japanese did not destroy Yorktown by air despite numerous torpedo hits and bomb hits. Lexington was lost primarily because of a damage control error, long after the last Japanese a/c left the scene, when she was apparently in the process of recovering full functionality.
The remarkable decoding work that had uncovered the Midway operation and set the stage for an ambush would have been seen, instead, as having led the American carriers into a trap.

In the "Baloney Detector" kit, this is known as begging the question. In essence, you have argued that "Without the USN decoding success, the US would have lost; but with the USN decoding sucess, the US should have lost." Basically every argument you have offered begins with the premise that the IJN wins, apparently regardless of circumstances.
Had that happened, the course of the war in the Pacific would have been unimaginably different. Such are the fortunes of war.


The war would not have been terribly different. There is a good analysis of the "What if Japan had won at Midway" scenario available at www.combinedfleet.com.
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RE: Does anyone else think the USA CV pilots are over skilled for 1941?

Post by m10bob »

ORIGINAL: Bombur
ORIGINAL: m10bob

Hi guys...I love this forum and the fact it does attract a bunch of fine folks and good thinkers..
A couple of you have made me do some "refresher reading" today as I hate imparting *opinions* w/o saying it's opinion,and so far I have not expressed an opinion in this thread yet.I have provided my sources and several websites.
I re-read Matuo Fuchida's book a while ago and both Jon_Hal and mdiehl have been correct on their statements ref Midway,(according to Mr Fuchida..)
The Japanese did not have radar yet but they did have a CIC(combat information center) on the ships and while it is true,early morning attacks from land did bring the CAP down,more than 2 hours passed before Torpedo 8 showed up.The CIC *radioed* the CAP leader and ALL FIFTY of the CAP planes went to the deck for those reported 14 planes skimming in.(The CIC did NOT tell them to do so in reporting the 14 skimmers).
These CAP aircraft had been in the air since approx 0545 and had been rotating at times to refuel and get back to altitude,but they ALL went after those 14 torpedo planes,thousands of feet below their normal CAP height..
Fuchida was sick that day but dragged himself to the deck of the Akagi and watched the entire battle lying on the deckhis book "MIDWAY" is not ghost-written,but is his recollection of the battle taken from the notes he was required to transcribe as soon as he returned to Japan.
IMHO(opinion),the rating of a pilot must somehow be represented not just by how well he flies a plane,but by where he flies it and when(especially in this case).
Historical records show the F4F scored 1.5 to 1 over A6M2's,and a total of 7 to 1 over aircraft of all kinds..(See my prior threads for those websites).
The facts I have seen bear out the Japanese had good pilots,but their best by far were Tainan Daitai,(with Ota,Sakai,Nichazawa,etc).This was a land-based A6M2 unit which had been in China..
Those guys were HOT and as feared as Richtofen's "Circus" of a prior war..
The Thach "weave" was not the first "defense by offense formation.It was somewhat of a variation of the Lufbery Circle,(where all planes go into a circle and everybody who maintains speed has a target).First to approach stall out is forced to leave the circle and becomes a shot down plane..

-A small question. The IJN had around 80 A6M´s at Midway. 36 Were used in the Midway attack, and some others were being reserved to escort a naval attack, so I found hard to have the Japanese keeping a 50 A6M2 CAP over their fleet from 7:00 to 10:20. Furthermore, fighters need to land to refuel and rearm, particularly after a battle. A6M´s started to fight at 8:00 and many of them were damaged (assuming a loss of 6 A6M´s due to combat before Tatch arrived and shot down another 4). It´s also necessary to rotate CAP. You cannot land all those planes at the same time because you cannot left you planes withouth CAP. So I find unlikely that the IJN had more than 30 Zeroes in combat at the same time. The article from Dallas Woodbury argues that the A6M2´s that fought VT-8 attacked one hour before the SBD´s arrived and they were short on anmo when the second wave arrived. It was the second wave of TBD´s that lured the A6M2´s to low flight combat, so it´s possible that, when the SBD´s arrived, there were a substantially smaller number of A6M´s in the air than what would be expected. My question here is not who was better or who commited more mistakes, but how continuous waves of attacks can wear down a CAP by attrition, even more than coordinated attacks.

"Though these planes—like the previous two waves—scored no torpedo hits, the Yorktown torpedo bombers lured down to sea level the high-altitude combat air patrol. The Zeros previously on low-level patrol had run out of cannon ammunition while fending off the prior two waves of torpedo bombers. When Commander Clarence W. McClusky’s two squadrons of dive-bombers from Enterprise, along with Lieutenant Commander Maxwell F. Leslie’s squadron from Yorktown, showed up and began their dives shortly after 1020, there were no Zeros to oppose them. Nagumo had run out of time."
Hi Bombur!.....
That number "50" for the CAP is not mine,it is Fuchida's,and if I recall correctly (from yesterday),there were not that many IJN planes damaged at Midway proper.
Please don't make me dig the book out again.[:)](I will if I have to,but the thread is still about USN pilot ratings,not how Midway was fought(or mis-fought).[:'(]
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RE: Does anyone else think the USA CV pilots are over skilled for 1941?

Post by m10bob »

Just a bit of trivia here...The Polikarpov I-15 biplane actually came out AFTER the I-16 monoplane fighter,(so the number of wings did not in itself make a fighter less or more effective).
IIRC the Gloster Gladiator did sterling work in the very early war months as nothing could turn with it long enough to keep it in their sites!
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RE: Does anyone else think the USA CV pilots are over skilled for 1941?

Post by byron13 »

ORIGINAL: Bombur
The USN strike was already in the air by the time the IJN located the Yorktown. The decision was made to launch the US aircraft at long range because, based on the (known) timing of the IJN airstrikes on Midway, it was assumed that the IJN TF would be bound up in plane handling operations when the US strike arrived at the target.

-This assumption would be wrong if Nagumo didn´t order the ordnance exchange. In that case the IJN could have launched an attack before the SBD´s arrived and their decks would be empty.

And his assumption was based on an incorrect position report for the U.S. Fleet. Based on the spot report Nagumo believed the U.S. could not launch until about an hour after they did, which led Nagumo to believe he had time to re-arm.
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RE: Does anyone else think the USA CV pilots are over skilled for 1941?

Post by Charles2222 »

ORIGINAL: strawbuk
ORIGINAL: mdiehl

I'm not sure what "RAF Operational Data" you are using as source material. I do know that the RAF had harsh words about early lend-lease a/c sent to the UK in 1940.

Since the USAAF seems to have had different results, on the whole US operational studies showing that the P40 was better than the ME109 (which is, to no one's surprise, consistent with the technical merits of the aircraft), the UK studies are either wrong or UK pilots weren't as skilled as USAAF pilots.

Not engaging on rest of this BUT... yes of course because in late 1940 RAF pilots are deeply inexperienced, lack skill and have no understanding and experience of the relative capabilities of the Me109...... Only the USAAF ever get it right, silly me.

So let's see what my little book of Fighter Aircraft of World War II comes up with.

(B)P40C (C)P40F (D)P40N vs. the ME109's with the variant in parenthesis such as (K):

Maximum speed:
P40's- (B)345MPH (C)364MPH (D)343MPH
ME109's- (B-1)292MPH (D)323MPH (E)348-354MPH (F-3)390MPH (G)353 to 428MPH (K-4)452MPH

Initial Climb:
P40's- (B)2650ft (C)2400ft (D)2120ft
ME109's- (B-1)2200ft (E)3100 to 3280ft (G)2700 to 4000ft (K-4)4823ft

Service Ceiling:
P40's- All about 30000ft
ME109's- (B-1)26575ft (E)34450 to 36090ft (F&G)Around 38000ft (K-4)41000ft

Internal Fuel Range:
P40's- (B)730 (C)610 (D)750
ME109's- All 365-460

As for armanents, particularly for the ME109's the variance is quite extensive and one can look that up if one would think the P40 has some huge edge there.

So, which one is better? [:D]

BTW, one comment form the book about the Curtiss Hawks after talking about the F model (such that it was talking about it or the following N model) they said:
Great efforts were made to reduce weight and improve performance, because the whole family was fundamentally outclassed by the other front-line fighters on both sides; but, predictably, weight kept rising.
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RE: Does anyone else think the USA CV pilots are over skilled for 1941?

Post by Hipper »

mdiehl

if you are interested in the activities of the desert air force on of the more accessable books is to the Right of the line By John Terraine about the RAF in the european & africa in WW 11 the official history states the situation in rather more detail IGSO Playfair Mediterainian and Middle east vols 1 to 111 cover the period in question... Probably tricky to get hold of in the States but Terraines book should be available.

The problem as the RAF saw it in the desert in 1941 & 42 was that their aircraft Hurricanes and various marks of P40's Tomahawks I - III as they were called in RAF service could mach the opposing me109's at altitude this advantage allowed the german pilots to pick their fights and shoot down more Tomahawks and Hurricanes than they lost in return
various measures were taken to counteract this ... low level fighter sweeps and standing patrols over the german airfields were the most common but nothing could counteract the height advantage of the german fighters.

Now By late 1942 and the Torch landings in North Africa there were sufficient fighters available which could take on the 109s at altitude, enabling the USAF pilots to make the most of their planes qualities vs the 109.

(I'm interested in any sources or general works about the USAF in north africa)

Now this is important because WITP or WITM does not make performance bands for altitude so we must try to take an average view of aircraft performance ( I would be very happy if altitude bands were inserted to the aircraft performance but its a lot of work to please pedants like me)

Given that we have to take an average view of aircraft performance I propose that in any future WITM the 109's were sufficiently superior to the P40's to give them a noticeable edge in combat. Otherwise the RAF will wipe out the German air power in the desert ( they significantly, outnumbered the germans and I dont believe there was any noticeable difference in pilot quality between the two airforces) prior to late 1942 which is a noticably ahistoric outcome.

cheers

PS how much of speed advantage did the P40 have over the 109 below 17000 ft.
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RE: Does anyone else think the USA CV pilots are over skilled for 1941?

Post by mogami »

Hi, 50xA6M2 on CAP is much too high. (There were only 90 total. 1/3 were in reserve to escort strike if carriers found. And each CV sent 9 with the Midway strike. (30 as escort and 36 to Midway=66 90-66=24 max for CAP and my sources (Prange state 18 A6M2 were launched as CAP. ) (most likely each CV sent 9 to Midway and held 9 in reserve.
Kaga 6 left Agaki 6 left Hiryu 3 left Soryu 3 left = 18 total A6M2 for CAp and of this 18 they would need to be landing and refueling a few at a time during the day.
When the USN F4F show up the Japanese CAP is out of ammo and low on fuel and sitting ducks.

The Midway strike was composed of the newer pilots with the old veterans held in reserve for the counter CV strike. The best IJN pilots saw no action at battle of Midway . Of course Hiryu had all her reserve (good) pilots for her strike and they scored hits

What ever the number assigned to CAP it has to be a multiple of 3 because Japanese fighters flew in 3 man formations. (I think their bomb/torpedo attacks should be in groups of 3 not 4. The USN flew in 4 plane groups)
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RE: Does anyone else think the USA CV pilots are over skilled for 1941?

Post by Bombur »

And his assumption was based on an incorrect position report for the U.S. Fleet. Based on the spot report Nagumo believed the U.S. could not launch until about an hour after they did, which led Nagumo to believe he had time to re-arm.

-Yes, you´re correct. There is a lot of possible variables that could have changed the outcome of the battle. The Tone 4 had committed a navigational error.
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RE: Does anyone else think the USA CV pilots are over skilled for 1941?

Post by Bombur »

ORIGINAL: Mogami

Hi, 50xA6M2 on CAP is much too high. (There were only 90 total. 1/3 were in reserve to escort strike if carriers found. And each CV sent 9 with the Midway strike. (30 as escort and 36 to Midway=66 90-66=24 max for CAP and my sources (Prange state 18 A6M2 were launched as CAP. ) (most likely each CV sent 9 to Midway and held 9 in reserve.
Kaga 6 left Agaki 6 left Hiryu 3 left Soryu 3 left = 18 total A6M2 for CAp and of this 18 they would need to be landing and refueling a few at a time during the day.
When the USN F4F show up the Japanese CAP is out of ammo and low on fuel and sitting ducks.

The Midway strike was composed of the newer pilots with the old veterans held in reserve for the counter CV strike. The best IJN pilots saw no action at battle of Midway . Of course Hiryu had all her reserve (good) pilots for her strike and they scored hits

What ever the number assigned to CAP it has to be a multiple of 3 because Japanese fighters flew in 3 man formations. (I think their bomb/torpedo attacks should be in groups of 3 not 4. The USN flew in 4 plane groups)

-This article has an interesting report of CAP activities on Akagi. By multiplying it to four you can have an estimate of total CAP
http://www.nwc.navy.mil/press/Review/20 ... d1-su1.htm

0543—launch CAP (three fighters) total:3

0655—launch CAP (three fighters) total:6

0659—recover CAP (three fighters) total:3

0710—launch CAP (five fighters) total:8

0720—recover CAP (one fighter) total:7

0726—recover CAP (one fighter) total:6

0736—recover CAP (three fighters) total: 3

0750—recover CAP (two fighters) total: 1

0808—launch CAP (three fighters) total: 4

0832—launch CAP (four fighters) total: 8

0837–0900—recover Midway attack force plus three CAP fighters total: 5

0910—recover CAP (one fighter) total: 4

0932—launch CAP (five fighters) total: 9

0945—launch CAP (three fighters) total: 12

0951—recover CAP (two fighters) total: 10

1010—recover CAP (three fighters). total: 7

-This will result in an average of 30 fighters flying CAP. Hmmm....maybe WiTP should include a penalty for coordination of large CV TF´s, just like the old PW. What do you think about this, Mogami?
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RE: Does anyone else think the USA CV pilots are over skilled for 1941?

Post by Bombur »

I have said in many instances that the chief failure of the Japanese was to have a complex plan that depended on Kido Butai to simultask too many jobs at the same time (although I've not said that in this thread). That is a major reason why I think any Midway engagement comes out usually with a US win. It's a consequence of underlying factors that don't change no matter how much you cherry pick everything else. It's like the patient that complains: "Dr. Every time I hit myself in the skull with this hammer, my head hurts."

-Hi, I agree that the most probable outcome in Midway would have been a USA victory, due to the very conception of the plan. What I argue is that a draw was also possible based on Isom´s article.

I don't agree.

-Why?
American pride does not enter into the logic. Nor does luck. Stuff happens in combat. Any good military planner has to account for the fact that plans will almost never be implemented with perfection. The US plan was solid, simple, and well within the capability of the forces deployed against the Japanese. The IJN plan was complex, depended on perfect implementation of the attacks, perfect scouting and perfect timing, and attempted with insufficient assets for the job. The Japanese knew this even before the battle began, as was indicated by their own pre-operation games. The Japanese did not assume "mutual destruction" in their simulation. They assumed that ONE US CV could ruin their day. Then they ignored their findings.

-Agree, already said this about their plan, and even mentioned the wargames. Read again my posts. This opinion I placed here is from Isom, not mine.

The war would not have been terribly different. There is a good analysis of the "What if Japan had won at Midway" scenario available at www.combinedfleet.com.

-The final result would had been the same, but a counteroffensive would have been delayed for 1 year, thus increasing the duration of war.
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RE: Does anyone else think the USA CV pilots are over skilled for 1941?

Post by Bombur »

I will make a reassesment of my positions, since some of them are flawed. My point is that there are many possible factors involved in the possible outcome of a CV battle, from battle planning to the quality of torpedoes used. We could easily mention 20 or more variables that could be very important, but it´s impossible the determination of the relative importance of each variable. A statistical approach to the problem (multivariate analysis) is not possible, since we have only 5 CV battles whose result could have been studied, and most variables are linked (they are always on the same side, the USA aren´t allowed to exchange torpedo bombers with IJN to see how the results change). So, I think it´s impossible to say what planes/pilots are better. Even , for instance, the superiority of the Kate over the TBD must be questioned. Maybe if the torpedoes were exchanged, the results would have been quite different, and, as I said before, Kates would have been decimated in the same way the TBD´s were, in the event of an unescorted attack. When I argued that it would be better not to count Midway FOR COMPARISON OF AIRCREWS, it was because I consider that other factors were more important in determining the outcome of the battle (I personally think that the truth is halfway between mdhiel and Isom´s opinions-the plan was very risky but still a draw was possible-however, an operational planning where a draw is the best result is not very wise). However, to exclude or include Midway is irrelevant, as the relative influence of aircrews in combat cannot be calculated anyway. Maybe it would be possible to evaluate aircrew quality by other variables, like % of bomb hits or results of air to air combat, but even those are influenced by concurrent factors. My definite answer to the relative abilities of aircrews is I DON´T KNOW, and it´s impossible to know it. What is possible for an wargame designer is to create aproximate values that produce plausible results (althought what is plausible or not also is variable from one´s judgement to another)
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RE: Does anyone else think the USA CV pilots are over skilled for 1941?

Post by mogami »

Hi, Considering the early intell and knowledge of where the IJN CV would be and when The USN CV should have been able to launch a single 200 plane strike and catch the IJN in the process of landing the Midway strike force. The USN should have wiped out the IJN in a first strike with no response and with much less loss to USN aircrew.
The battle was badly handled and almost allowed certain victory to slip away. It was by the narrowest margin that the USN pilots saved the day. I would never have used Fletcher to command a CV TF after Midway had I been Nimitz.
I think had Fletcher been in sole command of all 3 USN CV the USN would have lost the battle.
Fletcher today would be remembered as the US Navy's McClellan (failing to destroy an enemy force even though he had the enemy plan well in advance)
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RE: Does anyone else think the USA CV pilots are over skilled for 1941?

Post by Bombur »

ORIGINAL: Mogami

Hi, Considering the early intell and knowledge of where the IJN CV would be and when The USN CV should have been able to launch a single 200 plane strike and catch the IJN in the process of landing the Midway strike force. The USN should have wiped out the IJN in a first strike with no response and with much less loss to USN aircrew.
The battle was badly handled and almost allowed certain victory to slip away. It was by the narrowest margin that the USN pilots saved the day. I would never have used Fletcher to command a CV TF after Midway had I been Nimitz.
I think had Fletcher been in sole command of all 3 USN CV the USN would have lost the battle.
Fletcher today would be remembered as the US Navy's McClellan (failing to destroy an enemy force even though he had the enemy plan well in advance)

-Another interesting what is if point of view...but is it possible to coordinate a 200 plane attack with an hetrogeneous force including the slower and short ranged TBD´s?
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