RHS and WITP Transport Theory (Revised)

[el cid again]

A challenge to the range/lift data of the C-46 has caused a review. This has led to a better way to model transport capacity in RHS.

We decided to model operational ranges - and adjusted transfer range to get that right.

We now will model operational cargo - and adjust maximum cargo to get that right.

Note that unlike other aircraft, WITP transports carry cargo to half their game transfer range. Normal range and extended range are ignored (but still reported in the player display normally). Instead of 33% of transfer range as shown, you get 50% - and that for the full cargo - not a reduced load. In RHS this range is 42% of what would otherwise be the transfer range, and you don't get full transfer range. Now both load and operational range will be right, in a statistical normal sense.

Values contemplated:

C-32 (etc) 210/156 (max/cruise) mph for 323 minutes = 14/7 hexes (transfer/operational range) with 3960 pounds (18 troops)
C-46 269/235 mph for 376 minutes = 24/12 hexes with 8800 pounds (40 troops)
C-47 229/185 mph for 390 minutes = 20/10 hexes with 6160 pounds (28 troops)
C-54 280/239 mph for 904 minutes = 60/30 hexes with 9240 pounds (42 troops)
C-60 253/200 mph for 442 minutes = 24/12 hexes with 3080 pounds (14 troops)
C-87 306/188 mph for 969 minutes = 50/25 hexes with 6000 pounds (25 troops)
CG-4 x2 + C-47 180/120 mph for 360 minutes = 12/6 hexes with 11,880 pounds (54 troops)
JRM-1 221/167 mph for 1440 minutes = 66/22 hexes with 29,620 pounds (133 troops)
Empire 200/166 mph for 694 minutes = 32/10 hexes with 5280 pounds (24 troops)
Dakota 230/185 mph for 448 minutes = 23/11 hexes with 6160 pounds (28 troops)
Li-2VP 188/152 mph for 522 minutes = 22/11 hexes with 5280 pounds (24 troops)
TB-3 179/131 mph for 1176 minutes = 42/14 hexes with 8800 pounds (40 troops)
L2D2 220/161 mph for 596 minutes = 26/13 hexes with 4620 pounds (21 troops)
L3Y1 216/161 mph for 877 minutes = 39/19 hexes with 1980 pounds (9 troops)
G5N2-L 261/240 mph for 635 minutes = 40/20 hexes with 8800 pounds (40 troops)
Ki-34/L1N1 224/193 mph for 232 minutes = 12/6 hexes with 1760 pounds (8 troops)
Ki-56/LO 260/214 mph for 366 minutes = 22/11 hexes with 2640 pounds (12 troops)
Ki-57 292/218 mph for 496 minutes = 30/15 hexes (11 troops)
2xKu-8 + Ki-57 139/124 mph for 349 minutes = 12/6 hexes with 11005 pounds (40 troops) Note 10
H6K2-L 207/150 mph for 1369 minutes = 57/19 hexes with 6160 pounds (18 troops) Notes 11 & 12
H8K2-L 261/184 mph for 1145 minutes = 58/19 hexes with 14,080 pounds (64 troops) Note 11

C-32 game range = 840 miles corresponding to a 913 IRL (so the cargo range is right)
C-46 game range = 1440 miles corresponding to 1565 IRL
C-47 game range = 1200 miles corresponding to 1304 IRL
C-54 game range = 3600 miles corresponding to 3913 IRL
C-60 game range = 1440 miles corresponding to 1565 IRL
C-87 game range = 3000 miles corresponding to 3260 IRL Note 1
CG-4x2 + C-47 = 720 miles corresponding to 783 IRL Note 2
JRM-1 game range = 3960 miles corresponding to 4304 IRL Note 3
Empire game range = 1920 miles corresponding to 1766 IRL Note 4
Dakota game range = 1380 miles corresponding to 1500 IRL Note 5
Li-2VP game range = 1320 miles corresponding to 1434 IRL Note 6
TB-3 game range = 2520 miles corresponding to 2739 IRL Note 7
L2D2 game range = 1560 miles corresponding to 1695 IRL Note 8
L3Y1 game range = 2340 miles corresponding to 2543 IRL
G5N2-L game range = 2400 miles corresponding to 2608 IRL Note 9
Ki-32/L1N1 game range = 720 miles corresponding to 783 IRL
Ki-56/LO game range = 1320 miles corresponding to 1435 IRL
Ki-57 game range = 1800 miles corespondding to 1956 IRL
2xKu-8 + Ki-21 range = 720 miles corresponding to 783 IRL
H6K2-L game range = 3420 miles corresponding to 4717 IRL.
H8K2-L game range = 3480 miles corresponding to 3783 IRL.

Note 1: The C-87 cargo for "transoceanic missions" was 6000 pounds, but it only had 25 seats. By weight, using 100 kg per man normal in air calculations, that corresponds to 27 troop capacity.
Note 2: The CG-4x2 + C-47 "combination" is a "tug" towing two gliders.
Note 3: JRM-1 is the Mars Flying Boat in transport configuration. It gives you only 33% of range, which has been adjusted. It only flies as a transport, but is rated as a patrol plane so it will behave as a flying boat (ie no base required).
Note 4: Empire is the S.23 Empire Flying Boat - only in British and Aussie civil service in RHS It gives you only 33% of range. Naturally we adjusted so it is right. Some are armed, but this is regarded as a transport. Still, it will patrol and it does not need a developed airfield to operate.
Note 5: The Dakota is more or less a C-47, but typical of British practice it was not operated with the same performance - in this case interestingly it was slightly faster but had significantly more practical range.
Note 6: The Li-2VP was a bomber/transport variation of the C-47. It carries less payload and is significantly slower,
but it has a turret and IRL could also carry bombs.
Note 7: The TB-3 is also the ANT-6 ex heavy bomber still in service in the Soviet Far East as a transport - or as a patrol plane - and it gives you 33% of range for cargo like all flying boats - but NOT adjusted because it flies also in armed patrol mode. Technically a land plane, we rate it as a flying boat because (a) it does naval patrol and (b) we want it to also be a troop transport - which it does for a different air force. Only a flying boat can do armed bombing missions and be a troop transport. Players should ALWAYS operate it from a level 3 or higher airfield.
Note 8: The L2D2 is a modified and licenced C-47 design with less capacity and run at a slower speed to achieve more range.
Note 9: This aircraft was developed from the same DC-4E as the C-54 was - but was not as efficient. Like the licence produced DC-2s and DC-3s, it was legally sold to Japan.
Note 10: The 2xKu-8 + Ki-21 is a "combination" with a tug towing two gliders. Unlike the Allied combination, the tug is an ex bomber vice a transport - and it drops weapons cannesters rather than troops. The weight total corresponds to transporting 50 troops. Note the combination range is exactly the same as for the Allies, and the cargo is similar, but the speed is much less.
Note 11: These are transport flying boats rated as patrol aircraft so they will be able to behave like flying boats - and you get 33% of the range for cargo like all flying boats. It is adjusted because they are not armed so the operational range is correct.
Note 12: While only 18 seats were provided, there was an additional cargo compartment which could accommodate at least 10 more, so the total payload represents the equal of 28 troops.

[el cid again]

The basic standard load here is one passenger = 1/10 of a metric ton = 220 pounds. This is a standard logistical rule and gives a sense of the weight of a transport cargo when it is volume limited. Passenger information is available for most transport types.

Game ranges must be in terms of 60 mile incriments - so they won't match up with real endurance perfectly. True transports have their ranges decreased by 8% over reality - so operational range is properly calculated by code. But flying boats cum transports have their ranges increased by 9% over reality - again so operational range is properly calculated by code. The Forum decided operational range has priority. This increased the range of all aircraft types except fighters (which were left as is - code values are right for fighters) and transports (which had too much range compared to ferry ranges).

[el cid again]

Note that true (that is armed) patrol flying boats also act as true transport aircraft. But - unlike other transports - you get only 33% of transfer range for transport duty. These include

H6K4 3528 pounds (= 16 troops) for 62/20 hexes.
H8K2 4408 pounds (= 20 troops) for 86/28 hexes.
Catalina 4000 pounds (= 20 troops) for 63/21 hexes.
DO-24K 2642 pounds (= 12 troops) for 62/20 hexes.
Sunderland 4960 pounds (= 22 troops) for 63/21 hexes.
PBM Mariner 2100 pounds (= 9 troops) for 45/15 hexes.
PBN/PBY/GST 4000 pounds (= 20 troops) for 54/18 hexes.
PBY-5 4000 pounds (= 20 troops) for 63/21 hexes.
PB2Y-3 Coronado 12432 pounds (= 56 troops) for 55/18 hexes. Note 1

Note 1: The Coronado masquarades - in unarmed form - as the Boeing 314 Clipper in two detachments - one USAAF and one USN. The USAAF detachment includes aircraft formerly serving the US Army. All these aircraft are civil Pan Am crewed under military contracts - a lot like the DNKKK flying boats on the other side. Originally RHS used the Empire Flying Boat to simulate the Boeing 314, but the Coronado is closer to its range/payload performance. Searching with these aircraft is legitimate. They could be upgraded to other flying boats - but should not be.
Note 2: We do not have control over the transport capacity of true patrol flying boats - it is a function of their maximum weapons load - which is used by code both for transport capacity. The values we have are reasonable, however.