Turkey's main army should be some multiple of 3 corps: 6, 9, 12, 27 (
Prussia has very good corps, but lousy leadership. Until Blucher, that is. Before he shows up, Prussia should cower in an unreachable corner of the nation and hope to last. Once Blucher shows up, Prussia can take any corps, except the big ones should always be present.
Etc.
Now, a couple of notes:
For nations which have true guard, the guard should ALWAYS be with the main army. Artillery, not so much "always" as "mostly". The reason the guard is essential is to prevent huge losses. Yes, they provide better morale, and yes, they can turn the tide of battle from middling showing to victory. But, their real benefit is to prevent huge losses. (This is true in the game, not necessarily historically.) Every player with guard should check the tables as that nation gets closer to losing. A point may come when loss is inevitable, but a mutual breaking is not. However, a commitment of the guard can sometimes turn what looks like a rout into a minor loss, and sometimes turn a minor loss into a mutual break.
Army size: Always have a multiple of the good leader's rating, when possible. This is the point just below where the tactical rating will slip by one. For instance, at 1-6 corps, Nappy's rating is a 5, but the 7th corps makes him a 4. So does the 8th, 9th, etc., all the way to 12. Why take 7 corps when 12 will do?
Note the previous entry also applies to forces which are depending on reinforcement. Say, Davout attacks Charles with 2 corps. If Nappy intends to reinforce in, having 4 corps with him is ideal, as that makes him spot on his tactical maximum of 6.
Some leaders simply have too small a tactical maximum rating for this to work. Wellington is a 5/5, but only with 3 or fewer corps. Not incredibly useful against Le Grande Armee'. So, sometimes the above gets tweaked a bit. Khan, Ali, Kutusov, Bagration, etc., also suffer from this ailment to a degree.
The key in "number of corps" is to know the enemy: How many corps will you be up against? (Don't forget about HIS turn, either!) A 3 tactical rating is just as good as a 4 against Nappy. On the other hand, when his move comes around, your having a 3 means he can double-stack to a 4 rating. So, be careful with this.

