First night over Kosovo (1999)

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blu3s
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First night over Kosovo (1999)

Post by blu3s »

Operation Allied Force - First night over Kosovo

Image

Introduction:
This wargame is inspired by the first night of Operation Allied Force, conducted by NATO against Serbia. In this scenario, players assume the role of the U.S. Air Tasking Order (ATO) officer. For simplicity, this scenario does not include any air units from the NATO ATO.

Objective:
Players must destroy a series of strategic targets determined by the NAC (North Atlantic Council), with a special focus on Serbian IADS facilities. Victory points (VPs) are earned by destroying targets from the Master Target List, which assigns different targets and VPs values to each target. Avoiding the loss of friendly units and collateral damage against Civilian units is crucial, as it results in significant penalties. The scenario is divided into two phases, the first to gather intelligence to prepare the strikes and the second to make the first incursion into Serbian territory.

Scenario Rules and Features:
  • NATO Master Target List: At the start, a detailed list of targets is provided, appearing as fixed locations on the map. You will access this Target List during the scenario, via an Special Action. A feature that allows viewing and managing all targets, saving notes.
  • Serbian Defenses: Serbian SAM defenses are organized by sectors, each with its own SAM battalions, communication nodes, EW radars, and a command center. Destroying the communication node temporarily affects the sector's communications. Destroying the C2 center result in a penalization in OODA values for the radars and TELs. Serbian IADS have some Communication Jammers disperse along the territory with an effective radius of ~30nmi. Serbian mobility SAMs can only be spotted when there are fully deployed. That means than when SAM's are moving from one location to another they won't appear.
  • Complexity Levels: The scenario offers three levels of complexity, from the simplest (level 1) to the most complex (level 3). The complexity level affects not only the number of units but other settings of the scenario.
U.S. Communications Management:
  • ABCC (Airborne Command and Control): Maintaining robust communication links is crucial for operational success. Players need to strategically deploy communication assets to ensure uninterrupted contact with all units. In this scenario you have two aircrafts, EC-130E and E-8 JSTARS to serve as airborne command and control centers. They are essential for relaying orders, sharing intelligence, and coordinating strikes. The effectiveness of communication depends on the positioning of these assets relative to the units they support. The Serbs have set up several jamming stations to interfere with Allied communications.
  • Out of Comms Protocol: If a unit’s communication level falls below a certain threshold (which varies based on the difficulty level and other factors) due to Serbian jammers, it enters an "Out of Comms" state. In this state, the unit loses its Situational Awareness (SA) and is automatically ordered to return to the base.
Jamming Operations:
  • EC-130H Communications Jamming: EC-130H Compass Call can disrupt enemy communications in a range of aprox 200nmi. Can jam up to 36 hostile units (depending on the complexity of the scenario).
  • EA-6B Prowler. Reduced Detection and Targeting Delay.
    The Prowler is capable of significantly increasing the enemy’s radar and SAM detection and targeting times.
    The Prowler’s jamming effectiveness is constrained by its distance from enemy units and its bearing relative to them. Its maximum operational range is within 80 nautical miles and with a bearing of ±15 degrees of enemy units.
SIGINT:
  • RC-135V: Through the RC-135 Rivet Join you are able to collect information on Serbian communications. Information will appear as bark notifications on the tactical map of the approximate location of where these interceptions take place. This adds important information on the area where important Serbian units are located. To get this info you'll need a Rivet Join in the AO, the precision of the info reported will depend on the distance between the Rivet Join and the assets doing the comms
Note: The effectiveness of both communication and jamming operations is influenced by various factors, including the scenario's complexity level and randomness of the enviroment. If a jammer have an effective radio of 40nmi it means that at 50nmi could cause interferences.


Additional Details:
  • It's mandatory to activate special messages to access briefings and relevant information.
  • The scenario generates randomly at the first second of the game, except for airbases. So every game it's a new scenario, with different locations of targets, little difference in force composition and enemy behaviour.
  • Additional units offer various bonuses, explained during the game.
Beta Version Disclaimer

Please note that this wargame scenario is currently in beta. Participants might encounter lua scripting errors. I am committed (when time permits) to refining the experience, with planned updates to enhance gameplay and address any issues. Your feedback is invaluable for these improvements.

References:
[1] NATO's Air War for Kosovo - A Strategic and Operational Assessment https://www.rand.org/pubs/monograph_reports/MR1365.html

[2] 10 percent true - F-15E in the Balkans Part 1 to 4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eD9s0Eb6c7U

[3] Opeartion Allied Force - OOB https://www.globalsecurity.org/military ... _orbat.htm

----TO DO----
+Ability to coordinate TLAM strikes with USN
+Based on SIGINT/ELINT/IMINT level, ability to receive intelligence reports on Serbian IADS hierachy
+Once a SAM loss his FCR or Search Radar, SAM is killed (so you don't waste precious HARMs in things that can not fire)
+Random Events in scenario (mainly related to create opportunity targets if good ISR over Serbia)
----v007-----
-Tweaks and typos on Briefing and Description
-Handled when Serbia fires first you're allowed to fire with no penalty
-Thresholds for scoring added
-B2 Satellite Comms (does not need a JSTARS or EC-130E to maintain comms)
Attachments
First Night Over Kosovo v007.zip
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Nikel
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Re: First night over Kosovo (1999)

Post by Nikel »

Thank you.

A lot of time and stuff was packed in 170 kb!

When I was happily approaching the targets with one of my Death companions, suddenly, out of comms.

Is it how these Spirits work? :shock:
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blu3s
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Re: First night over Kosovo (1999)

Post by blu3s »

I had doubts whether to apply the need to maintain a communication link between the ABCCs and the B-2s.

I will probably remove them in the next update but for now you will need an ABCC (the EC-130 or the JSTARS) close to the area of operations so that the enemy jammers don't leave you out of comms ;)
Nikel
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Re: First night over Kosovo (1999)

Post by Nikel »

I have 2 EC-130s over Croatia, E and H, closer?

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blu3s
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Re: First night over Kosovo (1999)

Post by blu3s »

If the range between EC-130E (H only for Comm Jamm) and the aircrafts is below 200nmi you should not have problems (unless you overflies the jammer that could be a little chance to be jammed)
Nikel
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Re: First night over Kosovo (1999)

Post by Nikel »

OK, thanks. I see it was lost when the distance was greater than 200 nm.

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This is the first time it happens to me, so my surprise.

What is the aircraft supposed to be doing? I was going to micromanage the targeting.
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blu3s
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Re: First night over Kosovo (1999)

Post by blu3s »

It is simply simulating the need to have a C2 platform in flight and that the absence of this can translate into a loss of situational awarenes due to enemy jamming (in real life it also provided the targeting information when troop movements, SAMs, etc appeared/detected in Serbia) Here I have done it to give a use to these platforms that in most scenarios are not very useful :)
Nikel
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Re: First night over Kosovo (1999)

Post by Nikel »

OK.

As expected my first blitzkrieg try was a complete disaster and was even fired, I guess a court martial awaits me :shock:


Image



These messages are very nice, however they are not completely compatible with the message log right now. These parts should not be displayed, this is a problem of the game, of course, not of the scenario. As you are part of CMO team, I will comment more here.

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Another problem of the game showed by your scenario

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And also the crashing with the scenario minimap.


Suggestions in the description:

NAC add "(North Atlantic Council)". Also add the meaning for OODA?

VPs.

30nmi, should be 30 nm? As in the game?

Though apparently nmi is more correct.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nautical_mile

EC-130 and E-8 JSTARS, this should be the EC-130E?


For the briefing:

Right now is the same description text. I suggest use introduction, additional details and beta disclaimer in the description.

And the rest for the briefing.


The title of the scenario above the menus is "on Kosovo", should be "over Kosovo".


What references did you use?

I found:

https://www.rand.org/pubs/monograph_reports/MR1365.html

https://www.helion.co.uk/conflicts/nato ... 27ec53fa43


Not published yet:

https://www.ospreypublishing.com/uk/ope ... 472860323/
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blu3s
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Re: First night over Kosovo (1999)

Post by blu3s »

Hi Nikel, first of all thanks for all the feedback, I really appreciate it.
Nikel wrote: Sun Apr 28, 2024 8:33 pm
These messages are very nice, however they are not completely compatible with the message log right now. These parts should not be displayed, this is a problem of the game, of course, not of the scenario.
Yes, the CMO log shows the raw message and since it's basically a HTML page that's the code. The solution would be to uncheck the display of special messages in the log, or filter them.

Regarding the InputBox, yes there's a problem with the resize of the window, I hope it gets resolve soon, if not, I'm considering switching to use another way to setup different things on the scen, choose btw bonifications for the players, etc.

I'll check all the suggestions for the description, yes nautical miles is nmi, nm are nanometers but I imagine that for the English-speaking world they are used to read nm, I'll keep with the right one

Regarding showing the whole briefing in the command briefing section, there must be something internally different and I don't get the customization that allows me a special message to structure everything and make it nicer. But yes, maybe expanding the info or giving some general guidelines could be a good idea, thanks.


Regarding the minimap, is the issue related to this scenario, or you can replicate in a simpler scenario? If you can replicate it, please, create a new ticket for that issue and we'll take a look.
Nikel wrote: Sun Apr 28, 2024 7:05 pm What references did you use?

I found:

https://www.rand.org/pubs/monograph_reports/MR1365.html

https://www.helion.co.uk/conflicts/nato ... 27ec53fa43
Oh yes, I forget totally about references, yes mainly the RAND report and also a series of YT podcast talking about the F-15E in Allied Force, really nice info on different topics, SAMs, flying at night, GBUs, B-1 towed decoy... Updating the post with the references

P.S. I hope the court martial goes well :), maybe I should raise the threshold as there were quite a few cases of collateral damage to civilians and a certain embassy.
Nikel
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Re: First night over Kosovo (1999)

Post by Nikel »

The scenario minimap crash was reported before and supposedly fixed, but it is not the case.

https://www.matrixgames.com/forums/view ... 0#p5092010


It is reproducible in your scenario, so very good to fix it, I guess. Just run the game, select complexity and close + resume the 2 messages.

Then scenario minimap and the game crashes. The time has to be progressing for it to happen, and also happens with the global one.

For some reason the camera minimap displays a grey background.

Perhaps it is because of the distant US base?



The court martial will end badly as I started the war before it should happen :lol:
Nikel
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Re: First night over Kosovo (1999)

Post by Nikel »

OK, I continued with a save before the out of comms, etc happened.

Now diverted both Deaths over Bosnia, waiting. And approached to Serbia a number of supporting aircraft so I did not lose contact again and to gather information.

Besides sent one aircraft over Serbia, the U2-S to recon at max altitude, hoping it was not detected.

I do not know if this was the cause, but a huge number of Serbian fighters appeared and started attacking my supporting aircraft over Bosnia and the Adriatic.

Then one of the USN ships destroyed a Serbian aircraft.


And once again:

Unauthorized Initiation of Hostilities and Immediate Stand Down Order


This time it was the Serbian side who attacked first.

Or was it the U2-S spying? :lol:
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blu3s
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Re: First night over Kosovo (1999)

Post by blu3s »

That's a nice catch, I didn't take into account Serbs engaging first, in that case you're allowed of course to attack.

Serbs engage when they detect hostile units on their territory (with exception of the U-2) so maybe some of the support package cross the line without notice, mmm I'll need to figure out how to check that is a clear violation of Serbian airspace

I don't think the americans are very much in favor of diverting the spirit to Bosnia, they didn't even send it to NATO bases and fly all the missions from Whiteman :lol:
Nikel
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Re: First night over Kosovo (1999)

Post by Nikel »

Not sure it was a supporting aircraft crossing to Serbian space, but they were close indeed.

Deaths were flying over Bosnia, not landed at Tuzla AB.

They crossed the Atlantic and half Europe, but they are digital pilots after all, so not tired :lol:

And the B1-Bs this year attacked in the ME from Texas.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_ ... _and_Syria


The scenario right now has not scoring, has it?

Also after the NATO message, it allows you to continue, I suppose you should not, and appears NATO message after message when you shoot down or destroy anything.

What I discovered is that the U2-S is better surviving hostile airspace than the B2-A, perhaps it was the max altitude. After flying over Serbia, here it is RTBing setting a deadly trap for the Serbian fighters. The USN would destroy more than 30 MiGs.

But both Spirits found their name over Serbia...

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blu3s
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Re: First night over Kosovo (1999)

Post by blu3s »

New update with some tweaks

The scoring is at the end of the scenario (in the new update it will also have the thresholds), I didn't use the normal way and also my idea is not only give points for things destroyed but also for the level of intelligence you gather over Serbian forces.

Nikel wrote: Wed May 01, 2024 3:33 pm What I discovered is that the U2-S is better surviving hostile airspace than the B2-A, perhaps it was the max altitude.
Oh, in all my tests the U-2 was shot down every time by the fixed SAMs. And yes in general detection is too good to the misfortune of some units :lol:


Ah yeah, next update I'll add a NFZ for Serbian to no go to further away into the Adriatic
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Blast33
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Re: First night over Kosovo (1999)

Post by Blast33 »

Nice that you included 10 percent true - F-15E in the Balkans Part 1 to 4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eD9s0Eb6c7U
Good podcast!

I'll try it out, tnx!
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Blast33
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Re: First night over Kosovo (1999)

Post by Blast33 »

Tried it and the scenario looks very promising! Boy was I surprised by some Serbian action (I won't spoil it here ;-))
The target list works very nice and recognised the corresponding missions automatically.
But...

A/C keep circling at home base, do not engage, threat reaction is passive, they crash because of lack of fuel, and so many weird behaviors it is too much.
Have to wait for an update of CMO. This is unworkable.
Hours of planning is nice work to do, but the execution is in shambles. :(

Had one strange reaction by one Serbian flight [Mission Interception TGY], a whole group went into Greece but there where no targets for them..
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boogabooga
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Re: First night over Kosovo (1999)

Post by boogabooga »

Is it normal to get the "scenario has concluded" message within the first two seconds of the scenario?
The boogabooga doctrine for CMO: Any intentional human intervention needs to be able to completely and reliably over-ride anything that the AI is doing at any time.
Nikel
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Re: First night over Kosovo (1999)

Post by Nikel »

boogabooga wrote: Tue May 14, 2024 6:31 am Is it normal to get the "scenario has concluded" message within the first two seconds of the scenario?
Not happening here.

At 2 seconds time appears the NAC target list and then you close and continue.
boogabooga
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Re: First night over Kosovo (1999)

Post by boogabooga »

This is the trigger for the EndScenario event. Is anyone else seeing this:
2024-05-14.png
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Perhaps it's an issue in v007?

I have not touched the scenario.
The boogabooga doctrine for CMO: Any intentional human intervention needs to be able to completely and reliably over-ride anything that the AI is doing at any time.
Nikel
Posts: 2317
Joined: Tue Mar 24, 2009 10:51 am

Re: First night over Kosovo (1999)

Post by Nikel »

No.

Loading with the editor, event editor, triggers.

4 are listed: +1, +2, NATO enters Croatia and start.

Both 6 and 7 versions.
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