FOUR FATAL FLAWS IN IRONDUKE'S STUDY OF 4th ARMOURED DIVISION
I have indicated below that there are FOUR FATAL FLAWS in Ironduke's study on 4th Armoured Division.
Each of these flaws, by themselves, would render Ironduke's research invalid. However, I will show that ALL FOUR FLAWS are present in Ironduke's research and thus renders it of no effect.
FATAL FLAW NUMBER ONE:
Ironduke left out fighting formations in his research
When you initially started your project, I pointed out to you that you didn't include EIGHT German fighting formations in your research. If I had not mentioned them to you, you would not have included them at all.
Since that time, I have found FOUR more German fighting formations that have not been included in your research.
Please see below for a re-evaluation of some of these missing units.
All of this information was gathered from doing just a few minutes of casual reading of an article.
I am sure that if I did more in-depth research, I would find even more units that you have missed.
Therefore, because your study has not been conducted thoroughly to include all German fighting units in Lorraine at the time, you research is
FATALLY FLAWED and cannot stand.
FATAL FLAW NUMBER TWO
Ironduke uses poor source material
You did your research in a couple of hours and your information was gathered from a couple of websites, some from a book, and other bits and pieces were gathered from a few other sources.
As a result of this you have some facts that were quickly pieced together, and which provides you with
some basic information.
However, this research is fundamentally flawed.
Imagine going to an historian with what you have, and telling him that it took you two hours after looking at a couple of websites and books, to disprove 60 years of 4th Armoured history, which is ACCEPTED by ALL historical sources.
That historian would ask you if you went to the archives and looked at unit histories, veterans' accounts, and other primary sources. Your answer would be no.
That historian would ask you if you went to the library and looked at histories of the units involved, if you checked with what other historians had said on the subject, or if you read any of the biographies of the major personalties invloved. Your answer would be no.
That historian would ask you if you contacted and interviewed any surviving veterans of 4th Armoured division or in any veterans from those German formations. Your answer would be no.
That historian would probably ask you another dozen questions to find out what sources you used and how long it took you to do your study.
In the end, that historian would shake his head and show you to the door.
Because your research was done quickly and was based on poor and fragmentary sources, then it is
FATALLY FLAWED and cannot stand.
FATAL FLAW NUMBER THREE
Ironduke uses asumptions to arrive at unfounded conclusions
You mention that after you found your total tank number, you then deducted from this total for the reason that some tanks were in the repair shops.
Sorry to tell you but when tanks have NOT been destroyed, and if they are in the repair shops, those tanks remain a
potential force in being.
Most histories I have read INCLUDE tanks that are in the repair shops. Read any good history of the Afrika Korps or in Normandy to find out how important it was to have good mechanics and to get tanks back into action quickly.
Dietrich personally awarded the Iron Cross to his mechanics because they continually worked miracles returning damaged tanks back to the battlefield.
Tanks in repair shops are NEVER excluded in totals of tanks available. All OOBs list ALL tanks that have not been destroyed, even those in the repair shops.
The fact that you have done this arbitrarily, and without any supporting facts, severely hurts your research. It is arbitrary and capricious.
ALL tanks must be counted.
In addition, because of the nature of the confused fighting in Lorraine, units were being sent pell-mell to Lorraine from all over Europe; and that armoured formations, assault gun units and tank destroyer units were being sent to Lorraine from whatever units could be formed, also means that not all unit histories are complete in this regard, and that units came into being that do not appear in OoBs.
The fact that NONE of this was taken into account, means that your research is missing units and formations and is therefore
FATALLY FLAWED and cannot stand.
FATAL FLAW NUMBER FOUR
Ironduke missed two whole weeks of fighting in his study
That's right - two whole weeks of fighting is missing from your research.
How can I say that?
For this reason.
Most of the sites and books that mention the 4th Armoured Division's battles against the Germans
make it appear as though they are talking about JUST the Battle of Arracourt.
More importantly, those sources make it appear as though the number of German tanks destroyed (281) occurred
just during tha Battle of Arracourt.
However, this is COMPLETELY WRONG.
How do I know this?
I found a primary document that resides in the US National Archives that tells us EXACTLY over what period of time the 4th Armoured Division fought and how many German tanks were destroyed during this period.
This is what the PRIMARY DOCUMENT that is in the US National Archives tells us:
"All [German] attacks were repulsed w/o loss of ground, and
at the end of three weeks men of the 4th ArmdD counted 281 German. . . Tanks littering the hills" (SOURCE: Fact Sheets from The Information Section, Analysis Branch, HQ Army Ground Forces, Washington 25 DC, 1 Mar 1947, as found in the records of the National Archives and Records Administration, RG 407, Archives II, College Park MD).
Therefore, while most authors get the number of German armoured vehicles destroyed correct, they make the mistake of believing that ALL those 281 German tanks were destroyed
only during the Battle of Arracourt!
The 4th Armoured Fact Sheet above makes it very clear that while the 4th Armoured Division DID fight at Arracourt and win that battle, the total number of German tanks destroyed (281) was calculated over a period of
THREE WEEKS.
Thus, the 281 German armoured vehicles that were destroyed by the 4th Armoured Divison took place over a period THREE WEEKS (from Sept 4-5th to Sept 27th, 1944), and not over a period of a few days as has been intimated by some historians.
The fault does not lay with 4th Armoured Divison. This Fact Sheet has been in the US National Archives since 1947. Rather, the fault lies with historians and others who have unintentionally obfuscated the time period in which those German tanks were destroyed.
So we now have an additional TWO WEEKS within which 4th Armoured Division fought additional tank battles. And yes, it did fight the 3d PanzerGrenadier Division.
4th Armoured fought the 3d Panzergrenadier Division (containing 37 armoured vehicles):
At 0100 on 13 September, the 3d Panzergrenadier Division hit the Dieulouard bridgehead with a strong counterattack, causing the corps control officer to reconsider his decision to hold back the cavalry. When German infantry and assault guns had pressed to within rifle range of the bridges, the control officer finally sent D Troop across the Moselle. The cavalry's light tanks broke up the counterattack and drove forward until fire from the German assault guns halted them.
By daylight on 13 September. . . . The commanders of the XII Corps, 80th Division, 4th Armored Division, CCA, and 37th Tank Battalion convened near the bridges to arrive at a course of action. When the generals could not reach a decision, Colonel Clarke asked Lieutenant Colonel Abrams what he thought CCA should do. Pointing to the far shore, Abrams said, "That is the shortest way home." "Get going!" ordered Clarke.7 Under heavy German shelling, Abrams' tanks led CCA across the Moselle at 0800 on 13 September. . .
CCA met little opposition as it knifed into the German rear areas. Road blocks, tank detachments, and antiaircraft emplacements were quickly knocked out by the guns of the lead tanks or the self-propelled artillery traveling near the head of the column
(SOURCE:
The 4th Armored Division in the Encirclement of Nancy, by Dr. Christopher R. Gabel, April 1986, U.S. Army Command and General Staff College, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas 66027-6900).
4th Armoured fought the 15th Panzergrenadier Division (containing 37 armoured vehicles):
The 35th Division and the bulk of the 4th Armored Division would still make the main effort south of Nancy, but the 80th Division would also attempt another crossing north of the city. CCA of the 4th Armored Division would stand by in corps reserve, ready to exploit an opportunity on either wing. This loophole eventually enabled Wood to carry out the operation north of Nancy that he preferred.
On 11 September, the XII Corps crossed the Moselle River (see map 4). Against stiff opposition from the 15th Panzergrenadier Division, the 35th Division established an infantry bridgehead south of Nancy. CCB, leading the 4th Armored Division's main effort, chose not to wait for heavy bridges to be constructed. Instead, the lead tanks improvised a crossing of the drained canal flanking the Moselle, forded the river, and established contact with the 35th Division while engineers constructed bridges behind them.
Defending the sector were elements of the 553d Volksgrenadier and 15th Panzergrenadier Divisions. A battalion-sized battle group sent to counterattack the CCB bridgehead was trapped and wiped out.
(SOURCE:
The 4th Armored Division in the Encirclement of Nancy, by Dr. Christopher R. Gabel, April 1986, U.S. Army Command and General Staff College, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas 66027-6900).
Nafziger mentions the 15th PZGdr had 37 armoured vehicles (p.272).
Col. H.M. Cole, in the "The Lorraine Campaign" (the official history of the war), tells us the Germans also had both Tiger and Panther tanks in the area with 3d PzGdr.
General Patton mentions that on Sept 15th alone, the Germans lost 60 tanks (Martin Blumenson & George S. Patton,
The Patton Papers 1940-1945; Da Capo Press; (October 1, 1996); p.549).
If we add those 204 tanks Ironduke found, with the 74 tank destroyers of the 3d and 15th PZGdr Divisions, plus the 60 tanks destroyed on Sept 15th, we have 338 tanks and tank destroyers destroyed. Even if some or many of those 74 tank destroyers are included with those 60 destroyed on Sept 15th, we have more than enough tanks and days to reach our 281 total.
These numbers do not even include the armoured vehicles of the 12 or more other missing fighting formations that you have not included in your study.
[PLEASE SEE BELOW FOR MORE FIGHTING FORMATIONS AND AFVs PRESENT IN LORRAINE]
Thus Steven Zaloga, the noted historian, found that the Germans lost 490 tanks in September:
Of the
617 German panzers committed in September, 1944 in Lorraine,
only 127 were operational by October 1. Patton's army lost about 200 tanks in September - and replaced all of them by the end of the month (Zaloga, Steven,
Lorraine 1944 : Patton Vs Manteuffel (Campaign Series, 75), Osprey Publishing, 2000).
Therefore, because of the fact that you failed to locate any primary documents related to 4th Armoured Division, and because you have omitted from your study TWO FULL WEEKS of fighting, then it follows that your study is
FATALLY FLAWED and cannot stand.
ADDITIONAL FORMATIONS PRESENT IN LORRAINE:
17th SS PzGdr Div - this is listed in Kursitis (
The Wehrmacht at War 1939-1945, p.264), but is not listed in Nafziger.
Using the GrossDeutchland PzGdr div as an example, then the 17th SS could have had up to
130 Armoured vehicles.
2nd Panzer Division - had up to
130 tanks and StuGs (Nafziger, pp. 230-1).
49th Infantry Division - in Lorraine under Lubbe in Sept (Kursitis, p.117).
92nd Luftwaffe Field Regiment - no AFVs
There are still more units that could be identified as being in Lorraine.
Clearly, between Sept 4-5 to Sept 27th, the 4th Armoured Divison encountered the following German units:
11th Pz Div - 176 AFVs (optimal)
111 Pz Brigade - 100 AFVs (optimal)
113th Pz Brigade - 100 AFVs (optimal)
15th PzGdr Div - 37 AFVs
3rd PzGdr Div - 37 AFVs
17th SS PzGdr Div - 130 AFVs (optimal)
2nd Pz Div - 130 Tanks and StuGs (optimal)
This total equals
710 AFVs.
Clearly this total equals the optimum number of AFVs that would be available in Lorraine in Sept/44. If we factor in tank losses, breakdowns, tanks in repair shops, attritional losses, etc, then the resulting number would be more than sufficient to equal the number of AFVs in Lorraine as calculated by Zaloga (at 617), and is more than a sufficient number to give the 4th Armoured Division its requisite number of 281 German tanks destroyed.
CONCLUSION
I have shown that any one of the above flaws would render Ironduke's study to be of no effect. The fact that ALL FOUR flaws have been found in his research, renders its conclusions and facts dubious and of no effect.
Since Primary Documents are best evidence, then the 4th Armoured Fact Sheet from the US National Archives indicates clearly that it destroyed 281 German armoured vehicles over a period of THREE WEEKS.
This means that there was plenty of time, and there was plenty of German armour present, to fulfill 4th Armoured's claim.
Therefore:
4th Armoured's claim stands; Ironduke's conclusion is refuted.