However, I don't know the exact criteria by which the military defines what a deserter is, and don't know whether that criteria has changed. It could be that what was defined as an act of desertion prior to the war is now considered merely going AWOL.
Such creative statistical accounting is already being practiced with respect to recruitment (the military recently lowered its recruitment goals to make the shortfall of recruits less striking)
885. ART. 85. DESERTION
(a) Any member of the armed forces who--
(1) without authority goes or remains absent from his unit, organization, or place of duty with intent to remain away therefrom permanently;
(2) quits his unit, organization, or place of duty with intent to avoid hazardous duty or to shirk important service; or
(3) without being regularly separated from one of the armed forces enlists or accepts an appointment in the same or another on of the armed forces without fully disclosing the fact that he has not been regularly separated, or enters any foreign armed service except when authorized by the United States; is guilty of desertion.
(b) Any commissioned officer of the armed forces who, after tender of his resignation and before notice of its acceptance, quits his post or proper duties without leave and with intent to remain away therefrom permanently is guilty of desertion.
(c) Any person found guilty of desertion or attempt to desert shall be punished, if the offense is committed in time of war, by death or such other punishment as a court-martial may direct, but if the desertion or attempt to desert occurs at any other time, by such punishment, other than death, as a court-martial may direct.
866. ART. 86. ABSENCE WITHOUT LEAVE
Any member of the armed forces who, without authority--
(1) fails to go to his appointed place of duty at the time prescribed;
(2) goes from that place; or
(3) absents himself or remains absent from his unit, organization, or place of duty at which he is required to be at the time prescribed; shall be punished as a court-martial may direct.
The UCMJ hasn't changed. The difference between desertion and AWOL is that with desertion the individual has absolutely no intention of coming back and had disposed of his ID card. That definition has never changed since 1972 (when I joined). AWOL is basically an unauthorized absence (UA as the Navy calls it) and be a little as 1 minute late for work or as long as the individual stays gone. However, if the individual is in possession of his ID card, the military has a very difficult time proving desertion (unless you ran off to a foreign country) regardless of the length of time they are gone.
As far as "creative statistical accounting" goes, military recruiting quotas and criteria are constantly changing. I was a Navy Recruiter-in-Charge of a 7-man station in Yakima, WA for 4 years and the criteria constantly changed and this was in the 90's. Each service maintains their own set of standards for enlistment. Each one also changes them as the need arises. We sometimes allowed non-grads to join but very seldom as the other standards were raised for them. I think my station processed fewer than 20 non-grads for enlistment out of the 500+ people my station recruited.
And you can't compare month-to-month recruiting numbers. Recruiting is highly cyclic. For example, June was normally one of the best months for recruiting, May one of the worst.
From your writings, it would appear that you have never served in the military and so have no basis for filtering the crap from the truth. If you have served, then I thank you for your service but you still didn't learn to filter out the crap from the truth.
For example, if you were in a convoy and the vehicle ahead of you was blown up and you were injured when your vehicle crashed into the wreckage, you're officially considered to have been injured in a traffic accident, not wounded in action.
And I suppose I really wasn't in a plane crash because I wasn't the pilot. Any injuries incurred in the line of duty and as a result of enemy action is classified as a combat casualty. You don't actually have to be shot. I don't know where you get this BS from but I would pull my hip waders up higher if I were you.
Chez